FUEL
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2025
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IF 7.5
Muhammad Chawla,Xiyue Lu,Mooeez ur Rehman,Fan Sun,Wei Liu,Shengnian Wang,Yongli Ma,Mingyan Liu,Yujun Zhao
It is highly desired to use non-noble metal catalysts for efficiently upgrading biomass into biofuels and value-added products. A series of Ni-Mo bimetallic catalysts were synthesized using hydrothermal method; and employed in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol to cyclohexane. The resulting highly dispersed catalyst with an optimal Ni/Mo ratio, Ni 0.75 Mo 0.25 ZrO 2 demonstrated outstanding HDO performance with a 100 % yield of cyclohexane under 250 ℃ and 5 MPa due to the synergistic effect of NiMo alloy and metallic Ni. Further characterization results reveal that enhanced catalytic activity is primarily attributed to the improved dispersion of metal on ZrO 2 support, facilitated by the formation of NiMo alloy. The introduction of Mo into the Ni framework alters the surface structure, breaking up the continuous Ni surface into smaller ensembles. Additionally, the presence of Mo reduces the d-band electron density of Ni, creating an electron deficient Ni-Mo interface that increase the Lewis acid sites. This modification increases the number of available Lewis acid sites, promoting efficient catalytic processes. Furthermore, the altered surface structure enhances the interaction between the oxygen atom and Mo, thereby facilitating the conversion of cyclohexanol to cyclohexane. This catalyst was found also exceptionally efficient in cleaving the α-O-4 and β-O-4 ether linkages in various lignin-derived model compounds. Together with excellent stability and remarkable adaptability, this bimetallic catalyst exhibits promising potential in production of diesel from lignin resources to pave the way for green and sustainable supply of fuels.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 9.6
Jiaqi Tan,Bole Ma,Yanlin Qin,Xueqing Qiu,Liheng Chen
Bio-derived lignin nanospheres act as active interfacial regulators in W 18 O 49 . • Spectroscopy supports electronic and oxygen-vacancy-related defect modulation. • Physical-mixing controls support the importance of in situ interface formation. • W 18 O 49 /LNS shows 76.1 ± 0.8% modulation, 7 ± 1 s bleaching, and improved retention. Designing robust organic-inorganic interfaces is essential for resolving the kinetics-stability trade-off in electrochromic (EC) smart-window materials. Here, bio-derived lignin nanospheres (LNS) are used as active interfacial regulators for defect-rich W 18 O 49 nanowires. Coordination-associated interactions between LNS and W 18 O 49 are accompanied by changes in the local electronic environment and oxygen-vacancy-related defect states. The optimized W 18 O 49 /LNS film delivers an optical modulation of 76.1 ± 0.8% at 654 nm, a coloration efficiency of 31.7 ± 1.1 cm 2 C −1 , and a bleaching time of 7 ± 1 s, together with improved cycling retention. Semi-quantitative W L 3 -edge X-ray absorption analysis indicates a decrease in the estimated average W oxidation state from 3.29 to 2.89. Operando FT-IR spectroscopy and DFT calculations reveal bias-induced changes in the interfacial redox and solvation environment, while ESR and electrochemical kinetic analyses support defect modulation and an increased surface-controlled contribution. These findings establish bio-derived interfacial regulation as a promising strategy for defect-rich functional oxide nanocomposites. Download: Download high-res image (165KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2026
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IF 29.1
Shi Liu,Conghui Mi,Zhihan Tong,Yongzhuang Liu,Shuo Dou,Yuan Liu,Hongcai Lu,Jiajun Liu,Jinsong Sun,Qinqin Xia,Haipeng Yu
