JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2022
·
IF 10.53
Rui Chen,Liuyong Mao,Christine N. Matindi,Gansheng Liu,Jintao He,Zhenyu Cui,Xiaohua Ma,Kuanjun Fang,Biao Wu,Bhekie B. Mamba,Jianxin Li
An in-situ reaction controlled non-solvent induced phase separation (RC-NIPS) method was developed to tailor the morphology of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) grafting polyethylene glycol (PEG) (SMA-g-PEG) blend ultrafiltration (UF) membrane. Herein, PVC and SMA was dissolved in dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent to prepare a casting solution (16 wt% polymer concentration) at 50 °C. Subsequently, PEG (20 kDa) as an additive and reactant was added to the casting solution at a mass ratio of PEG to the polymer 1/1 wt/wt. to enhance the hydrophilicity and mechanical elongation of the membrane. Results demonstrated that the casting solution with PVC/SMA = 3/1 wt/wt. was an entirely compatible system. The viscosity of the casting solution with adding PEG gradually increased from 692 mPa s to 1880 mPa s at the initial stage and 4780 mPa s at 42 h, then rose sharply to 27,320 mPa s at 84 h. This behavior was ascribed to the esterification reaction between PEG and SMA, leading to pre-gelation and gelation of the system. Whereafter, SMA-g-PEG graft polymers were obtained. Meanwhile, the degree of grafting (DG) increased from 0.40% at 12 h of the reaction to 2.61% at 42 h. Afterwards, a phase inversion using water as coagulation was used to prepare PVC/SMA-g-PEG blend membrane after a certain time of the esterification reaction. It was found that the morphology of resultant membranes systematically changed from asymmetric structure with a dense top layer and finger-like sublayer at the initial stage to a dense layer with a fully sponge-like structure after 18–42 h reaction. The PVC/SMA-g-PEG membrane obtained after the reaction of 42 h demonstrated better hydrophilicity, high pure water permeance and excellent toughness due to the internal plasticization of water molecules. The membrane also exhibited a high BSA rejection (>95%) and fouling recovery rate (FRR) (85.9%). Our work provides some insights on tailoring the UF membrane structure and simultaneously enhancing permeability, antifouling performance and toughness.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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膜技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2017
·
IF 3.387
Fangwei Pan,Rongjun Qu,Xinhua Jia,Changmei Sun,Hushan Sun,Kai An,Yinglei Mu,Chunnuan Ji,Ping Yin,Ying Zhang
Poly( p -phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (PPTA-MWNTs) showed an enhancement effect on the yield strength and Young’s modulus of PVC composite films, but no improvement in toughness. In this paper, MWNTs were covalently and non-covalently coated by N -epoxypropyl PPTA (PPTA-ECH) to prepare PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH 2 -x and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x, which were used as additives to reinforce PVC composite films. It was found that the maximum yield strength, Young’s modulus, and toughness of PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH 2 -x/PVC composite films increased by 227.84%, 201.56%, and 589.96%, respectively, in comparison to pure PVC, while those of PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC composite films increased by 215.08%, 153.13%, and 540.81%, respectively. The maximum yield strength, maximum Young’s modulus, and maximum toughness of both PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH 2 -x/PVC and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC showed significant improvement as compared to PPTA-MWNTs/PVC composite film and PPTA-MWNTs-NH 2 /PVC. This indicates that N -epoxypropyl PPTA covalently and non-covalently coated MWNTs are promising additives for reinforcing PVC.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Research Express
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·015303
·
IF 1.929
Dashuai Zhang,Xiaoxue Lin,Yan Zhang,Xiaopeng Zhang,Chen Li,Yang Lin,Tianyi Sun,Linhua Zhu,Qiang Lin,Zaifeng Shi
The PVDF/PVC superhydrophobic composite membrane was prepared by non-solvent induced phase separation method. When the concentration of PVDF/PVC(= 85/15) is 4%, DMF can be used as a solvent to prepare PVDF/PVC superhydrophobic composite membrane by using the simple and applicable NIPS method. Through static contact angle and rolling angle, it was found that the maximum contact angle of PVDF/PVC composite membrane with low concentration can reach 152°, rolling angle is 3 degrees, and the surface potential energy is also relatively low about 8°. It was found by DSC that the crystallinity of PVDF/PVC composite membrane with low concentration was higher, SEM shows that the surface of 4% PVDF/PVC composite membrane has nano scale protrusion, and AMF finds that the surface of 4% PVDF/PVC composite membrane was high Surface roughness. When the surface roughness was high, the surface hydrophobicity is improved, the wetting problem was alleviated, the self-cleaning ability of the membrane is improved, and the membrane pollution is reduced. It was found that the 4% PVDF/PVC composite membrane prepared by low concentration method has a long-lasting self-cleaning performance and can be used as an organic coating in the field of self-cleaning.
