Nature Communications
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2026
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IF 15.7
Sun Yue,Cao Yuxiang,Liu Xiong,Zhang Chengjian,Zhang Xinghong
Elemental sulfur (S 8 ), an abundant petroleum byproduct, is leveraged as a linchpin monomer in an organobase-catalyzed step-growth addition polymerization with dithiols and diacrylates at ambient temperature. This method enables the scalable synthesis of poly(ester disulfide)s—featuring alternating ester and disulfide linkages—with exceptional atom economy ( > 95% yield), M n up to 42.0 kDa, and dual functionality: biodegradable ester units and stimuli-responsive disulfides. Mechanistic studies reveal a chemoselective three-component coupling involving S 8 ring-opening, disulfide anion formation, and Michael addition, quantitatively generating symmetric and asymmetric disulfides in near-equimolar ratios. Thermal and mechanical characterizations of the poly(ester disulfide)s reveal programmable properties: High thermal stability ( T d,5% = 248–281 °C), tunable phase behavior (amorphous T g = −64 °C to semicrystalline T m = 142 °C), and reductive degradation. By overcoming traditional limitations of harsh conditions and monomer scope, this strategy establishes S 8 as a versatile feedstock for functional polymers, opening avenues for dynamic materials in biomedicine and environmental remediation.
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npj Aging
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2026
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IF 6
Zeng Li,Xu Lei,Chen Meng,Zheng Xuewei,Yang Pengfei,Yin Qinan,Yu Jianjun,Tian Zhongmin
Hypertension prevalence is increasing in both aging and younger populations, with high salt intake being a key environmental driver. Whether young and aged individuals exhibit similar physiological and molecular responses to salt loading remains unclear. This study compared hemodynamic and renal redox adaptations to salt loading in young (8-week) and aged (50-week) Dahl salt-sensitive (DSS) rats. Both groups developed salt-sensitive hypertension, but blood pressure (BP) elevation was markedly lower in aged rats. High salt induced marked increases in stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and vascular indices, indicating strong cardiac and vascular contributions to BP rise. In contrast, aged rats displayed blunted increases in SV and CO, together with attenuated changes in vascular indices, reflecting diminished cardiac contractility and vascular responsiveness that accounted for their lower BP salt sensitivity. High salt disrupted redox homeostasis in both groups, but aged rats exhibited inherently reduced antioxidant capacity and greater renal oxidative stress, along with more pronounced glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Nitric oxide pathway suppression was more evident in young rats, whereas aged rats showed persistently low baseline NO availability. These findings demonstrate that aging reduces hemodynamic and vascular responsiveness to salt loading yet heightens susceptibility to salt-induced renal injury in DSS rats.
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npj Biofilms and Microbiomes
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2026
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IF 9.2
Wei Xuejiao,Huang Huiming,Wang Fei,Tan Peng,Wang Zhuguo,Qiu Xinyu,Zhang Ruoxin,Gao Yufeng,Tu Pengfei,Hu Zhongdong
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a frequently seen malignant tumor globally. Huaier is the dried fruiting body of the fungus Trametes robiniophila Murr. Huaier granule (HEG), formulated from the Huaier extract, is a Class I innovative anti-cancer drug in China and exhibits significant anti-HCC effects in clinical settings. Nevertheless, the specific mechanisms underlying its efficacy remain incompletely understood. This research demonstrated that HEG effectively suppressed tumor development in the orthotopic HCC mouse model in a gut microbiota-dependent manner and modified the gut microbiota composition. Notably, the primary differential bacterial genera between the Model group and the HEG group included Adlercreutzia . HEG exerted anti-HCC effects by repairing the intestinal barrier, improving colon immunity, and ameliorating the immune microenvironment by suppressing the MAPK signaling pathway via the gut microbiota-gut-liver axis. By integrating 16S rRNA sequencing with metabolomics data, supplemented by literature mining and in vitro validation, Equol, produced by specific gut microbiota Adlercreutzia , was identified as a key metabolite through which HEG exerted its anti-HCC effects by modulating gut microbiota. Moreover, Equol was essential for the anti-HCC effects of HEG. Additionally, Equol ameliorated the immune microenvironment through inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway, while concurrently inhibiting the growth of HCC cells by inducing the G 0 /G 1 phase blockade through suppression of Cyclin E1-CDK2/Rb signaling pathway. This study provided a robust scientific foundation for the clinical use of HEG, with Equol emerging as a promising candidate for HCC treatment.
