CHEMICAL PAPERS
·
2017
·Vol. 69
·期 4
·580-585
·
IF 1.258
Wei Song-Bo,Tang Bo,Peng Xin-Hua
4-Nitro- o -xylene was selectively oxidized to 2-methyl-4-nitrobenzoic acid using dilute nitric acid as the oxidizing agent under atmospheric pressure. The oxidation of 4-nitro- o -xylene was effectively promoted by an addition of radical initiators. Under reflux, 2-methyl-4-nitrobenzoic acid was afforded in high yield using nitric acid combined with N -hydroxyphthalimide, cobalt dichloride (CoCl 2 · 6H 2 O), manganese acetate (Mn(OAc) 2 · 4H 2 O) and phase transfer catalyst.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2013
·
IF 5.008
Gang Wang,Wangen Zhao,Yong Cui,Qingwen Tian,Shang Gao,Lijian Huang,Daocheng Pan
Homogeneous molecular precursor solutions are excellent choices for obtaining smooth absorber layers, and they offer the potential to significantly lower the manufacturing cost of solar cells. Here, we present a thermally degradable metal butyldithiocarbamate-based solution approach to fabricate Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 solar cells. Low-cost Cu2O, ZnO, and SnO were used as the starting materials and were dissolved in the ethanol solution of butyldithiocarbamic acid. By tuning the composition of the Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 thin film, a power conversion efficiency of 6.03% on the basis of the active area has been achieved.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光伏技术
·
薄膜技术
·
可持续能源
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ADSORPTION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
Yao JiaCheng,Li Li,Yuan Wenhui
Octafluoropropane (C3F8) is widely used as etching agent in refrigeration, air conditioning and semiconductor industries. However, due to its long lifespan and strong infrared absorbing ability, once C3F8 is emitted, the atmospheric radiation absorbing ability will be permanently altered, which will result in a serious greenhouse effect. Therefore, the efficient removal technology of C3F8 is crucial in protecting the environment and alleviating the greenhouse effect. In this work, a series of X-ETS-4 (X: Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba) molecular sieves were synthesized by solvothermal and ion-exchange method. The morphology and structure of the prepared X-ETS-4 were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, and SEM, etc. The adsorption performance of the X-ETS-4 on C3F8 are determined by fixed-bed adsorption breakthrough experiments and single-component isothermal adsorption experiments. The adsorption mechanism was investigated using different adsorption theoretical models. The results show that Ba-ETS-4 exhibits high adsorption capacity and high adsorption selectivity for C3F8, achieving C3F8 adsorption separation at very low concentration (C3F8/N2 volume ratio = 1:400). The saturated adsorption capacity of Ba-ETS-4 on C3F8 reaches 155.17 mg/g (298 K, 170 kPa), which is 15.49 times more than that of Na-ETS-4. In addition, the ideal adsorption solution theory (IAST) separation selectivity of C3F8/N2 reaches 341–941 in the pressure range of 0–170 kPa.
