PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
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2024
·
IF 6.1
Zhilong Chen,Yixian Ma,Yong Ren,Lin Ma,Xiangru Tang,Shenggang Pan,Meiyang Duan,Hua Tian,Zhaowen Mo
Rice production is threatened by heavy metal stress. The use of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in agriculture has been reported in previous studies. We aimed to quantify the impact of MWCNTs on the growth and physiological characteristics of scented rice under cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) stresses. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted, two scented rice varieties Yuxiangyouzhan and Xiangyaxiangzhan were used as materials grown under different concentrations of MWCNTs (0, 100, and 300 mg kg −1 recorded as CK, CNPs100, and CNPs300, respectively). The yield, antioxidant response, and rhizosphere microbial community of scented rice were studied. The results showed that compared with the CK treatment, the CNPs100 and CNPs300 treatments increased leaf dry weight by 17.95%–56.22% at the heading stage, and the H 2 O 2 content in leaves decreased significantly by 36.64%–42.27% at the maturity stage. Under CNPs100 treatment, the grain yield of two scented rice varieties increased significantly by 17.54% and 27.40%, respectively. The MWCNTs regulated the distribution of the Cd and Pb in different plant tissues. The content of Cd (0.11–0.20 mg kg −1 ) and Pb (0.01–0.04 mg kg −1 ) in grain were at a safety level (<0.2 mg kg −1 ). Moreover, MWCNTs increased soil microbial community abundance and altered community composition structure under Cd–Pb stress, which in turn improved agronomic traits and quality of scented rice. Overall, this study suggested that the application of MWCNTs regulates the growth, yield, physiological response , and soil microbial community, the genotypes response effect of scented rice to MWCNTs is needed further studied.
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MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Dandan Liu,Shiyao Qin,Huimin Qiao,Xin Xing,Kezhou Yan
The preparation of mesoporous silica materials from fly ash for the adsorption of heavy metals represents a significant approach to resource utilization. In this study, the sol-gel process was employed to synthesize amino-functionalized mesoporous silica with varying pore structure properties (denoted as MS-NH 2 -T, where T = 20 °C, 40 °C, and 90 °C) by controlling the aging temperature. The effects of adsorption conditions on the adsorption efficiency of Pb(II) were investigated, and the differences in the adsorption behavior of amino-functionalized mesoporous silica with distinct pore structures were compared and analyzed using typical adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics, and rate-limiting adsorption kinetics models. The results indicated variations in specific surface area (625 m 2 g −1 , 640 m 2 g −1 , and 345 m 2 g −1 ), average pore size (3 nm, 7 nm, and 15 nm), and total pore volume (0.5 cm 3 g −1 , 1.0 cm 3 g −1 , and 1.3 cm 3 g −1 ) among the mesoporous silica synthesized at different aging temperatures. Following amino modification, Pb(II) can be adsorbed through mechanisms such as pore adsorption, electrostatic attraction, and complexation. The adsorption capacities of the amino-functionalized mesoporous silica with varying pore structures were found to be 330 mg g −1 , 303 mg g −1 , and 204 mg g −1 , respectively. Furthermore, the adsorption rate constant of the MS-NH 2 -90 material, which features a larger pore size and volume, was determined to be 0.0290 and 0.0008, with a time to reach adsorption equilibrium of 60 min, outperforming the MS-NH 2 -20 and MS-NH 2 -40 materials under identical conditions (initial concentration of 300 mg L −1 ). Overall, mesoporous silica with a larger specific surface area demonstrates a higher adsorption capacity, while materials with increased pore size and pore volume exhibit faster adsorption rates. The findings of this study will assist in the selection of the most appropriate amino-functionalized mesoporous silica materials for the adsorption of Pb(II), based on whether the emphasis is on adsorption rate or capacity.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Xiuxian Zhao,Yuhan Fang,Liang Xue,Yizhong Lu,Riming Hu,Jiayuan Yu,Xuchuan Jiang,Junhua Sun