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JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-AIDED MOLECULAR DESIGN
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2026
·Vol. 40
·期 1
·52
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IF 3.1
Lu JiaHao,Zhao ChenHao,Qiu YingQI,Shen Li-Qun,Zhu Hua,Zhang Miao
Survivin, a multifunctional regulator of mitosis and apoptosis, plays a central role in cancer progression and therapy resistance, making it an attractive target for anticancer drug development. In this study, a series of 4,6-diphenyl-3-cyanopyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized as potential survivin inhibitors through an integrated strategy combining 3D-QSAR modeling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and biological evaluation. The CoMFA and CoMSIA models established reliable structure–activity relationships and provided contour-map-based guidance for rational molecular optimization. Newly designed derivatives displayed enhanced antiproliferative effects against melanoma cells, and computational analyses revealed that the most promising compound showed stable and preferential binding within the BIR domain of survivin, particularly in its dimeric form. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of contour-guided optimization in discovering novel survivin-targeting scaffolds and highlight 4,6-diphenyl-3-cyanopyridine derivatives as promising leads for further anticancer drug development. Future studies will focus on improving selectivity, clarifying the inhibition mechanism at the molecular level, and evaluating in vivo efficacy.
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Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society
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2026
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IF 2.1
Mu Yan,Wang Junjun,Wang Bingsen,Jiao Yufang,He Jian,Liu Meng,Sun Che,Yuan Shaoyang,Liu Danqing,Yang Wenlong,Liu Linjing,Wu Fengmin
To enhance the piezoelectric performance of the lead-free Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -BaTiO 3 (BNT-BT) system, we introduced K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 (KNN) via synergistic composition modulation. A series of (0.94-x)BNT-0.06BT-xKNN (x = 0.01–0.04) ceramics were synthesized using a solid-state reaction method. The composition with x = 0.02 exhibited optimal performance, achieving a significantly improved piezoelectric coefficient ( d ₃₃ = 115 pC/N) and a high depolarization temperature ( T d = 138 °C). Comprehensive structural and electrical characterizations revealed that these enhancements originate from KNN-induced modifications, including the coexistence of rhombohedral and tetragonal phases, refined grain morphology, and optimized domain dynamics. This work demonstrates that KNN modification is an effective strategy for tailoring the functional properties of BNT-BT-based ceramics, positioning the optimized composition as a competitive lead-free piezoelectric candidate for advanced electromechanical applications.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
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2026
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IF 2.3
Yuan Yang,Wang Jingjing,Zhang Kai
Poly (styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene) (SBS) is inherently hydrophobic and displays good processing performance, excellent elasticity and tensile strength. Therefore, SBS is an ideal material for preparing waterproof and breathable membranes. Nevertheless, SBS nanofibrous membranes prepared by electrospinning are not superhydrophobic, and their performance can be further improved. In this study, hydrophobic silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ) and SBS-based nanofibrous membranes were created by electrospinning at first, and then they were exposed to UV irradiation. Due to the incorporation of SiO 2 , the nanofibrous membranes exhibited superhydrophobic and self-cleaning properties. The obtained membranes also exhibited good waterproof and breathable properties. The maximum hydrostatic pressure and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) reached 80.6 kPa and 11.9 kg m −2 day −1 , respectively. The cooling and anti-icing performances of the membranes were also investigated for expanding their applications. Compared with SBS nanofibrous membrane, the SBS/SiO 2 nanofibrous membranes displayed better thermal-insulation and anti-icing performances. The developed SBS/SiO 2 nanofibrous membranes can find many applications such as protective clothing and waterproof coatings.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 3.8
Liu Chang,Li Ping,Han Jinwei,Zheng Ying,Yan Guangli,Wang Mengmeng,Wang Yuhang,Chen Xiangmei,Yan Xiaotong,Sun Hui,Guan Shihan,Wang Xijun
