JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
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2025
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IF 6
Taozhong Zhang,Wanzhong Yin,Weifan Du,Xiaoqi Ban,Wenju Sun,Chao Yin,Jin Yao
Selective separation of molybdenite and chalcopyrite by flotation remains challenging due to their similar flotation behaviors and the environmental risks associated with traditional inorganic depressants. In this study, an environmentally friendly reagent, 2-mercaptonicotinic acid (2-MNA), was investigated as an effective depressant for the selective separation of molybdenite from chalcopyrite. Micro-flotation experiments demonstrated that, under non-acidic conditions, 2-MNA markedly depressed chalcopyrite but showed negligible effect on molybdenite, resulting in efficient mineral separation. For artificially mixed minerals, at pH 8 and a 2-MNA dosage of 25 mg/L, molybdenite recovery reached 93.75 % while chalcopyrite recovery decreased to 5.28 %. Characterization of interfacial chemistry through zeta potential and surface wettability analyses demonstrated that 2-MNA showed a strong affinity for chalcopyrite, significantly decreasing chalcopyrite’s hydrophobicity, while showing little interaction with molybdenite. The combined evidence from FTIR, XPS, and DFT calculations confirmed that 2-MNA was predominantly chemisorbed on chalcopyrite through S–Cu and N–Cu coordination, thereby effectively inhibiting chalcopyrite flotation. These findings demonstrate that 2-MNA is a promising green depressant, enabling effective separation of Cu–Mo sulfide minerals.
研究领域:
矿物加工
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表面化学
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浮选技术
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环境化学
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硫化矿分离
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
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IF 6.6
Taozhong Zhang,Wanzhong Yin,Jin Yao,Wenju Sun,Xiaoqi Ban,Weifan Du
Glutathione (GSH) was first introduced for efficient pyrite depression under neutral pH conditions. • GSH enabled efficient flotation separation of molybdenite from pyrite, maintaining high selectivity. • GSH interacted with pyrite through dominant Fe–S coordination and markedly enhanced surface hydrophilicity. The selective separation of molybdenite from pyrite remains a longstanding challenge in sulfide flotation, while conventional lime-based alkaline depression is often associated with high reagent consumption, environmental concerns, and reduced molybdenite recovery. In this study, glutathione (GSH) was employed as a selective organic depressant for pyrite in a molybdenite–pyrite flotation system. At pH 7.0 and 40.0 mg/L GSH, micro-flotation tests showed excellent selectivity, reducing pyrite recovery to 2.75% while maintaining molybdenite recovery above 95%. Bench-scale flotation of an actual molybdenum ore confirmed the practical applicability of GSH, producing a Mo concentrate with 49.67% Mo grade and 81.28% recovery. The selective depression mechanism was clarified by integrating adsorption measurements, zeta-potential analysis, wettability measurements, XPS, and DFT calculations. The results revealed stronger interfacial affinity of GSH for pyrite than for molybdenite, enhancing pyrite hydrophilicity. XPS analysis indicated that –SH, –C=O, and –NH 2 groups participated in interactions with surface Fe sites, while DFT identified Fe–S coordination between –SH and surface Fe atoms as the dominant adsorption mode responsible for selective surface regulation and effective pyrite depression. These findings clarify the interfacial mechanism underlying GSH-mediated selective pyrite depression and provide a promising strategy for efficient molybdenite–pyrite flotation separation under neutral conditions. Download: Download high-res image (248KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2017
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IF 3.359
Zhigang Yin,Wei Sun,Yuehua Hu,Chenhu Zhang,Qingjun Guan,Runqing Liu,Pan Chen,MengJie Tian
The flotation response of chalcopyrite and molybdenite when using a novel compound, acetic acid-[(hydrazinylthioxomethyl)thio]-sodium (AHS), as the depressant was investigated through micro-flotation and batch flotation in this study. The depressing mechanisms were studied by means of zeta potential, FTIR and XPS measurements. The micro and bench flotation results indicated that AHS exhibited a strong influence on the depression of chalcopyrite and had little effect on the flotation of molybdenite minerals; these results might be attributed to the significant improvement of the molybdenite/chalcopyrite selectivity index after the addition of AHS. The results of the FTIR spectra, zeta potential and XPS measurements indicated that AHS chemisorbs onto the chalcopyrite surface through its S and N atoms, forming a five-membered cheat ring. A possible depressant mechanism along with a postulated adsorption mode for the surface interaction between AHS and chalcopyrite are provided.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
