ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2021
·
IF 8.071
Shuwen He,Daode Yu,Ping Li,Min Zhang,Shaoying Xing,Cuici Sun,Zhi-Hua Li
Triphenyltin (TPT), an organic compound with a wide range of applications, is often detected in water bodies and aquatic animals. However, the mechanism underlying the biological metabolic health problems caused by long-term exposure to environment concentrations of TPT remains unclear. The morphology and gene expression in the gut and liver were investigated; and 16SrRNA gene amplification sequencing and non-targeted LC-MS/MS metabonomics were investigated after marine medaka ( Oryzias melastigma ) was treated with 1, 10, and 100 ng/L TPT for 21 days. During prolonged exposure to TPT, the adaptation mechanism maximized the energy of absorption, increased the length of intestinal microvilli, reduced the number of rough endoplasmic reticulum in the liver, and caused loss of weight. TPT exposure significantly changed the intestinal microbiome of marine medaka, thereby resulting in a significant decrease in microbial diversity. Following exposure to 100 ng/L TPT, the metabolic profiles were significantly changed and the altered metabolites were mainly concentrated in the lipid metabolic pathway. Finally, based on comprehensive network analysis, the association between the significantly changed bacteria and metabolites contributed further to the prediction of the impact of TPT on the host. This study provides a novel insight into the underlying mechanisms of host metabolic diseases caused by TPT and emphasizes the importance of monitoring pollutants in the environment.
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高影响因子
Marine Drugs
·
2021
·Vol. 19
·期 6
·336
·
IF 5.118
Ni Wu,Mengmeng Tong,Siyu Gou,Weiji Zeng,Zhuoyun Xu,Tianjiu Jiang
Chattonellaspecies,C. marinaandC. ovata, are harmful raphidophycean flagellates known to have hemolytic effects on many marine organisms and resulting in massive ecological damage worldwide. However, knowledge of the toxigenic mechanism of these ichthyotoxic flagellates is still limited. Light was reported to be responsible for the hemolytic activity (HA) ofChattonellaspecies. Therefore, the response of photoprotective, photosynthetic accessory pigments, the photosystem II (PSII) electron transport chain, as well as HA were investigated in non-axenicC. marinaandC. ovatacultures under variable environmental conditions (light, iron and addition of photosynthetic inhibitors). HA and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were quantified using erythrocytes and pHPA assay. Results confirmed that% HA ofChattonellawas initiated by light, but was not always elicited during cell division. Exponential growth ofC. marinaandC. ovataunder the light over 100 µmol m−2s−1or iron-sufficient conditions elicited high hemolytic activity. Inhibitors of PSII reduced the HA ofC. marina, but had no effect onC. ovata. The toxicological response indicated that HA inChattonellawas not associated with the photoprotective system, i.e., xanthophyll cycle and regulation of reactive oxygen species, nor the PSII electron transport chain, but most likely occurred during energy transport through the light-harvesting antenna pigments. A positive, highly significant relationship between HA and chlorophyll (chl) biosynthesis pigments, especially chlc2and chla, in both species, indicated that hemolytic toxin may be generated during electron/energy transfer through the chlc2biosynthesis pathway.Keywords:Chattonella marina;Chattonella ovata;hemolytic activity;photosystem II;hydrogen peroxide;chlorophyllc2
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高影响因子
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
·
2021
·Vol. 43
·期 4
·1059-1071
·
IF 6.15
Pan Hong,Shi Fu-guo,Fang Chao,Shi Jing-shan
Dendrobine is the main sesquiterpene alkaloid of Dendrobium nobile Lindl, which exhibits potent neuroprotective activity. However, its metabolism and disposition are little known. In this study, we investigated the metabolic characteristics of dendrobine in vitro and in rats. The metabolic stability and temporal profile of metabolites formation of dendrobine were assayed in human/rat liver microsomal and S9 fractions. Dendrobine metabolites were separated and identified mainly by UPLC-Q/Orbitrap MS. After oral administration of dendrobine (50 mg/kg) to rats, the accumulative excretion rate of dendrobine in feces, urine, and bile was 0.27%, 0.52%, and 0.031%, respectively, and low systematic exposure of dendrobine (AUC 0–∞ = 629.2 ± 56.4 ng·h/mL) was observed. We demonstrated that the elimination of dendrobine was very rapid in liver microsomal incubation (the in vitro elimination t 1/2 in rat and human liver microsomes was 1.35 and 5.61 min, respectively). Dendrobine underwent rapid and extensive metabolism; cytochrome P450, especially CYP3A4, CYP2B6, and CYP2C19, were mainly responsible for its metabolism. Aldehyde dehydrogenase, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde oxidase were involved in the formation of carboxylic acid metabolites. By the aid of in-source fragmentation screening, hydrogen/deuterium exchange experiment, post-acquisition processing software, and available reference standards, 50 metabolites were identified and characterized in liver microsomal incubation and in rats. The major metabolic pathways of dendrobine were N -demethylation, N -oxidation, and dehydrogenation, followed by hydroxylation and glucuronidation. Collectively, the metabolic fate of dendrobine elucidated in this study not only yields benefits for its subsequent metabolism study but also facilitates to better understanding the mode of action of dendrobine and evaluating the pharmacologic efficiency of the high exposure metabolites.