The Huangkui capsule (HKC) demonstrates significant efficacy against diabetic nephropathy (DN), yet its bioactive components that exert effects within the target organ, the kidney, have remained poorly characterized. This study aimed to elucidate the renal in situ effective constituents of HKC by integrating multimodal mass spectrometry analyses. A spontaneous DN model was established using db/db mice. Physiological parameters, biochemical indices, and histopathological assessments confirmed the model’s success and the therapeutic effects of HKC intervention. Serum pharmacochemistry based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS characterized 24 absorbed components. Among them, quercetin, isoquercetin, and their metabolites exhibited the strongest correlation with pharmacodynamic indicators. Crucially, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-TOF-MSI) directly visualized and identified these quercetin-derived conjugates, particularly quercetin glucuronide, within kidney tissues, suggesting their potential as primary in situ bioactive candidates. This study is the first to spatially resolve the kidney distribution of HKC’s active constituents, providing a scientific basis for understanding its mechanism of action and advancing quality control protocols. Graphical
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Nature Protocols
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2026
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IF 16
Wu Yongmeng,Liu Xinyu,Huang Yanmei,Meng Nannan,Zhang Bin
The construction of carbon‒nitrogen (C‒N) bonds is an essential transformation for synthesizing value-added organonitrogen compounds, including the raw materials for fertilizers, synthetic materials and pharmaceuticals. Electrocatalytic C‒N bond construction has emerged as an alternative strategy to traditional thermochemical routes, avoiding harsh and energy-intensive processes. This protocol describes an electrocatalytic C‒N bond construction strategy to synthesize organonitrogen from nitrogen oxides in water under ambient conditions, with a focus on several vital chemicals, such as urea, formamide, cyclohexanone oxime, amino acids and 15 N-labeled amino acids. Here, we provide detailed procedures for catalyst and reaction device design, electrosynthesis, product quantification and measurements for investigating the reaction mechanisms. Four catalysts, namely, vacancy-rich ZnO, core-shell Cu@Zn, AgRu alloy and low-coordination Ag, are synthesized as cathode catalysts. Two types of electrolyzers, an H-type cell and a flow cell, are used for the electrocatalytic reaction. Characterization techniques such as electrochemical in situ Raman spectroscopy, in situ attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ex situ electron paramagnetic resonance and scanning flow cell-differential electrochemical mass spectrometry have been adopted to study the reaction mechanism. The synthesis amount of urea is at the micromole level, while the synthesis amounts of formamide, cyclohexanone oxime and amino acids are at the millimole level. The catalyst synthesis protocol requires 0.5–1.5 d, the electrosynthesis requires ≤11 h and the in situ characterization requires 0.5–1.5 h.
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MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY
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2026
·Vol. 28
·期 1
·20
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IF 2.8
Li Duyu,Xie Mujiao,Luo Lei,Chen Xiaohai,Li Ting,Xie Xiaoyong
Vitamin C (VC) is an essential micronutrient known to significantly promote growth and enhance immunity in aquatic organisms. For crustaceans, dietary VC is a critical requirement for proper development. To assess the effects of VC supplementation on juvenile Chinese horseshoe crabs ( Tachypleus tridentatus ), first instar juveniles were subjected to various concentrations of VC in the aquatic environment. The objectives of this study were to determine the optimal VC concentration for the growth and survival of juvenile horseshoe crabs based on experimental records; to investigate the effects of VC on their gene expression through transcriptomic analysis; and to examine the impacts of various VC concentrations by measuring enzyme activities. The experimental results showed that the optimal VC concentration for molting was 30 mg/L (medium concentration), while 90 mg/L (high concentration) was optimal for survival. The effects of VC were specifically manifested by up-regulation of cytochrome c-like and down-regulation of ATP synthase F0 subunit 6 and increased alkaline phosphatase levels, which accelerated energy absorption and promoted rational energy allocation. At moderate-to-high concentrations, VC up-regulated the expression of papain family cysteine protease and partially up-regulated β-actin, while down-regulating ribosomal protein L29 (RPL29) and rho-related proteins. This expression profile ensured the precise execution of apoptosis and cell division/differentiation. Additionally, downregulation of RPL39 by VC enhanced translation efficiency. Concurrently, up-regulation of RPLP2, protein component of the small (40 S) ribosomal subunit, and RPL35, along with elevated alkaline phosphatase levels, collectively improved cellular immunity and repair capacity. Overall, these results confirm that VC promotes the growth and development of T. tridentatus .