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2026
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IF 6
Taozhong Zhang,Wanzhong Yin,Jin Yao,Xiaoqi Ban,Weifan Du,Wenju Sun
A small-molecule pyrite depressant, trisodium cyanurate (Na 3 CA), is proposed. • Na 3 CA enables selective separation of molybdenite from pyrite under low-alkalinity conditions. • The selectivity originates from preferential Na 3 CA adsorption on pyrite. • O and N donor groups are identified as key sites for Na 3 CA adsorption on pyrite. Conventional molybdenite–pyrite flotation commonly relies on CaO to depress pyrite under strongly alkaline conditions, which requires high reagent dosages and may raise environmental concerns. Developing efficient pyrite depressants for low-alkalinity conditions is therefore highly desirable for molybdenite flotation. This study employed trisodium cyanurate (Na 3 CA) as a pyrite depressant and investigated its flotation selectivity and interfacial interaction mechanism. Single-mineral flotation tests showed that Na 3 CA exhibited high separation selectivity, maintaining molybdenite recovery at 96.78 % while reducing pyrite recovery to 3.10 % at pH 8.0 and 40.0 mg/L. Bench-scale flotation of real molybdenum ore confirmed the applicability of Na 3 CA, achieving a Mo concentrate with a Mo grade of 47.25 % and a recovery of 79.90 %. Integrated interfacial investigations based on wettability, zeta potential, FT-IR, XPS, and DFT analyses indicated that Na 3 CA exhibited a stronger adsorption affinity for pyrite than for molybdenite, thereby markedly enhancing the hydrophilicity of pyrite. FT-IR, XPS, and DFT analyses further indicate that this selectivity is mainly associated with chemisorption interactions involving the O and N donor atoms of Na 3 CA and surface Fe sites on pyrite. These findings indicate that Na 3 CA is a promising selective pyrite depressant for molybdenite–pyrite flotation separation under low-alkalinity conditions.
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高影响因子
Chemical Engineering Journal Advances
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2025
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IF 7.1
Xiangwen Lv,Anruo Luo,Xiong Tong,Jianhua Chen,Sheng Jian
Copper and molybdenum, crucial strategic metals with frequent natural co-occurrence, require highly selective depressants for their flotation separation. However, diminishing ore quality and environmental constraints challenge traditional separation approaches. This study introduces novel 2-(carbamimidoylthio) acetic acid (CAA) as a green depressant for chalcopyrite in copper-molybdenum separation. Through integrated experimental analyses (microflotation, contact angle, FT-IR, TOF-SIMS, XPS) and DFT simulations, we reveal CAA's selective depression mechanism. Results demonstrate CAA significantly enhances chalcopyrite surface hydrophilicity through dual mechanisms: stable triple-bond chelate formation via electron donation from N/S atoms to Fe 3+ /Cu + ions, and hydrogen-bond induced water adsorption through acetic acid groups. Crucially, even with the use of a powerful collector, ethyxanthate, CAA maintains high molybdenite recovery (88.76 %) while effectively depressing chalcopyrite (29.12 %). The elucidated structure-function relationship of CAA's functional groups provides theoretical guidance for developing eco-friendly flotation reagents. This advancement addresses critical challenges in processing complex ores, offering environmental and economic benefits through reduced reagent consumption and improved resource utilization efficiency.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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理论与应用化学
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环境科学
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高影响因子
PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY
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2024
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IF 2.6
Rong Zhang,Zhuannian Liu,Taoli Chen
