CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Kaizhou Huang,Wei Qu,Tenghui Jin,Yutong Xie,Zhuoyun Tang,Ming Su,Ping Zhang,J. Paul Chen
Carbon nitride can be used in solar photocatalysis for treatment of antibiotic contaminants; however it often suffers exciton trapping and sluggish interfacial electron transfer, limiting O 2 activation. Herein, nitrogen-vacancy-regulated plasmonic Schottky interfaces are constructed by introducing N vacancies into C 3 N 5 and anchoring Ag nanoparticles (CNV-Ag). Under AM 1.5G irradiation, CNV-Ag achieves ~100% sulfamethoxazole removal within 60 min, giving an apparent rate constant ~75× higher than pristine C 3 N 5 . The catalyst performs robustly in complex water matrices, degrades multiple antibiotics, and remains stable in flow operation with 94.4% outlet removal over 6 h. Quenching and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy identify •O 2 − , h + , and 1 O 2 as the dominant oxidants. The theoretical calculations reveal that N vacancies upshift the Fermi level, enhance interfacial charge exchange, lower the work function, and promote band bending to favor O 2 reduction. This paradigm offers a general blueprint for coupling defect chemistry with plasmonic charge management to enable scalable, solar-driven oxidative technologies for broad-spectrum water purification.
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JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2025
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IF 7.9
Yongyi Li,Wei Li,Zhigang Shao,Huiyang Xu,Shuanglong Li,Bo Wang,Xiaorui Huang,Shichao Jiao,Zhiwei Li
Photocatalytic production of hydrogen peroxide from water is regarded as an environmentally benign technology for energy storage and supply. Herein, a disordered K&Na-C 3 N 5 photocatalyst co-intercalated with K + &Na + and modified by cyano/hydroxyl groups is successfully fabricated via alkali-activated thermal-polymerization. Alkali activation effectively anchors cyano and hydroxyl active groups on the surface: hydroxyl groups enhance the material's hydrophilicity and promote proton transfer, while cyano groups exhibit electron-attracting characteristics to localize photogenerated electrons. Simultaneously, interlayer intercalation of K + &Na + forms electron transport channels, synergistically facilitating surface proton transfer and optimizing charge distribution. This multi-component modification strategy significantly enhances the adsorption capacity of O 2 , effectively modulates the 2e − ORR pathway, and improves the selectivity of H 2 O 2 , demonstrating its excellent bifunctional properties. Experimental data show that the optimally alkali-activated K 3 &Na 3 -C 3 N 5 achieves a remarkably high H 2 O 2 production rate of 26,920.49 μmol g −1 ·h −1 — a 90.3-fold increase over unmodified C 3 N 5 . This work pioneers alkali activation as a universal and scalable paradigm for engineering surface-active sites to enable performance amplification through functional group-metal ion cooperativity, and it provides a design blueprint for advanced carbon nitride-based photocatalysts to boost H 2 O 2 fuel cell performance.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
·
2025
·
IF 4.8
Wenjie Tian,Xiongxiong Zeng,Wencong Liu,Lei Mao,Fen Guo,Yang Gui,Lan Yuan
Constructing a dual-functional photoredox system coupling fine-chemical synthesis with hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) production provides an intriguing and eco-friendly protocol for advancing sustainable practical applications. Herein, we present a facile one-pot strategy for fabricating a porous N-rich g-C 3 N 4 /g-C 3 N 5 heterojunction (denoted as pN-N 4 -N 5 ) using mixed melamine and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazine as the precursors with NH 4 Cl as a penetrant for in-situ structure engineering. The resultant metal-free pN-N 4 -N 5 exhibited a remarkable performance of H 2 O 2 generation rate of 2.71 mmol g −1 h −1 with simultaneous production of industrially important 2-phenylbenzimidazole (2-BZ) under visible light and open air, along with a yield of 97 % and selectivity of > 99 %, outperforming most of the reported carbon nitride-based reaction systems for single-functional H 2 O 2 or 2-BZ synthesis. Extensive characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) studies revealed that such a heterojunction with well-matched band structure, enlarged interlayer space and enriched amino groups on the catalyst surface enables the facilitated spatially oriented charge flow, efficient mass transfer and reactants activation, thus offering an efficient and sustainable platform to furnishing the three-in-one photoredox systems to produce bidirectional valuable products.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光催化
·
可持续能源
·
有机合成
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环境化学
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
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IF 6.9
Hui Tang,Xiaobao Chen,Zonghan Huang,Meng Liu,Xiaoping Li,Lanxuan Wen,Yu Liu,Rongwei Li,Songjun Guo,Rongzhi Chen
Inefficiency in photogenerated charge separation, especially within the in-plane heptazine units of widely used carbon nitride semiconductors, severely restricts photocatalytic H 2 evolution. Herein, a dual electric field was constructed in a novel C 3 N 4 /C 3 N 5 /CoP (CNHJ- X /CoP) composite via the synergistic integration of a C 3 N 4 /C 3 N 5 homojunction and a C 3 N 5 /CoP Schottky junction. The optimized CNHJ-5/CoP exhibits a photocurrent density 7.5 times higher than that of pure C 3 N 5 , along with a hydrogen evolution rate of 1878 μmol·g −1 ·h −1 (apparent quantum efficiency = 14.1% at 400 nm), which is 24.5% higher than that of C 3 N 5 /CoP binary composite. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, density functional theory calculations, and charge dynamics characterization collectively confirm that the dual electric field enhances the in-plane charge separation efficiency within the C 3 N 5 heptazine units and facilitates the directional transfer of photoelectrons from C 3 N 5 to both C 3 N 4 and CoP. Specifically, the homojunction promotes the retention of more holes in C 3 N 5 for reaction with triethanolamine, while the Schottky junction accelerates electron transfer to CoP for H 2 evolution, thereby driving the forward reaction. This work provides new insights into the design of advanced dual-electric-field systems for enhancing charge separation in two-dimensional nanosheets, thereby boosting photocatalytic H 2 evolution.
