Canadian Journal of Chemistry
·
2025
·
IF 1
Xin Guo,Pai Chen,Rui Wang,Ruijing Sun,Wei Jian,Yang Zhang,Yongsheng Bao,Shuai Wang
Most areas have long been affected by endemic fluorosis, which can lead to fluorosis bone disease and cardiovascular damage. The detection and treatment of fluoridated water has been of great concern. In this work, the sensors SP-1 and SP-2 were synthesized from naphthylamine and pyreneamine with carboxy-modified spiropyran via amidation reaction. The photoisomerization of spiropyran molecules under alternating ultraviolet/visible light irradiation resulted in changes in the conjugation system, which amplifies the combination between F− and the amide bonds of SP-1 and SP-2 molecules, enabling rapid and naked-eye detection of F−. Simultaneously, the impact of two distinct conjugated rings, pyridineamine and naphthaleneamine, on spiropyran detection of F− was investigated. Based on results from the UV spectrum, 1HNMR, and DFT theoretical calculation, it was determined that both sensor SP-1 and SP-2 can detect F− with a binding ratio of 1:1. The detection limits for sensor SP-1 are 0.978 µM for F−, and SP-2 are 0.173 µM for F−. The detection limit of SP-2, with a larger chromophore than SP-1, is lower and exhibits a more pronounced phenomenon. This study holds significant practical implications for rapid anion detection in aqueous environments, visual recognition without the need for specialized equipment, and energy conservation.
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Le Li,Xia Bao,Yujie Sun,Chen Liu,Li Li,Lulu Bu,Chao Gao,Xian Liang,Peng Xi,Quan Li
Photochromic materials have garnered significant attention for applications in anticounterfeiting and information encryption. However, their practical utilization in solid states remains challenging due to restricted molecular isomerization. In this work, we successfully synthesized PMMA-SP microspheres via a membrane emulsification-solvent evaporation approach, which enables efficient and reversible solid-state photochromism. Under UV irradiation, the microspheres undergo a rapid color transition from pale pink to deep purple, accompanied by enhanced fluorescence emission, and revert to their original state upon exposure to visible light. Furthermore, flexible PVA/PMMA-SP composite films were fabricated, allowing reversible and high-contrast photopatterning through the photomasks. Notably, these films exhibit distinct color changes, even under natural sunlight, providing a straightforward authentication feature. Collectively, this study offers a facile and scalable strategy for designing rewritable photochromic materials with considerable potential for advanced optical security applications.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 6
·3748-3756
·
IF 3.9
BangSen Li,Wenya Zhu,Jinrui Liu,Shishu Sun,Yan Zhang,DaShuai Zhang,Chen Li,Jianjun Shi,Zaifeng Shi
A practical “grafting-from” strategy is described to grow photochromic polymer brushes bearing spiropyran (SP) functional groups on graphene oxide (GO) surfaces via surface-initiated ring-opening metathesis polymerization (SI-ROMP). The Grubbs II catalyst was fixed on the GO surface, and the norbornene derivatives functionalized using spiropyran were synthesized from this active site via the ROMP method. The results indicated that the spiropyran-modified polymer brushes were obtained on the GO surface in the form of thin films. The solubility of GO modified by spiropyran polymers (GO-SPs) in organic solvents was significantly improved. The GO-SPs exhibited excellent photochromic properties, including fast coloration/decoloration. The modified GO with an isomeric structure was colored in 90 s under ultraviolet irradiation and decolored in 360 s under white light. The fading kinetic rate in the dark was slow and the kinetic attenuation curve followed bi-exponential decay. The GO-SP composite materials took more than 2 h to return to thermodynamically stable forms. The reversible change in the water contact angle reached 8° after continuous cycling with ultraviolet and visible light. GO-SP maintained its photochromic performance and possessed excellent fatigue resistance after more than six successive UV/light cycles. This work describes a practical strategy for the preparation of photochromic polymer brush modified GO composite materials and extends the applications of GO in photochromic materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物化学
·
纳米技术
·
光化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CELLULOSE
·
2019
·Vol. 27
·期 1
·493-510
·
IF 3.917
Fan Ji,Bao Bingwei,Wang Zehong,Xu Rui,Wang Wei,Yu Dan
