Photonics Research
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 7
·1542-1547
·
IF 6.6
Zhibo Hou,Zhibo Hou,Liao Chen,Liao Chen,Rongwu Liu,Rongwu Liu,Chi Zhang,Chi Zhang,Xiaojun Wu,Xiaojun Wu,Xinliang Zhang,Xinliang Zhang,Xinliang Zhang
The terahertz (THz) absorption spectrum is a powerful method to identify substances. The improvement focuses on sensitivity and recovery ability. Here, we demonstrate enhanced THz vibrational absorption spectroscopy based on an on-chip THz whispering gallery mode resonator (THz-WGMR). A THz-WGMR with high Q can store energy and enhance the interaction between the THz waves and the target substances to capture the unique absorption fingerprint information. Therefore, it possesses significant sensitivity to identify trace amounts of substances. As a proof of concept, lactose powder and glucose powder are applied to demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in recovering fingerprint absorption spectroscopy. Compared with a straight waveguide, the high sensitivity of the THz-WGMR is illustrated. The change of the transmissivity caused by the lactose reaches 7.8 dB around 532 GHz for the THz-WGMR, while only 1.4 dB for the straight waveguide, demonstrating the state-of-the-art sensing performance in fingerprint absorption recovery. We believe the proposed integrated THz-WGMR will promote the THz identification of tiny fingerprint substances.
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Nanoscale
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 8
·4676-4686
·
IF 5.1
Bingying Chen,Junli Guo,Chen Chen,Yueling Shen,Yaoyao Yang,DengGuang Yu
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fabrics often possess good mechanical, waterproofing, and breathability properties. However, the resistance of TPU to excessive ultraviolet (UV) irradiation is poor and often does not meet the UV resistance requirements of fabrics. Electrospun nanofibers with a side-by-side structure can combine the advantages of different materials. Therefore, in this study, a series of Janus composite nanofiber membranes with side-by-side structures were prepared by eccentric electrospinning using polyacrylonitrile (PAN), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and TPU as raw materials. The Janus structure of the nanofibers was evident in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. Wettability and breathability tests showed that the nanofiber membranes exhibited waterproofing and breathability properties. The Janus composite nanofiber membrane with 1 wt% titanium dioxide TiO2 exhibited a UV-protection factor (UPF) as high as 1962 and a UV transmittance of less than 2.5%, with the amount of TiO2 added being proportional to the UV resistance. Additionally, the UV resistance of the nanofiber membranes did not decrease substantially after seven days of immersion in solutions at different pH values. Finally, this study analyzed the mechanism by which the Janus structure enhanced the UV resistance. The UV light was reflected, refracted, and absorbed many times on the crescent side with excellent UV-absorption performance, which greatly improved the UV resistance of the membrane.
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JACS Au
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Gaofei Liu,Jialing Wang,Jianlin Chu,Tianyue Jiang,Song Qin,Zhen Gao,Bingfang He
Nucleoside phosphorylases (NPs) are the key enzymes in the nucleoside metabolism pathway and are widely employed for the synthesis of nucleoside analogs, which are difficult to access via conventional synthetic methods. NPs are generally classified as purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) and pyrimidine or uridine nucleoside phosphorylase (PyNP/UP), based on their substrate preference. Here, based on the evolutionary information on the NP-I family, we adopted an insertions–deletions (InDels) strategy to engineer the substrate promiscuity of nucleoside phosphorylase AmPNPΔS2V102 K, which exhibits both PNP and UP activities from a trimeric PNP (AmPNP) of Aneurinibacillus migulanus. Furthermore, the AmPNPΔS2V102 K exerted phosphorylation activities toward arabinose nucleoside, fluorosyl nucleoside, and dideoxyribose, thereby broadening the unnatural-ribose nucleoside substrate spectrum of AmPNP. Finally, six purine nucleoside analogues were successfully synthesized, using the engineered AmPNPΔS2V102 K instead of the traditional “two-enzymes PNP/UP” approach. These results provide deep insights into the catalytic mechanisms of the PNP and demonstrate the benefits of using the InDels strategy to achieve substrate promiscuity in an enzyme, as well as broadening the substrate spectrum of the enzyme.
