ACS Applied Electronic Materials
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2026
·
IF 4.7
Quanbin Ma,Zhihua Zheng,Rui Li,Shi Feng,Juqi Wang,Haoyang Chen,Hongjun Qian,Fangping Ouyang,Xiaolong Yao,Shishang Guo
Flexible piezoelectric sensors with high output and long-term stability are critically limited by low polar phase content and inefficient interfacial electromechanical coupling in polymer-based systems. Here, we report a high-performance flexible piezoelectric sensor based on a PDA-engineered PDA@KNN/P(VDF-TrFE) electrospun composite, achieving simultaneous enhancement of β-phase crystallinity, interfacial stress transfer, and piezoelectric output. Owing to the bioinspired PDA interfacial layer and electrospinning-induced chain alignment, the optimized composite exhibits an ultrahigh β-phase fraction of 85.5%, significantly higher than pristine P(VDF-TrFE) (∼51%). The piezoelectric sensor delivers a high output voltage of 30 V, an ultrasensitive pressure response of 0.48 V·kPa–1, and excellent durability with <3% signal degradation over 3000 loading cycles, outperforming most reported PVDF-based piezoelectric sensors. First-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that PDA-mediated interfacial coupling significantly lowers the interfacial formation energy (−3.27 eV), induces directional charge transfer, and reduces the work function, thereby enhancing interfacial polarization and electromechanical response. Furthermore, the sensor is successfully integrated into a self-powered smart wrist pressure monitoring system, enabling real-time detection of mechanical stimuli during fitness training. This work demonstrates a performance-driven interfacial engineering strategy for high-output, durable, and lead-free flexible piezoelectric sensors, with strong potential for wearable electronics and self-powered sensing applications.
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ACS Applied Electronic Materials
·
2026
·
IF 4.7
Yue Shen,Ying Liu,Yao Jiang,Jingtao Wang,Zheng Li
By blending P(VDF-TrFE) with PVDF-HFP and introducing a small amount of ZnO, a composite film system with both mechanical flexibility and electrical responsiveness was constructed. The effects of the TrFE/HFP ratio and hot rolling temperature on the mechanical behavior and strain-induced electrical response of the films were systematically studied. The results show that the introduction of HFP improves film ductility, while a higher TrFE content enhances load bearing capability and electrical response. Among the investigated compositions, the TrFE80/HFP20 composite containing 1.08 wt % surface-modified ZnO showed a good balance between electrical response and mechanical compliance. After hot rolling, the films processed at 65 °C showed stable mechanical behavior at low to moderate strain and produced clear open circuit voltage signals under stretching. Clear electrical signals were also observed under thermal perturbation. Based on these results, the selected composite film was used to fabricate flexible strain sensors, demonstrating promising potential for practical applications.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2026
·
IF 6.7
Bowei Liu,Rui Feng,Ling Zhou,Peng Su,Guanghui Zhao,Lijie Dong
The efficiency of strain-mediated magnetoelectric (ME) coupling is fundamentally governed by the fidelity of stress transfer across the interface between magnetostrictive and piezoelectric phases. In polymer-based nanocomposites, however, mechanical energy is often dissipated due to viscoelastic damping at interfaces, which severely limits the energy transduction efficiency. Herein, we fabricated flexible P(VDF-TrFE)-based ME nanocomposites through an intrinsically anchored strategy to enhance the interfacial stress transfer. By directing the growth of magnetic CoFe 2 O 4 on self-assembled s PPTA/BTAc aromatic backbones, we created intrinsically anchored magnetic nanofibers (IAM NFs) with skeleton-integrated nanostructure. In this geometric-chemical hybrid structure, molecular templates are interwoven with the magnetic phase, providing an aromatic backbone for direct stress conduction and abundant functional groups for molecular-level interlocking with polymer chains. Consequently, the composite achieves highly efficient strain-mediated ME coupling of 42.8 mV·cm −1 ·Oe −1 at an exceptionally low filler content of 1 wt%. By optimizing interfacial efficacy rather than increased filler content, the ME nanocomposite films maintain exceptional lightweight and flexibility, evidenced by breaking elongation of 23.3%. This work provides a strategic pathway for developing high-performance, lightweight, flexible electronics through rational interfacial engineering and morphological control.
