Catalysts
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·311
·
IF 3.8
Changzhao Chen,Zhe Yuan,Shenshen Sun,Jiacai Xie,Kunfeng Zhang,Yuanzheng Zhai,Rui Zuo,Erping Bi,Yufang Tao,Quanwei Song
Soil contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been an environmental issue worldwide, which aggravates the ecological risks faced by animals, plants, and humans. In this work, the composites of nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on carbonylated activated carbon (nZVI-CAC) were prepared and applied to activate persulfate (PS) for the degradation of PAHs in contaminated soil. The prepared nZVI-CAC catalyst was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that the PS/nZVI-CAC system was superior for phenanthrene (PHE) oxidation than other processes using different oxidants (PS/nZVI-CAC > PMS/nZVI-CAC > H2O2/nZVI-CAC) and it was also efficient for the degradation of other six PAHs with different structures and molar weights. Under optimal conditions, the lowest and highest degradation efficiencies for the selected PAHs were 60.8% and 90.7%, respectively. Active SO4−•and HO•were found to be generated on the surface of the catalysts, and SO4−•was dominant for PHE oxidation through quenching experiments. The results demonstrated that the heterogeneous process using activated PS with nZVI-CAC was effective for PAH degradation, which could provide a theoretical basis for the remediation of PAH-polluted soil.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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土壤修复
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2025
·
IF 8.4
Zhaoyue Sun,Yingying Gu,Xiuxia Zhang,Yunping Tong,Longgang Chu,Long Cang,Dongmei Zhou
Conventional electrokinetic in-situ chemical oxidation (EK-ISCO) suffers from inefficient oxidant utilization and secondary contamination due to external oxidant dependency. To address these limitations, this study developed a dual-anode electrokinetic (EK-DAO) system integrating electroosmotic transport and in-situ electrochemical oxidation for remediating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-contaminated soil without external oxidants. The dual-anode configuration integrated a graphite electrode serving as both the anode and cathode for electrokinetic transport, in series with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode for the generation of radicals. By optimizing surfactant selection and maintaining the electrolyte pH at 8.0, the system achieved effective and sustained electroosmotic transport of PAHs to the BDD anode, resulting in a 79.6 % enhancement in electroosmotic flow compared to the system without pH control. The BDD anode demonstrated superior •OH production (87 μM at 20 mA cm −2 ), enabling efficient degradation of PAHs transported to the electrode chamber. Mechanistic analysis revealed •OH, SO 4 • - , and direct electron transfer as primary contributors for PAHs degradation, with degradation kinetics influenced by the structure of PAHs and coexisting anions. With slight variations in soil properties and soil enzyme activities, EK-DAO exhibited environmental sustainability. This work successfully achieved in-situ removal of PAHs from soils and their subsequent anode oxidation, establishing EK-DAO as a sustainable and high-efficiency strategy for soil remediation that eliminates the need for external oxidants.
