Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
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2026
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IF 3.6
Chang Cuihua,Wang Yi,Su Yujie,Gu Luping,Yang Yanjun,Li Junhua
This study systematically investigated the synergistic effects of xanthan gum (XG) and guar gum (GG) as textural modifiers in ultra-low-fat salad systems containing egg white protein particles (EWPP). The results demonstrated that XG primarily contributed to initial viscosity through strong electrostatic interactions with EWPP, forming interconnected rigid networks that maintained structural integrity at low shear rates. The addition of GG would induce to the increase in viscosity from 380.36 Pa to 497.32 Pa, while the yield strain value decreased from 219% to 174%. Importantly, GG incorporation induced a fundamental transformation in material behavior-as evidenced by 3ITT shear tests and large amplitude oscillatory shear measurements, progressively weakening intermolecular forces while enhancing system resilience, with the optimal XG: GG ratio of 1:2 yielding superior elastic properties. Structural characterization revealed a controlled transition from electrostatic-dominated to entropic-driven network organization, directly correlating with improved mouthfeel characteristics. LF-NMR and SEM results provided insights into the water distribution and microstructure, showing that GG incorporation led to a looser internal structure with weaker water immobilization capacity. Overall, this research offers valuable insights into optimizing the texture and stability of ultra-low-fat and high protein salad products through the strategic use of XG and GG.
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LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 7.1
Shu-Jing Guo,Da-Hu Li,Xue-De Wang,Yu-Yuan Hu
The digestive characteristics and in vitro cholesterol-lowering activity of phytosterols-loaded nanostructured lipid carrier (PS-NLC) modified with four guar gum variants (GG, CGG, PHGG, and PHCG) were studied to evaluate the potential of these complexes as functional food ingredients. Simulated digestion results indicated that while none of the polysaccharides significantly affected the final digestion extent of the lipid carriers, GG, CGG, and PHCG reduced the initial digestion rates. The in vitro cholesterol-lowering activity followed the order: GG-PS-NLC > CGG-PS-NLC > PHCG-PS-NLC > PHGG-PS-NLC, with activities corresponding to 1.91, 1.76, 1.55, and 1.25 times that of PS-NLC, respectively. Analysis of the in vitro cholesterol-lowering mechanism revealed that CGG and PHCG, benefiting from their positive charge, exhibited superior cholesterol micelle binding and cholesterol binding capabilities; GG extensively captured bile salts via hydrogen bonds due to its large molecular weight and high viscosity. These findings indicate that charge and molecular weight are critical factors determining the ability of polysaccharides to assist PS-NLC in lowering cholesterol. The results provide valuable insights for developing NLC multicomponent systems with polysaccharides to deliver phytosterols from food matrices to the digestive environment and apply them in functional foods.
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KOREAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2026
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IF 3.4
Zhang Yurong,Li Jiatong,Ji Yongwei,Liu Sifan,Zhu Bo,Lou Dawei
This study developed a novel composite polymer flocculant, polyaluminum zinc silicate-cationic guar gum (PSAZ-CGG) and investigated the effects of preparation conditions and flocculation parameters on the removal of Congo Red (CR) and Reactive Blue 19 (RB-19). The synthesized flocculant and flocs were characterized using techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), elemental analyzer (EA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These findings suggest the successful fabrication of the composite flocculant and its favorable flocculation performance. Single-factor flocculation experiments revealed maximum removal rates of 97.7% and 95% for CR and RB-19. The kinetic and isotherm data were better fitted by the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, respectively. These models were used as empirical tools to describe the apparent dye removal behavior. Furthermore, maximum uptake values of 454.55 mg g − 1 (CR) and 393.33 mg g − 1 (RB-19) were measured for the PSAZ-CGG composite in aqueous solution. XPS analysis further supports the interaction between PSAZ-CGG and the dye molecules during the flocculation process. The primary flocculation mechanisms are likely to include sweep flocculation, adsorption bridging, and charge neutralization. The recycling study further suggests that the flocculant possesses good chemical stability and eco-compatibility. Graphical The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 9.6
Jiatong Xu,Qingyu Liao,Huimin Ren,Ziyu Zhou,Shuna Gao,Ouwei Dai,Xu Du,Baihua Yuan,Hongbin Zhang