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RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
·
2026
·
IF 3.5
Ren Qiuxuan,Xu Jiaojiao,Liu Yuqi,Ma Aijie,Zhang Gai
The development of ORR catalysts that combine high activity with low cost is essential for advancing the practical implementation of related technologies. In this work, an ORR catalyst Co 2 Pc 2 (EP) 4 /RGO was successfully synthesized via a facile π-π self-assembly approach, where spherical binuclear metallophthalocyanine (Co 2 Pc 2 (EP) 4 ) was loaded onto the surface of reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The structural and morphological characteristics of Co 2 Pc 2 (EP) 4 /RGO were systematically investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Electrochemical performance tests showed that the onset potential ( E 0 ) of Co 2 Pc 2 (EP) 4 /RGO was comparable to that of commercial Pt/C, while the half-wave potential (E 1/2 ) of Co 2 Pc 2 (EP) 4 /RGO exhibited a positive shift of 130 mV compared to that of pure Co 2 Pc 2 (EP) 4 . The electrocatalytic activity of Co 2 Pc 2 (EP) 4 / RGO dramatically enhanced because of π-π interactions between Co 2 Pc 2 (EP) 4 and RGO, which promoted the oxygen molecules concentration around the active sites. The high oxygen molecules concentration is conducive to form an intermediate O 2 ads - Co 2 Pc 2 (EP) 4 @RGO to decrease the activation energy of the *OOH dissociation step in a four-electron ORR process and the oxygen molecules could be reduced more easily. This study offers a new direction for the design of oxygen reduction reaction catalysts.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·
IF 7.5
Jin-Xing Zheng,Min-Hua Cui,Yan Zhang,Jing Wu,He Liu,Zhi-Yong Zheng
Nitrophenols are toxic and recalcitrant organic pollutants, posing a major challenge for wastewater treatment. Herein, a Fe-doped cyanobacterial biochar catalyst (Fe 3 /C 1 -800) was fabricated via a one-step impregnation pyrolysis strategy using lake-harvested cyanobacterial biomass as the carbon matrix and FeCl 3 ∙6H 2 O as both the in-situ activator and Fe source realizing the 'waste-to-treat-waste' concept. When applied to the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), the Fe 3 /C 1 -800/NaBH 4 system achieved nearly complete reduction of 4-NP within 5 min, with a high turnover frequency (TOF) of 0.67 mmol·g -1 ·min -1 , surpassing most reported transition-metal catalysts and approaching noble-metal activity. The catalyst exhibited high efficiency over a wide pH range (3-11) and temperature range (15-45 ℃), resisted interference from Cl - and NO 3 - , and retain 93.7% of its activity after four consecutive cycles. In real water matrices (Lake Taihu water and secondary effluent from a sewage treatment plant), the 4-NP removal efficiency reached 95.4% and 88.1%, respectively. Mechanistic investigations revealed a synergistic effect between the catalyst’s large specific surface area (802.16 m 2 ·g -1 ) for 4-NP adsorption and the Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ redox cycle for accelerated electron transfer. This synergy promotes BH₄⁻ dissociation to generate active hydrogen species, enabling the selective reduction of 4-NP to 4-aminophenol (4-AP) with 97% selectivity. Furthermore, Fe 3 /C 1 -800 displayed broad-spectrum catalytic activity toward diverse nitrophenol contaminants (e.g., o -nitrophenol, p -nitrotoluene) with conversion rates >90%. This work not only offers a low-cost, eco-friendly pathway for cyanobacterial valorization but also offers a novel design principle of high-performance biochar-based catalysts, advancing the development of sustainable reduction systems for refractory organic wastewater.
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PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 4.8
Yaofeng He,Zhengyang Shi,Xiaokang Liu,Juan Du,Guoqiang Zhang
Plant-parasitic nematodes pose a severe threat to global agricultural production, creating an urgent demand for green and highly efficient nematicides. In this study, we investigated the nematicidal activity and underlying action mechanism of 4-(diethylamino)salicylaldehyde (DSA) against Ditylenchus destructor . DSA exhibited significant nematicidal activity with a 72 h LC₅₀ of 1.951 μg/mL. At 10 μg/mL, DSA completely inhibited nematode infection, comparable to fluopyram. DSA damaged the body wall, induced reactive oxygen species accumulation and lipid peroxidation, and inhibited antioxidant enzymes. Multi-omics analysis revealed that DSA disrupted glycolysis and the TCA cycle, suppressed pyruvate dehydrogenase activity, and reduced ATP levels. Molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis confirmed that DSA directly targets the PDH E1α subunit via Arg93 and Tyr92. Notably, DSA showed low toxicity to mammals, birds, and silkworm, with only moderate toxicity to zebrafish. Collectively, this study reveals a PDH-targeted, multi-pathway synergistic nematicidal mechanism of DSA, providing a theoretical basis and a promising lead compound for green nematicide development.