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Microstructures
·
2026
·Vol. 6
·期 2
·N
·
IF 8.5
Silin Tang\u003Csup\u003E1,2\u003C\u002Fsup\u003E,Yingzhi Meng\u003Csup\u003E3\u003C\u002Fsup\u003E,Dongyuan Li\u003Csup\u003E1,2\u003C\u002Fsup\u003E,Guoxiang Zhang\u003Csup\u003E1,2\u003C\u002Fsup\u003E,Laijun Liu\u003Csup\u003E3\u003C\u002Fsup\u003E,Qingqing Ke\u003Csup\u003E1,2\u003C\u002Fsup\u003E
Electrocaloric (EC) cooling represents a promising solid-state approach for next-generation thermal management. However, achieving substantial temperature modulation remains a challenge due to intrinsic material limitations and inefficient energy conversion. Herein, we focus on microstructure regulation to enhance thermal conductivity and EC performance. A hydroxyl-functionalized Ba0.63Sr0.37Zr0.01(Ti0.999Mn0.001)0.99O3 (BSZMT-OH) and h-BNNS-OH composite was designed, with enhanced interfacial hydrogen bonding to optimize electric field response in a P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) matrix. Finite element analysis (FEA) and piezo response force microscopy (PFM) reveal strengthened interfacial coupling, which facilitates rapid domain switching kinetics by amplifying tetragonal P4mm phase responses. These enhancements yield a peak EC temperature change (ΔT) of 1.59 K under a low electric field of 40 MV/m in the optimized 6% BSZMT-OH@4 h-BNNS-OH (6@4BNNS) composite. Integrated into a double-layer four-section electrocaloric cooling (DL 4 EC) device, it cools from 70 to 23 °C in 23 s, outperforming water cooling. Our findings offer insights into EC mechanisms and present a high-performance thermal management strategy.
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JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2025
·
IF 7.9
Lei Liu,Kaiqi Wu,Liyuan Huang,Liang Lan,Dong Cheng,Hanyu Yi,Xin Ao,Yecheng Liu,Chengjin Peng,Shan Fang
Composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs) used in solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLBs) continue to face challenges, including a gradual rise in interfacial resistance and unchecked growth of lithium dendrites. Herein, a flexible and mechanically robust sandwich-structured CSE membrane is constructed, features poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) containing 4 wt% Li 6.4 La 3 Zr 1.4 Ta 0.6 O 12 (LLZTO) used on the top and bottom, with a central layer compose of 70 wt% LLZTO with P(VDF-TrFE), refers to PTL4. The flexible outer layers enriched in polymer, provide excellent electrode contact, while the rigid middle layer characterized by a high content of LLZTO, effectively impedes lithium dendrite penetration and enhances Li + conductivity. The as prepared PTL4 exhibits high ionic conductivity of 1.02 × 10 −4 S cm −1 at 30 °C, a wide electrochemical window up to 4.9 V, and outstanding mechanical properties (tensile strength of 8.9 MPa and 150 % strain). The symmetric Li|PTL4|Li cells demonstrate stable cycling performance for over 1500 h at 30 °C. Moreover, Li|PTL4|LiFePO 4 cells maintain exceptional capacity of 98 % after 250 cycles at a high rate of 0.5C, accompanied by an average Coulombic efficiency exceeding 99.5 %. Furthermore, the fabricated pouch cells are characterized by their foldability, cutability, and puncture resistance, underscoring their potential to enhance battery safety.
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ACS Applied Electronic Materials
·
2026
·
IF 4.7
Runze Zhang,Anyi Ren,Yunchuan Xie,Ba Qin,Tao Lu,Jie Xiong,Zeya Zhang,Lu Wang,Zhicheng Zhang
Flexible piezoelectric sensors offer excellent wearability and easy integration, making them attractive for smart devices and health monitoring. However, their low piezoelectric coefficient (d33) limits widespread use. In this study, surface-coated barium titanate nanoparticles (mBT) with a core–shell structure were synthesized and incorporated into P(VDF-TrFE) to form composite films. The film containing 10 wt % mBT showed a dielectric constant of 20 at 103 Hz, a 31% increase in residual polarization (7.82 μC·cm–2), a 30% reduction in coercive field (40 MV/m), and a 58% enhancement in quasi-static d33 (41 pC/N) compared with the pure polymer. These improvements arise from enhanced interfacial interactions and phase compatibility due to the mBT core–shell design, which promotes β-phase formation in the polymer matrix. A flexible sensor fabricated from the optimized composite displayed superior pressure sensitivity and linearity (R2 > 0.999). Its dynamic d33 and voltage coefficient (g33) reached 42 pC/N and 244 mV·m/N, improving by 66% and 35%, respectively. The sensor accurately detected low-frequency vibrations (0.5–50 Hz), highlighting the potential of core–shell nanoparticle modification for developing high-sensitivity, low-frequency flexible piezoelectric sensors.