AGGs with controlled substitution degrees were synthesized in a green route. • Low acetylation effectively increases the viscosity of GG. • AGG and TEQ demonstrate a strong synergistic thickening behavior. • AGG and TEQ interaction mechanisms were analyzed using multiscale techniques. • A new, efficient and environmentally friendly thickening system was developed. Polysaccharide–surfactant synergistic thickening systems are of great interest for applications in soft matter and consumer products, yet the role of controlled hydrophobic modification of neutral polysaccharides in enhancing such interactions remains underexplored. In this work, a series of acetylated guar gum (AGG) derivatives with low degrees of substitution (DS, 0.04–0.41) were synthesized to fine-tune the hydrophobicity of the polysaccharide backbone. Among these, AGG with a DS of 0.07 (AGG-2) exhibited improved solubility and higher intrinsic viscosity than native guar gum (GG). When combined with a bio-based double-tailed esterquat surfactant (TEQ), AGG-2 demonstrated a markedly enhanced synergistic thickening effect, with a zero-shear viscosity ca. 24 times higher than that of the AGG-2 solution alone and a synergistic index of 1.76. Using a combination of rheology, optical microscopy, quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and molecular dynamics simulations, we reveal that the synergy originates from hydrophobic-driven adsorption of TEQ onto the mildly acetylated polysaccharide chains, forming a physically cross-linked network of polymer chains and surfactant vesicles. Notably, a moderate DS (0.07) strikes an optimal balance between hydrophobicity and chain flexibility, maximizing network extensibility and viscoelasticity. This study provides a mechanistic understanding of how controlled acetylation enhances surfactant–polysaccharide synergy and offers a sustainable strategy for designing high-performance thickening systems with reduced surfactant usage Schematic illustration of the synergistic thickening mechanism between acetylated guar gum (AGG) and esterquat surfactant (TEQ), showing molecular interaction and vesicle entanglement enhancement. Download: Download high-res image (166KB) Download: Download full-size image
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Xiaoqing Jia,Xuhui Wang,Peng Fan,Zizhao Wang,Ting Wang,Dawei Yan,Shige Wang,Qian Chen,Lei Du
Infected wounds are often plagued by dual challenges of persistent bacterial colonization and severe pain, which synergistically impede tissue repair. This study designed a novel multifunctional hydrogel film (G3/γ-PGA/GG-A/B) by integrating γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA), third-generation dendrimers (G3), and guar gum (GG), with loading of amoxicillin (AMX) and bupivacaine (BUP). The solubilization effect of G3 and the hydrogel's unique network structure enhance the release rate of hydrophobic BUP, overcoming the poor delivery efficiency of lipophilic anesthetics in traditional hydrogels and enhancing long-term analgesic efficacy. In vitro assays confirmed that the film achieves over 99% bactericidal rates against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus , with no obvious cytotoxicity, and no significant damage to major organs in vivo . In C57BL/6 mouse models, G3/γ-PGA/GG-A/B treatment achieved a wound healing rate of 99.12 ± 0.44% for infected wounds within 18 days, with intact epidermal regeneration and orderly collagen deposition. In spared nerve injury (SNI) and plantar incision models (PIM), the film significantly prolonged thermal paw withdrawal latency and increased 50% mechanical withdrawal threshold, delivering potent analgesia for up to 5 days. This all-in-one hydrogel dressing integrates anti-infection, long-acting analgesia, and wound repair functions, offering a promising solution to clinical management of complex infected wounds.
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LANGMUIR
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2026
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IF 4.4
Yimin Hu,Meiling Tang,Jin Ma,Tao Wei,Ming Shen
Hydrogels are regarded as promising materials for flexible electronics and wearable sensors. However, it remains a significant challenge to simultaneously achieve high mechanical robustness, environmental tolerance, high electrical conductivity, antibacterial properties, self-healing ability, strong adhesion, and multimodal sensing performance in a single system. Addressing this, the multifunctional hydrogel (denoted as PCET) was developed by integrating polyacrylamide (PAM), biocompatible natural polymer cationic hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium guar gum (CGG), the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([Emim]Br), and natural polyphenol tannic acid (TA) through a synergistic cross-linking strategy. The PCET hydrogel demonstrated ionic conductivity (0.8 S/m) and functioned as a multimodal sensor, with strain sensitivity (GF = 1.65), reliable cycling stability, and responsive detection of pressure and temperature (TCR = 0.51%/°C). Furthermore, it exhibited strong substrate adhesion (∼50 kPa) and supported real-time motion monitoring, handwriting recognition, and electrocardiogram detection. [Emim]Br acted as a multifunctional agent that enhanced mechanical properties (toughness: 441 kJ·m–3, strength: 124 kPa, elongation: 840%) and conferred both antifreezing (freezing point: −28.65 °C) and antibacterial capabilities. Moreover, the chemical reaction between Fe3+ and TA can promote rapid gelation. This work underscored the versatile role of [Emim]Br and provided a viable strategy for the development of multistimulus-responsive wearable sensor devices based on hydrogels.