Efficient removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) from wastewater is crucial for safeguarding environmental safety and public health. Biomass-based adsorbents with surface-specific functionality hold great promise for selective adsorption of metal cations. In this study, a novel phosphorylated chitosan-lignin (PCSL) composite is successfully synthesized via Mannich reaction. The PCSL exhibits remarkable selectivity in the adsorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II), as evidenced by Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. Furthermore, DFT analysis reveals that the incorporation of phosphate groups significantly enhances the chelation capacity of the adsorbent towards heavy metals. The PCSL demonstrates ultrafast adsorption capabilities for Pb(II) and Cu(II). Specifically, the adsorption processes reach equilibrium within 7 min and 5 min, respectively, with maximum adsorption capacities of 207.9 mg·g −1 for Pb(II) and 100.0 mg·g −1 for Cu(II). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis indicates that the adsorption mechanisms involve both chemical complexation and electrostatic attraction. Notably, the adsorbent can be recycled many times, and the spent Cu-PCSL, upon pyrolysis treatment, demonstrate remarkable catalytic activity in nitrate reduction reactions, with Faradaic efficiencies as high as 98.3 % and NH 3 yield of 4.3 mg·h −1 ·mg cat. −1 . This work not only advances the progression of biomass adsorbents but also demonstrates considerable industrial potential in mitigating water pollution and promoting sustainable development.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 8.5
Hongkai Huang,Jiahao Wang,Yuqing Zheng,Weidong Bai,Ya Ma,Xiaojuan Zhao
The discarded longan shell-derived porous carbon material (LPC) served as a scaffold for synthesizing bismuth nanoparticle-loaded longan porous carbon nanocomposite (BiNPs@LPC) via a hydrothermal method . Then BiNPs@LPC was utilized to modify screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE) for simultaneous detection of Pb(II) and Cd(II) by square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). The material was thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscopy , X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra , Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry . BiNPs@LPC exhibited abundant porous structures, high surface area , and numerous active sites, which could improve significantly response sensitivity. Under optimal conditions, the peak currents of Pb(II) and Cd(II) exhibited favorable linear relationships with the concentration within a range of 0.1–150 μg L −1 , with detection limits (S/N = 3) of 0.02 μg L −1 and 0.03 μg L −1 , respectively. BiNPs@LPC/SPCE demonstrated remarkable selectivity , stability and repeatability. The proposed method was successfully applied for the detection of Pb(II) and Cd(II) in seafoods achieving satisfying recovery of 97.8%–108.3% and 96.7%–106.4%. These excellent test properties were coupled with convenience for batch preparation of the modified electrodes , highlighting its potential for practical applications in heavy metal detection of real samples.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Lishun Yang,Fukang Chen,Dezhao Meng,Qin Li,Meng Qi,Xinyu Chen,Kun Yu,Quan Li,Jingang Yang,Chunlin Song,Gang Liu,Lixue Zhang,Li Jin,Yan Yan
In this study, the viscous polymer processing (VPP) technique is implemented to optimize the characteristics of bulk (1- x )BaTiO 3 - x Bi(Mg 0·5 Ti 0.5 )O 3 (BT- x BMT) lead-free relaxor ferroelectric ceramics , with a focus on enhancing the recoverable energy storage density ( W rec ), improving breakdown strength resistance ( E b ), and increasing storage efficiency ( η ). The influence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) inclusion in the VPP process on the resulting dielectric ceramics is thoroughly investigated, covering rheological, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties . The results reveal that a gradual increase in PVA quantity during the VPP process effectively improves the density of ceramic blanks. However, an excess of PVA leads to void formation in the ceramic blanks post-debinding, hindering the achievement of a dense structure in the final ceramics and causing performance degradation. The resulting BT-0.405BMT-40 wt% PVA ceramic showed excellent storage performance, with W rec , η , and E b of 6.55 J/cm 3 81.45 %, and 480 kV/cm, respectively. In comparison to bulk BT-0.405BMT ceramics, there is a notable 2.47-fold increase in W rec and a 1.92-fold increase in E b , accompanied by a substantial improvement in η . Moreover, the BT-BMT-40 wt% PVA ceramic exhibits favorable temperature stability (30–150 °C), frequency stability (1–50 Hz), and commendable charge/discharge performance.