Achieving renewable, high-performance elastomers remains a key goal of green materials science. Here, we report a high-performance and recyclable elastomer produced directly from industrial Kraft lignin through a one-pot in situ graft copolymerization strategy. A deep eutectic solvent composed of oxalic acid and 1,6-hexanediol simultaneously dissolves lignin, provides flexible chains, and drives catalyst-free esterification at 110°C, constructing an interpenetrating rigid–flexible network that incorporates 50–75 wt.% lignin. The optimal elastomer delivers a tensile strength of 12.0 MPa, 878% elongation, and 85.1 MJ m − 3 fracture energy, rivaling or exceeding petroleum-derived nitrile butadiene rubber (3.1 MPa, 750% elongation and 11.0 MJ m − 3 ). It also offers a low dielectric constant, high electrical insulation, superior oil and abrasion resistance, efficient photothermal conversion, and infrared-induced self-healing. The material can be repeatedly reprocessed, enabling closed-loop recycling. Converting an abundant lignin by-product into a value-added elastomer thus provides a scalable route to eco-materials with broad application potential.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Jiahao Chen,Yiting Liu,Yichu Xue,Di Wu,Yixin Feng,Zhiwei Chang,Penglong Zhang,Ming Li,Chenjie Zhu
This work modified lignin using a facile two-step grafting method with high yield. • Modified lignins show improved radical scavenging activity and thermal stability. • DDSA modification enhances hydrophobicity and reduces glass transition temperature. • NR/PL and NR/DPL exhibit higher vulcanization efficiency. • NR/DPL shows a superior anti-thermo-oxidative performance. Developing high-performance lignin-based anti-thermo-oxidative agents offers a promising pathway for both the valorization of lignin and the sustainability of rubber materials. To enhance the thermo-oxidation resistance of natural rubber (NR), this study tailored lignin's structure via facile molecular engineering approaches, producing p -aminodiphenylamine-grafted lignin (PL) and (2-dodecen-1-yl)succinic anhydride (DDSA)/ p -aminodiphenylamine co-grafted lignin (DPL) with high grafting yields. Their structures were verified by FTIR, 2D-HSQC and elemental analysis. The introduction of p -aminodiphenylamine significantly improved the thermal stability of lignin, while the incorporation of DDSA markedly enhanced its hydrophobicity and reduced its glass transition temperature. In NR composites, both PL and DPL impart a high vulcanization efficiency and a rubber reinforcing effect. Notably, the NR/DPL sample after thermo-oxidative aging exhibits an improvement of 138.5% in tensile strength and 44.2% in elongation at break compared to the NR/L benchmark, and shows the highest anti-aging coefficient (0.52) outperforming NR/L by threefold. DSC, FTIR and TG-MS were applied to illustrate the thermo-oxidative behavior of the NR samples. This work provides a molecular engineering strategy for shaping lignin into an effective bio-based anti-thermo-oxidative agent.
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高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2026
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IF 7.6
Xulin Gao,Dong Luo,Ping Lu,Chao Liu,Shiliang Wu,Jun Hu
A combined strategy integrating mechanical ball milling pretreatment with a ternary deep eutectic solvent (DES) system was developed to enable efficient lignin isolation under mild conditions while preserving reactive structural motifs. Ball milling significantly disrupted the hierarchical structure of biomass, altering micromorphology, crystallinity, surface roughness, and specific surface area, thereby enhancing lignin accessibility. Under identical DES extraction conditions (ChCl/EG/10% OA, 90 °C, 6 h), birch premilled at 800 rpm for 1 h achieved a lignin recovery of 44.1%, approximately 4 times higher than that of untreated birch. When applied to six representative hardwood, softwood, and herbaceous biomasses, the ball milling–DES strategy increased lignin recovery by 1.2–4.5 times, with more pronounced improvements observed for woody biomass than for herbaceous biomass owing to their intrinsically more compact cell wall structures. The isolated lignin from birch retained 56 β-O-4 linkages per 100 aromatic units and afforded a monophenol yield of 19.2 wt % upon Ru/C catalyzed depolymerization at 240 °C for 4 h. Mechanistic insights are proposed to illustrate how ball milling enhances DES penetration and lignin extraction. Overall, this strategy helps alleviate the common trade-off between high lignin extraction efficiency and preservation of β-O-4 linkages, enabling the recovery of lignin with both high yield and high structural integrity.