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Solar RRL
·
2026
·Vol. 10
·期 9
·e70362
·
IF 4.8
Yingjun Zhou,Chuanhe Ma,Shulei Liang,Yujun Li,Hailong Wang
In Cu 2 ZnSn(S, Se) 4 (CZTSSe) solar cells, the conventional magnetron-sputtered ZnO (ZnO-SP) suffers from high cost, low efficiency, and interface damage. This study systematically compares sol–gel ZnO (ZnO-SG) and 18C6 crown ether-modified sol–gel ZnO (ZnO-SG-18C6) as interfacial layers. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), AFM, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show ZnO-SP has a uniform hexagonal wurtzite structure, whereas ZnO-SG displays an amorphous fibrous morphology with bright/dark striations. Both exhibit similar UV absorption peaks, but ZnO-SG shows broader absorption and double-exponential decay. Density–voltage ( J – V ) tests reveal that ZnO-SG-18C6 increases PCE from 8.5% to 10.6%, surpassing the 9.5% achieved with ZnO-SP. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis shows that the ZnO-SG-18C6 layer reduces carrier recombination, with the charge transfer resistance ( R ct ) increasing by 30%. Transient photocurrent measurements further reveal that it enhances the photocurrent response, achieving a 1.8-fold increase in the peak, which rises to four times under a 70% high duty cycle.This work demonstrates ZnO-SG-18C6 as a low-cost, high-efficiency alternative to ZnO-SP in CZTSSe solar cells.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.8
Guanglin He,Jing Guo
We report a plasmon-mediated route to drive the azo coupling of 4-aminothiophenol to 4,4′-dimercaptoazobenzene on a gold nanostructure on a nanoelectrode (NSoNE) platform. Gold nanostructures were grown on electrochemically etched gold nanoelectrodes to form NSoNE substrates. The curved tip showed a larger enhancement factor than the planar rear surface, with values of 1.31× 104 and 3.08 × 103. Surface-enhanced Raman spectra tracked the azo coupling reaction in real time. At 88 μW μm–2, the curved tip reached a steady state in 37.5 s, while the planar region required 108.4 s. Reducing the power to 44 μW μm–2 slowed the process. Phenyl isocyanide (PIC) served as a molecular thermometer. The C≡N peak of PIC showed a linear red shift with temperature, with a slope of −0.246 cm–1 °C–1. Calibrated maps revealed a nonuniform thermal field that peaked at the tip. Potassium bromate was used to consume hot electrons. The reaction still proceeded in 0.8 mmol L–1 of KBrO3 but with longer steady-state times of 56.4 s at the curved tip and 109.3 s at the planar region. Dark-field heating experiments indicate that thermal effects can effectively activate the 4-ATP coupling reaction, yet they are insufficient to achieve the maximum reaction state. Overall, the results demonstrate that thermal effects can activate and accelerate the reaction process, with the most pronounced influence near the tip; moreover, electron-related reaction pathways also play a certain role.
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MOLECULES
·
2026
·Vol. 31
·期 17
·3096
·
IF 5.1
Haixia Wu,Dianheng Yu,Jinliang Hu,Fang Wang,Songtao Zhang,Kailu Guo,Huan Pang
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have significant potential in electrochemical sensors, but the guest molecules and residual solvents in the pores often block the active sites and limit the reaction kinetics. One-dimensional nanostructures can provide direct conduction pathways and shorten ion diffusion distances, thereby enhancing electron transport and electrode contact. Meanwhile, fluorine-incorporated MOF materials leverage the high electronegativity of fluorine to substitute oxygen, suppress oxidation to widen the voltage window, and improve stability through enhanced hydrophobicity. In this work, 4-fluorosalicylic acid (4FSA) was used as the ligand and benzimidazole (Bim) was introduced to adjust the coordination environment, and one-dimensional Bim4FSA-MOF nanorods were successfully constructed. While the guest molecules were largely removed, the nickel sites were thereby activated and the pore size was enlarged. Due to the synergistic effect of one-dimensional nanostructure-promoted electron transport and the Ni(OH)2/NiOOH dynamic active center, the B-250 composite exhibited excellent performance in a glucose electrochemical sensor. The optimized sensor delivered a detection limit of 0.022 μM and a detection time of 0.9 s, along with a sensitivity value of 2986.45 μA mM−1cm−2, which provides a new strategy for the design of efficient MOF-based electrochemical sensor interface.
