WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
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2025
·Vol. 237
·期 6
·331
·
IF 3
Chen Xinyu,Shen Xudong,Hua Yu,Lian Jianjun,Kong Qiaoping,Ye Tianran,Chen Bo,Wang Xinyang
The lignocellulosic biorefinery sector holds significant potential to play a pivotal role in advancing global carbon neutrality goals. However, the efficient utilization of waste lignin remains a critical bottleneck, severely impeding the sustainable development of this industry. This study used a two-step method to prepare zinc and nitrogen activated lignin (Zn/N-lignin), and investigated its removal performance, influencing factors, and potential mechanisms for hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) in water. Results indicated that Cr(VI) removal process conformed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model. At an initial Cr(VI) concentration of 10 mg·L −1 and an adsorbent dosage of 400 mg·L −1 , the maximum adsorption capacity at 298 K was 284.61 mg·g −1 . Low concentrations (less than 0.1 mmol·L −1 ) of cations Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ , as well as competitive anions H 2 PO 4 − and NO 3 − , have little effect on the removal of Cr(VI). Zn/N-Lignin possessed a good regeneration performance, and the removal efficiency still reached more than 80% after five adsorption and desorption times. Spectral analysis and density functional theory calculations indicated that the main mechanisms of Zn/N-Lignin for removing Cr(VI) from water were electrostatic adsorption, hydrogen bonding and chemical reduction. In order to investigate the environmental impact of the preparation process of Zn/N-Lignin, a life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted and the contribution of each component to the production of Zn/N-Lignin was analyzed. These results show that Zn/N-Lignin is not only an effective pathway for lignin resource utilization, but also an economically efficient adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal. Graphical
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WATER RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 12.4
Huajing Zhou,Kun Wang,Liang He,Zilian Liu,Dianchao Kong,Qiang Zhang,Song Jin,Ying Han,Qingqing Guan,Guoping Sheng
Groundwater remediation presents significant challenges, while microbial electrocatalytic remediation is promising but suffers from low efficiency due to low periplasmic electron transfer. Unlike traditional methods, which involve directly improving the conditions for electron transfer, herein, we first developed an electron-enhanced proton motive force (PMF) strategy for effective Cr(VI) removal. The proton is used as a new mutagenic source to mutate microorganisms by coupling with a micro-electric field. Interestingly, the dominant bacterial species of Rhizobium can directly capture protons (H + ) and electrons from the cathode as energy sources, resulting in greater than 97% reduction and immobilization of Cr(VI) in groundwater. Since the increase in the proton concentration gradient across the cytoplasmic membrane is due to the free diffusion of protons through new proton transfer channels, the extracellular electron transfer (EET) process is accelerated significantly, and Cr(VI) can also shuttle inside the cell to be reduced. 13 C isotope tracer technology and genetic volcano maps were used to further monitor the active transmembrane ETC transport pathway. The accumulated H + transfers electrons through reduced coenzymes, such as glycoside hydrolases (GH3, GH13-40, and GH5-15) and beta-galactosidase (CBM43), establishing a new transmembrane transfer pathway in the periplasmic space. In addition, unlike conventional bioremediation techniques, the proton gradient intensifies the motive force (PMF-H + ) to accelerate the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate, which provides energy for the bioremediation of Cr(VI), leading to a high bioelectrocatalytic rate. The new PMF-H + strategy successfully restored Cr(VI)-contaminated groundwater in situ to meet the water quality standard, indicating great potential for groundwater remediation.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 14.3
Hongxiang Chen,Zhilong Zhang,Xiaochun Wen,Ze Zhang,Fa Chang,Jianeng Huang,Yunfeng Su,Hengzhong Fan,Bing Xiao,Yongsheng Zhang
The discovery of out-of-plane ordered (o-MAX) phases has been largely confined to Al-containing systems, leaving a critical gap in understanding chemical ordering mechanisms across other A-element families. Meanwhile, the 413-type Ge-based MAX phases in bulk form are still lacking. Here, we report the first synthesis of bulk Ge-based 413-type MAX phases: Cr 2 Ti 2 GeC 3 , (Cr 1/3 Ti 1/3 Mo 1/3 ) 4 GeC 3 , and (CrTiVMo)GeC 3 , thereby expanding both structural complexity and chemical ordering paradigms in nanolaminate ceramics, and introducing the second series of o-MAX phases. Through combined Rietveld refinement and atomic-resolution elemental mapping, we demonstrate robust Ti-Cr out-of-plane chemical ordering in these phases, with Ti preferentially occupying the inner metal layers adjacent to Ge atoms and Cr populating the outer layers. This chemical ordering pattern is preserved even in quaternary metal compositions. In contrast, the introduced Mo and V are distributed almost randomly at both sites. First-principles calculations demonstrated the thermodynamic stability and electronic structure, and quantified the mechanical properties of Ge-based 413 phases, revealing enhanced mechanical moduli and tunable ductility through V/Mo incorporation. This work expands the o-MAX family beyond Al-based systems, establishing Ge-containing high- n phases as a platform for designing chemically ordered nanolaminates with tailored stiffness-ductility balance.