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Soft Matter
·
2024
·Vol. 20
·期 22
·4402-4413
·
IF 2.9
Xinglinmao Li,Wen Li,Jia Cheng,Xiao Sun,Yue Zhang,Chunping Xiang,Shougang Chen
Determining the fatigue threshold of elastomers is particularly important to predict their durability and lifespan. However, there has been almost no effective approach to calculate this threshold fast and accurately so far. To realize rapid fatigue performance testing, in this paper, a new method is proposed to calculate the fatigue threshold through the elastic limit strain point of elastomers that can be obtained from the continuous Mullins test. Compared with the traditional binary method to predict fatigue threshold, this method significantly reduces the time required for fatigue testing of elastomers, which can save approximately 2–3 sampling points in the fatigue test, i.e. a time savings of around 40%. Our method also proved to be effective for the elastomers at 0 °C. Additionally, a dual-network elastomer was synthesized using the interpenetrating network method, exhibiting improved elasticity (2.1 MPa and 3.1 MPa), toughness (1423 J m−2 and 2100 J m−2), and higher fatigue threshold (125 J m−2 and 385 J m−2) at 0 °C and room temperature. This material presents great application potential in marine anti-fouling.
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ANALYST
·
2024
·
IF 3.6
Haiying Cai,Peiting Dong,Xiuping Li,Lulu Wang,Tao Li
It is known that the abnormal expression of specific cellular miRNAs is closely related to cell apoptosis, and so monitoring the level change of these miRNAs can in principle be used to evaluate the process of apoptosis stimulated by drugs. Towards this goal, here we construct an ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) nanoplatform via the target miRNA-triggered immobilization of spherical nucleic acid enzymes (SNAzymes) onto tetrahedral DNA nanostructures on the electrode surface, which catalyzes the luminol–H2O2 reaction to output an ECL signal. This enables the sensitive and specific detection of two apoptosis-related miRNAs, miR-21 and miR-133a, with a detection limit of 33 aM. Furthermore, we employed the developed ECL nanoplatform to monitor the levels of these two miRNAs inside cancer cells stimulated by DOX, showing that the level of miR-21 decreases, while that of miR-133a increases in the early apoptotic cells. This difference highlights the distinct roles of the two target miRNAs, where miR-21 promotes the early apoptosis of cancer cells, whereas miR-133a suppresses it, providing new insight into cell physiological processes.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 2.5
Mingjie Li,Xuesong Peng,Jie Jiang,Yaqiang Li,Fan Meng,Youzheng Wu,Maozhong An,Ruopeng Li,Penghui Ren,Peixia Yang
The void-free blind microvia copper electroplating process is a key technology in HDI PCB manufacturing. This work systematically studied the influence of the Acid Blue 1 (AB1) leveler on blind microvia filling. AB1 exhibits excellent suppression during electroplating, with its effect strengthening as the AB1 concentration increases. Chronopotentiometry was used to study the interaction among AB1, SPS, and PEG. There is a synergistic suppressing interaction between the new leveler AB1 and suppressor PEG, while there is competition between AB1 and accelerator SPS. During electrodeposition, AB1 can adsorb on the copper substrate to reduce active sites and suppress copper electrodeposition, based on theoretical studies and in situ infrared spectroscopy. At the optimized electroplating process, void-free microvia filling is achieved with 20 mg L−1 AB1 and successive electroplating confirms the stability of AB1. Based on diffusion differences among additives and the competition between AB1 and SPS, a gradient competitive adsorption superfilling mechanism was proposed to illustrate the filling process of the AB1–SPS–PEG system. AB1 is beneficial to improving flatness and lowering surface roughness of the copper layer, which is conducive to reducing signal losses during high-frequency transmission. Additionally, AB1 can modulate the preferential formation of Cu(111) and Cu(200) and facilitate grain refinement.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Lin An,Shuhao Wang,Bingyu Liao,Jin Liu,Xiaoyan Jin,Yuyang Cai,Zibo Li,Yue Li,Junfeng Ma,Junbai Li
Self-assembled dipeptide hydrogel provides three-dimensional networks through noncovalent interactions for the embedment and the release of multiple biocomponents as well as for the growth of live cells. Here we demonstrate that Caenorhabditis elegans ( C. elegans ) as model organisms can be immobilized with significant vital signs in N -fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl diphenylalanine (Fmoc-FF) dipeptide hydrogel. With the controllability of dipeptide, assembly conditions for immobilization, growth and imaging of C. elegans were optimized. Compared with conventional anesthesia method, dipeptide hydrogel minimized unintended interferences for long-termed imaging. Particularly, nanofiber-based hydrogel can be diluted in solution as nanofiber dispersions alongside the release of C. elegans . By further analyzing the physiological phenotypes including basic growth, movement and reproduction once released from hydrogel, we confirmed the practicality and biocompatibility of Fmoc-FF hydrogel especially towards repeated immobilization and release of small-scaled living organisms, further broadening the scope of dipeptide hydrogel usage.