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TALANTA
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Zhenji Zhou,Xiaoqing Guan,Hai Jiang,Weimin Xia,Shaoyun Huang
Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and its copolymer-based piezoelectric composites are widely used in piezoelectric sensors to facilitate efficient energy conversion due to their flexibility and high electromechanical coupling properties. In this study, we introduce a piezoelectric nanogenerator (PENG) that utilizes BaTiO 3 –Nb 2 O 5 @PDA@MWCNTs/P(VDF-TrFE) composite films (BNP-MCP) for detecting environmental mechanical stimuli and enabling wireless monitoring. Notably, adding 5 wt% BaTiO 3 –Nb 2 O 5 @PDA@MWCNTs increases the dielectric constant (εᵣ)of BNP-MCP to 21.8 from the 14.8 of pristine P(VDF-TrFE) at 100 Hz, thereby enhancing the PENG's output performance by improving the charge density. By optimizing the BaTiO 3 –Nb 2 O 5 @PDA content in the P(VDF-TrFE) matrix, the fabricated PENG is characterized by an output voltage of 7.5 V and a maximum power density of 4.52 μW cm −2 . This optimized PENG maintains stable performance after 4500 bending-releasing cycles and exhibits high sensitivity in detecting diverse mechanical stimuli, spanning from subtle perturbations (e.g., leaf fall and insect crawling) to intense impacts (e.g., water flow and human jumping). Additionally, an autonomous all-weather rainfall monitoring system leverages wirelessly received piezoelectric signals to trigger real-time precipitation alerts with three-tier warning thresholds: light rain, moderate rain, and heavy rain. This study establishes a sustainable monitoring framework for agricultural and environmental applications, advancing next-generation self-powered sensing technologies.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2019
·Vol. 30
·期 8
·7725-7732
·
IF 2.195
Ullah S.,Han Z.,Zheng Guangping
The nanocomposites consisting of graphene oxide (GO) and ferroelectric copolymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] have been successfully synthesized by a co-evaporation method. The structural, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of the composite papers are investigated. The Raman spectroscopy analyses on the nanocomposites GO/P(VDF-TrFE) reveal that the defects in GOs are reduced significantly by the loading of ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE). The I G /I D ratio increases from 1.02 (for pure GO) to 1.17 [for GO/P(VDF-TrFE)-10%], revealing that the defects are reduced by the introduction of the nano-fillers due to a strong interaction between GO and P(VDF-TrFE) in the nanocomposites. The permittivity of the nanocomposites is enhanced by almost 3-times as compared to that of the pristine GOs. The nanocomposites show a notably raised polarization with high applied electric field. Furthermore, due to the high dielectric constants, the electrical energy storage density of the nanocomposites is as high as ~ 39.89 J cm −3 at 2.8 MV cm −1 . The large energy density and high dielectric break down strength suggest that GO/P(VDF-TrFE) could be the promising novel materials for electrical energy storage.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
·
物理学
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Nano Energy
·
2020
·
IF 16.602
Xiaoyang Guan,Bingang Xu,Jianliang Gong
Flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (FPENGs) have attracted a great attention owing to their promising applications in harvesting mechanical energy and driving portable devices. To develop high-performance FPENGs, the significant relationship among material, structure and performance inspired us a rational design of FPENGs from Pdop-BaTiO 3 @P(VDF-TrFE) nanocomposite fiber mats with a hierarchically architected microstructure. In contrast with previous approaches, the polydopamine (Pdop) modified barium titanate (BaTiO 3 , BT) nanoparticles have been anchored onto the surface of electrospun poly (vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) P(VDF-TrFE) fibers to fabricate hierarchical micro-structured membrane in this study, which not only effectively avoids the agglomeration of nanofillers but also enhances the density of interfaces in the nanocomposites. As a result, the as-fabricated FPENGs show a significantly enhanced output of 6 V and 1.5 μA as compared to the PENG with only P(VDF-TrFE) membrane (1.25 V and 0.6 μA). Furthermore, output voltage of the new FPENGs is 40%–68% higher than that of composite membranes with nanoparticles at the interior of nanofibers . The improved output of the PENG is attributed to the high density of interfaces in the hierarchical microstructure and the corresponding enhancement of dielectric response. Then, electric performance of FPENGs was investigated in terms of force, frequency and load resistance. Finally, the FPENG was employed to efficiently detect human body movements as self-powered sensors. The hierarchical nanocomposite membrane designed in this study provides an effective approach for developing mechanical energy harvesters , wearable sensor network and self-powered devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