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POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2021
·Vol. 32
·期 6
·2352-2366
·
IF 3.665
Feng-Jiao Li,Xi-Tong Yu,Zan Huang,Ding-Fu Liu
Grafting of polylactide (PLA) onto the cellulose nanofiber (CNF) (CNF-g-PLA) was prepared by in situ reactive extrusion using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as a free radical initiator to improve the interfacial adhesion between CNFs and PLA. The effect of DCP content on the dynamic rheological properties, crystallization behavior, mechanical properties, and micromorphology of PLA/CNF (95/5) bionanocomposite was systematically investigated. FTIR spectra confirmed that PLA chains were successfully grafted onto the CNF surface by forming C C bonds. The presence of such C C crosslinks improved stress transfer at the CNF–PLA interface; SEM and TEM observations and adhesion factor calculated from DMA data confirmed that the synthesized graft copolymers improved the interfacial interaction between CNFs and PLA matrix, thus enhancing the mechanical properties of CNF-g-PLA nanocomposites. Compared with PLA/CNF (95/5) bionanocomposite, the maximum tensile modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, and V-notched Izod impact strength of CNF-g-PLA nanocomposites were increased by 31.8%, 20.0%, 12.0%, and 27.9%, respectively. WAXD and DSC analyses indicated that the crystallinity degree of the grafted CNF-g-PLA was higher than that of PLA/CNF (95/5) bionanocomposite, and first increased and then decreased with increasing DCP content. The polarized optical micrographs confirmed that DCP-initiated grafting significantly increased the nucleation density but decreased the spherulite size of PLA. The melt strength of CNF-g-PLA nanocomposites was improved due to stronger intermolecular interaction by grafting. This one-step in situ reactive extrusion technology provides an efficient and economical way to enhance the properties of PLA/CNF bionanocomposites.
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ONCOLOGY REPORTS
·
2020
·Vol. 44
·期 5
·2231-2240
·
IF 3.417
Jinhong Feng,Ting Zheng,Zhaohua Hou,Cui Lv,Anqi Xue,Tingting Han,Beibei Han,Xin Sun,Yunbo Wei
Estrogen receptor (ER)‑negative breast tumors are associated with low survival rates, which is related to their ability to grow and metastasize into distal organs. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand‑activated transcription factor that is involved in several biological processes, is a promising anti‑metastatic target. Luteolin, a non‑toxic naturally occurring plant flavonoid with diverse biological activities, has been demonstrated to be effective against certain types of cancer, and has also been described as a ligand of AhR. In the present study, various cancer cell lines were first investigated following treatment with luteolin, and luteolin exhibited the lowest IC50 in MDA‑MB‑231 cells. Then, the efficiency of luteolin in suppressing the metastasis of ER‑negative breast cancer in vitro was assessed. MDA‑MB‑231 cells were treated with luteolin in vitro. Subsequently, MTT assay and flow cytometry were used to detect cell viability, the cell cycle and apoptosis, and a Transwell assay was used to evaluate cell invasion. In addition, reverse transcription‑semi‑quantitative PCR and western blot were performed to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‑2 and MMP‑9. In addition, the number of surface tumor nodules was measured in vivo, in mice bearing B16‑F10 tumors, following treatment with luteolin. Luteolin inhibited the viability and induced the apoptosis of MDA‑MB‑231 cells, which was accompanied by cell cycle arrest. This was associated with a decrease in the expression of the pro‑metastatic markers C‑X‑C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4), MMP‑2 and MMP‑9, which was reversed by AhR inhibition. Furthermore, it was identified that luteolin could inhibit the metastasis in a B16F10 mouse xenograft model, and the levels of MMP‑9, MMP‑2 and CXCR4 were significantly decreased in the lung tissues isolated from tumor‑bearing nude mice following luteolin treatment. In conclusion, luteolin is a potential molecule for inhibiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis, which could have promising clinical applications.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2020
·
IF 7.183
Xi Zhang,Chang Liu,Jing Yang,Xiao-Jun Huang,Zhi-Kang Xu
Separation membranes with switchable wettability show great potential in the efficient treatment of both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions. There still remain some critical challenges to prepare these membranes by a facile procedure and to elucidate the wettability response mechanism reasonably. Herein, commercial polypropylene membranes are endowed with switchable surface wettability by a simple co-deposition method of tannic acid and diethylenetriamine. The as-fabricated membrane surfaces are hydrophilic due to water immersion but hydrophobic after ethanol treatment. This hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity translation can repeat cyclically by water/ethanol treatments without losing the surface wettability. DFT simulations are used to calculate the solvation free energies of tannic acid in water and ethanol, respectively, to illustrate the chemical mechanism of the hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity translation. The results are in accordance with UV–vis spectra of the polyphenol in both solvents. The wettability switchable membranes show great potential in separating both oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions with excellent efficiency (98%). Moreover, the driving force for the separation processes can be an applied pressure of 0.1 MPa or merely the gravity of emulsions.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·
