Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), a group of nourishing and health-promoting nutrients, ameliorate age-related chronic diseases. However, how PUFA especially n-3 PUFA exert anti-aging functions remains poorly understood. Here we link fish oil, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) to the aging etiology via a redox-telomere-antioncogene axis based on D-galactose-induced aging mice. Both fish oil and PUFA enhanced hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities and cardiac SOD activities within the range of 18%-46%, 26%-65% and 19%-58%, respectively, whereas reduced cerebral monoamine oxidase activity, plasma F 2 -isoprostane level and cerebral lipid peroxidation level by 56%-90%, 20%-79% and 16%-54%, respectively. Thus, PUFA improve the in vivo redox and oxidative stress induced aging process, which however does not exhibit a dose-dependent manner. Notably, both PUFA and fish oil effectively inactivated testicular telomerase and inhibited c-Myc -mediated telomerase reverse transcriptase expression, whereas n-3 PUFA rather than n-6 PUFA protected liver and testes against telomere shortening within the range of 13%-25% and 25%-27%, respectively. Therefore, n-3 PUFA may be better at inhibiting the DNA damage induced aging process. Surprisingly, only DHA significantly suppressed cellular senescence pathway evidenced by testicular antioncogene p16 and p53 expression. This work provides evident support for the crosstalk between PUFA especially n-3 PUFA and the aging process via maintaining the in vivo redox homeostasis, rescuing age-related telomere attrition and down-regulating the antioncogene expression.
Liangrui Lv,Wei Yuan,Juanjuan Hu,Xuyuan Chen,Tingting Zhang,Jie Cheng,Xiaoying Wang
Protein tumor marker (PTM) analysis is of great significance for the early diagnosis and process monitoring of tumors. However, the clinical reference value of a single PTM is restricted, and existing tests for multiple PTMs majorly suffer from complex processes and poor sensitivity. Herein, a cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) and protein c-Myc (AGc-Myc) with a positive feedback path in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was chosen as a dual PTM, and a magnetic electrochemical immunosensor (MEI) for their simultaneous detection was successfully established. Fe3O4 coated with a gold nanoparticle (MAu)-functionalized magnetic electrode (f-MGE) was of benefit to immobilize two capture antibodies (CAb) through internal forces and external magnetic fields. By a mechanical alloying (MA) method, two photoelectric materials osmosed bimetallic-matrix nanospheres (Bi-MPE), including luminol and Ru(bpy)32+ osmosed AuNPs–AgNPs nanoalloy (Lu@AuAg and Ru@AuAg), were prepared as innovative signal probes. Lu@AuAg and Ru@AuAg not only exhibit superior electrochemical properties than photoelectric material osmosed monometallic-matrix nanospheres but can directly label detection antibodies (DAb) without complex reaction conditions and additional functionalization. After immunological reactions, the distinguishable differential voltammetry pulse signals were obtained at +0.48 and +1.13 V, corresponding to AGc-Myc and CIP2A, respectively. The proposed assay showed a good linear response range from 5 pg L–1 to 5 ng L–1 for AGc-Myc and 50 pg L–1 to 50 ng L–1 for CIP2A, and a low limit of detection of 2.5 pg L–1 and 25 pg mL–1, respectively. The MEI also exhibited satisfactory selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. Moreover, when the proposed method and the ELISA kit were simultaneously applied to saliva samples of OSCC patients, the obtained results were completely consistent, reflecting the clinical practicability of this work.
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