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Separations
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2026
·Vol. 13
·期 9
·254
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IF 3.5
Shanmei Li,Mingxuan Li,Jianping Meng,Ligang Yu
Rapid and accurate quantification of residual guar gum in bauxite slurry flocculation is a critical bottleneck for closed-loop control of flocculant dosage. In this study, we systematically compared the anti-interference performance of the two UV-Vis spectrophotometer approaches, the single-wavelength absorbance method (A263) and the peak-trough difference method (ΔA), in complex slurry matrices. Our results revealed that the two methods respond differently to pH and salt concentration variations, leading to the proposal of a dual-mode synergistic detection strategy. The A263method provides quantification under the specific conditions tested within the ranges of pH 3.0–8.0 and CaCl2concentration below 4.5 mmol/L. Beyond these boundaries, deviations from the Beer-Lambert law occurred, attributable to conformational transitions or salting-out aggregation of the polymer chains. In contrast, the ΔA method partially mitigated background drift through differential calculation and exhibited a more stable signal trend than A263across the tested ranges (pH 2.0–11.0, CaCl20–18 mmol/L), suggesting its potential utility as a semi-quantitative indicator in challenging matrices. However, its quantitative precision was constrained by small absolute signal values and systematic dependence on pH and salt conditions. Based on these findings, we propose a synergistic strategy-preferring the A263method under routine conditions while recommending the ΔA method for high-salinity or wide-pH scenarios- and accordingly define the preliminary applicability boundaries based on signal response observations at a single concentration. Flocculation–sedimentation tests confirmed that the method successfully determined the optimum dosage (5.0 g/kg dry slurry), at which the residual concentration in the supernatant correlated negatively with the sedimentation rate (R2> 0.95). The supernatant matrix after sedimentation (pH ≈ 7.1, low ionic strength) fell exactly within the safe window. This work provides a methodological reference for spectrophotometric quantification of trace organics in turbid, saline, and pH-variable slurry systems, and lays an analytical foundation for intelligent dosage control in bauxite slurry dewatering.
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Frontiers in Chemistry
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2021
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IF 5.221
Zhu Xinwei,Chen Yingxi,Xie Renjian,Zhong Haijian,Zhao Weidong,Liu Yang,Yang Hui
In this paper, guar gum (GG) hydrogel has been successfully prepared by adding GG and Cu2+ mixture into an alkaline medium. The formation mechanism of the hydrogel has been investigated through various techniques. Results reveal GG facilitates the formation of ultrafine copper hydroxide clusters with a diameter of ∼3 nm. Moreover, these nanoclusters bring about a rapid gelling of GG within 10 ms. The synthesized hydrogel is applied to the adsorption of heavy metal ions from wastewater. The hydrogel shows excellent removal efficiency in removing various heavy metal ions. Besides, the hydrogel derived porous carbon exhibits high specific capacitance (281 F/g at 1 A/g) and excellent rate capacity. The high contaminant removal efficiency character and excellent electrochemical performance endow GG hydrogel with potential applications in the environmental and energy storage field.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2018
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IF 3.412
Nan Li,Chuanjie Liu,Wei Chen
In this work, we prepare guar gum-based supramolecular hydrogel through the formation of borate/didiol bonds. This dynamic and reversible noncovalent borate/didiol interaction is critical for the multifunctional properties of supramolecular hydrogel. The FT-IR and XRD analysis verified the existence of boronate ester interactions between borax and guar gum. Moreover, the viscoelastic and mechanical behaviors of the hydrogels with different guar gum concentrations showed that the storage modulus and compressive stress were highest at guar gum concentration of 2 wt %. Besides, due to the dynamic and reservable properties of boronate ester, these guar gum-based hydrogels had excellent self-healing property, outstanding reformable and injectable capability. In addition, hydrogels also exhibited reversible gel–sol transformations by the application of physicochemical stimuli such as thermal and pH value. The coupling of these multifunctional properties made from low-cost, environment friendly, and readily available materials could have potential applications in many biomedical areas in the future. We expect that this simple strategy of fabricating the self-healing guar gum hydrogels with multistimuli responsive properties may enrich the avenue in the exploration of multifunctional guar gum based hydrogels to expand their potential applications in various fields.
