INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Zhuwei Wang,Qinqiu Zhang,Danka Bukvicki,Yi Xu,Yue Peng,Fan Li,Qing Zhang,Shuxiang Liu,Jing Yan,Shang Lin,Wen Qin
Okra is susceptible to browning during storage. The effects of konjac glucomannan/microcapsule of thymol edible coating (TKL) on antioxidant activity and reactive oxygen (ROS) synthesis of okra during low-temperature storage were investigated. Thymol edible coating of thymol concentration 40 mg/mL (TKL40) had a regulatory effect on okra browning. After 14 days of storage, compared with the control group, the weight loss rate of TKL was reduced by 5.26 %, the hardness was increased by 24.14 %, and the L ⁎ value was increased by 31 %. Moreover, TKL40 increased the scavenging capacity of okra for DPPH and ABTS free radicals, and activated catalase and superoxide dismutase activities by promoting the accumulation of total phenolics and flavonoids. TKL40 also reduced the cell membrane damage of okra during low-temperature storage by reducing the increase of malondialdehyde and H 2 O 2 during okra storage. Meanwhile, it delayed the increase of relative conductivity and the production of O 2 .- , inhibited the activity of polyphenol oxidase in the late stage, so reduced the combination of polyphenol oxidase and phenolics to reduce the browning. Therefore, TKL40 reduces okra pericarp browning by regulating antioxidant activity and ROS synthesis.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Chenggang Song,Na Guo,Aoran Xue,Chengguo Jia,Wuliang Shi,Mingyuan Liu,Mingzhe Zhang,Jianchun Qin
Mycotoxins are representative contaminants causing food losses and food safety problems worldwide. Thymol can effectively inhibit pathogen infestation and aflatoxin accumulation during grain storage, but high volatility limits its application. Here, a thymol-betaine co-crystal system was synthesized through grinding-induced self-assembly. The THY-TMG co-crystal exhibited excellent thermal stability with melting point of 91.2 °C owing to abundant intermolecular interactions . Remarkably, after 15 days at 30 °C, the release rate of thymol from co-crystal was only 55%, far surpassing that of pure thymol. Notably, the co-crystal demonstrated the ability to bind H 2 O in the environment while controlling the release of thymol, essentially acting as a desiccant . Moreover, the co-crystals effectively inhibited the growth of Aspergillus flavus and the biosynthesis of aflatoxin B 1 . In practical terms, the THY-TMG co-crystal was successful in preventing AFB 1 contamination and nutrients loss in peanuts, thereby prolonging their shelf-life under conditions of 28 °C and 70% RH.
研究领域:
食品安全
·
微生物学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Zhou Huang,Ming Zhou,Baijun Ma,Hao Luo,Yucheng Jiao,Shi Chen
To overcome the challenges of volatile active agents and the limited functionality of biopolymer-based packaging, a novel synergistic strategy was devised by constructing a biomimetic “organelle-cytoplasm-cell wall” system within a chitosan/sodium alginate (CS/SA) matrix. This was achieved by simultaneously incorporating citric acid as a covalent crosslinker and porous starch (PS) pre-loaded with thymol (THY) as a sustained-release organelle. The synergistic interplay between the robust cross-linked network and the PS-THY capsules endowed the composite film (CS-c-SA/PS-THY) with exceptional comprehensive properties: a 42.23% enhancement in tensile strength, an order-of-magnitude reduction in water vapor permeability (7.11 g/(m 2 ·24 h)), and a 23 °C increase in thermal decomposition temperature. Crucially, the film achieved sustained and controlled THY release that obeyed Fickian diffusion, which underpinned its potent, long-lasting antioxidant (75.82% DPPH scavenging) and antibacterial (inhibition zones >18 mm) efficacy. In practical pork preservation, the CS-c-SA/PS-THY significantly outperformed the control and the CS-c-SA/THY, effectively inhibiting microbial growth and quality deterioration to extend the shelf life by at least 4 days. This work provides a scalable and fundamental strategy for developing high-performance, sustainable active packaging.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Food Quality and Safety
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Ba Liangjie,Luo Chenglin,Wang Xiaogang,Ye Shengjie,Luo Donglan,Cao Sen