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ACS Sensors
·
2026
·
IF 10.9
Zhang Xue,Sun Jiaxing,Wang Yuchen,Zhang Ziqi,Wang Duojia,Liu Kai,Tian Weiliang,Zhang Kewei
Atomically thin, two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors offer unprecedented opportunities for high-performance gas sensing, while the limited surface accessibility of their bulk counterparts severely restricts their practical applications. Herein, ultrathin graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 5 ) nanosheets with an average thickness of ∼1.7 nm were successfully synthesized via a facile and scalable sulfuric acid-assisted intercalation–exfoliation strategy using bulk g-C 3 N 5 derived from the thermal polymerization of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. The exfoliation process effectively tailors the electronic structure and maximizes the exposure of nitrogen-rich active sites, enabling enhanced surface adsorption and accelerated charge transfer. As a result, the as-prepared g-C 3 N 5 nanosheets exhibit outstanding room-temperature ammonia (NH 3 ) sensing performance, delivering a high sensitivity of 22.27 ppm –1 , a low detection limit of 27 ppb, and excellent selectivity under complex gas environments. Notably, the integration of g-C 3 N 5 nanosheets onto a flexible porous substrate further enables robust mechanical stability and efficient gas diffusion, supporting reliable operation under bending and long-term use. More importantly, the sensor demonstrates the capability to discriminate pulmonary infection patients from healthy individuals through exhaled breath analysis, highlighting its potential for non-invasive clinical diagnostics. This work not only provides an effective strategy for constructing high-performance carbon nitride-based gas sensors but also offers a promising platform for wearable healthcare monitoring and early disease detection.
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高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2026
·
IF 19.7
Juan Long,Gui Yang,Yang Wu,Lin Wang,Yawen Xiao,Shiping Zhang,Huachao Che,Juhong Zhan,Xiaoyong Wu,Bin Huang,Fengzhi Jiang,Shaowen Cao,Xuejun Pan
Ultrathin g-C 3 N 5 with Na-K sites, N-vacancies, and –C N was synthesized. • CN-Na-K yields 4739.89 μmol‧g −1 ‧h −1 H 2 O 2 under aeration-free conditions. • –C N and N-vacancies synergistically boost π-electron delocalization. • Na-K dual sites drive both ORR and WOR pathways for H 2 O 2 production. Photocatalytic solar-driven H 2 O 2 synthesis offers a sustainable energy route but is often limited by the need for supplemental oxygen. To overcome barriers, a distinctive ultra-thin g-C 3 N 5 nanosheet with cyano groups (–C N), N-vacancies, and Na-K dual active sites (CN-Na-K) was structured for H 2 O 2 production in natural-oxygen-conditions (aeration-free). The introduction of the –C N function as an electron pump to construct an internal electric field (IEF) promoted charge separation. Simultaneously, N-vacancies broke the structural localization to enhance π-electron delocalization, creating high-speed channels for carrier transport. Crucially, the Na-K dual sites acted as catalytic centers that enabled the water oxidation reaction (WOR) by driving the formation of key intermediates (*O 2 , *OOH, and *OH), where Na + acted as a powerful electron sink, and K + promoted excited-state electrons and stabilized holes. Therefore, the –C N, N-vacancies, and Na-K dual active sites synergistically promoted an enhanced H 2 O 2 production rate of CN-Na-K (1260.03 μmol‧g −1 ‧h −1 in LED lamp and 4739.89 μmol‧g −1 ‧h −1 in Xe lamp) under aeration-free conditions. Besides, characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed the CN-Na-K system produced H 2 O 2 via a dual-channel pathway for the oxygen reduction (ORR) and WOR. This work provides a systemic design for electronic delocalization and dual active site engineering to achieve efficient aeration-free H 2 O 2 production. Download: Download high-res image (262KB) Download: Download full-size image
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BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
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2026
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IF 11.8
Kai Liu,Yuanyuan Ren,Jun Wang,Xue Zhang,Jiaxing Sun,Huitong Xu,Kewei Zhang,Song Yang
