APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2020
·
IF 6.182
Yongyu Li,Jianjun Chen,Yaping Wang,Huiji Li,Jihong Yin,Mengyan Li,Ling Wang,Haijie Sun,Lingxia Chen
A one-step direct pyrolysis method without any post-treatment steps and a mass yield of up to 69% was realized for preparing N-doped carbon dots (NCDs). The NCDs exhibit excellent excitation-independent blue fluorescence with quantum yield (QY) of 65.5%, and their luminescence mechanism was explored based on optical properties and structural composition, which mainly originates from surface state photoluminescence (PL). The NCDs display highly selective and sensitive detection of Fe 3+ in tris-HCl buffer system, a good linear relationship between PL intensity ratios and Fe 3+ concentrations was obtained in concentration range of 0 to 400 μM with a low LOD of 0.703 μM. The formation of ferric hydroxide colloid is the main reason for the specific recognition of Fe 3+ by NCDs, and buffer solution plays a key role in the formation of ferric hydroxide colloid and selective detection of Fe 3+ . The sensing mechanism is a dynamic quenching electron transfer process in the action of hydrogen bonding and colloidal adsorption. Three real water samples were applied to evaluate actual application of NCDs probe, satisfactory recoveries (93.5%–105.6%) indicate that NCDs has great practical potential for detection of metal ions in environmental water assays.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
分析化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2026
·
IF 10.1
Yao Tong,Tianhua Yang,Jian Wang,Yingmei Zhai,Shuang Cui,Bingshuo Li,Xingping Kai,Rundong Li
Decoding the decisive role of CO 2 -mediated pyrolysis mechanism is essential for achieving directional biomass conversion and precise product regulation. This study strategically employs CO 2 as a dynamic reaction medium to drive fast pyrolysis of lignin, simultaneously producing phenol-enriched bio-oil and functionalized biochar. CO 2 's multifunctional mechanism during lignin pyrolysis was investigated through multimodal characterization combined with response surface methodology (RSM), principal component analysis (PCA) and t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE). Results demonstrate that CO 2 participates in radical reactions, catalyses the key demethoxylation step, and triggers the Boudouard reaction, simultaneously achieving enrichment of phenolic compounds in bio-oil (reaching 62.07% phenolic content under optimal conditions) and significant development of biochar pore structure (with specific surface area increasing up to 3.6-fold). Under conditions of 537 °C, 97 s, and 40% CO 2 , bio-oil yield reached 12.8 wt%, oxygen content decreased by 38%, and the yield of the high-value-added product 4-vinylphenol exceeded 18%. This study quantitatively revealed for the first time through PCA the non-linear regulatory effect of CO 2 concentration on pyrolysis reaction pathways, constructing a reaction network involving CO 2 . This provides theoretical basis and process references for directed pyrolysis of lignin and high-value utilisation of CO 2 . Furthermore, self-derived biochar was engineered into a bifunctional catalyst, further expanding the valorization strategy.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
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2026
·
IF 6.5
Shanshan Dai,Hao Wang,Kechao Zhou,Chong Du,Xiuqun Ji,Chunyan Bie,Guozhang Chang,Cuiping Wang,Jian Zhang
This study investigated the thermal decomposition characteristics and long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbons (C ≥ 7) (LCAH) preparation during catalytic co-pyrolysis of reed stems (RS) and polypropylene (PP) wastes. A TG-FTIR system and a Py-GC/MS system were employed to elucidate the characteristics of LCAH generation. Both the shift of the DTG peak from 483 to 468 °C and the reduction in activated energy ( E a ) confirm that the co-pyrolysis technique exerted a positive effect on the decomposition of RS and PP. A higher heating rate enhanced this positive synergy. Semiquantitative analysis of FTIR absorption peaks at ∼2960 and ∼721 cm −1 , combined with GC/MS compositional distributions, demonstrate that the co-pyrolysis of RS and PP exhibited a synergistic effect on the LCAH generation. A reforming effect was observed between RS-derived bio-oils and PP-derived bio-oils, resulting in the production of LCAH molecules with an expanded carbon number distribution. Three possible routes were proposed to clarify the LCAH generation during co-pyrolysis of RS and PP. Temperatures of 600 to 650 °C and prolonged secondary reaction time were favorable for improving the yield of LCAH. In the presence of Ni-SiO 2 /ZrO 2 catalyst, the relative content of LCAH in the bio-oils reached 62.70 area%, and the catalyst maintained excellent performance in consecutive 5 runs.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2026
·
IF 6.2
Shubao Song,Lin Zhang,Jinghua Wu,Meishuai Zou,Jiankun Shao