Developing cost-effective and efficient photo-Fenton catalysts is crucial for advancing photo-Fenton technology. MoS 2 is a representative transition metal disulfide with attractive photoresponsiveness, making it ideal for preparing composite photo-Fenton catalysts. In this study, natural molybdenite was innovatively utilized as a source of MoS 2 (OM) to synthesize a low-cost and efficient Fe@MoS 2 (OMF) composite photo-Fenton catalyst by comminution and adsorption, which was then applied to the remediation of antibiotic-contaminated water. The OMF composites exhibited significant catalytic activity, with a kinetic rate constant of 0.022 min −1 , which was 3.1 times higher than that of the original OM (0.007 min −1 ), indicating a 3% increase. This was attributed to the synergistic effect of many photogenerated electrons and reversible Mo 4+ /Mo 6+ redox pairs, which accelerated the regeneration of Fe 2+ . After three cyclic tests, the concentrations of dissolved Fe 2+ and Mo 2+ ions remained below 0.38 mg/L and 0.17 mg/L, respectively. This indicates the high reusability of the catalyst in cyclic experiments. Ultimately, the main active species, •OH and •O 2 − , were generated during the photo-Fenton process, contributing significantly to TC degradation. This study may serve as a reference for the development and application of natural mineral composite photo-Fenton catalysts in the treatment of organic wastewater.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2025
·Vol. 30
·期 6
·1396
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IF 4.6
Xiangwen Lv,Anruo Luo,Xiong Tong,Jianhua Chen,Sheng Jian
Chalcopyrite and molybdenite are vital strategic metal resources. Due to their close association in ores, flotation methods are commonly used for separation. The flotation separation method primarily employs the “copper depression and molybdenum flotation” process, enhancing the wettability difference between chalcopyrite and molybdenite through a chalcopyrite depressant. Traditional depressants often face challenges, including low selectivity, high dosage requirements, poor stability, and significant environmental pollution, highlighting the need for new, highly selective green reagents. This study introduces the novel chalcopyrite depressant 2-mercapto-6-methylpyrimidin-4-ol (MMO) for flotation separation. The influence of MMO on chalcopyrite and molybdenite flotation recovery was examined through microflotation experiments. Additionally, the effects of MMO and ethyl xanthate on surface wettability were assessed via contact angle measurements. The adsorption microstructure and interaction mechanism of MMO on chalcopyrite were elucidated using FT-IR, TOF-SIMS, and XPS analyses and DFT simulations. Results indicate that MMO enhances chalcopyrite hydrophilicity and exhibits a strong depressing effect on its flotation, while minimally impacting molybdenite recovery. Thus, it serves as an effective depressant. During adsorption, N and S atoms in MMO donate electrons to Fe and Cu ions, leading to triple bond adsorption and a stable chelate structure. These findings are crucial for achieving a greener and more efficient flotation separation of copper and molybdenum.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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化学工程
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2022
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IF 5.518
Jian Peng,Wei Sun,Haisheng Han,Leming Ou,Jianhua Chen,Yuanjia Luo
Herein, a new and environmentally friendly process scheme containing PGA as depressant and Z200 as collector for chalcopyrite-molybdenite bulk flotation and STG as depressant for chalcopyrite/molybdenite separation flotation was applied to the separation of pyritic Cu-Mo sulfide ore from Daye, Hubei Province, China. The flotation results showed that the new process scheme not only can efficiently achieve the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite, but also can reduce the dosage of STG in chalcopyrite/molybdenite separation compared with the traditional process combining CaO and BX. The closed-circuit flotation experiment results further demonstrated this preferable result. Besides, the differences in the adsorption of STG on the chalcopyrite (112) surface in the presence of Z200 and BX were investigated by first-principles calculations at the atomic level. The calculation results showed that the STG adsorption on chalcopyrite (112) surface in the presence of Z200 was easier than that in the presence of BX, and the STG adsorption weakened the Z200 adsorption on chalcopyrite (112) surface, which provides atomic-scale explanations to the less STG dosage in chalcopyrite/molybdenite separation. This new reagent scheme has environmental advantages and great reference value for the separation of other pyritic copper-molybdenum sulfide ores.