IF 3.83
Huaihao Zhang,Dingfa Fu,Zhentao Du,Hui Fu,Gang Shao,Weiyou Yang,Jinju Zheng
The growth of one-dimensional nanostructured semiconductors with aligned configuration and tunable aspect rations is recognized as one of the critically important and fundamental issues, for exploring polarized light sources as the back lights in liquid crystal display (LCD) with desired optical performance. In the present work, aiming to endow the perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) with enhanced stability and polarized optical performance, we reported the in situ growth of aligned CsPbBr 3 nanorods in polystyrene (PS) fibers, which was based on a facile one-step electrospinning technique. It was found that the electrospinning temperatures could have a profound effect on the growth of CsPbBr 3 nanorods with various aspect ratios (ARs), enabling their growth in a tailored manner. The mechanism on the tunable growth of aligned CsPbBr 3 nanorods in PS fibers was proposed.
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高影响因子
PHARMACEUTICAL DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 2.169
Zhang Yong,Wang Xingqi,Huang Jie,Hu Rongfeng,Chu Xiaoqin
Objective: The purpose of this study was to study the effects of formulation of cinnamaldehyde submicron emulsion (CA-SME) and optimize the preparation process parameters of CA-SME, characterize CA-SME and study on in vitro release kinetics and in vivo pharmacokinetics.Methods: Single factor methodology was used to screen the formulation of CA-SME. Response surface methodology combined with Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the process variables of CA-SME. The dynamic dialysis method was used to investigate the in vitro release of CA from CA-SME. The blood concentrations of CA in rats were measured after oral administration of CA-SME, with CA solution as reference.Results: The optimal formulation of CA-SME was as follows: 2.5% CA + 1.5% Tween-80 and Span-80 (1:1)+1.5% medium chain triglyceride (MCT)+1.5% Poloxamer-188 + 1.5% lecithin + 91.5% ultrapure water. With the entrapment efficiency (EE/%) of CA-SME as index, BBD experiments indicated that the optimum emulsification temperature, homogenization pressure and cycles were 56 °C, 52 MPa, and two cycles, respectively. The mean particle size and EE of optimum CA-SME were 257.23 ± 3.74 nm and 80.31 ± 0.68%, respectively. The in vitro release study exhibited that the release kinetics of CA-SME was first-order model. Pharmacokinetic parameters of CA-SME in rats were Tmax 60 min, Cmax 1063.41 mg/L, AUC0–∞ 113102.61 mg/L*min, respectively. Tmax, Cmax, and AUC0–∞ of CA-SME were 3, 3.5, and 2.3 times higher than that of CA solution, respectively. The pharmacokinetic parameters of CA-SME in rats were significantly higher than those of CA solution. Submicron emulsion shows great potential as delivery strategy for this volatile herbal oil in oral administration.
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高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 29
·16949-16958
·
IF 3.119
Yanna Han,Zhuangzhuang Yan,Lijun Jin,Junjie Liao,Guorui Feng
The interactions between O–H groups in kaolinite and re-adsorption water is an important aspect that should be considered in the hydraulic fracturing method for the production of shale gas, because the external water adsorbed by kaolinite in shale would significantly affect the desorption of methane. In this study, the interactions were investigated via changing the amount of O–H groups and re-adsorption water in kaolinite by heating treatment and water re-adsorption. To overcome the overlap of IR vibration bands of the O–H functional groups in H2O and those in parent kaolinite, kaolinite samples with D2O re-adsorption were prepared by drying the H2O from raw kaolinite and soaking the dried kaolinite in D2O. The interactions between O–H groups in kaolinite and D2O molecules were investigated by in situ DRIFT and TG-MS. The results demonstrated that the vibration at 3670 ± 4 cm−1 in the DRIFT spectra could be due to the outer O–H groups of the octahedral sheet on the upper surface of the kaolinite microcrystal structure, rather than a type of inner-surface O–H group. All types of O–H groups, including the inner O–H groups in kaolinite, could be transformed into O–D groups after D2O re-adsorption at room temperature. The inner-surface O–H groups in kaolinite are the most preferred sites for D2O re-adsorption; thus, they would be the key factor for studying the effect of re-adsorption water on methane desorption. When the temperature increased from 100 °C to 300 °C, two layers of kaolinite slipped away from each other, resulting in the transformation of inner-surface O–H groups into outer O–H groups. Thus, the temperature range of 100 to 300 °C was suggested for the heat treatment of kaolinite to decrease the content of inner-surface O–H groups; thereby, the amount of re-adsorption water was reduced. However, to thoroughly remove the re-adsorption water, a temperature higher than 650 °C should be used.