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高影响因子
BIOMACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 5.9
Xuan He,Zhengtao Wei,Siquan Wu,Liheng Chen,Jianglin Liu,Xueqing Qiu,Xuliang Lin
Abstract Lignin is a sustainable photothermal material for solar interfacial evaporation, but its structural heterogeneity and poor dispersion limit efficient utilization. Here, we develop a biomass-derived bilayer LNP@CCH aerogel evaporator comprising a lignin nanoparticle (LNP)/chitosan photothermal layer and a CNF/Chitosan (CCH) water-transport layer. Fractionation reduces lignin heterogeneity and identifies a fraction with favorable photothermal properties, which is subsequently converted into size-controlled LNPs. The resulting LNP@CCH aerogel evaporator combines broadband solar absorption, low thermal conductivity, interconnected capillary channels, and water-state regulation, enabling efficient light harvesting, heat localization, water transport, and reduced apparent evaporation enthalpy. Under 1 sun irradiation, the optimized evaporator achieves an evaporation rate of 2.31 kg m−2 h−1 and a solar evaporation efficiency of 94.4%. It also exhibits stable saline water evaporation and >99% removal of major ions from real seawater, demonstrating the potential of fractionated lignin for sustainable solar desalination.
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高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2026
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IF 3.5
Yongzhi Xiong,Yihan Wang,Junfang Zhou,Yilin Zhang,Chenge Li,Qi Liu,Yuxin Huang,Linfeng Li,Changzhou Chen,Kui Wang
Ni 3 S 2 -La 2 O 3 heterojunction on sulfur-doped carbon is fabricated. • It achieves 99.05% HMF conversion and 96.62% FDCA selectivity. • Heterojunction boosts charge transfer and lowers reaction energy barrier. • The catalyst reconstructs into Ni(OH) 2 /La 2 O 3 as the true active phase. Herein, we report a ball milling pyrolysis route to prepare highly dispersed Ni 3 S 2 /La 2 O 3 heterostructure nanoparticles immobilized on sulfur-doped carbon (Ni 3 S 2 /La 2 O 3 @SC) for the electrocatalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Structural characterizations combined with theoretical calculations confirm that the formation of the La 2 O 3 /Ni 3 S 2 heterojunction interface modulates the electronic structure of Ni active sites, thereby enhancing HMFOR performance. Electrochemical performance evaluation shows that Ni 3 S 2 /La 2 O 3 @SC achieves a current density of 100 mA·cm -2 at a potential of 1.697 V vs. RHE, while exhibiting enhanced kinetics for HMF oxidation. I n- situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) further reveals that interfacial charge transfer effectively suppresses the competing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and promotes HMF oxidation. Through reaction monitoring by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), it is demonstrated that HMF is predominantly converted to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) via the HMFCA pathway. Under a constant current density of 100 mA·cm -2 , Ni 3 S 2 /La 2 O 3 @SC achieves a HMF conversion of 99.05%, an FDCA selectivity of 96.62%, and a Faradaic efficiency of 82.60%. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further reveal that the formation of the La 2 O 3 /Ni(OH) 2 heterojunction interface not only suppresses the over-adsorption of HMF on Ni–OH sites and lowers the reaction energy barrier for the critical FDCA desorption step in HMFOR, but also enhances charge transfer between reactants and active sites, thereby facilitating the cleavage of key α-C–H and –O–H bonds during HMFOR. The above studies demonstrate the critical role of interfacial charge transfer in modulating the oxidative activity of Ni–OH active sites and enabling efficient HMFOR. Download: Download high-res image (373KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
Nature Communications
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2026
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IF 18.1
Kong Xiangchen,Bie Leilei,Liu Chao,Wang Xing,Lan Wu,Bai Risheng,Xue Beichen,Li Tao,Zhang Huiyan,Barta Katalin,Xiao Rui
The depolymerization of condensed lignin—a byproduct of industrial pulping and biorefining—is crucial for sustainable biorefineries. However, it remains a formidable challenge due to the formation of recalcitrant C–C bonds during lignin isolation, restricting the reactivity and accessibility of the lignin macromolecule. Here, we demonstrate that a disordered crystalline mesoporous zeolite (Meso-Z) synergistically integrates strong acidity with enhanced mass transfer efficiency to process this bulk feedstock. Compared to conventional microporous zeolite, Meso-Z achieves 3.7–7.9 times higher yields (32.0–45.6 wt%) of aromatic monomers and dimers (MDs) from condensed lignin oligomers by C–C bond cleavage, thus enabling the total yields to exceed the theoretical maximum defined by C–O bond cleavage by 250–759%. Mechanistic studies reveal that this exceptional performance arises from Brønsted and Lewis acid-assisted hydrolysis and hydrogenolysis of C α –C aryl bonds, facilitated by the zeolite’s mesoporosity. Meso-Z also shows robust recyclability, maintaining stable catalytic activity over ten consecutive cycles. This work provides an efficient strategy for depolymerizing condensed lignin, paving the way for the valorization of industrial lignin streams.
