International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
·
2024
·Vol. 21
·期 3
·1768-1777
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IF 1.8
Liang Chen,Changxing Zhao,Peng Jiang,Shuhong Xie,Kai Pan
(1− x )Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 – x PbTiO 3 (PMN–PT) has attracted attention due to its excellent electrical properties as a typical relaxor ferroelectric material. High-quality Mn–Sm co-doped 0.68PMN–0.32PT thin films were synthesized on the Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrates by sol–gel based on spin coating method. The results show that 1 mol% Mn–2 mol% Sm co-doped PMN–PT thin films have high dielectric constant ( ε r ∼ 1895) and relatively low dielectric loss (tan δ ∼ .039) at 1 kHz. They also show superior ferroelectric polarization ( P max ∼ 53.71 μC/cm 2 , P r ∼ 30.85 μC/cm 2 ) and high dielectric breakdown strength (∼1656.6 kV/cm), which are primarily due to the low leakage current density (∼10 −7 A/cm 2 ). This work suggests a practical approach to enhance the dielectricity, piezoelectricity, and ferroelectricity of PMN–PT thin films.
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JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
·
2023
·
IF 4
Wenxuan Wang,Shan Hu,Zihan Liu,Zelang Jian,Wen Chen
The NASICON-type (Na 1+x Zr 2 Si x P 3-x O 12 , 0≤x ≤ 3) sodium-ion solid state electrolyte (SSE) has emerged as an alternative for liquid electrolyte due to its good chemical/electrochemical stability, high thermal stability and high safety. However, the insufficient ionic conductivity and poor understanding of Na + transport mechanism hinder the further development of sodium-ion SSE. Herein, we report Sm modified Na 3+x Zr 2-x Sm x Si 2 PO 12 (0≤x ≤ 0.4) electrolytes with a highest ionic conductivity of 2.25 × 10 −3 S cm −1 at 25 °C when x = 0.2. The introduction of Sm element adjusts the Si/P ratio in NASICON phase and densifies the electrolyte pellets by formation of Na 3 Sm(PO 4 ) 2 . To get a deep insight into the enhanced mechanism of Na + transport in grains, low-temperature electrochemical impedance spectra (LT-EIS) and Jonscher's power law relationship are employed to analyze the electrical behavior of grains. The results demonstrate that the regulation of Si/P ratio can evoke lower migration energy, more charge carrier concentration and higher hopping frequency , which synergistically improve the ionic conductivity in grains.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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储能
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固体离子学
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DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION
·
2026
·
IF 3.6
Bo Sun,Zihui Jin,Xinwei Li,Xia Xiao,Zhenwei Jiang,Wei Xie,Leshuai Zhang,Pan Deng
Recent advances in lipid nanoparticle (LNP) delivery systems have enabled the development of mRNA vaccines and oligonucleotide therapeutics. Reliable hepatic in vitro systems are essential for the evaluation of the biodegradation of LNP components. SM-102 is an important ionizable lipid used in Moderna’s LNP-mRNA vaccine. In this study, we compared the metabolism of SM-102 using three in vitro hepatic models, including liver microsomes, 2D hepatocyte cultures and 3D liver spheroids prepared from primary rodent hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) method was developed to detect and characterize SM-102 metabolites. A 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) derivatization method was developed to further capture and characterize the potential carbonyl products. Following incubation of SM-102 with liver microsomes from human, monkey, dog, rat, and mouse, seven metabolites were identified, with oxidation to carbonyl-containing metabolites representing the predominant pathway. In mouse 2D hepatocytes and 3D liver spheroids, six metabolites were detected, and the major metabolic pathways included N-dealkylation (M6), acetylation (M7), and hydrolysis (M8). In rat 2D hepatocyte cultures, six metabolites were detected, with M6 and M8 as the major metabolites. In contrast, β-oxidation-related metabolites (M10 and M11) were the major metabolites detected in rat 3D hepatocyte spheroids. Comparable metabolic profiles of SM-102 were observed in HepG2 2D cultures and 3D spheroids, with hydrolysis and N-dealkylation as the predominant metabolic pathways. Taken together, this study characterized the metabolic profiles of SM-102 across three in vitro hepatic models, and comparable metabolic profiles were observed between 2D hepatocytes and 3D spheroids prepared from primary mouse hepatocytes and HepG2 cells. These findings provide useful information for selecting appropriate in vitro models to ensure the reliable evaluation of ionizable lipid biodegradation.