研究领域:
材料科学
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膜技术
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表面工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2023
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IF 22.1
Bo Feng,Yaxuan Jing,Xiaohui Liu,Yong Guo,Yanqin Wang
The upcycling of waste polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a grand challenge because of the unmanageable Cl species. Here, we develop a Cl-transfer strategy to upcycle waste PVC into value-added organic chlorides and PE-like polymer with various Cl acceptors (tetrahydrofuran, dibutyl ether and butanol) over Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The high utilization efficiency of Cl (> 80 %) can be obtained over Ru/Al 2 O 3 at 180 °C, 2Mpa H 2 with tetrahydrofuran as an acceptor within tens of hours. The excellent performance is attributed to key features including Al 2 O 3 for the C-O bond activation and metal Ru for C-Cl bond activation and H 2 dissociation. The remaining PE-like polymer after removing Cl could be regarded as PE-like feedstock and further converted into methane through the same Ru/Al 2 O 3 catalyst. The Cl-transfer system also enables the upcycling of several common PVC-contained wastes and works well in the scale-up test. This work offers a catalytic path to integrate waste PVC plastic into the supply chain of organic chlorides under the context of circular economy.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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环境科学
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催化
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
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2016
·Vol. 6
·期 33
·28038-28046
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IF 3.289
Lina Chi,Jie Wang,Tianshu Chu,Yingjia Qian,Zhenjiang Yu,Deyi Wu,Zhenjia Zhang,Zheng Jiang,James O. Leckie
Mathematical models play an important role in performance prediction and optimization of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes fabricated via dry/wet phase inversion in an efficient and economical manner. In this study, a systematic approach, namely, a supervised, learning-based experimental data analytics framework, is developed to model and optimize the flux and rejection rate of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and polyvinyl butyral (PVB) blend UF membranes. Four supervised learning (SL) approaches, namely, the multiple additive regression tree (MART), the neural network (NN), linear regression (LR), and the support vector machine (SVM), are employed in a rigorous fashion. The dependent variables representing membrane performance response with regard to independent variables representing fabrication conditions are systematically analyzed. By comparing the predicting indicators of the four SL methods, the NN model is found to be superior to the other SL models with training and testing R-squared values as high as 0.8897 and 0.6344, respectively, for the rejection rate, and 0.9175 and 0.8093, respectively, for the flux. The optimal combination of processing parameters and the most favorable flux and rejection rate for PVC/PVB ultrafiltration membranes are further predicted by the NN model and verified by experiments. We hope the approach is able to shed light on how to systematically analyze multi-objective optimization issues for fabrication conditions to obtain the desired ultrafiltration membrane performance based on complex experimental data characteristics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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机器学习
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膜技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2019
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IF 6.97
Yechang Feng,Zhuangzhuang Chu,Limin Man,Yang Hu,Chaoqun Zhang,Teng Yuan,Zhuohong Yang
Herein, fishbone-like poly(methyl eleostearate) (PME) plasticizer with high biobased content of near 90% was developed for the production of flexible poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) by the green cationic polymerization of biobased monomer methyl eleostearate (ME) using renewable coconut oil as solvent, rather than the traditional alkyl halides with toxicity and volatility. The microstructure of PME was investigated by multiple technologies, and the results show that the favored microstructure of PME is the 9,10-unit because of the lower surface electrostatic potential and average local ionization energy near the double bond at C9 and C10. The acute toxicity test of PME shows that it is biologically safe and nontoxic. The effect of content of PME and the commercial plasticizer bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DOP) on the performance of plasticized PVC was investigated. When the weight ratio of PME and DOP is fixed at 1:1, PVC film presents higher stretchability (604.7% vs 309.1%) and enhanced strength (21.0 MPa vs 11.0 MPa) compared with PVC plasticized with DOP. A possible mechanism related to chain entanglements and dipole–dipole interaction is proposed. Further, as DOP is substituted with PME, PVC films show improved migration resistance with the weight loss being more than 75% lower after leaching in petroleum ether and olive oil.