研究领域:
环境工程
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土壤修复
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电化学
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污染控制
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可持续技术
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CONTROL
·
2020
·
IF 4.258
Yuzhu Li,Kezhou Cai,Gaofeng Hu,Qianhui Gu,Peijun Li,Baocai Xu,Conggui Chen
The influence of six sodium-reducing treatments (F2: 0.6% KCl+1.8% NaCl; F3: 0.6% CaCl 2 +1.8% NaCl; F4: 0.36% KCit+0.24% KCl+1.8% NaCl; F5: 0.12% MgCl 2 +0.48% CaCl 2 +1.8% NaCl; F6: 0.36% KL+0.24% KCl+1.8% NaCl; F7: 0.36% CaL+0.24% KCl+1.8% NaCl) on the formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in baked bacon was evaluated. Compared with the total amount of the four PAH 4 (10.08 μg/kg) in the control F1 group without sodium reduction, including (benzo [ a ]anthracene (BaA), chrysene (CHR), benzo [ b ]fluoranthene (BbFA), and benzo [ a ]pyrene (BaP), the application of F3 (6.37 μg/kg), F5 (6.25 μg/kg), F6 (5.85 μg/kg) and F7 (5.56 μg/kg) reduced the content of the PAH4 (P < 0.05), while the treatment of F4 (16.60 μg/kg) increased the concentration of the PAH 4 (P < 0.05). The correlation analysis showed that the occurrence of PAH4 was significantly correlated with the pH and b* value (P < 0.05). The determination of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content suggested that the influence of substitute salts on the PAH4 was related to Maillard reactions . A pH adjustment rescued the impact of the substitute salts on the b* value, the HMF content and the formation of PAH4, revealing that pH variations played a vital role in substitute salts influencing the generation of PAH4. Sodium sulphite decreased the b* value, the amount of the HMF and the concentration of PAH4 (P < 0.05), which further verified that substitute salts influence the formation of PAHs in sodium-reduced bacon in a mechanism involving Maillard reactions.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 5.6
Meng Zhou,Yanfei Wei,Wei Zhang,Chi Zhang,Xiangwu Yao,Baolan Hu
Arsenic (As) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) frequently co-occur in industrial soils and act as persistent stressors that reshape soil ecological processes. However, it remains unclear how long-term As–PAH co-contamination influences pollutant redistribution, microbial community organization, and microbial functional allocation under chronic stress. In this study, gravity-driven soil column systems were established to simulate PAH contamination (30 mg/kg) with different As levels (0, 300, and 600 mg/kg) and operated continuously for 270 days. Long-term co-contamination altered the soil-profile redistribution of both PAHs and As. Compared with the PAHs-only treatment, co-contaminated treatments showed greater retention of PAHs in deeper soil layers (>30 cm), while As underwent pronounced vertical redistribution and a progressive shift toward As(V)-dominated profiles during prolonged incubation. Microbial community analysis showed that co-contamination reduced microbial abundance, strengthened deterministic community assembly, and increased network size, connectivity, clustering, and robustness. The dominant genus shifted from Micrococcaceae _unclassified in the PAHs-only treatment to Rhodococcus in the co-contaminated treatments, indicating selection toward more stress-tolerant and contaminant-responsive taxa. Metagenomic analysis further showed coordinated enrichment of stress-response genes, As metabolism genes, and PAH degradation genes, especially under high As loading. These results indicate that long-term As–PAH co-contamination acts as a profile-scale ecological filter that reshapes soil microbial communities and redirects microbial functional allocation toward stress tolerance, detoxification, and contaminant-associated metabolism.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
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2026
·Vol. 131
·期 18
·e2026JD047458
·
IF 3.8
Ruidong Zhang,Kun Li,Yifan Zhou,Li Xu,Aijing Song,Jie Hu,Xiaowen Chen,Kuanyun Hu,Xueqi Ma,Huiwen Ding,Jianlong Li,Lin Du
Biomass burning (BB) emits large amounts of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and is an important source of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Recent studies suggest that, compared with gas-phase oxidation, the oxidation of BB-emitted organics in atmospheric aqueous phases can substantially enhance the formation of aqueous SOA (aqSOA). However, the aqueous-phase transformation and environmental fate of PAHs from BB remain poorly understood. This study reports the OH-initiated aqueous-phase oxidation kinetics and reaction mechanisms of three representative biomass-burning PAHs: naphthalene (NAP), acenaphthene (ACE), and acenaphthylene (ACY). The second-order aqueous-phase rate constants for reactions with OH were measured to be (1.63 ± 0.55) × 10 10 , (3.37 ± 1.15) × 10 10 , and (2.07 ± 0.70) × 10 10 M −1 s −1 for NAP, ACE, and ACY, respectively. The estimated aqueous-phase lifetimes were generally shorter than the corresponding gas-phase lifetimes under the representative OH conditions considered here, highlighting the potential importance of atmospheric aqueous environments in promoting the aging and transformation of these PAHs. Product analysis and pathway inference showed that NAP and ACE preferentially formed lower-carbon, more highly oxidized products, whereas ACY more readily produced oxygenated products that retained larger carbon skeletons. Furthermore, this study identified six previously unreported aqueous-phase oxidation products, reflecting ongoing oxidation and structure-dependent patterns of product evolution. Field observations showed that five newly identified products were also detected in ambient PM 2.5 samples, supporting the atmospheric relevance of the laboratory-identified products. These results improve our understanding of the aqueous-phase transformation of PAHs and their potential contribution to aqSOA formation.