In this paper, we proposed to prepare a spiropyran (SP)-based photochromic cotton fabric with high tri-stimulus response by thiol-ene click chemistry, which has excellent photochromic properties, good durability, and can quickly return to its original state under three different stimulations. The SP target monomer with ene group in the side chain was synthesized, and the cotton fabric was subjected to thiol modification by using 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane. The SP molecule was grafted to the modified cotton fabric by covalent bonding, therefore effectively enhanced its durability in practical daily use. The results of FTIR, NMR, Raman and UV spectra confirmed the chemical composition. SEM images and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping spectra verified the grafting between this SP-based dye and modified cotton fabrics. The test data of color characteristic values indicated that the fabric undergoes significant color changes with fast photochromic response, high fatigue resistance, and maintains impressive reusability after experiencing 20 reversible cycles. The photochromic mechanism of cotton fabrics was attributed to the cleavage of C–O bond in the molecular structure of SP under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. In addition, the properties related to practical applications including washing fastness and UV resistance have also been studied, proving its great potential in wearable and flexible textile-based sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
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DOI
高影响因子
BIOMATERIALS
·
2017
·
IF 8.402
Chaoqun Liu,Yan Zhang,Min Liu,Zhaowei Chen,Youhui Lin,Wei Li,Fangfang Cao,Zhen Liu,Jinsong Ren,Xiaogang Qu
Most chemotherapeutic drugs commonly suffer from several shortcomings, including the lack of aqueous solubility, limited stability and adverse side effects. Although caging strategy has recently been employed as an effective approach to conceal and stabilize these drugs to achieve light-activated cancer therapy, it is plagued by the sophisticated drug modification process and deleterious solvent usage. In addition, using UV or Visible light to remove photocaged group is restricted to its limited tissue penetration ability in and phototoxicity . In this paper, by anchoring photochromic spiropyran on the mesoporous silica coated upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP-SP), we design a NIR-controlled cage mimicking system. Our results indicate that hydrophobic drug can be concealed inside the channels of the nanocarrier with high stability and “uncaged” via NIR irradiation-triggered hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity switch of the spiropyran molecules, finally inducing drug release and recovering their bioactivity . Moreover, under NIR illumination, the UV/Visible emissions from UCNP can also efficaciously initiate the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by Curcumin, further improving the therapeutic efficiency. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental results validate that NIR irradiated nanosystem can produce remarkably enhanced antitumor efficiency.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
纳米医学
·
癌症治疗
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYST
·
2020
·Vol. 145
·期 24
·8016-8021
·
IF 3.978
Qiaoling Liu,Ying Zhao,Yan Zhang,Kaixin Xie,Ruirong Liu,Borong Ren,Yanmei Yan,Lin Li
A turn-on spiropyran functionalized fluorescein derivative (FMC) is developed for targeting HS− in mitochondria. FMC exhibits very weak fluorescence at 525 nm under the excitation of 470 nm in aqueous solution due to its colorless spiropyran form; upon addition of HS−, a strong fluorescence enhancement by 6.4-fold is observed with spirocycle-opened merocyanine form and rapid trapping kinetics for HS−. FMC has good biocompatibility and high selectivity towards HS− with a detection limit of 88.2 nM and is very sensitive among the reported H2S fluorescent probes. Moreover, the significant colocalization of FMC with Mito Tracker® Deep Red FM in human laryngeal epidermoid carcinoma (HEp-2) cells and the Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.87 together demonstrate that FMC can target and image the endogenous H2S in the mitochondria of living cells.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
医学影像
·
细胞生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Meichen Meng,Zhimeng Ma,Mingbo Yue,Chang Liu,Xiaoyu Xu,Qiang Fu