·
传感器技术
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2024
·Vol. 36
·期 33
·2405024
·
IF 27.4
Mingsheng Gao,Xiangqian Lu,Yuying Yang,Wei Qin
Organic multiferroic heterostructure is one of the most promising structures for the future design of high-density flexible energy-efficient data storage. Here, organic ferromagnetic metal(tetracyanoethylene) (M(TCNE)) x /ferroelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF-TrFE)) multiferroic heterostructures are fabricated, where the excited state in M(TCNE) x interacted with localized dipole in P(VDF-TrFE) provides a key link for the interfacial coupling. Thus, aligned dipoles in P(VDF-TrFE) by external electric field can affect the magnetization of Fe(TCNE) x effectively to result in a pronounced magnetization–voltage ( M – V ) hysteresis loop. Moreover, light-induced electron-hole pairs in Fe(TCNE) x with long lifetime effectively interact with the dipoles in P(VDF-TrFE) to lead to an effect in external light control of electric polarization of P(VDF-TrFE). Overall, the organic multiferroic heterostructure provides the possibility of realizing two storage modes, light control of dipole as well as electric field control of spin, which can broaden multifunctional applications of organic multiferroic materials in the area of multistate storage.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Sijia Miao,Zhaoyue Yang,Yujian Du,Yuljae Cho
Incorporation of ferroelectric materials into perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has been demonstrated as an effective approach to elevating the device performance. Dipole polarization of the ferroelectric material can be tuned by an external bias, facilitating the charge transport of PSCs. However, fundamental challenges still exist to utilize the ferroelectric effect in PSCs because the external bias leads to ion migration of the perovskites, deteriorating the performance and long-term stability of the devices. In this study, we report an effective method to improve the spontaneous polarization of the ferroelectric polymer incorporated in a quasi-two-dimensional (2D) perovskite without utilizing the external bias. The solvent engineering strategy effectively enhances the ferroelectric phase and crystallinity of the ferroelectric polymer, improving the local electric field and consequently enhancing charge transport. In addition, the solvent strategy offers the formation of a smooth surface as well as a favorable crystal orientation, leading to a reduced defect density in the quasi-2D perovskite films. Attributed to the dual effects, a significant improvement of the power conversion efficiency is achieved from 6.27 to 14.83%, and it is further improved to 16.65% through fine-tuning of the functional layers’ thickness. We believe that the method reported offers an avenue for designing the quasi-2D perovskite without the requirement for structural modification of the PSCs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
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PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
·
2020
·Vol. 22
·期 23
·13143-13153
·
IF 3.43
Pu Mao,Jiping Wang,Lixue Zhang,Qinzhao Sun,Xixia Liu,Liqiang He,Shujuan Liu,Siwen Zhang,Hao Gong
Polymer dielectrics with high dielectric performances and superior discharge energy capability are highly desirable for advanced electrostatic capacitor applications. However, the paradoxical relationship between dielectric polarization and electric breakdown behavior generally hinder their further enhancement in energy storage performances. Herein, polymer blended composite films with high energy storage capability were successfully fabricated by blending together poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) polymer and poly(vinylidene fluoride–trifluoroethylene–chlorofluoroethylene) (P(VDF–TrFE–CFE)) terpolymer. The P(VDF–TrFE–CFE) terpolymer has a high dielectric constant to provide a large electric displacement under an applied electric field far below its breakdown field, which is anticipated to modulate the dielectric polarization behavior of PVDF polymer when blended in different proportions. Consequently, the polymer blended composite film consisting of 20 wt% (P(VDF–TrFE–CFE)) terpolymer exhibits a high discharge energy density of 13.63 J cm−3 at an enhanced breakdown strength of 480 MV m−1. This obtained high discharge energy density is 84% higher than the pure PVDF film and 582% higher than a commercialized biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP). Large interfacial polarization and strong interaction of polymer chains between the PVDF polymer and P(VDF–TrFE–CFE) terpolymer may contribute to the tunable dielectric constant and electric breakdown strength, thus promoting the energy storage capability. This work establishes a facile, but effective approach to achieve the high energy storage capability of PVDF polymer-based flexible composite films for capacitive energy storage applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
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