研究领域:
矿物学
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材料科学
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环境科学
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高影响因子
RSC Advances
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2020
·Vol. 10
·期 70
·43012-43020
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IF 3.119
Shuonan Wang,Yun Hai,Bin Zhou,Hao Liu,Libing Liao
In the present work, low-cost natural molybdenite was used to make a MoS2/N-doped graphene composite through coulombic attraction with the aid of (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane and the electrochemical performance was greatly improved by solvent-free microwave irradiation for tens of seconds. The characterization results indicated that most (3-aminopropyl)-triethoxysilane can decompose and release N atoms to further improve the N-doping degree in NG during the microwave irradiation. In addition, the surface groups of N-doped graphene were removed and the particle size of MoS2 was greatly decreased after the microwave irradiation. As a result, the composite electrode prepared with microwave irradiation exhibited a better rate performance (1077.3 mA h g−1 at 0.1C and 638 mA h g−1 at 2C) than the sample prepared without microwave irradiation (1013.6 mA h g−1 at 0.1C and 459.1 mA h g−1 at 2C). Therefore, the present results suggest that solvent-free microwave irradiation is an effective way to improve the electrochemical properties of MoS2/N-doped graphene composite electrodes. This work also demonstrates that natural molybdenite is a promising low-cost anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源科学
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PubMed
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
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2026
·
IF 6
Taozhong Zhang,Wanzhong Yin,Jin Yao,Weifan Du,Xiaoqi Ban,Wenju Sun,Chao Yin
DM was first introduced as a galena depressant for Mo–Pb separation. • DM exhibited high selectivity by strongly depressing galena while exerting minimal effect on molybdenite. • DM chemisorbed on galena through S/N–Pb coordination and markedly reduced surface hydrophobicity. The inherent similarity of the surface physicochemical properties of molybdenite and galena poses a substantial obstacle to their selective flotation separation. In this study, 4,6-diamino-2-mercaptopyrimidine (DM) was investigated as a potential selective depressant for galena. Under conditions of pH 8 and 20 mg/L DM, molybdenite recovery exceeded 98%, whereas galena recovery decreased to 11.25%, corresponding to a separation index of 22.96. A combination of multiscale interfacial characterization methods, including adsorption measurements, electrokinetic and wettability analyses, FTIR, XPS, and DFT calculations, was employed to clarify the interaction mechanism of DM at mineral surfaces. The results collectively indicate that DM exhibits stronger adsorption on galena than on molybdenite, thereby significantly enhancing the hydrophilicity of galena. FTIR, XPS, and DFT analyses further indicate that the selectivity originates from chemisorptive interaction between DM and surface Pb sites through the involvement of its S and N donor atoms. Overall, these findings highlight the considerable potential of DM for the selective flotation separation of molybdenite from galena and provide mechanistic insight into the rational design and optimization of selective flotation strategies. Download: Download high-res image (288KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 4.3
Hu Sun,Mengyu You,Zhuoxun Yang,Bingbing Liu,Yanfang Huang,Guihong Han
Existing methods for producing pure MoO 3 from low-grade molybdenite concentrates suffers from complex unit operations, suboptimal metal recovery, excessive reagent/energy consumption, and substantial wastewater generation. This work presents a novel metaphosphate-quartz-assisted volatilization roasting process for the direct preparation of pure MoO 3 from pelletized low-grade molybdenite concentrates. Single-factor experiments demonstrated that the addition of Al(PO 3 ) 3 and quartz significantly increased molybdenum recovery (by over 25 %) while maintaining pellet structural integrity during roasting. The optimal result—97.1 % molybdenum volatilization efficiency—was achieved under the following conditions: a mass ratio of ore: Al(PO 3 ) 3 : quartz = 1: 0.2: 0.2, and temperature-programmed oxidative roasting from 900 °C to 1050 °C for 65 min. Additionally, the crystallized MoO 3 volatile exhibited a high purity of 99.9 % and was further upgraded to 99.99 % purity through a simple water washing. The intensification of molybdenum separation was attributed to two primary mechanisms: (i) Al(PO 3 ) 3 triggered decomposition reactions of molybdates, releasing volatile MoO 3 ; (ii) quartz expansion and interconnected pyrophosphate/phosphate networks maintained a mechanically robust yet porous structure that enabled efficient MoO 3 transfer while reducing vapor contamination caused by dust. In general, the new approach can overcome the negative effects derived from impurities, and offers significant advantages, including much fewer procedures, lower reagent consumption, zero wastewater discharge, and high molybdenum recovery.
研究领域:
冶金学
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矿物加工
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提取冶金
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可持续工程
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无机化学
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DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
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2023
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IF 5.2
Yuanjia Luo,Leming Ou,Wei Sun,Haisheng Han,Jianhua Chen,Jian Peng
To date, lime-free flotation processes are increasingly advocated due to many problems caused by the traditional process using lime (CaO) as a depressant and xanthate (BX) as a collector. In this work, we developed a combination of pyrogallic acid (PGA) and o-isopropyl ethylthiocarbamate (Z200) as an eco-friendly alternative to the lime-xanthate process for chalcopyrite-molybdenite (ccp-mlb) flotation. Roughing flotation experiments showed that this process yields ccp-mlb concentrate with similar recovery and grade of Cu and Mo as in the traditional lime-xanthate process. However, the huge advantage of the novel process is that it requires ten times lower dosages of sodium sulfide in the subsequent separation of ccp-mlb concentrate. The ab initio calculations explained this trend at the atomistic level, where hydrogen sulfide ions could desorb collector more easily from the Z200@ccp complex compared with BX@ccp. The same method could be applied for environmentally friendly separations of other resources with similar composition.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
·
理论化学
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高影响因子
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