A Novel Mechanistic Insight: Heat disrupts CDs-SP bonds irreversibly, lowering FRET for thermal-memory photochromism & self-erasing encryption. • A Simple yet Powerful Material System: Enables photo/thermal dual tuning via irreversible temperature-tuned H-bond/FRET modulation, with thermal memory. • Cutting-Edge Applications: A “stepwise decryption-self-destruction” dual system boosts optical anti-counterfeiting anti-cracking & non-replicability. Photochromic materials are promising for advanced optical anti-counterfeiting and dynamic information encryption. However, traditional spiropyran (SP)-based solid films suffer from low photoswitching efficiency, poor cycling stability, and single stimulus response. Herein, a temperature-memory photochromic composite film (CDs-SP-PMMA) was fabricated via a simple solution-casting method. The hydrogen-bond network between CDs and SP enhances SP photoisomerization and enabled efficient Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) from CDs to the open-ring MC state. Preparation temperature irreversibly modulated hydrogen-bond structure and FRET efficiency, endowing the film with unique temperature-memory properties. The 30 °C film showed obvious green-to-orange-red fluorescence switching, while the 70 °C film only exhibited weak color change. The composite film presented excellent reversible photoswitching and cycling stability. Based on its temperature-dependent optical response, it was successfully applied in stepwise-decryption anti-counterfeiting and self-destructive information encryption. This work offered a novel design concept for multi-stimuli-responsive photochromic materials. By regulating hydrogen-bond structures and photoresponsive properties through temperature control, it effectively improved the color-changing performance of materials and further promoted the practical application of such materials in high-end information security and intelligent optoelectronic devices.
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DOI
高影响因子
DESIGNED MONOMERS AND POLYMERS
·
2015
·
IF 2.78
Si Chen,Hui Liu,Huanqing Cui,Jin Hu,Hongyan Cai
An amphiphilic random copolymer containing a monomer 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and a light-responsive unit 1′-(2-acryloxyethyl)-3′,3′- dimethyl-6-nitrospiro-(2H-1-benzopyran-2,2′-indoline) (SPMA) was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization. The solvatochromic and light responsive behaviors of the resulting P(SPMA-co-DMAEMA) copolymer in solution were investigated by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. The ‘negative’ solvatochromism upon the increasing solvents polarity was observed. A strong absorption band was recorded at 589 nm in THF, while the lower values were found at 542 and 520 nm in methanol and water, respectively. Moreover, the random copolymer exhibited a good cycling performance by the alternating illumination with ultraviolet (UV) and visible (Vis) lights. Finally, we studied the complexation of zwitterionic merocyanine (MC) with divalent metal ions, and an obvious shift of the location for the maximum absorption peak was found upon addition of Co2+ or Mn2+. A slight color change of the copolymer solution from blue to purple after complexation with Co2+ or Mn2+ was also observed and this phenomenon might provide a potential visual observation for the complexation of P(SPMA-co-DMAEMA) with different metal ions.
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION
·
2018
·
IF 1.911
Xueqing Zou,Xiaozhen Xiao,Shixiong Zhang,Jiajun Zhong,Yulin Hou,Liqiong Liao
Herein, a photo-switchable and thermal-enhanced fluorescent hydrogel has been fabricated from N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) with a mixture of water-soluble acryloyl-α-cyclodextrin/acryloyl-α-cyclodextrin-spiropyran (acryloyl-α-CD/ acryloyl-α-CD-SP) as cross-linkers. The physical properties, photochromic properties, and fluorescent behavior of the hydrogel were characterized. The fluorescence emission of the hydrogel can be reversibly switched ‘on/off’ by UV/visible light irradiation, and meanwhile the fluorescence intensity can be enhanced by increasing the temperature above the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) of the hydrogel. The hydrogel also shows spatiotemporal fluorescent behavior, excellent cytocompatibility, and fatigue resistance in photochromic and photo-switchable fluorescent behaviors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 4.291
Guojie Liu,Yiwei Li,Congcong Cui,Min Wang,He Gao,Jun Gao,Jingbo Wang