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PubMed
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Chaoran He,Shanshan Zhao,Jiafei Lyu,Bofeng Zhang,Rongrong Zhang,Guozhu Liu
The severe carbon deposition that plagues conventional Ni catalysts in dry reforming of methane (DRM) originates from the kinetic mismatch between CH 4 cracking and CO 2 dissociation. Here, we design an atomically thin Sm-doped MgAlO x overlayer to encapsulate Ni nanoparticles, creating a confined reaction environment that intrinsically couples these two critical steps. The Sm-induced electron donation to Ni accelerates CH 4 dissociation by weakening the C-H bonds, while the Sm-doped thin overlayer with rich oxygen vacancies facilitates the rapid decomposition of CO 2 -derived carbonate intermediates (m-CO 3 2− ) and shortens the diffusion path for the resultant active oxygen species to gasify surface cavrbon precursors. The optimized catalyst achieves high conversions of CH 4 (91.0%) and CO 2 (94.0%) at 800 °C, reducing carbon deposition from 39.47% to 9.50%, and maintains stable performance over 100 h. This work demonstrates that precise reducible-oxide overlayers engineering can intrinsically align reaction kinetics to break the classical deactivation cycle of Ni-based catalysts in DRM.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 109
·期 3
·e70653
·
IF 4.2
Bowen Yin,Haoran Ren,Weijia Guo,Chongyang Zhang,Xingchen Zhang,Yutian Lu,Hui Zhang,Zhenxing Yue
Aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramics are widely used in high-power electronic devices due to their excellent electrical insulation, high thermal conductivity, and chemical stability. Doping with rare-earth oxides is a common modification method for AlN ceramics that enhances sintering behavior and thermal conductivity but simultaneously alters defect states, thereby affecting electrical properties. The evolution of these defects and their influence on electrical transport and heat conduction remain unclear. Herein, the defect behavior, electrical insulation, and thermal conduction of Y 2 O 3 , La 2 O 3 , and Sm 2 O 3 -doped AlN ceramics are systematically compared. A combination of direct current (DC) conductivity, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), dielectric spectroscopy, and thermally stimulated depolarization current (TSDC) analyses confirms a pronounced defect “cleaning effect” induced by rare-earth dopants, with an efficiency ranking of Sm > La > Y. The results reveal that oxygen substituting for nitrogen sites and aluminum vacancies dominate the low- and high-temperature conduction processes, respectively. The influence of rare-earth doping on thermal conductivity is also evaluated. Notably, the samples doped with 4 wt% Y 2 O 3 exhibit the best electrical insulation and the highest thermal conductivity. This work provides important insights into achieving synergistic optimization of the electrical and thermal properties of AlN ceramics through defect engineering.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2016
·
IF 4.82
Dong Yan,Fei-Fei Mao,Jiang-Gao Mao
A series of lanthanide boroantimonates, namely, LnBSb2O8 (Ln = Sm 1, Eu 2, Gd 3, and Tb 4) have been successfully synthesized by high temperature solid-state reactions for the first time. They are isostructural and feature novel three-dimensional (3D) frameworks composed of 2D [Sb3O12]9– layers interconnected by 1D [SbBO7]6– chains with remaining BO3 groups hanging on the walls of the 1D 6-membered-ring (MR) tunnels along the a-axis, and the lanthanide ions filled in the voids of the anionic structure. They exhibit high thermal stability (up to 900 °C). Luminescent studies suggest that compounds 1, 2, and 4 have potential application as orange, red, and green light luminescent materials, respectively. Magnetic measurements reveal ferromagnetic coupling interactions in compound 3 and antiferromagnetic coupling interactions between magnetic centers in compounds 1, 2, and 4.