Blueberries are prone to softening and rotting shortly after harvest, which not only complicates post-harvest preservation but also significantly impairs their quality. In this study, the regulatory mechanism of thymol pre-harvest treatment on the quality and ascorbic acid-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle of blueberries during storage was investigated. The results demonstrated that thymol treatment impeded the decline of total flavonoids, total phenols, reducing sugars, and starch content in blueberry fruit. In addition, thymol treatment suppressed the activities of α-amylase, β-amylase, and total amylase. In addition, thymol increased the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR) and maintained high AsA and GSH contents and AsA/(AsA + DHA) and GSH/(GSH + oxidized glutathione (GSSG)) ratios in blueberries. In conclusion, thymol improved the overall postharvest antioxidant capacity of blueberries and maintained their quality by delaying the reduction of antioxidants, inducing antioxidant enzyme activities, and enhancing the metabolic activities of the AsA-GSH cycle. Therefore, thymol pre-harvest treatment can serve as an efficient and natural pre-harvest treatment agent for preserving postharvest blueberry quality, effectively maintaining the post-harvest quality of blueberries and extending their storage life.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 87
·期 9
·4119-4136
·
IF 3.693
Huxuan Wang,Zhonghua Peng,Cong Wang,Yanan Zhu,Fei Xia,Hongmin Sun
This work aimed for the first time to provide detailed insights into thymol and trans -cinnamaldehyde's mechanisms of action on the food-spoilage yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii and offers evidence in favor of the activation of an apoptosis-like phenotype. The action mechanisms of thymol and trans -cinnamaldehyde were investigated by the measurement of a series of typical apoptotic features using flow cytometer or microplate reader. Moreover, quantitative reverse transcription PCR (QRT-PCR) was performed to investigate the effects of thymol and trans -cinnamaldehyde on the transcription of key regulators of apoptosis in Z. rouxii . The results indicated that the treatment of Z. rouxii with thymol or trans -cinnamaldehyde (minimum inhibitory and subinhibitory concentrations) triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, elevated intracellular Ca 2+ level, and depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) coupled with hallmarks of apoptosis including mitochondrial cytochrome c (cyt c) release, metacaspase activation, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, and DNA fragmentation. Moreover, thymol or trans -cinnamaldehyde treatment upregulated the transcription of proapoptotic regulators including Yca 1, Dnm 1, Nuc 1, Ndi 1, and Mmi 1 and downregulated the transcription of antiapoptotic regulators of Fis 1 and Cdc 48, further confirming the apoptosis induced by thymol and trans -cinnamaldehyde in Z. rouxii . In summary, thymol and trans -cinnamaldehyde probably induced apoptosis through a metacaspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway in Z. roxuii . These findings provide theoretical support for the development of safe and efficient agents used in food preservation. Practical Application The results will provide a new idea for the systematic analysis of the antifungal mechanisms of thymol and trans -cinnamaldehyde and also provide a theoretical support for the development and application of natural food preservatives, which is of positive significance for the effective control of the spoilage caused by Z. rouxii in food processing and storage and the protection of consumers’ health.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
·
药理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2020
·
IF 5.162
Ting Liu,Liu Liu
The purposes of this study were to develop stable thyme essential oil chitosan nanoemulsions (TEO-CSs) and thymol chitosan nanoemulsions (T-CSs), and to evaluate their characterization and antibacterial properties. The effects of the TEO-CSs and T-CSs on preservation of refrigerated pork at 4 °C were also assessed. The results indicated that the mean particle size values of the TEO-CSs and T-CSs were 139.47 and 123.30 nm, and the encapsulation efficiencies were 80.99% and 70.72%. The absolute zeta potential values of the TEO-CSs and T-CSs were 30.87 and 32.42 mV respectively, indicating that the stable TEO-CSs and T-CSs were fabricated. The information on FTIR, XRD and TGA inferred that chitosan was physically mixed with thymol and TEO without chemical reaction, and the antibacterial properties of thymol and TEO still remained. Furthermore, the antibacterial assays verified that the TEO-CSs and T-CSs strongly inhibited Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) planktonic bacteria and biofilms. Fresh pork treated with the TEO-CSs and T-CSs had significantly improved color parameters (a ⁎ , b ⁎ , L ⁎ and ΔE values) during storage at 4 °C. The TEO-CSs and T-CSs effectively extended the shelf life of refrigerated pork to more than 6 days by measuring the pH values and total viable count (TVC) of bacteria. Our results highlighted that the TEO-CSs and T-CSs, as natural novel antibacterial packaging materials, had outstanding antibacterial activities and effectively preserved food.