研究领域:
材料科学
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聚合物化学
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环境科学
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生物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Junhui Wu,Baoping Yang,Jiahao Zhou,Ming Zhong,Yong Ding,kun zhao,Ye Yuan
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) are capable of effectively scavenging ambient tiny mechanical energy and converting it into electrical energy, offering significant potential for applications in self-powered sensing and electrical energy storage systems. However, the practical utility of TENGs in high-humidity environments is severely restricted due to the detrimental effects of moisture. Herein, we have fabricated a TENG utilizing a CAU-10-(SO3H)0.08(OH)0.92/polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composite film as the negative triboelectric layer and Al foil as the positive triboelectric layer, which exhibits the ability to sustain stable output voltage and current even in highly ambient humidity conditions. At a relative humidity (RH) of 20%, the 2 wt%-CAU-10-(SO3H)0.08(OH)0.92//PVC composite film-based TENG achieved an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 318 V, a short circuit-current (Isc) of 30 μA, a short-circuit charge transfer (Qsc) of 77 nC and a peak power of 2.69 mW. The device still maintains stable output voltage and current signals even at 90% RH. There is no obvious decline in the output voltage of the TENG after continuous working for about 36,000 operational cycles. Through a transformer and a rectifier circuit, the TENG was capable of charging a 10 mF capacitor to 2.7 V in 3.48 h, which was subsequently employed for water electrolysis to generate hydrogen. After 30 electrolysis cycles, the system produced 54 µL of H2 at a rate of 143.6 µL/h/m². This work offers a reference for the development of CAU-10-(SO3H)0.08(OH)0.92-based composites with humidity resistance, which is essential for the application of TENGs in high-humidity environments.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2024
·
IF 4.1
Beibei Li,Zhiwei Liu,Ying Dan Liu,Yongri Liang
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) gels, as electroactive polymers , have various applications in the fields of soft actuators and sensors. The relationship between the structure and electromechanical properties of PVC gels, however, has not been fully understood so far. In this work, the effect of different alkyl chain length of 1-allyl- imidazolium cations of tetrafluoroborate (BF 4 )-based ionic liquid (IL) on structure, mechanical and dielectric properties , bending actuation, sensing and electroadhesion properties of plasticized polyvinyl chloride/dibutyl adipate (PVC/DBA) gel were investigated. The interaction between DBA and ILs in PVC/DBA/IL gels leads to the disruption of interactions between inter-DBA molecules and subsequent formation of DBA-rich phases with DBA/IL complexes. The number of DBA-rich phases in PVC/DBA/IL gels increases as the alkyl chain length of the cation in IL increases, due to an enhanced interaction between DBA and ILs with an increase in the alkyl chain length of the cation in IL. The Young's modulus of the PVC/DBA gel was slightly reduced, while the dielectric constant significantly increased when IL was added. Additionally, the bending actuation properties and capacitance pressure sensing sensitivity of the PVC/DBA/IL gel increased with an increase in the alkyl chain length of the cation of IL. However, there was an opposite trend observed for electroadhesion peel strength . Among the studied PVC/DBA/IL gels, the bending displacement, pressure sensing sensitivity, and electroadhesion peel strength of PVC/DBA/IL gel with 3.2 wt% of 1-allyl-3-butylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([ABIM]BF 4 ) increased by 2.6 times, 7.5 times, and 1.7 times compared to PVC/DBA gel, respectively. These results provide new insights into understanding the relationship between structure and electromechanical properties of PVC gels for their application in actuation, sensing, and electroadhesion integrated soft grippers.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子科学
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电活性聚合物
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软体机器人
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传感器
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执行器
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
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2023
·
IF 4.4
Guojun Weng,Jianming Yang,Jianjun Li,Jian Zhu,Junwu Zhao
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based on rigid substrates has been widely used in biomedical detection due to its high sensitivity and specificity. However, the tedious operation steps for preparing SERS rigid substrates limited their applications in real-world detection. Compared with general rigid substrate, the flexible substrate has the advantages of simple preparation and easy portability, which are suitable for rapid, wearable and personalized detection in the field of point-of-care test. Herein, the flexible SERS substrates employing copolymer were fabricated and used for detection of skin cortisol, a biomarker for evaluating psychological stress in sweat. Silver triangle nanoplates with sharp corner were used as enhanced particles, and transferred to polyvinyl chloride/styrene-ethylene-butene-styrene copolymer (PVC/SEBS) film through three-phase interface self-assembly. By adjusting the size of silver nanoparticles, the ratio of PVC to SEBS in the polymer film, and the number of transfers of self-assembled silver films, the enhancement effect of the flexible SERS substrate was maximized. In addition, functionalization of the flexible SERS substrate with cortisol antibodies is used to achieve specific detection of cortisol on the skin surface. Under the optimal conditions, the Raman peak intensities at 1268 and 1500 cm −1 of the cortisol had a good linear relationship with the logarithm of its concentration in the range of 10 −7 to 10 −3 M, and the detection limits were 5.47 × 10 −8 M and 5.51 × 10 −8 M, respectively. The flexible silver triangle nanoplates SERS substrate constructed by self-assembly in the three-phase interface has the characteristics of good specificity and high sensitivity, which has potential for transdermal cortisol wearable detection, providing a feasible method for the rapid evaluating psychological stress level.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
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分析化学
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材料科学
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可穿戴技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2015
·
IF 3.163
Miao Li,Yao-dong Liang,Xiao-bin Wang,Kan-she Li,Xiang-rong Liu
The complex (LaL 3 ) of lanthanum (III) with N-(2-amino ethyl) maleamic acid radical (L − ) was synthesized and characterized by Fourier infrared spectrum (FT-IR), elemental analysis and melting point measurements. The complex LaL 3 was a chelate, in which lanthanum (III) ion was coordinated with the carboxylate oxygen and amide nitrogen atoms of N-(2-amino ethyl) maleamic acid radical (L − ). The stabilization effect of LaL 3 as a thermal stabilizer on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was evaluated by static thermal stability test, ultraviolet–visible spectrum (UV–vis), FT-IR and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results showed that the addition of LaL 3 as thermal stabilizer could significantly enhance static stability time of PVC. Compared with the TG of pure PVC and LaL 3 /PVC, within the range of 200–300 °C, the degradation rate of pure PVC was significantly accelerated, whereas the degradation rate of the PVC added LaL 3 stabilizer decreased obviously. The stabilizing efficiency of PVC improved by the addition of LaL 3 is partially attributed by the formation of coordinate bonds between lanthanum (III) and chloride atoms in PVC main chain.
研究领域:
材料化学
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高分子科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·Vol. 28
·期 4
·719-725
·
IF 2.297
Deling Li,Congcong Luo,Bing Yao,Yue Ding,Jizhen Ren
Lanthanum complex with curcumin (La L 2 )/Ca-Zn composite stabilizer was prepared using La L 2 and Ca-Zn stabilizer, in which Ca-Zn stabilizer was obtained from calcium stearate and zinc stearate at their mass ratio of 5:1. The rheological properties and dynamic thermal stability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) stabilized by La L 2 /Ca-Zn composite stabilizers were estimated through a torque rheometer. The degraded fragments obtained from the torque experiments were measured by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy. La L 2 had an effective synergistic effect with Ca-Zn stabilizer. Compared with La L 2 , La L 2 /Ca-Zn composite stabilizer could more significantly improve the rheological properties and dynamic thermal stability of PVC. An optimal synergistic effect could be observed when the mass ratio of La L 2 with Ca-Zn stabilizer was about 8:2, in which the plasticizing torque and equilibrium torque of PVC was 33.3 N m and 22.5 N m, respectively, and its dynamic thermal stabilizing time was 25.1 min. The possible thermal stability mechanism of La L 2 /Ca-Zn composite stabilizer for PVC was suggested based on the evaluation of FTIR spectroscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 141
·期 33
·e55847
·
IF 2.7
Chao Zhang,Erlei Yu,Heyun Wang,Dong Huang,Guojun Ding,Zhonghua Zhao,Zhong Wei
In response to the health and environmental concerns associated with the plasticizer dioctyl phthalate (DOP), this research explores the utilization of methyl oleate (MO) derived from plant oil, 1,2,4-Benzeneticarboxylic anhydride (TMA) and isobutyric anhydride (IA) as a precursor for synthesizing a hyperbranched polyester named IA-MO-TMA. This polyester serves as an alternative plasticizer for Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The chemical structure of IA-MO-TMA was thoroughly characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectra, and its molecular weight was assessed. The PVC film, plasticized with IA-MO-TMA, underwent comprehensive testing using techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Notably, the glass transition temperature ( T g ) of the plasticized PVC film exhibited a significant reduction from 75°C to −6.7°C. The plasticized film demonstrated an elongation at break of 318.1%, a tensile strength of 19.2 MPa, and a plasticizing efficiency of 109.9%. Moreover, the use of IA-MO-TMA as a plasticizer increased the initial decomposition temperature of PVC film from 235.6 to 264.1°C. Additionally, the extraction rate of IA-MO-TMA in petroleum ether was found to be 35.6% lower than that of DOP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）