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高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 29
·期 59
·88989-89001
·
IF 5.19
Huang Qiao,Zhou Mingzhu,Zhou Jinjin,Chu Longgang,Cang Long
Electrokinetic (EK) remediation technology can enhance the migration of reagents to soil and is especially suitable for in situ remediation of low permeability contaminated soil. Due to the long aging time and strong hydrophobicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from historically polluted soil, some enhanced reagents (oxidant, activator, and surfactant) were used to increase the mobility of PAHs, and remove and degrade PAHs in soil. However, under the electrical field, there are few reports on the roles and combined effect of oxidant, activator, and surfactant for remediation of PAHs historically contaminated soil. In the present study, sodium persulfate (PS, oxidant, 100 g L −1 ) or/and Tween 80 (TW80, surfactant, 50 g L −1 ) were added to the anolyte, and citric acid chelated iron(II) (CA-Fe(II), activator, 0.10 mol L −1 ) was added to catholyte to explore the roles and contribution of enhanced reagents and combined effect on PAHs removal in soil. A constant voltage of 20 V was applied and the total experiment duration was 10 days. The results showed that the removal rate of PAHs in each treatment was PS + CA-Fe(II) (21.3%) > PS + TW80 + CA-Fe(II) (19.9%) > PS (17.4%) > PS + TW80 (11.4%) > TW80 (8.1%) > CK (7.5%). The combination of PS and CA-Fe(II) had the highest removal efficiency of PAHs, and CA-Fe(II) in the catholyte could be transported toward anode via electromigration. The addition of TW80 reduced the electroosmotic flow and inhibited the transport of PS from anolyte to the soil, which decreased the removal of PAHs (from 17.4 to 11.4% with PS, from 21.3 to 19.9% with PS+CA-Fe(II)). The calculation of contribution rates showed that PS was the strongest enhancer (3.3~9.9%), followed by CA-Fe(II) (3.9~8.5%) (with PS), and the contribution of TW80 was small and even negative (−1.4~0.6%). The above results indicated that the combined application of oxidant and activator was conducive to the removal of PAHs, while the addition of surfactant reduced the EOF and the migration of oxidant and further reduced the PAHs removal efficiency. The present study will help to further understand the role of enhanced reagents (especially surfactant) during enhanced EK remediation of PAHs historically contaminated soil.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤修复
·
污染治理
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 10.588
Lige Zhang,Xiaoyu Qiu,Ling Huang,Jijun Xu,Weiwei Wang,Zhao Li,Ping Xu,Hongzhi Tang
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widely distributed in the environment and pose a serious threat to human health. Due to their unfavorable biological effects and persistent properties, it is extremely urgent to effectively degrade PAHs that are present in the environment, especially in wastewater. In this study, we obtained an efficient bacterial consortium (PDMC), consisting of the genera Sphingobium (58.57−72.40%) and Pseudomonas (25.93−39.75%), which is able to efficiently utilize phenanthrene or dibenzothiophene as the sole carbon source. The phenanthrene-cultivated consortium could also degrade naphthalene , acenaphthene, fluorene, anthracene , fluoranthene , benzo[ a ]anthracene, dibenzofuran , carbazole and indole , respectively. Furthermore, we identified the multiple key intermediates of aforementioned 11 substrates and discussed proposed pathways involved. Notably, a novel intermediate 1,2-dihydroxy-4a,9a-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione of anthracene degradation was detected, which is extremely rare compared to previous reports. The PDMC consortium removed 100% of PAHs within 5 days in the small-scale wastewater bioremediation added with PAHs mixture, with a sludge settling velocity of 5% after 10 days of incubation. Experiments on the stability reveal the PDMC consortium always has excellent degrading ability for totaling 24 days. Combined with the microbial diversity analysis, the results suggest the PDMC consortium is a promising candidate to facilitate the bioremediation of PAHs-contaminated environments.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 9.136
Jing Ji,Xianbo Sun,Weiyu He,Yongdi Liu,Jun Duan,Wen Liu,Long D. Nghiem,Qilin Wang,Zhengqing Cai