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SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
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2019
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IF 1.961
Qihui Huang,Xiaochen Qian,Tianjia Jiang,Xiaolin Zheng
The effect of chitosan (CH) (1%) along with guar gum (GG) (5, 15, and 25%) on the quality of shiitake mushroom ( Lentinus edodes ) stored at 4 ± 1 °C for 16 days was investigated. The results indicated that shiitake mushroom coated with CH 1% + GG 15% maintained higher tissue firmness, and slowed the rate of declines in soluble protein and ascorbic acid , as well as increases in total soluble solids, reducing sugar, malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage. Similarly, the effect of CH 1% + GG 15% coating in improving the overall quality of shiitake mushroom was identified through sensory evaluation. Moreover, the result of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that subcellular elements could be scarcely observed in uncoated mushrooms at the end of storage, and destructive symptoms in shiitake mushroom were significantly mitigated by the CH 1% + GG 15% coating. Thus, it was suggested that the CH 1% + GG 15% coating might be used commercially for maintaining the quality of shiitake mushroom during long-term storage.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
·
IF 7.7
Mengxin Hu,Hao Zhang,Jian Yang,Bin Lu,Haibing Cao,Zhengbai Cheng,Xiaofeng Lyu,Hongbin Liu,Xingye An
Softness is a crucial criterion in assessing the comfort and usability of tissue paper. Flexible fibers contribute to the softness of the tissue paper by allowing the sheets to conform to the contours of the skin without feeling rough or abrasive. This study focuses on developing innovative CGG/APAM/PDA hydrogels with interpenetrating networks consisting of cationic guar gum, anionic polyacrylamide, and polydopamine for cellulase immobilization, aimed at improving bamboo fiber flexibility. Cellulase biomolecules are efficiently immobilized on CGG/APAM/PDA hydrogels through the Schiff base reaction. Immobilized cellulases have a wider pH applicability than free cellulases, good storage stability, and can maintain high relative activity at relatively high temperatures. The treatment of bamboo fibers with immobilized cellulase results in a significant increase in flexibility, reaching 6.90 × 10 14 N·m 2 , which is 7.18 times higher than that of untreated fibers. The immobilization of cellulases using CGG/APAM/PDA hydrogels as carriers results in a substantial enhancement of storage stability, pH applicability, and inter-fiber bonding strength, as well as the capacity to sustain high relative enzymatic activity at elevated temperatures. The immobilization of cellulase within CGG/APAM/PDA interpenetrating network hydrogels presents a viable strategy for enhancing bamboo fiber flexibility, thereby expanding the accessibility of tissue products.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Suping Ji,Wenjuan Wang,Yulin Huang,Qiang Xia
Mucoadhesive films based on tamarind seed polysaccharide and guar gum (TSP-GG) were formulated for buccal delivery of resveratrol. Resveratrol-bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (Res-BSA) were prepared and dispersed in TSP-GG to improve its buccal mucoadhesiveness. The impregnation of Res-BSA induced the dense internal structures of TSP-GG and improved its strength and rigidity. Structural characterization showed that resveratrol existed in an amorphous state in the films containing Res-BSA, and hydrogen bonding was formed between Res-BSA and the film matrices. The films containing Res-BSA exhibited good uniformity in thickness, weight, and resveratrol content, and their surface pH was near neutral, ranging between 6.78 and 7.09. Increasing Res-BSA content reduced the water contact angle of TSP-GG (from 75.9° to 59.6°). The swelling and erosion studies indicated the favorable hydration capacity and erosion resistance of the films containing Res-BSA. Additionally, the addition of Res-BSA imparted enhanced ex vivo mucoadhesive force, in the range of 1.53 N to 1.98 N, and extended ex vivo residence time, between 17.9 h and 18.9 h, to TSP-GG. The current study implied that the composite systems of TSP-GG and Res-BSA may be a novel platform for buccal mucosal delivery of resveratrol.
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