研究领域:
无机化学
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材料科学
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固态化学
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发光学
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磁学
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Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 38
·13405-13414
·
IF 7.059
Zhi-Gang Liu,Zhen-Hua Tang,Song-Cheng Hu,Di-Jie Yao,Fei Sun,De-Yang Chen,Xiao-Bin Guo,Qiu-Xiang Liu,Yan-Ping Jiang,Xin-Gui Tang
Progress in energy storage ceramics for applications has been of interest owing to their clean green nature and excellent ferroelectric/dielectric performances. In this study, lead-free Sm-doped 0.95BaTiO3–0.05Bi(Mg0.5Ti0.5)O3 (BT–BMT–xSm) relaxor ferroelectric ceramics were synthesized and confirmed to be an appropriate material for storage devices. After the introduction of Sm2O3 into BT–BMT ceramics, their hysteresis loops gradually shrank and became slender, which is beneficial to achieving high efficiency energy storage in ceramic capacitors. The maximum recoverable energy density for the BT–BMT–xSm (x = 0.03) sample reached 3.86 J cm−3 at normal temperature, and its corresponding energy efficiency reached 81.6%. Moreover, it was found from impedance spectroscopy that the breakdown field strength is related to the oxygen defect content in the samples. Ceramic samples with fewer defects have better insulation performance, which means that a high breakdown field strength will be obtained. With proper doping, enhanced relaxor behaviour and breakdown field strength were obtained to achieve excellent energy storage properties.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2023
·Vol. 33
·期 38
·2303736
·
IF 19
Qiong Liu,Faqi Zhan,Hang Luo,Xiaogang Luo,Qiuyan Yi,Qiwei Sun,Zhida Xiao,Yan Zhang,Dou Zhang,Chris R. Bowen
The piezoelectric enhancement of photo-catalytic activity for water splitting and pollutant degradation is a novel approach to developing renewable energy and environmental protection applications. Herein, a new form of defect engineered Na-Sm bimetallic-regulated CaBi 2 Nb 2 O 9 platelet is synthesized via a molten salt process for water splitting and pollutant degradation applications. An intermediate band structure is introduced by Sm-doping, and empty orbitals in the conductive band are introduced by Na-doping. These factors, combined with the increased local charge density around the Sm and Na atoms, result in an increased electrical conductivity, improved electron mobility, and provide additional electrons for enhancing catalytic reactions. As a consequence, the judicious co-doping of CaBi 2 Nb 2 O 9 with Sm and Na leads to a unique synergetic piezo-photo-electric effect to provide a superior piezo-photo-catalytic performance for H 2 production (158.53 µmol g −1 h −1 ) and pollutant degradation (rate constant, k = 0.257 min −1 ). This new approach provides important insights into the application of defect engineering to exploit the cooperative doping of alkaline earth metals and rare metals to create high-performance catalysts.
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JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
·
2024
·
IF 5.2
Jun Wang,Jianyu Li,Chunyu Jiang,Jianbo Song,Xing Yang,Xiaolong Ma,Kailiang Luo,Peng Wu,Xiaoyu Chong,Jing Feng
Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) materials with lowered thermal and oxygen ion conductivity can provide thermal and oxidative protection for high temperature hot-end components in aeronautical engines and gas turbines . The rare-earth tantalate RETaO 4 (RE = Dy, Gd and Sm) ceramics with monoclinic (m) phase were successfully synthesized via spark plasma sintering . Oxygen vacancies responsible for the thermal and oxygen ion conductivities of RETaO 4 were demonstrated by atomic-resolution energy dispersive X-ray and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy . Among the three samples, DyTaO 4 has excellent oxygen/thermal barrier performance. Compared to the current service thermal barrier coating material ZrO 2 -8 wt% Y 2 O 3 (8 YSZ), DyTaO 4 has an ultra-low oxygen ion conductivity benefiting from low oxygen vacancy concentration and strong stretching force constants. The intrinsic thermal conductivity of DyTaO 4 is 68.2% less than that of 8 YSZ . Additionally, the thermal expansion rate curves indicate that the phase transformation does not happen from room temperature to 1200 °C. The above results demonstrate that high-growth rate thermally grown oxide can be retarded by creating dense DyTaO 4 coating with lowered thermal and oxygen ion conductivity.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2016