A new type of solar active carbon-doped Bi 3 O 4 Br catalyst was synthesized by combining hydrothermal and post-thermal treatment. The activity of the material under sunlight and visible light was 3.3 times and 2.7 times that of Bi 3 O 4 Br, respectively. The C-doping on Bi 3 O 4 Br nanosheets increased the built-in electric field strength , thus significantly promoted the migration of charge carriers and enhanced the photocatalytic activity. In addition, replacing Br with C with a smaller atomic radius can shorten the interlayer spacing, which is beneficial to carrier separation. Experiments showed that the doping of C shortened the semiconductor band gap by 9.8% and expanded the absorption range of visible light. Among the photogenerated reactive species, h + played a major role in the degradation of 1-methylpyrene (a typical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), followed by O 2 ∙ - and •OH. Based on intermediate analysis and DFT calculation, we proposed the degradation mechanism and pathways. Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) analysis showed that some toxic intermediates were produced during the photocatalysis process, but the overall environmental risk was greatly reduced. This work provides new perspective for understanding non-metallic doping in semiconductor photocatalysts to enhance the built-in electric field, and this technology can be extended to other semiconductor materials.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2022
·
IF 14.224
Zijin Liu,Xianbo Sun,Jie Fu,Wen Liu,Zhengqing Cai
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are frequently released in aqueous phase by oil spill or from other sources, and photochemical oxidation is one of their major weathering processes. In this study, the photochemical behavior of phenanthrene (PHE, as a representative PAH) were studied and the effects of nitrogenous compounds were evaluated. The results showed that nitrate was an effective photosensitizer for improving the photodegradation of PHE, but the promoting effect was less effective in seawater due to the presence of halogen ions; the ammonia played a negligible role on PHE degradation. The photochemical ionization was a key process for PHE degradation, it can be retarded due to the quenching of triplet excited state by dissolved oxygen, and the inhibition was most prominent in fresh water. The presence of nitrate increased the steady state concentration of •OH from 2.08 × 10 −15 M to 1.04 × 10 −14 M in fresh water, and from 1.5 × 10 −16 M to 2.08 × 10 −15 M in seawater. The secondary-order reaction rate constant between PHE and •OH ( k • OH , PHE ) was determined as 5.70 × 10 9 M −1 s −1 . Similar trend was observed for 1 O 2 . The contribution of •OH to PHE removal was more prominent in fresh water than in seawater due to the quenching effects of halogen, and the increasing of nitrate enlarged the contribution of •OH. Two possible PHE degradation pathways were proposed based on GC-MS analysis and DFT calculation. The Quantitative Structure-activity Relationship (QSAR) evaluation showed that some degradation intermediates were more toxic than PHE, but the total environmental risk was still diminished due to the low percentage of toxic intermediates. This study provided theoretical and experimental insights into the influence of nitrogenous compounds on the photodegradation of PHAs in water environment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Yangyang Ma,Ju Lin,Miaoyun Li,Yaodi Zhu,Lijun Zhao,Dong Liang,Dong Hyun Cho,Gaiming Zhao
In order to explore the influence of wood types on formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in traditional smoked and grilled meat products, the effect of lignin in woods on formation of PAHs was investigated in meat model systems. The results showed that PAHs formation was much dependent on the heating conditions. The addition of lignin led to significantly increased PAHs, which being connected with lignin structure. In comparison, the formation of PAHs was more facilitated by lignin with G structure than that with G/S structure. However, further study of adding lignin precursors demonstrated that lignin precursors with S structure were more favorable to the formation of PAHs than those with G structure. It was proposed that the relative content and activity of G/S structure of lignin in wood played a significant role in the formation of PAHs, which might provide theoretical reference for inhibition of PAHs fundamentally.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