A detailed experimental and modeling study was conducted to investigate the high-temperature decomposition and ignition behavior of nitromethane (CH 3 NO 2 ) and its relevance to the development of a comprehensive C–N–O kinetic model. Shock tube experiments coupled with high temporal resolution and low detection limit laser absorption diagnostics were employed to measure time-resolved species profiles of NO, CO, and CH 4 during CH 3 NO 2 pyrolysis under argon-diluted conditions (1.0 % and 1.3 % CH 3 NO 2 in Ar). In addition, ignition delay times (IDTs) of CH 3 NO 2 /O 2 /Ar mixtures were measured over a wide range of equivalence ratios ( φ = 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0) at near-atmospheric pressure. To further constrain the kinetics, the rate constant for the unimolecular decomposition reaction R1 (CH 3 NO 2 (+M)=> CH 3 + NO 2 (+M)) was experimentally determined at high temperatures, the resulting rate constant data can be represented by the Arrhenius equation k R1 (1043–1350 K, 1.5 atm) = 4.98 × 10 12 exp(-44,990 cal/mol/ RT ) s -1 . A refined kinetic model for CH 3 NO 2 combustion was developed by integrating the newly obtained rate constant data of R1 and updating the CH 3 NO 2 sub-mechanism within a previously established NH 3 –syngas model. Rate of production and sensitivity analyses were performed to identify the dominant reaction pathways governing species formation, with particular emphasis on the role of R1 and its competition with secondary reactions. This work advances the understanding of nitroalkane combustion, offering a robust and transferable kinetic framework for future simulations of energetic materials in propulsion and energy systems.
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
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2026
·
IF 6.2
Ruihan Dong,Yang Yang,Haiping Yang,Ziyue Tang,Xianhua Wang,Yingquan Chen,Hanping Chen
Catalytic pyrolysis of microalgae to produce monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) represents a promising route for sustainable aromatic chemical production. In this study, a gallium and self-nitrogen co-doped algae-derived activated carbon (Ga/N-SAC) catalyst was synthesized and applied to Spirulina pyrolysis. Catalytic pyrolysis experiments showed that the catalyst containing 5 wt.% Ga and used at a catalyst-to-biomass mass ratio of two exhibited the optimal performance. Ga/N-SAC increased the relative content of benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) to 51.33%, with selectivities of 10.51% for benzene, 50.27% for toluene, and 12.15% for xylene. The pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N functionalities facilitated the deoxygenation and deamination of heteroatom-rich intermediates, while Ga-derived Lewis acid sites promoted dehydrogenation, cyclization, and aromatization pathways. The hierarchical pore structure of Ga/N-SAC further enhanced mass transfer and strengthened vapor–catalyst interactions, enabling efficient upgrading of pyrolysis vapors. This strong synergy between nitrogen functionalities and Ga species significantly enhanced MAHs formation while suppressing oxygenated and nitrogen-containing by-products. Ga/N-SAC serves as an efficient and cost-effective catalyst for microalgae-derived BTX and provides a useful framework for developing metal–nitrogen co-doped carbon catalysts.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2021
·
IF 7.963
Junzhi Yu,Zhansheng Wu,Xiongfang An,Fei Tian,Bing Yu
The stability of biochar is a crucial parameter in determining the potential of biochar for carbon sequestration . Many studies have demonstrated that the addition of clay during the pyrolysis of biomass is beneficial for the production of biochar with a high stability, but finding a strategy for a further improvement of stability of clay-modified biochar is still highly desirable. Herein, the co-pyrolysis of biomass and clay mediated by trace metal elements is proposed as a new strategy for the production of biochar with exceptionally high stability. The results indicate that the biochar resistance index for biochar obtained from the trace metal elements mediated the co-pyrolysis of biomass and clay is ~0.75, which is much higher than that of biochars obtained from biomass pyrolysis or the co-pyrolysis of biomass and clay, demonstrating that the presence of metal ions during the co-pyrolytic process can significantly improve the oxidation resistance of biochar. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that the carbon retention value is reduced when the addition of metal ions during the co-pyrolytic process, and the presence of metal ions can reduce the starting temperature of the pyrolysis reaction and catalyze the process of biomass pyrolysis. In addition, the percentages of C C, C C, and C H in all biochars obtained from trace metal elements mediated the co-pyrolysis of biomass and clay are greater than 41.82%, which are higher than that of original biochar. Besides, the percentage of oxygen-containing functional groups is found to be decreased after the presence of metal ions during the co-pyrolytic process. The presence of metal ions can form metal nano-sulfides and oxides on the surface, which plays a physical barrier to the anti-oxidation performance of biochar. Furthermore, compared to BBC or BC, MnBBC and ZnBBC have a better leaching resistance to P, while FeBBC has almost no leaching resistance to soil P. Overall, the study reveals that the addition of trace element metal ions during the co-prolysis of biomass and bentonite is an effective method to increase the stability of obtained biochar, and it is also beneficial for retarding the release of nutrients in the soil and thus increase the utilization of nutrients.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2021