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.9
Yang Xue,Zhang Likang,Lu Biao,Yin Zhifu,Liu Zongming,Ding Ao
Heavy metal ions (HMIs) pollution poses severe threats to ecological integrity and human health, necessitating the development of sensitive, cost-effective, and matrix-adaptable detection technologies. Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and their composites have emerged as promising candidates for HMI detection, owing to their exceptional optical properties, high stability, and excellent biocompatibility. In this study, we report a facile, cost-effective, and green synthesis route for the fabrication of red-emitting (R-CQDs) and green-emitting (G-CQDs) carbon quantum dots. These materials were systematically evaluated for the sensitive and selective detection of Hg 2+ , Ag + , and Cu 2+ ions in both aqueous and saliva samples, thereby addressing critical needs in environmental monitoring and non-invasive health assessment. The detection performance was quantified using both ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) absorption spectroscopy and fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy. UV–Vis spectroscopy measurements revealed a limit of detection (LOD) of 50 nmol/L for Hg 2+ at 235 nm (using G-CQDs), 100 nmol/L for Ag + at 226 nm (using G-CQDs), and 5 nmol/L for Cu 2+ at 215 nm (using R-CQDs). Fluorescence spectroscopy further demonstrated LODs of 250 nmol/L for Hg 2+ and 5 µmol/L for Ag + (both at an excitation wavelength of 480 nm using G-CQDs), and 0.5 µmol/L for Cu 2+ at an excitation wavelength of 427 nm (using R-CQDs). Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the as-synthesized R-CQDs and G-CQDs exhibit high sensitivity and selectivity toward target HMIs. Their successful application in real water and saliva samples underscores their significant potential for practical environmental monitoring and personal health screening.
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ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2026
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IF 3.8
Jiang Hua,Guo Hezhe,Li Jun,Wang Xiuzhen,Zhang Yiqing,He Mengxue
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a significant natural antioxidant substance with considerable application prospects in the fields of medicine, health food, and chemical engineering. This study developed magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 @MIPs) through surface imprinting technology with large-particle-sized iron oxide nanoparticles (200 nm) as the core support material, utilizing CGA as the imprinting molecule and methacrylic acid (MAA) as the monomer. The synthesized material was thoroughly analyzed using a combination of SEM, FT-IR, XRD, and VSM. Adsorption equilibrium studies show that the Langmuir isotherm model better fits the binding situation of CGA on Fe 3 O 4 @MIPs, while kinetic analysis indicates that the pseudo-second-order model can more accurately describe the adsorption process. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe 3 O 4 @MIPs for CGA is 103.09 mg/g, and it also has good selectivity and reusability. The resulting Fe 3 O 4 @MIPs prove particularly effective for selective enrichment and quantitative analysis of CGA in Eucommia ulmoides leaves. Recovery experiments conducted at three different concentration levels showed consistent results ranging between 84 and 88% with relative standard deviations (RSD) below 5%. The Fe 3 O 4 @MIPs approach demonstrates a simple and efficient methodology characterized by exceptional selectivity, swift separation efficiency, and reliable recovery outcomes. Graphical abstract
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Human Cell
·
2026
·Vol. 39
·期 2
·36
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IF 3.1
Hu Xiwen,Sha Rui,Yang Feiran,Chai Jinwen,Liu Bin,Xu Xiaoqing
Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the most prevalent and aggressive form of non-small cell lung cancer. Natural compounds have gained increasing attention as potential anti-cancer agents. The therapeutic potential of chebulagic acid (CA)—a hydrolysable tannin with documented anti-proliferative properties—has not been investigated in LUAD. In the present study, functional experiments revealed that CA treatment markedly suppressed proliferation and induced mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis of LUAD cells. In addition, CA augments natural killer (NK) cell migration by enhancing LUAD CCL5 production. Quantitative proteomics identified FBXO38 as the most significantly upregulated protein following CA treatment. FBXO38 silencing abrogated CA-induced CCL5 production and NK cell migration in LUAD cells. The in vivo experiments showed that CA significantly inhibited tumor growth and enhanced NK cell infiltration in mice, accompanied by decreased Ki67 + proliferating cells, increased cleaved caspase-3 + apoptotic cells, and upregulated FBXO38 expression. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that CA may be exert anti-LUAD effects through FBXO38/CCL5-mediated NK cell recruitment.
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