化学
·
环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 10.8
Shuyue Zheng,Jihong Dong,Quan Chen,Min Wu,Dong Zhu,Li Cui,Philippe Frangois-Xavier Corvini,Hong-Zhe Li,Bo Pan
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are widespread contaminants that can accumulate in microorganisms, posing significant ecological risks. While previous studies primarily focused on PAH concentrations, the impacts of PAH self-clustering have been largely overlooked, which will lead to inaccurate assessments of their ecological risks. This study evaluates the toxic effects of four prevalent PAH clusters on microbes with an emphasis on comparing the cluster sizes. Results revealed that over 95% of PAHs can form clusters in the aquatic environment, with smaller clusters more likely to form at lower concentrations and with fewer benzene rings. To quantify the toxic effects and understand underlying mechanisms, single-cell Raman-D2O was employed to link bacterial phenotypes with transcriptomic profiles. Bacteria exposed to smaller PAH clusters showed a 1%–10% reduction in metabolic activity, which was associated with a 1.8–2.9-fold increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, when exposed to smaller PAH clusters, the expression of genes related to the ROS response and efflux pumps was upregulated by up to 6.33-fold and 4.97-fold, respectively, suggesting that smaller PAH clusters pose greater toxicity to microbes. These findings underscore the potentially overlooked risks of PAH clusters in environmental systems and deepen our understanding of the environmental fate and ecological risks of these contaminants.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
·
毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 8.3
Meng Luo,Hongrui Huang,Xiao Liu,Danheng Gao,Qiegen Liu,Jin Li,Lianfu Li,Shichuan Xi,Yu Shi,Yuanyuan Song,Shuxuan Li
Novel integrated optofluidic in-fiber SERS probe based on 4-MBA/Ag NPs for high-stability, label-free detection of PYO. • Ultrafast PYO fingerprint identification within 5 s via a competitive coordination recognition strategy. • Quantitative evaluation of PAHs-triggered bacterial virulence enhancement, providing reliable technical support for marine environmental risk assessment and coastal public health early warning. The activation of virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa under environmental stress is of great significance for studying the mechanism of bacterial-environment interaction. Pyocyanin (PYO), a key phenazine virulence factor secreted by P. aeruginosa , serves as a direct indicator of bacterial pathogenicity. Herein, we developed a highly integrated optofluidic in-fiber surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensor for rapid, label-free detection of PYO secretion by Pseudomonas aeruginosa under environmental stress. 4-Mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) serves as a molecular recognition linker anchored onto silver nanoparticle (Ag NPs) surfaces, which can undergo competitive coordination with pyocyanin to suppress non-specific interference from coexisting impurities. The nitrogen atoms on the phenazine ring of PYO form Ag–N coordination bonds along with π–metal coupling interactions with Ag NPs. This competitive substitution displaces the Ag–S bonds between 4-MBA and Ag NPs, leading to a concentration-dependent reduction in the characteristic peak intensity of 4-MBA at 1077 cm⁻¹ . The sensor specifically identifies PYO via its characteristic peak at 1345 cm⁻¹ within 5 s, and exhibits a linear range of 10 −5 M to 10 −14 M. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 1.0 × 10⁻ 14 M. Through the sampling tests, we confirm that 50 μM PAHs stress triggers a 1.5-fold increase in PYO secretion of P. aeruginosa , verifying PAHs-induced bacterial virulence enhancement. Benefiting from the specific competitive recognition between 4-MBA and PYO, the sensor exhibits robust anti-interference performance in complex natural seawater matrices. This work provides a sensitive, rapid, and cost-effective SERS platform for bacterial virulence monitoring, offering valuable insights into pollutant-bacterium interactions and public health early warning. Download: Download high-res image (164KB) Download: Download full-size image
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）