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高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2019
·Vol. 10
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 11.878
Ma Kaijie,Zhang Yunong,Liu Le,Xi Jingyu,Qiu Xinping,Guan Tian,He Yonghong
Understanding spatial distribution difference and reaction kinetics of the electrode is vital for enhancing the electrochemical reaction efficiency. Here, we report a total internal reflection imaging sensor without background current interference to map local current distribution of the electrode in a vanadium redox flow battery during cyclic voltammetry (CV), enabling mapping of the activity and reversibility distribution with the spatial resolution of a single fiber. Three graphite felts with different activity are compared to verify its feasibility. In long-term cyclic voltammetry, the oxygen evolution reaction is proved to enhance activity distribution, and homogeneity of the electrode and its bubble kinetics with periodic fluctuation is consistent with the cyclic voltammetry curve, enabling the onset oxygen evolution/reduction potential determination. Higher activity and irreversibility distribution of the electrode is found in favor of the oxygen evolution reaction. This sensor has potential to detect in situ, among other processes, electrochemical reactions in flow batteries, water splitting, electrocatalysis and electrochemical corrosion.
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Ecology and Evolution
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 20
·11647-11656
·
IF 2.415
Zhe-Xuan Fan,Bao-Ming Chen,Hui-Xuan Liao,Guo-Hao Zhou,Shao-Lin Peng
Herbivory tolerance can offset the negative effects of herbivory on plants and plays an important role in both immigration and population establishment. Biomass reallocation is an important potential mechanism of herbivory tolerance. To understand how biomass allocation affects plant herbivory tolerance, it is necessary to distinguish the biomass allocations resulting from environmental gradients or plant growth. There is generally a tight balance between the amounts of biomass invested in different organs, which must be analyzed by means of an allometric model. The allometric exponent is not affected by individual growth and can reflect the changes in biomass allocation patterns of different parts. Therefore, the allometric exponent was chosen to study the relationship between biomass allocation pattern and herbivory tolerance. We selected four species ( Wedelia chinensis , Wedelia trilobata , Merremia hederacea , and Mikania micrantha ), two of which are invasive species and two of which are accompanying native species, and established three herbivory levels (0%, 25% and 50%) to compare differences in allometry. The biomass allocation in stems was negatively correlated with herbivory tolerance, while that in leaves was positively correlated with herbivory tolerance. Furthermore, the stability of the allometric exponent was related to tolerance, indicating that plants with the ability to maintain their biomass allocation patterns are more tolerant than those without this ability, and the tendency to allocate biomass to leaves rather than to stems or roots helps increase this tolerance. The allometric exponent was used to remove the effects of individual development on allocation pattern, allowing the relationship between biomass allocation and herbivory tolerance to be more accurately explored. This research used an allometric model to fit the nonlinear process of biomass partitioning during the growth and development of plants and provides a new understanding of the relationship between biomass allocation and herbivory tolerance.
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高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2022
·Vol. 33
·期 3
·2209368
·
IF 19.924
Manchun Zheng,Yang Shen,Qiushun Zou,Yaohua Huang,Ke Huang,Xiaoyi She,Chongjun Jin
Fast and full switching of plasmonic resonances would provide a building block for integrated electro-optically active plasmonics. To date, limited by the material properties, achieving a plasmonic resonance that can be turned fully ON and OFF in the visible region remains a formidable challenge. In this study, a nearly full optical switching based on a moisture-driven metal-hydrogel-metal (MHM) metasurface at visible frequency is experimentally realized. As a result of the bound state in the continuum (BIC)-to-quasi-BIC transition in the MHM, a sharp Fano-type quasi-BIC resonance can be switched off and back on with an ultrahigh reflectance modulation depth up to −14.6 dB within 1 s by moisture loading. Such a BIC-to-quasi-BIC transition can be well mediated by engineering the coupling between the magnetic mode and surface plasmon polariton via an active control of the gap distance between the two metallic layers. Using this concept, the MHM is demonstrated as a fast-response breathing sensor with a maximum detectable respiratory rate of up to 30 breaths per minute (bpm). These results suggest that our approach will help to realize plasmonic-based integrated active optical devices in optical sensing and modulation.
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