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高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2026
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IF 8.7
Ziyu Zhou,Dengjie Zhong,Yunlan Xu
A novel ternary FLP composite was synthesized to remove Cr(VI) efficiently. • Superior adsorption capacity of 536 mg g −1 was achieved via PEI-Fc synergy. • As a redox-active component, ferrocene accelerated the reduction of Cr(VI). • Cr(VI) removal by FLP follows the synergistic mechanism of “capture-reduction-fixation” on lignin skeleton. To overcome the limitations of low specific surface area and functional group reactivity of lignin, a novel ferrocene-loaded, polyethyleneimine (PEI)-crosslinked lignin composite (FLP) was developed via glutaraldehyde-mediated grafting of PEI and strategic immobilization of ferrocene (Fc), which effectively improved the pore structure, surface accessibility, and redox-assisted reduction capability of the material. FLP achieved a Cr(VI) removal efficiency of 96.53%, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 536 mg g −1 . The adsorption behavior followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, while the Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models jointly suggested that the Cr(VI) removal process involved heterogeneous surface adsorption and adsorbate–adsorbate interactions. Thermodynamic analysis demonstrated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Furthermore, FLP exhibited exceptional stability and reusability. The removal of Cr(VI) by FLP was the synergistic effect of “capture-reduction-fixation”: Cr(VI) was initially captured through electrostatic attraction by the protonated amino groups of PEI, after which the incorporation of the redox-active Fc component facilitated interfacial electron transfer, reduced the charge-transfer resistance, and promoted the in-situ reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and finally Cr(III) was immobilized through multi-site chelation with amine groups from PEI and oxygen-containing functional groups on the lignin skeleton. This research provides a novel strategy for the high-value application of lignin-based materials in Cr(VI) wastewater remediation.
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PubMed
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 5.2
Cheng Qian,Guocheng Zhou,Zhonglong Wang,Yuqian Liu,Yiqin Yang
Systematically clarifies how lignin molecular weight and sulfonation regulate CQDs fluorescence properties. • Develops green NSCDs from renewable sulfonated lignin, reducing the cost and environmental impact of CQDs. • Prepared NSCDs show high performance with 21.54% QY, 0.11 μM MnO₄⁻ LOD, and <1 min response time. • Confirms MnO₄ − fluorescence quenching is static quenching via chelation, excluding redox and energy transfer. • NSCDs sensor enables trace MnO₄ − detection in real water and promotes high-value utilization of lignin waste. Exploring a sensitive and accurate method for environmental permanganate detection is significant because of its great biotoxicity. Herein, various carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and the optimized N,S co-doped carbon quantum dots ( NSCDs ) fabricated from the hydrothermal treatment of sulfonated lignin could be used as fluorescent sensors for aqueous MnO 4 − detection. During the synthetic optimization process, compared with the positive effects of sulfonation degree increase of the sulfonated lignin and the proportion of 5-C sulfonation sites on the fluorescence intensity of CQDs, it was found that the increase of lignin molecular weight had the most significant effect on fluorescence intensity. The optimized NSCDs ( NSCDs , N from ethylenediamine, S from sulfonated lignin), with a 1.88 ± 0.37 nm particle size and Stokes shift as large as 245 nm, could emit green fluorescence under UV irradiation with a 21.54 ± 1.93% quantum yield and provide a low detection (LOD) limit of 0.11 μM for the MnO 4 − in an aqueous media with a rapid response within 1 min and good recoveries, showing good agreement with the indirect iodometric method in real water samples. Mechanistic studies suggested that the fluorescence quenching of NSCDs by MnO 4 − is predominantly a static process, likely associated with ground-state interaction between MnO 4 − and the surface functional groups of NSCDs . This work highlights precursor-structure regulation of sulfonated lignin as a distinct route for designing lignin-derived CQD sensors. Download: Download high-res image (117KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