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Metals
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 9
·936
·
IF 2.5
Xiangqing Liu,Chenyu Li,Jie Yu,Ruiqi Liu,Min Shang,Xiaolin Su,Jinye Yao,Haitao Ma
This study investigates the synergistic effects of single- and binary-additive systems on the morphology and nucleation mechanism of Sn-Pb alloy electrodeposited coatings. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and chronoamperometry were applied in order to obtain more information on the action mechanisms of single-additive systems (cinnamaldehyde, PEG-2000, gelatin, vanillin) and binary ones (0.1 g/L cinnamaldehyde + 0.2 g/L PEG-2000) in Sn-Pb electroplating. Results showed that the use of binary-additive systems based on cinnamaldehyde and PEG-2000 significantly improved coating quality, leading to a smooth and uniform surface, dense grains, and a near-eutectic composition (Sn 63.10 wt.%, Pb 36.90 wt.%). This was because the composite additive, through synergistic effects, exhibited the highest cathodic polarization and the largest charge transfer resistance (189.20 Ω cm2), thus inhibiting the electrodeposition process of Sn2+and Pb2+. Chronoamperometry revealed that, unlike single additives (PEG-2000 or cinnamaldehyde), the binary-additive system promoted a transition of nucleation mode to instantaneous nucleation, accompanied by a decrease in the peak current and an extension of the corresponding time. This study provides a theoretical basis and experimental support for understanding the nucleation mode of Sn-Pb electroplating, as well as optimizing the synergistic mechanism of additives.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Ziyi Jiang,Xintong Cao,Enrou Mei,Ye He,Jiapeng Yang,Zhaoping Chen,Yang Li,Xiaojuan Liang,Weidong Xiang
Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) are widely used in the backlight field of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) due to their narrow-band emission and high color purity. However, their high cost and insufficient stability seriously restrict the industrialization process. This study innovatively adopted the environmentally friendly Pb(OH)2 to replace the traditional PbBr2 lead source, successfully reducing the raw material cost by nearly 50%. At the same time, it significantly improved the optical performance of CsPbBr3@glass by reducing the formation of bromine vacancies. By further introducing La3+, the prepared La3+@CsPbBr3@glass achieved a PLQY increase from 48 to 86%, and maintained a PL intensity of 87% under harsh conditions (60 °C, 90% RH, and continuous exposure to 8000 nit blue light for 40 days), breaking through the stability bottleneck. The color gamut of the CsPbBr3&CsPbBr1I2@glass@PET light conversion film developed on this basis is 94.75% of the NTSC 1953 standard and 70.74% of the Rec.2020 standard. When they are applied to LCD screens, they significantly enhance color performance. It provides an efficient, stable, and low-cost industrial solution for quantum dot film technology.
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LANGMUIR
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Mingqiang Cheng,Chengcheng Fu,Shun Li,Yixin Hua,Cunying Xu,Juanjian Ru,Qibo Zhang,Ding Wang
Antimony (Sb) is a critical strategic resource valued for its scarcity and wide-ranging industrial applications. However, the separation of lead (Pb) and Sb remains challenging due to their similar physicochemical properties. High Sb–Pb alloys (comprising 1–10 wt % Pb) often form as intermediate products during the pyrometallurgical processing of jamesonite (Pb4FeSb6S14). Consequently, the development of effective methods for separating Pb and Sb represents a key research priority in metallurgy. This paper proposes a one-step electrolysis method to separate Sb powders from a high Pb–Sb alloy using a choline chloride-ethylene glycol + SbCl3 deep eutectic solvent (ethaline + SbCl3 DES) electrolyte. The difference in anode dissolution and cathode deposition of Pb and Sb is systematically investigated through the polarization curve and cyclic voltammetry. The results show that the oxidation potential of Sb is more positive than that of Pb in the ethaline + SbCl3 DES, which implies Sb and Pb can be separated by electrochemistry. Moreover, across all tested temperatures, the initial reduction potential of Sb remains more positive than that of Pb, indicating the preferential reduction of Sb over Pb. Mechanism analysis reveals that the introduction of SbCl3 inhibit the pb dissolution at the anode, leading to the accumulation of Pb as anode sludge. When Sb dissolves in the DES, it primarily forms [SbCl6]3– complexes, which are directly reduced to metallic Sb at the Ti cathode. Under optimized conditions, Sb with a purity of 99.98% is obtained, accompanied by a current efficiency of 93.57% and an energy consumption of 749.18 kW·h·t–1. This study aims to provide an environmentally sustainable and straightforward approach for the separation and refinement of Sb from a high Pb–Sb alloy.
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DALTON TRANSACTIONS
·
2024
·Vol. 53
·期 28
·11713-11719
·
IF 3.5
Haoran Yu,Jian Guo,Jiajia Wang,Ji Zhang,Shan-Tao Zhang
As the two typical basic binary solid solutions of the relaxor-PbTiO3 family, Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) has been widely investigated, whereas Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PNN-PT) has not. Here, 1.5 mol% Sm-doped (1 − x)Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3–xPbTiO3, (1 − x)PNN–xPT:0.015Sm with x = 0.33–0.39, ceramics have been prepared and the chemical composition-induced evolution of crystal structure, domain, and electrical properties investigated systematically. With increasing PT content, evolution of the rhombohedral–tetragonal structure was observed. A rhombohedral–tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary occurred around x = 0.36–0.37, which showed a peak piezoelectric property with piezoelectric constant d33 = 531 pC N−1 and planar electromechanical coupling factor kp = 0.37 at room temperature. At the same time, the x = 0.36 composition showed improved ferroelectric behavior with remanent polarization Pr = 13.4 μC cm−2 and coercive field Ec = 3.2 kV cm−1. Interestingly, different from its PMN-PT counterpart, there is no temperature-driven phase transition between room temperature and the Curie temperature for (1 − x)PNN–xPT:0.015Sm. These parameters indicated that the PNN-PT system is worthy of more attention and is a promising platform for further development of high-performance piezo/ferroelectric materials.