Ammonia (NH 3 ) in exhaled breath is a promising biomarker for non-invasive monitoring of metabolic disorders, but achieving selective and sensitive detection under complex breath environments remains challenging. Here, we report a bioinspired g-C 3 N 5 @Zn-TCPP heterojunction formed through π-π stacking that enables molecular-recognition-driven breath NH 3 sensing. Inspired by the synergistic functions of ammonium transporter (AmtB) and ammonia monooxygenase (AMO), this heterostructure integrates pore-confined molecular enrichment with interfacial electric-field regulation. The intrinsic aperture of Zn-TCPP (∼2.8 Å), closely matching the kinetic diameter of NH 3 (2.6 Å), enables size-selective molecular sieving, while the g-C 3 N 5 -induced interfacial electric field modulates the electronic environment of Zn 2+ active sites and strengthens Lewis acid-base interactions with NH 3 molecules. Benefiting from this synergistic molecular recognition mechanism, the optimized 0.08@g-;C 3 N 5 @Zn-TCPP sensor achieves a remarkable response (R 0 /R g = 223 toward 5 ppm NH 3 ), a low detection limit of 232 ppb, and excellent durability over 1000 bending cycles at room temperature. Machine-learning-assisted analysis further enables accurate discrimination of NH 3 from interfering gases (R 2 = 0.91). The sensor also distinguishes breath NH 3 variations between healthy individuals and disease-related samples, highlighting its potential for intelligent non-invasive breath analysis. This work establishes a bioinspired molecular recognition strategy by coupling pore confinement with interfacial electric-field regulation, providing a new paradigm for selective gas sensing and wearable health-monitoring platforms.
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DESALINATION
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2024
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IF 8.3
Wubin Wang,Jin Wang,Yufei Yan
With the development of industry, the scarcity of lithium resources is becoming increasingly prominent. Therefore, the development of high-performance nanofiltration (NF) membranes for lithium extraction from salt lakes has become crucial. Herein, β-Cyclodextrin (β-CD) and amino-rich graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 5 ) sol were uniformly mixed to form β-CD@g-C 3 N 5 , which was then mixed with polyetherimide (PEI) monomer and subjected to interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction with trimesoyl chloride (TMC) on a 0.22 μm microfiltration (MF) membrane to prepare the PEI-(β-CD@g-C 3 N 5 )/TMC composite NF membrane. Through thin plate theory and gradient operation pressure filtration tests, it was found that the composite NF membrane prepared on the MF membrane substrate was not only defect-free but also exhibited superior compression resistance. In Li + /Mg 2+ filtration tests, the PEI-(β-CD@g-C 3 N 5 )/TMC membrane showed superior NF performance, with a Li + /Mg 2+ selectivity coefficient of 38.85 and a permeability of 8.91 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 . This was attributed to the effect of β-CD@g-C 3 N 5 , which could thin the separation layer, slightly enlarge and more uniformly distribute the pores, increase hydrophilicity, and enhance positive charge; meanwhile, the cavity structure provided by β-CD helped to effectively separate Li + /Mg 2+ . Furthermore, under conditions of mixed salt solutions with different Mg 2+ /Li + mass ratios and 80 h of continuous filtration, the membrane exhibited excellent stability. This work introduces innovative membrane materials and design concepts to the field of lithium extraction via NF, potentially paving the way for the industrial application of NF technology.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
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化学工程
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2022
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IF 7.139
Nan Su,Shasha Cheng,Pingfan Zhang,Hongjun Dong,Yuhai Fang,Xiangtong Zhou,Yun Wang,Chunmei Li
The interfacial charge transfer control is a key and arduous issue for propelling the migration/separation of photogenerated carriers for heterojunction photocatalysts . Here, a new 2D/2D C 3 N 4 /C 3 N 5 nonmetal van der Waals (VdW) heterojunction is fabricated by the simple self-assembly technique in acidic medium, whose charge separation efficiency is promoted dramatically, thus being endowed with the high-efficiency photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) performance. The PHE rate reaches up to 3.33 mmol h −1 g −1 under the visible light and the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE) of 20.6% is achieved at 420 nm on the optimal 2D/2D C 3 N 4 /C 3 N 5 -5% sample. Furthermore, the 2D/2D C 3 N 4 /C 3 N 5 nonmetal VdW heterojunction also exhibits the desired stability because there was no significant decrease after PHE reaction of 10 cycles with total 40 h. Such outstanding PHE activity and stability originate from the impelled separation of photoinduced charge carriers and the powerful interfacial interaction through forming Z-Scheme charge transfer path and π-π coupling effect between C 3 N 4 and C 3 N 5 nanosheets . This work takes a significant guiding and demonstration for designing and exploiting other novel nonmetallic polymer-based VdW heterojunctions in the photocatalytic application field.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光催化
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PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
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2025