·
IF 6.609
Jun Zhang,Chengyu Li,Jing Gu,Haoran Yuan,Yong Chen
This study aimed to investigate the co-pyrolysis characteristics of strong-acid cation exchange resin (Amberlyst-15, denoted as A15) and cellulose (CE), in which the existing synergistic interaction effects were uncovered. Crucial variables including pyrolytic temperature, A15-to-CE mass ratio and heating rate were taken into consideration. The levoglucosenone (LGO) production from CE and inorganic sulfur-containing species release from functional sulfonic acid groups of A15 were enhanced in a temperature range of below 400 °C. In this regard, the LGO yield achieved approximately 7 wt% at 300 °C with A15-to-CE mass ratio of 1:1. Relatively, elevating the temperature and heating rate accelerated the A15 self-decomposition and small molecule fragments restructuring to give much more monocyclic and polycyclic aromatics. Noticeably, organic sulfur-containing compounds also were produced in an unignorable amount of 8.2% under preset conditions of pyrolytic temperature of 700 °C and heating rate of 20,000 °C/s. The plausible pathway for the co-pyrolysis transformation of A15 and CE was also proposed on the basis of experimental results. The present work will provide a probable and feasible strategy for the high-value utilization of biomass and waste ion-exchange resins, particularly in the aspect of the generation of certain chemicals.
研究领域:
能源与燃料
·
环境科学
·
生物质转化
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2020
·
IF 3.905
Chaoyue Shen,Xiying Jia,Yifei Chen,Licong Lu,Fangqi Wang,Yi Wei,Fengwen Yu
Molten carbonate pyrolysis is proposed to convert digestate (DE) into biobased monophenols coupled with a metal-modified HZSM-5 catalyst. The results indicated that Fe/HZSM-5 was the most suitable catalyst for this process. The optimum reaction conditions for the process were WHSV = 15 h −1 at a pyrolysis temperature of 430 °C and a catalytic cracking temperature of 475 °C, and 79.22 % of monophenol components were achieved in the bio-oil. A kinetic study on the digestate with carbonates indicated that the alkali metal ion in the molten carbonates attached to the β-O-4 bonds and branch methoxy group of lignin, which promoted the removal of these functional groups, resulting in a reduction in the activation energy during monophenol generation. The Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst reinforced the generation of monophenol compounds in both concentration and yield. Compared with molten carbonate pyrolysis, the Fe on the catalyst not only benefited the breaking of β-O-4 bonds and methoxy groups of lignin but also lowered the temperature during molten carbonate pyrolysis to minimize the secondary cracking of phenolic compounds.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
催化反应工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
·
2020
·
IF 8.208
Qiuhao Wu,Yunpu Wang,Yujie Peng,Linyao Ke,Qi Yang,Lin Jiang,Leilei Dai,Yuhuan Liu,Roger Ruan,Donghua Xia,Li Jiang
Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of waste cooking oil is an environmentally friendly and economical method for obtaining benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) which are important industrial chemicals. This study provides new routes to produce of BTEX and the utilization of waste cooking oil. The effect of catalytic temperatures (350 °C, 400 °C, 450 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C), types of metal oxide (CoO, NiO, ZrO 2 , SrO, CeO 2 , and CaO), catalytic modes (ex-situ mixed catalysis, ex-situ separate catalysis, and in-situ separate catalysis), and ratio of HZSM-5 to metal oxide (HZSM-5 only, 4:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and CaO only) were studied. Results showed high catalytic temperature promoted the formation of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at the cost of a decrease in bio-oil yield. But the concentration of BTEXS (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and styrene) only increased from 256.58 mg/ml to 259.55 mg/ml with a temperature increase from 500 °C to 550 °C. Alkaline earth metal oxides (CaO, SrO) showed a significant deoxygenation capability during co-catalysis with HZSM-5. However, when CaO was applied under ex-situ mixed catalysis, the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was up to 35.47%, which was much higher than 9.18% under HZSM-5 only. Also, the concentration of BTEXS decreased from 256.58 mg/ml (HZSM-5 only) to 167.54 mg/ml (HZSM-5 mixed with CaO). Further investigation of catalytic mode showed that ex-situ separate catalysis was more suitable for co-catalysis of alkaline earth metal oxides and HZSM-5. The concentration of BTEXS were both significantly higher than that of HZSM-5 only, which increased by 121.81 mg/ml for CaO and 108.52 mg/ml for SrO under ex-situ separate catalysis. Further study showed that the highest concentration of BTEXS was 702.20 mg/ml obtained when the ratio of HZSM-5 to CaO was 2:1. It was almost 2.8 times higher than HZSM-5 alone and 42.2 times higher than non-catalytic results.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY
·
2019
·Vol. 55
·期 10
·998-1008
·
IF 1.043
Chuanzhang Ge,Fan Zhenghua,Shen Long,Qiao Yongmin,Ling Licheng,Wang Jianming
A scalable synthesis of unique pyrolysis carbons from phosphorus-doped epoxyphenolics (EPN) through a facile curing and pyrolysis process is reported. The obtained carbons with a high pyrolysis yield of ca. 48% are investigated by SEM, TEM, XRD, Raman and nitrogen adsorption, and evaluated as anode for LIBs. The results show that the nanocrystal structure, proportion of defect sites and porosity (nanovoids) of the obtained carbons are highly dependent on pyrolysis temperature, thus affecting their electrochemical properties. The EPN carbon pyrolyzed at 900°C (EPN900) delivers the largest reversible capacity of nearly 420 mA h g –1 at 0.1 C, which is higher than the theoretical capacity of graphite, mainly resulting from lithium-ions insertion into the turbostratic nanosheets and absorption on defect sites. While the EPN carbon pyrolyzed at 2800°C (EPN2800) exhibits a balanced lithium storage performance with relatively large reversible capacity of 343 mA h g –1 , high initial coulombic efficiency (~86%), and superior cycling performance (299 mA h g –1 after 100 cycles at 0.3 C). This work provides a feasible solution for the large-scale preparation of high performance anode material and deepens the high-value utilization of the staple epoxy product.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源存储
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纳米材料
·
功能高分子
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2022
·
IF 6.437
Yang Li,Bin Hu,Hao Fu,Zhen-xi Zhang,Zi-teng Guo,Guan-zheng Zhou,Ling-jun Zhu,Ji Liu,Qiang Lu
4-Vinylphenol (4-VP) is a value-added phenol compound, which can be obtained from the pyrolysis of herbaceous biomass, and its yield can be further improved through the in-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis process. Herein, a barium-magnesium mixed metal oxide (BaMg-MMO) catalyst was developed and employed for the selective production of 4-VP from bagasse fast pyrolysis. The effects of Ba/Mg molar ratio in the BaMg-MMO catalyst, pyrolytic temperature, catalyst-to-bagasse (CA-to-BA) ratio were carefully investigated based on pyrolysis-chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) tests. The 4-VP yield reached a maximal of 7.3 wt% with the corresponding selectivity of 44.4% at 300 °C under the Ba/Mg molar ratio of 1:1 and the CA-to-BA ratio of 4:1, compared with that of 5.0 wt% in the non-catalytic process. Moreover, a series of lab-scale fast pyrolysis tests of bagasse were carried out in a fixed bed reactor using BaMg-MMO with a Ba/Mg molar ratio of 1:1. The highest 4-VP yield and selectivity were 7.1 wt% and 56.6% at 300 °C with the CA-to-BA ratio of 1:1. The results indicated that BaMg-MMO could provide a promising catalytic performance on the formation of 4-VP during the fast pyrolysis of bagasse.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
·
催化科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
·
2020
·
IF 4.725
Qi Sun,Lin Jiang,Huiqi Cao,Jinhua Sun,Ganbin Liu
Statistics have indicated that industrial accidents of ammonium nitrate were primarily caused by uncontrolled external fires where heating was dominantly controlled by radiation, and yet existing studies at milligram scale cannot fully simulate the real fire scenarios. To explore the pyrolysis behavior in typical fires, this study conducted thermal radiation experiments using pure ammonium nitrate, and its mixtures with copper oxide and sulfuric acid. Different from the pyrolysis process identified in milligram scale tests, the bench-scale pyrolysis of ammonium nitrate under radiation consisted of four stages. Pyrolysis structure model of each stage was built to reveal the differences in dominated thermal behavior. Results indicated that two additives had different thermo-chemical effects on pyrolysis of ammonium nitrate. Sulfuric acid accelerated the reaction rate of each stage by generating catalytic nitric acid; copper oxide reduced the number of reaction stages into three via surface absorptions. The time and mass loss rate of different stages were determined. Recommendations on effective emergency response were made to prevent the transition of slow decomposition into fast decomposition, and thus to intervene the fire-induced domino effect of ammonium nitrate. This study helps to understand the pyrolysis behavior of ammonium nitrate under fire exposure, and provides insights for pyrolysis modeling and firefighting in industry of interest.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
安全科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）