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Frontiers in Marine Science
·
2021
·
IF 4.912
Han Xiaoxin,Wang Shiyu,Yu Xue,Vogt Rolf D.,Feng Jianfeng,Zhai Lifang,Ma Weiqi,Zhu Lin,Lu Xueqiang
Due to its small size, large specific surface area and hydrophobicity, microplastics, and the adsorbed contaminants may together cause potential negative effects on ecosystems and human beings. In this study, kinetics and size effects on adsorption of Cu(II), Cr(III), and Pb(II) onto PE, PP and PET microplastic particles were explored. Results indicated that the PE and PET microplastics have the higher adsorption capacity for Cu(II), Cr(III), and Pb(II) than that for PP microplastic. The adsorption capacity was affected by microplastic types and metal species. Among the three metals, Pb(II) had the largest adsorption amount on microplastic particles, especially on PET particles. Moreover, the adsorption capacities of microplastics increase with the decrease of particle size. The metal adsorption capacity of <0.9 mm microplastics is greater than that of 0.9–2 mm and 2–5 mm microplastics. The size effect on metal adsorption was largest for PE microplastic. More attention should be paid in case of the coexistence of heavy metals and tiny PE and PET microplastics in the environment.
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Nanoscale
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·5857-5865
·
IF 6.895
Wenqi Lu,Tiantian He,Shuang Li,Xinru Zuo,Yao Zheng,Xunuo Lou,Jian Zhang,Di Li,Jizi Liu,Guodong Tang
SnTe is considered as a promising alternative to the conventional high-performance thermoelectric material PbTe, which inspired the thermoelectric community for a while. Here, we design a green, facile and low-energy-intensity hydrothermal route without involving any toxic or unstable chemicals to fabricate SnTe-based thermoelectric materials. Ultralow lattice thermal conductivity and enhanced thermoelectric performance are achieved via the combination of band engineering and nanostructuring. Enhanced Seebeck coefficient and power factor are induced by converging the band structure and creating resonant levels due to Pb and In doping. More importantly, due to the reduced grain sizes, nanoparticles, and dual-atom point defect scattering, ultralow lattice thermal conductivity was obtained in the bulk samples fabricated by the hydrothermal route. Benefiting from the enhanced power factor and significantly reduced thermal conductivity, the peak ZT is enhanced to ∼0.7 in In/Pb codoped SnTe, a 60% improvement over pure SnTe.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·
IF 3.012
Yinxiu Zuo,Jingkun Xu,Fengxing Jiang,Xuemin Duan,Limin Lu,Huakun Xing,Taotao Yang,Youshan Zhang,Guo Ye,Yongfang Yu
A sensitive Pb(II) sensor was fabricated based on Co 3 O 4 /reduced graphene oxide/chitosan (Co 3 O 4 /rGO/chitosan) nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE). The Co 3 O 4 /rGO material was synthesized through in situ growth of Co 3 O 4 nanoparticles (NPs) on GO and subsequent hydrazine reduction process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) show that Co 3 O 4 NPs with a diameter of around 100 nm are attached on rGO sheets. The structures and compositions of Co 3 O 4 /rGO were further characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Many experimental parameters, such as pH value, deposition time and deposition potential were optimized. Under optimal conditions, the calibration plot for Pb(II), with data acquired at − 0.556 V ( vs . SCE) is linear in the concentration range from 1.0 to 200.0 nM. Combining the good conductivity and high surface area of rGO, strong Pb(II) adsorption ability of Co 3 O 4 NPs, and excellent Pb(II) complex-forming ability of chitosan, the nanocompsite provides a sensitive Pb(II) senor with a detection limit of 0.35 nM. Moreover, the positively charged chitosan can interact with the negatively charged rGO to increase the stability of Co 3 O 4 /rGO nanocomposite. The hybrid nanocomposite Pb(II) senor provides new opportunity for vegetable analysis.
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）