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TALANTA
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Suzhen Liu,Yicong Liu,Zongjia Li,Miaomiao Zhang,Chunli Song,Jilin Tang
Angiogenesis is an important physiological process in the human body. When ischemic diseases occur, the ischemic and hypoxic environment induces excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within cells, which inhibits angiogenesis and leads to poor prognosis. Therefore, finding antioxidants that can eliminate excessive ROS to promote angiogenesis is crucial for the treatment of ischemic diseases. In this work, we investigate the antioxidant effects of dimethyl itaconate (DMI) by using an oxidative stress model in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our results demonstrate that DMI significantly reduces excessive ROS in cells under oxidative stress. DMI could protect mechanical properties of HUVECs from oxidative stress. The Young's modulus of HUVECs was 10.0 ± 1.4 kPa after treatment with H 2 O 2 . However, the Young's modulus increased to 24.42 ± 1.4 kPa when HUVECs were co-incubated with H 2 O 2 and DMI (40 μg mL −1 ). DMI also maintained cell morphology and cytoskeletal integrity. Meanwhile, DMI alleviates mitochondrial dysfunction by enhancing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and increasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels. The excellent antioxidant effects of DMI result from upregulating the expression levels of superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase, significantly leading to the removal of intracellular excessive ROS. With protecting HUVECs from oxidative stress damage, DMI promotes cell migration and angiogenesis. Consequently, this work not only elaborates on the mechanism by which DMI promotes angiogenesis by anti-oxidative stress, but also provides a new therapeutic option for the treatment of ischemic diseases.
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MATERIALS LETTERS
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Ke Su,Qianzai Zhou,Yingchun He,Sijia Yu,Haijun Yang
Ammonium nitrate (AN) is an important explosive that is widely used in military and civilian fields. However, the high hygroscopicity of AN limit its wider applications and developments. In this study, AN were coated with Co8HQ complexes via solid–solid method, giving a series of surface modified AN/Co8HQs. AN and AN/Co8HQs were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDS. The water contact angles of AN/Co8HQs are higher than that of AN. Hygroscopicity experiments show that the hygroscopicity of AN/Co8HQs was reduced over 40 % at all tested relative humidities in 24 h. The AN/1.5 %Co8HQ showed a 70 % hygroscopicity drop in 24 h at 97.3 % RH. Micrographs of AN/Co8HQ show that Co8HQ were uniformly coated on the surface of AN and filled the voids of AN. Generally, a straightforward and scalable method is provided to improve the anti-hygroscopic properties of AN, which has a considerable potential for practical applications. This gives AN/Co8HQ a very good anti-hygroscopic property.