·Vol. 41
·期 2
·709-716
·
IF 3.277
Yuexin Wang,Yanhua Song,Yi Li,Tingting Cui,Xiuqing Zhou,Ye Sheng,Keyan Zheng,Hongpeng You,Haifeng Zou
LuVO4:Eu3+ nano/microcrystals with different morphologies/sizes including nanoparticles, nanosheets, nanodisks, nanoquadrangles, sub-microflakes, microspheres, and bulks were successfully synthesized by a mild solvothermal process using tartaric acid (TA) as the template. The amount of tartaric acid (TA) and the initial pH value play vital roles in controlling the morphologies of LuVO4 products. Besides, the reaction temperature was responsible for the generation of pure LuVO4 crystals in the presence of TA. Based on this, the possible formation mechanism of multi-morphologies was proposed. Furthermore, the dependence of luminescence performance on morphology has been discussed in detail. The LuVO4:Ln3+ (Ln = Tm3+, Er3+, Sm3+, Eu3+) nanoparticles show the characterized transition of Ln3+ and give bright blue, green, orange-red and red emission. Moreover, blue-green, green-yellow, pink, yellow-pink and white light can be obtained by adjusting the amount of doped Ln3+ ions and the corresponding concentrations of the LuVO4 host. This general and simple method may be of much significance in the synthesis of many other rare earth inorganic materials.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Jianjun Zeng,Kuibao Zhang,Yuancheng Teng,Baozhu Luo
The concept of non-stoichiometric design, as a historically significant strategy in material design, plays a crucial role in the development and innovation of materials. Particularly in the domain of red-orange fluorescence, the importance of the rare earth Sm element has been increasingly emphasized. This study successfully prepared non-stoichiometric Gd2Zr2O7 transparent ceramics doped with Sm using combustion and vacuum sintering. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the obtained powders are composed of fine defect fluorite structure grains, while the final ceramics exhibit pyrochlore/defect fluorite phase. Initially, non-stoichiometric design optimizes the optical transmittance of ceramics. The maximum transmittance of the X = −0.1 ceramic exhibits the highest transmittance 82.4 % @ 1134 nm. Furthermore, photoelectrons captured by native defects energy levels can transfer to the Sm excited states, optimizing the fluorescence property of ceramics. The fluorescence intensity of the X = 0.8 ceramic is about five times that of the X = 0 ceramic.
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JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Qing-Yu Lu,Zhao-Jie Wang,Li-Yu Bai,Wen-Biao Zu,Zhong-Shun Zhou,Yan-Yan Zhu,Yun-Li Zhao,Xiao-Dong Luo
Ethnopharmacological relevance Caryopteris trichosphaera W. W. Sm., a traditional ethnic medicine, was recorded in the Compendium of Materia Medica for treating wound infection by pathogenic infection. However, its antibacterial potential and bioactive compositions against drug-resistant bacteria need to be validated. Aim of the study To investigate the chemical constituents of C. trichosphaera and explore its anti-MRSA component in vitro and in vivo , together with the antibacterial mechanism. Materials and methods Bioactive constituents investigation was carried out by phytochemical method and antibacterial screening. The antibacterial mechanism was predicted by network pharmacology, which was further validated by time-kill analysis, membrane function tests, multigenerational resistance induction assay and biofilm test, and metabolomics analysis in vitro. In addition, MRSA-induced epidermal infection in mice was selected to evaluate its pharmacological effect in vivo . Results Six antibacterial diterpenoids against MRSA and VRE with MIC values 4–32 μg/mL from C. trichosphaera were reported for the first time, in which the major compound cativic acid ( 1 ) disrupted MRSA cell membranes by modulating permeability, depolarization, and fluidity while increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. It also displayed remarkable anti-biofilm activity without inducing bacterial resistance or cytotoxicity. Moreover, cativic acid affected MRSA biosynthesis of cofactors, amino acid biosynthesis, nucleotide metabolism by metabolomics analysis. Furthermore, cativic acid accelerated wound healing in MRSA-infected mouse skin wounds, even better than vancomycin. Conclusions The results supported the traditional use of C. trichosphaera , and presented unreported anti-MRSA agent, cativic acid, as a plant-derived bactericide in vitro and in vivo for the first time.
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