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2026
·
IF 29.1
Shiyao Song,Yan-Lai Tang,Xiaoting Liu,Jiayi Zheng,Chong Wu,Tang Li,Junhong Ye,Dianmin Xia,Yong Mei,Jingxuan Ma,Libin Huang,Xuequn Luo,Liheng Chen,Yanlin Qin,Weiling He
FOLFOX has served as the standard chemotherapy regimen for advanced stages, specifically in the treatment of pancreatic, colorectal, and bladder cancers. However, the issues of excessive toxicity and prolonged treatment cycles persist. To address this limitation, we developed a novel methylated amino acid-modified lignin inspired by biological methylation, creating a pH-responsive charge-reversal drug delivery system for FOLFOX chemotherapy. This system stabilizes thymidylate synthase (TS) and combines with deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to demonstrate significantly improved therapeutic outcomes of FOLFOX against colorectal cancer (CRC). The FOLFOX-loaded nanodrug showed targeted antitumor activity against CRC and induced tumor cell death through multiple mechanisms, including apoptosis, necrosis, cell cycle regulation, DNA damage, and reactive oxygen species generation. Furthermore, the nano-formulation activated immune responses to enhance chemotherapeutic potency and effectively reducing renal toxicity associated with chemotherapy drugs. These findings suggest that protein methylation-mimicked lignin could be a valuable addition to current first-line chemotherapy options and holds promise for enhancing chemotherapy against solid tumors.
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Jing Liu,Yuanyuan Zhou,Yangmei Chen,Yi Ling,Ling Zhan,Fuxiang Chu,Li Shuai,Xiaolin Luo
L-cysteine-protected lignin (CPL) is isolated from biomass in aqueous formic acid. • CPL adhesive achieves a record wet bonding strength of 1.48 MPa. • Multi-layer plywoods bonded with this adhesive exhibit practical viability. • Physicochemical crosslinking enables robust adhesion at the bonding interface. To alleviate the dependence of commercial adhesives (e.g., phenol-formaldehyde and urea-formaldehyde resins) on fossil resources, substantial research efforts have focused on developing lignin-phenol-formaldehyde (LPF) resins. Owing to the low reactivity of condensed technical lignins (e.g., kraft and organosolv lignins), LPF resins continue to suffer from structural heterogeneity, inferior bonding performance, limited phenol substitution rate, and formaldehyde emissions. Given that lignin functions as a natural binder to endow higher plants with structural rigidity and water resistance, extracting native-like lignin from lignocellulosic biomass therefore offers a promising route towards fully bio-based alternatives. However, simultaneously achieving green lignin extraction and practical bonding performance of the resulting adhesives remains elusive. Here we report an effective strategy to overcome this trade-off. Our approach involves protecting lignin with L-cysteine in an aqueous formic acid system during biomass fractionation, followed by simply dispersing the resulting L-cysteine-protected lignin (CPL) in water. Among fossil-free all-lignin adhesives, the resulting CPL adhesive achieves a record wet bonding strength of 1.48 MPa and an exceptional dry bonding strength of 1.85 MPa. Multi-layer plywoods that bonded with this adhesive also exhibit superior flexural resistance, long-term stability, and negligible formaldehyde emissions. Mechanistically, L-cysteine forms C–S bonds at the α-positions of lignin during fractionation, which controls the initial molecular weight of CPL via inhibiting condensation reactions, and preserves its active linkages (e.g., aryl ether bonds) and functional groups (e.g., hydroxyl and carboxyl groups). These structural features facilitate the penetration, in situ depolymerization and condensation of lignin, as well as non-covalent interactions during hot pressing, thereby enabling the high-performance adhesion of CPL adhesive towards wood veneers. Download: Download high-res image (153KB) Download: Download full-size image
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）