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JOURNAL OF LOSS PREVENTION IN THE PROCESS INDUSTRIES
·
2025
·
IF 4.2
Yueshuang Xia,Wenling Guan,Chengjie Dong,Yutong Wang,Chenxiang Zhang,Weijia Tian
This study aims to improve the explosion suppression performance of bicarbonate powders (KHCO₃ and NaHCO₃) against combustible dust and enhance their anti-caking properties by loading bicarbonate onto the surface of 4A zeolite. Using wet impregnation and evaporative crystallization, KHCO₃ and NaHCO₃ particles were successfully attached to the tetrahedral structure of 4A zeolite, resulting in composite dust explosion inhibitors, Zeolite-KHCO₃ and Zeolite-NaHCO₃, with large specific surface areas. The inhibition efficiencies of bicarbonate and 4A zeolite-loaded bicarbonate on wheat starch explosions were tested using a 150 cm Hartmann tube. The anti-caking properties of the composite were also evaluated under high humidity conditions. Results showed that Zeolite-KHCO₃ exhibited enhanced explosion suppression efficiency compared to KHCO₃, with a minimum complete inerting ratio (MIR) of 0.05, while Zeolite-NaHCO₃ exhibited an MIR of 0.12, consistent with NaHCO₃. The accelerated caking tests revealed that in contrast to KHCO₃ and NaHCO₃, Zeolite-KHCO₃ and Zeolite-NaHCO₃ exhibited superior anti-caking properties due to the drying effect of zeolite, with a caking rate of less than 0.1. These findings indicate that 4A zeolite-loaded bicarbonates can drastically reduce the caking tendency of bicarbonate while maintaining or enhancing its explosion suppression efficiency.
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Advanced Optical Materials
·
2024
·
IF 8
Yaoguo Shen,Wanrui Niu,Yingjie Luo,Yingwu Zhou,Xiaoling Xue,Liqin Liu
Organic planar groups have recently been used to construct nonlinear optical materials because of their large hyperpolarizability, and then most of the products have birefringence which is unfavorable to phase matching. Here, a new organic–inorganic hybrid nonlinear optical crystal (C 8 H 6 BrN 2 O)NO 3 is synthesized by combining the π-conjugated organic [C 8 H 6 BrN₂O] + cation and inorganic [NO 3 ] − anion as the fundamental building blocks. Surprisingly, it not only shows a large second-harmonic generation response of 3.8 times that of the commercial K 2 HPO 4 crystals, but also has a moderate birefringence of 0.08 at 550 nm. Furthermore, it demonstrates high thermal stability up to 220 °C despite its hybrid material characteristics. Single crystal structure analysis and theoretical calculations confirm that the specific arrangement of NLO-active [C 8 H 6 BrN₂O] + groups with halogen branch chains and strong hydrogen bonding between two π-conjugated groups leads to moderate birefringence and large frequency-doubling effect. These findings provide a method to explore hybrid nonlinear optical crystals.
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Frontiers in Toxicology
·
2024
·
IF 3.6
Deborah Stanco,Dorelia Lipsa,Alessia Bogni,Susanne Bremer-Hoffmann,Laure-Alix Clerbaux
Introduction: The ingestion of nanomaterials (NMs) may impair the intestinal barrier, but the underlying mechanisms remain evasive, and evidence has not been systematically gathered or produced. A mechanistic-based approach would be instrumental in assessing whether relevant NMs disrupt the intestinal barrier, thereby supporting the NM risk assessment in the food sector.Methods: In this study, we developed an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) based on biological plausibility and by leveraging information from an existing NM-relevant AOP that leads to hepatic outcomes. We then extracted the current evidence from the literature for a targeted selection of NMs with high relevance to the food sector, namely, ZnO, CuO, FeO, SiO2, and Ag NMs and nanocellulose.Results: We propose a new AOP (AOP 530) that starts with endocytic lysosomal uptake, leading to lysosomal disruption inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial impairments can lead to cell injury/death and disrupt the intestinal barrier. The evidence collected supports that these food-related NMs can be taken up by intestinal cells and indicates that intestinal barrier disruption may occur due to Ag, CuO, and SiO2 NMs, while only few studies support this outcome for FeO and ZnO. Lysosomal disruption and mitochondrial dysfunction are rarely evaluated. For nanocellulose, none of the studies report toxicity-related events.Conclusion: The collection of existing scientific evidence supporting our AOP linking NM uptake to intestinal barrier impairments allowed us to highlight current evidence gaps and data inconsistencies. These inconsistencies could be associated with the variety of stressors, biological systems, and key event (KE)-related assays used in different studies. This underscores the need for further harmonized methodologies and the production of mechanistic evidence for the safety regulatory assessment of NMs in the food sector.
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