研究领域:
食品科学与技术
·
食品纳米技术
·
抗菌包装
·
食品保鲜
·
应用微生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Micro & Nano Letters
·
2021
·Vol. 16
·期 10
·500-505
·
IF 1.102
Dejuan Fa,Yuqing Miao
By hydrothermal reaction, the hydrangea-like ZnS/ZnIn 2 S 4 microspheres were prepared in the presence of thioacetamide. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy confirmed that the ultra-long nanowires are composed of ZnS and ZnIn 2 S 4 . Scanning electron microscopy showed the morphology of ultra-thin nanosheets with an average thickness of 8.5 nm cross from inside to outside, forming ZnS/ZnIn 2 S 4 microspheres with a porous diameter of about 2.8 μm. Nitrogen adsorption desorption isotherm determined that the BET specific surface area of the microspheres was 109.19 m 2 /g which showed that they have a large specific surface area. The obtained ZnS/ZnIn 2 S 4 microspheres showed broad absorbance ranging from UV (200 nm) to visible (520 nm) with low indirect band gaps of 2.08 eV. It leads to outstanding visible-light-driven photocatalysis for the degradation of xylenol orange (XO) and thymol blue (TB) in water, and the two dyes were almost completely degraded after 60 and 135 min, respectively. This provides new potential to explore nanomaterials for efficient photo-driven degradation of organic dyes under visible light irradiation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
·
2022
·Vol. 132
·期 5
·3937-3950
·
IF 4.059
Liang Siwei,Hu Xinyi,Wang Ruifei,Fang Meimei,Yu Yigang,Xiao Xinglong
AimsTo reveal the antibacterial mechanism of the combination of thymol and cinnamaldehyde to Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19115 on autoclaved chicken breast.Methods and ResultsIn this study, L. monocytogenes ATCC 19115 on autoclaved chicken breast was exposed to the stress of 125 μg/ml thymol and 125 μg/ml cinnamaldehyde, and transcriptome analysis was used to reveal the crucial antibacterial mechanism. According to the results, 1303 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Treated by thymol and cinnamaldehyde in combination, pyrimidine and branched‐chain amino acid biosynthesis of L. monocytogenes were thwarted which impairs its nucleic acid biosynthesis and intracellular metabolism. The up‐regulated DEGs involved in membrane composition and function contributed to membrane repair. Besides, pyruvate catabolism and TCA cycle were restrained which brought about the disturbance of amino acid metabolism. ABC transporters were also perturbed, for instance, the uptake of cysteine, D‐methionine, and betaine was activated, while the uptake of vitamin, iron, and carnitine was repressed. Thus, L. monocytogenes tended to activate PTS, glycolysis, glycerol catabolism, and pentose phosphate pathways to obtain energy to adapt to the hostile condition. Noticeably, DEGs involved in virulence factors were totally down‐regulated, including genes devoted to encoding flagella, chemotaxis, biofilm formation, internalin as well as virulence gene clusters.ConclusionsThe combination of thymol and cinnamaldehyde is effective to reduce the survival and potential virulence of L. monocytogenes on autoclaved chicken breast.Significance and Impact of StudyThis work contributes to providing theoretical information for the application and optimization of thymol and cinnamaldehyde in ready‐to‐eat meat products to inhibit L. monocytogenes.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Chaoyi Shen,Yuting Ma,Di Wu,Pingwei Liu,Yong He,Kunsong Chen
Thymol (THY) is commonly used in active food packaging, however because of its high volatility, poor water solubility, and strong aromatic odor, the application of THY is facing challenges. Herein, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) were synthesized in room temperature by asymmetric monomer exchange method for THY encapsulation, and solution blow spinning was used to fabricate the THY@COF/polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibrous films. The synthesized COFs had a large specific surface area, porous structure, and loading capacity of 30.35% for THY, and THY@COFs possessed good thermal stability. Characterization analysis showed that THY@COFs were successfully incorporated into the PCL films and increased the barrier property of the films. Besides, the films showed good biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. Moreover, THY@COF/PCL films exhibited temperature-responsive THY release profiles, which is important for practical preservation applications, especially for preserving food in warm environments. Overall, THY@COF/PCL films possess promising potential in active food packaging.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
食品科学
·
化学工程
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 8
ZiHan Wang,MengHuan Liu,QiHang Bu,Ning Jiang,Jia Kan,RongXue Sun,QianYuan Liu,Cheng Wang