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IF 2.8
Huiyang Xv,Huixiang Yan,Wei Li,Yongyi Li,Shuanglong Li,Xiaorui Huang,Bo Wang,Shichao Jiao,Di Lin,Wenxu Zhang
Amidst global energy transition priorities and environmental remediation imperatives, heterointerface-engineered photocatalysts emerge as strategic foci in advanced materials development. In this study, SnS 2 @C 3 N 5 composite with Z-scheme heterojunction structure were prepared using a synergistic strategy of hydrothermal synthesis and electrostatic self-assembly. Systematic characterization and performance tests show its unique energy band matching and interfacial charge transport mechanism promote photogenerated carrier separation thus potentiate the catalytic performance under luminous incidence. The material demonstrates robust photocatalytic performance. In hydrogen production tests, the value reaches 7546 μmol g −1 h −1 , demonstrating an 8.43-fold increase compared to pristine C 3 N 5 . For methyl orange degradation, it achieves 89.7 % removal efficiency within 120 min, being 2.2 times more effective than C 3 N 5 and 4 times higher than SnS 2 . Combined with transient photocurrent , fluorescence spectroscopy and theoretical calculations reveal the charge transfer pathways and reaction kinetics in Z-scheme heterojunctions . These findings provide both theoretical guidance and practical strategies for developing multifunctional photocatalytic materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光催化
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能源材料
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环境修复
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纳米复合材料
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异质结工程
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高影响因子
ACTA PHYSICO-CHIMICA SINICA
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2024
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IF 10.8
Changjun You,Chunchun Wang,Mingjie Cai,Yanping Liu,Baikang Zhu,Shijie Li
Photocatalytic wastewater decontamination techniques hold eminent promise in mitigating environmental deterioration, yet the lack of distinctive photocatalysts prevents their further large-scale application. Herein, an S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst BiOBr/C 3 N 5 (BBN) was fabricated for efficiently dislodging micropollutants under visible light. Among the BBN samples, the optimal BBN-2 demonstrated exceptional activity in photocatalytic TC removal with a rate constant of 0.0139 min ‒1 , which surpassed that of pure BiOBr and C 3 N 5 by 0.6 and 2.8 times, respectively. The spatially segregated photoredox sites and efficient photo-carrier separation propelled by an internal electric field are found to play a cardinal role in promoting photoreaction kinetics. Moreover, BBN-2 exhibited remarkable resistance to environmental interference and stability, retaining a high activity level after five runs. Through active radical detection, •O 2 ‒ , h + and •OH were identified as the primary active species in the photocatalytic reaction process. This research would encourage the exploration of C 3 N 5 -based photocatalysts for environmental protection. Download: Download high-res image (91KB) Download: Download full-size image
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2026
·Vol. 237
·期 10
·615
·
IF 3.5
Tian Jianghao,Xiao Min,Li Shifeng,Bu Ruiying,Yang Xin,Zhang Hongling,Chen Xiaoyang
To overcome membrane permeation selectivity defects and mitigate membrane fouling, a novel nanocomposite, UiO-66-NH 2 /g-C 3 N 5 (UNCN), was designed and synthesized. Notably, this composite overcomes the inherent limitations of UiO-66-NH 2 (limited visible light absorption) and g-C 3 N 5 (low specific surface area). The optimal composite ratio was determined to be 3:7 through systematic optimization. The UNCN-3:7 nanocomposite was then embedded into the polyamide selective layer on polysulfone via in situ interfacial polymerization under optimal conditions, resulting in a thin film nanocomposite (TFN) Nanofiltration membrane. Characterization revealed that the UNCN-3:7 Nanocomposites were uniformly distributed within the polyamide (PA) matrix. The resulting TFN Nanofiltration membrane possessed an ultrathin, positively charged selective layer with enhanced hydrophilicity, evidenced by a reduction in water contact angle from 60.3° to 47.3°. It exhibited a 43% increase in pure water permeability compared to the unmodified thin film composite (TFC) membrane (52.7 vs. 36.9 L·m −2 ·h −1 ·bar −1 ), while maintaining an excellent Na 2 SO 4 retention rate (> 96%). Furthermore, the membrane demonstrated excellent photocatalytic degradation performance, superior anti-fouling properties (flux recovery rate > 92%), and stable long-term operation. These results indicate that the construction of the novel UNCN nanocomposite Nanofiltration membrane presents an effective strategy to address membrane fouling issues.
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