1′-(4′-carboxybutyl) −3′, 3′-dimethyl-6-nitro-8-hydroxylspiro [chromene-2, 2′-indoline] (SPC) is a visual, selective, and sensitive detector to lead (Pb 2+ ) ions. The presence of 8 -hydroxyl in pyran ring makes SPC have a remarkable solvatochromism in polar solvents (SPC can isomerize to the ring-opening body (Mcc) spontaneously under visible light conditions), ascribed to the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds . The color and spectrum of the Mcc solution could be changed instantly and significantly by addition of Pb 2+ , and Mcc showed excellent selectivity to Pb 2+ in the simulated lead–zinc ore leachate. The complex Mcc - Pb 2+ , with a stoichiometry ratio of 1:1, can stably exist under visible light conditions, which is attributed to the interaction between Pb 2+ and the deprotonated carboxy (–COO — ), phenolic oxygen atom and 8-hydroxyl of the Mcc, and the whole process does not need UV irradiation, avoiding the serious photo-degradation of spiropyran derivatives. The low limit of detection (0.61 μM) and the established test strips indicate that SPC has the potential to be applied in the quantitative detection of Pb 2+ in real samples.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2025
·Vol. 26
·期 4
·1531
·
IF 4.9
Junji Xuan,Lingjie Chen,Jintao Tian
Spiropyran has an attractive and mysterious fluorescence switch and dual-color conversion characteristics, as it exhibits both aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) in solvents and fluorescence enhancement in polymer matrices. The explanation for this phenomenon has always been of great controversy. Hence, the solvent effect on the emission of spiropyran (SP) was investigated in 16 solvents. By means of molecular orbital theory and the Jablonski diagram, several special parameters (e.g., Hansen solubility parameters and viscosity) were selected for this analysis, with excellent goodness of fit. Subsequently, the main factors that affected the blue shift, red shift, and luminescence efficiency of the emission of the ring-opened form merocyanine (MC) were found to be the hydrogen bonding and polarity, aggregation effect, and viscosity, respectively. A newly modified Jablonski diagram was proposed to clarify the emission behaviors of spiropyran influenced by solvent polarity and isomerization. Meanwhile, the solvent effect could also be extended to a solid polymer matrix (six kinds of polyethylene glycol (PEG) with different molecular weights), which is proposed to be defined as the generalized solvent effect. Accordingly, we have demonstrated that the unique fluorescence properties of spiropyran are dominated by the generalized solvent effect. The security information storage capacity of the simulated quick response (QR) code sensor combined withSPfor anti-counterfeiting was significantly improved to six dimensions in taking advantage of the former theoretical analysis.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
·
光学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Kun Qian,Yan Shao,Zairan Yang,Shimei Jiang
Photoresponsive polymer materials, in particular, light-driven liquid crystal polymer networks (LCNs) have attracted much attention due to their rapid and significant capacity for photodeformation. However, a single shape change could not meet the growing needs of the information encryption field. Therefore, we aimed to find a photoluminescent and photochromic LCN to enrich the application of photodeformable materials. Here, a light-driven LCN consisting of two distinct kinds of photosensitive moieties, cyanostilbene (CS) and spiropyran (SP), named CS∙SP∙LCN, has been designed and synthesized. The resultant LCN film displayed multiple photo/thermal responsive properties. On the one hand, the trans – cis photoisomerization of CS gave the film capacity for photodeformation. On the other hand, the reversible conversion between ring-closed SP and ring-opened merocyanine (MC) under alternating stimulation of UV irradiation and heating gave the film capacity for tunable photoluminescence and photochromism. The CS∙SP∙LCN film can bend and change color/luminescence under UV irradiation, leading to multi-element writing simultaneously. Then, the written information could be hidden by heating and stretching. Notably, the film resumed bending after the second heating due to the good stability of the cis isomer of CS, realizing the first decryption. Finally, the color/luminescence of the film resumed after the second UV irradiation, completing the second decryption of the information. The CS∙SP∙LCN films synthesized in this study could realize multi-element encryption and step-by-step decryption through the cooperation of CS and SP, achieving more advanced information storage and encryption possibilities.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学
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DOI
高影响因子
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