Food packaging films and preservatives can extend the shelf life of aquatic products, but removing the fishy odor remains a huge challenge. This study reports the successful fabrication of high-performance nanofiber films integrated with deodorization, antibacterial and antioxidant properties through electrospinning and based on the precise construction of micro/nano structure. Quaternary chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol were selected as electrospinning materials to prepare nanofiber films with varied micro/nano structures by adjusting the applied voltage. As the voltage was increased, the specific surface area and the pore area of the nanofiber films initially increased and then decreased. The larger pore area and specific surface area of nanofiber films offered more adsorption sites for fishy odor, thereby enhancing the capture of these odors. At the applied voltage of 20 kV, the electrospun nanofiber films exhibited the highest adsorption rate (78.28 %). Additionally, the addition of thymol endowed the nanofiber films with excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties, effectively extending the shelf life of grass carp while reducing the production of the fishy odor. Therefore, the strategies and mechanisms behind this superior performance were expected to inspire the design of novel aquatic products packaging films in the future.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
材料科学
·
包装工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
·
2021
·Vol. 27
·期 3
·712-722
·
IF 3.497
Yi-Di Kong,Min Li,Chang-Ge Xia,Jing Zhao,Xiao-tian Niu,Xiao-Feng Shan,Gui-Qin Wang
In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary thymol on growth, antioxidant status, liver health, immune response and disease resistance of snakehead fish ( Channa argus ) (initial weight, 11.86 ± 0.15 g). The fish were fed for 56 days with a basal diet supplemented with thymol at 0, 150, 300, 450, 600 and 750 mg/kg, leading to six experimental diets. The final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and specific growth rate (SGR) were increased as dietary thymol level increased, arriving a summit value at 450 mg/kg dietary thymol level, and then, values of these indices started to decrease when dietary thymol level further rose, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) is the opposite state. Our results showed a significant increase ( p < .05) in the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in liver, spleen, head kidney and intestine with diets supplemented with 300 and 450 mg/kg thymol compared to the control and significantly decrease ( p < .05) in the malondialdehyde (MDA) activity. Results showed that dietary supplementation with 300 and 450 mg/kg thymol significantly increased ( p < .05) the serum acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), lysozyme (LZM) activities and immunoglobulin M (IgM), complement 3 (C3), complement 4 (C4) concentrations of C. argus compared to the control, and decreased ( p < .05) the serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) activities. Moreover, the expression of HSP70 , TNF-α , IL-1β and IL-8 were down-regulated in liver, head kidney and intestine by dietary supplementation with 300 and 450 mg/kg thymol, and the expression of IL-10 and TGF-β was up-regulated. After challenge with Aeromonas veronii , survival rates in all thymol treatment groups were significantly increased ( p < .05). Consequently, our results indicate that adequate dietary supplementation thymol can effectively enhance the growth, antioxidant status, immune response and disease resistance of C. argus , and the optimum dietary thymol requirement for maximum WG of C. argus was estimated to be 356 mg/kg.
研究领域:
水产养殖
·
营养学
·
免疫学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 9.231
Jinming Dai,Wei Hu,Hongying Yang,Changzhu Li,Haiying Cui,Xiangzhou Li,Lin Lin
There are still many limitations in the application of natural active compounds in meat preservation. Herein, thymol was first inserted into the cavity of β -cyclodextrin ( β -CD) to form a stable inclusion complex (THY/ β -CD-IC). The computational investigation showed that the optimized complexation energy for THY/ β -CD-IC was −12.95 kcal mol −1 . It contributed to the improvement of the thermal stability of thymol in the inclusion compound. Furthermore, the functionalized nanofibers (THY/ β -CD-IC-NFs) loaded with THY/ β -CD-IC were successfully fabricated by electrospinning of the mixture of casein and polyethylene oxide. When dealing with protease-producing bacteria, controllable release of thymol from THY/ β -CD-IC-NFs was achieved through the response of casein to the hydrolysis of bacterial protease. The application results indicated that the prepared THY/ β -CD-IC-NFs had a long-term antimicrobial activity for chilled beef preservation during 7-days storage. The information from this study presents a feasible strategy for the development of natural extracts for use in meat preservation.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物材料
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）