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 3.3
Liqiang Ma,Pengpeng Wei,Jingfang Li,Liye Liang,Guangming Li
To develop efficient and reusable catalysts for biodiesel production, quaternary heteropolyacid H 4 PVMo 2 W 9 O 40 (PVMo 2 W 9 ) was effectively wrapped inside rht -MOF-1 { rht -MOF-1 = [Cu 6 O(TZI) 3 (H 2 O) 6 ] 4 ⋅nH 2 O}, affording a crystalline H 4 PVMo 2 W 9 O 40 @ rht -MOF-1 ( 1 ) by one-pot hydrothermal method. The identification of the crystal structure of 1 was achieved through the utilization of X-ray crystallography. Nano-size crystals of 1 ( n-1 ) were prepared with the assistance of surfactant Tween 20. Notably, crystal n-1 was of cube shape grown along {100} facets rather than octahedral shape for 1 . When n-1 was applied as the catalyst for the esterification reactions, high conversion rates were achieved. E. g. about 97 % conversion for oleic acid to the corresponding monoalkyl esters and about 87 % for rapeseed oil to biodiesel. The catalyst was heterogeneous and recyclable 7 times without obvious attenuation. Further, the correlation between the catalytic activity and structure of n-1 was investigated in terms of the distribution of active sites, various pores in rht -MOF-1, and the accessibility of catalytic sites on the {100} facets.
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OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2020
·
IF 2.779
Guonan Cui,Yanchun Yang,Ruilan Chen,Chengjun Zhu
Cations substitutions are known to make much significant contribution on achieving the high-quality kesterite Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 thin films . And the optimal ratios of Mn, Ni and Co substitutions are reported to be ~0.05, belong to the low doping to reduce their defect density , which looks like to some extent the effect of Na doping. In this study, learning the research experience of alkali metal doping, we introduced the extra trace Mn 2+ ion into the precursor solution without affecting the compositions of other elements (i.e. Cu, Zn, and Sn), and the effect of trace addition on properties of the absorber layer was also studied. It was discovered that crystalline, electrical properties, and hole carrier concentration of Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 thin films increased with an increase of Mn incorporation, and the best doping ratio of Mn/(Cu + Zn + Sn) was considered to be 0.03. In addition, the effect of extra trace Mn-doping on the film thickness and elemental compositions of Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 absorber layer were studied in detail.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
半导体物理
·
薄膜制备
·
光伏材料
·
固体化学
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2023
·Vol. 24
·期 6
·5393
·
IF 5.6
Yuying Hou,Yufei Wang,Xiaoyu Liu,Naveed Ahmad,Nan Wang,Libo Jin,Na Yao,Xiuming Liu
C4H (cinnamate 4-hydroxylase) is a pivotal gene in the phenylpropanoid pathway, which is involved in the regulation of flavonoids and lignin biosynthesis of plants. However, the molecular mechanism of C4H-induced antioxidant activity in safflower still remains to be elucidated. In this study, a CtC4H1 gene was identified from safflower with combined analysis of transcriptome and functional characterization, regulating flavonoid biosynthesis and antioxidant defense system under drought stress in Arabidopsis. The expression level of CtC4H1 was shown to be differentially regulated in response to abiotic stresses; however, a significant increase was observed under drought exposure. The interaction between CtC4H1 and CtPAL1 was detected using a yeast two-hybrid assay and then verified using a bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) analysis. Phenotypic and statistical analysis of CtC4H1 overexpressed Arabidopsis demonstrated slightly wider leaves, long and early stem development as well as an increased level of total metabolite and anthocyanin contents. These findings imply that CtC4H1 may regulate plant development and defense systems in transgenic plants via specialized metabolism. Furthermore, transgenic Arabidopsis lines overexpressing CtC4H1 exhibited increased antioxidant activity as confirmed using a visible phenotype and different physiological indicators. In addition, the low accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in transgenic Arabidopsis exposed to drought conditions has confirmed the reduction of oxidative damage by stimulating the antioxidant defensive system, resulting in osmotic balance. Together, these findings have provided crucial insights into the functional role of CtC4H1 in regulating flavonoid biosynthesis and antioxidant defense system in safflower.Keywords:cinnamate 4-hydroxylase;safflower;flavonoid biosynthesis;antioxidant;Arabidopsis
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