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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Xiao-Qian Jin,Jia-Lei Li,Jun-Bin Xiong,Rui Zhang,Chen-Yuan Li,Xue-Ting Wang,Wei-Hong Guo,Da-Chuan Yin
In this work, cross-linked hemoglobin crystals (CLHCs) were synthesized using discarded cow blood as raw material, and palladium nano particles (Pd NPs) was synthesized in situ within its lattice to obtain CLHCs@Pd catalytic used for catalyzing the reduction of Cr(VI). In addition, we investigated the influence of synthesis process on the morphology, loading capacity, and size of Pd NPs, and the results showed that the minimum size of Pd NPs was distributed around 2 nm under any process conditions. The X-ray single crystal diffraction results indicate that the lattice of protein crystals may have a controlling effect on the size of Pd NPs. Subsequently, the mechanism of synthesizing Pd NPs by CLHCs was studied using techniques such as SEM, TEM, FTIR and XPS. Finally, the catalytic activity and cycling performance of Cr(VI) removal by CLHCs@Pd were evaluated. The results indicate that the CLHCs@Pd not only exhibit high catalytic activity for Cr(VI) removal, but also maintain consistent catalytic performance over 20 consecutive catalytic cycles. Overall, this work provides CLHCs@Pd catalysts have the following advantages: (1) small size and uniform dispersion of Pd NPs; (2) High cycling performance and high catalytic activity; (3) Low cost and environmentally friendly preparation process.
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JOURNAL OF POROUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
Li Jionghui,Zhang Weiquan,Chen Qing,Xiong Chunhua
Polyacrylonitrile-2-aminopyridine (PAN-TAP) is a novel chelating fiber rapidly prepared by microwave-assisted synthesis method. The optimal synthesis conditions are microwave power of 800 W, reaction at 140 ℃ for 20 min. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) shows nucleophilic addition reaction between cyanide and 2-aminopyridine in PAN fibers. thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) shows that the synthesized material is stable within 200 ℃. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) shows that synthetic materials have a larger diameter and a very rough surface compared to PAN fibers. The synthesized materials were also characterized by elemental analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Meanwhile, the adsorption characteristics and mechanism of PAN-TAP for Cr(Ⅵ) were evaluated. When the pH of the solution is 2, the adsorption capacity of Cr (Ⅵ) is the highest and it has good separation ability, with a maximum separation coefficient of β Cr/Ni = 357.75. The adsorption process conforms to the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that the adsorption mechanism is a chemisorption of monolayer adsorption. Cr(Ⅵ) is reduced to Cr(Ⅲ) by the amino groups on the fiber and then adsorbed. The maximum theoretical adsorption capacity is 287.1 mg/g (at 298 K), and the adsorption equilibrium can be reached within 1 h. The thermodynamic parameter Δ H > 20 kJ·mol − 1 indicates that adsorption is a spontaneous endothermic process. PAN-TAP fibers can be eluted with hydrochloric acid and reused. Overall, PAN-TAP is a cost-effective and rapid adsorbent, which has broad application prospects for the removal of Cr(Ⅵ) in water.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Liqing Zhang,Bo Li,Zhenye Jiang,Haoyuan Xu,Chengqian Li,Yonggang Wei,Hua Wang
Among many pollution sources, Cr(VI) has captured much attention because of its strong toxicity, bioaccumulation and carcinogenicity. In recent years, nanoscale magnesium oxide has shown great potential in removing Cr(VI) pollution in water by virtue of its excellent adsorption and environmental friendliness. In this study, a high‑magnesium slag produced during the nitric acid pressure leaching process of laterite nickel ore was utilized as raw material for nano MgO preparation. A nano MgO-based adsorbent material (T-MgO) was prepared via the modification of MgO by nano TiO 2 which was synthesized use low-grade titanium slag as titanium source. Adsorption results demonstrated that T-MgO exhibits rapid adsorption performance, reaching adsorption equilibrium within 60 min. The kinetic adsorption conforms to the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model, revealing a chemisorption-dominated mechanism. According to the Freundlich model analysis, saturated adsorption capacity of the T-MgO for Cr(VI) reached 241.53 mg/g. The T-MgO material also possesses excellent reusability and selectivity to Cr(VI) adsorption. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis was performed to elucidate the Cr(VI) removal mechanism. Cr(VI) existing as HCrO 4 − and Cr₂O₇ 2− species under pH = 2 is electrostatically adsorbed on the protonated active sites of T-MgO. With the participation of free electrons generated by the nano-TiO 2 semiconductor, Cr(VI) is reduced to low-toxicity Cr(III), forming Mg-O-Cr bonds. The study achieved the purposes of superior and economic removal of Cr(VI) and high value-added utilization of the magnesium and titanium secondary resources.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Tang Xiaojing,Shakeel Zeb,Hao Li,Abdul Haleem,Zhong Hua
The removal of hexavalent chromium from wastewater is a pressing environmental challenge due to its high toxicity and strong mobility in aquatic systems. To address this issue, we engineered a three-dimensional porous biomonolith via redox cryopolymerization, leveraging the abundant functional groups and structural advantages of covalently crosslinked lignin and chitosan for efficient chromium adsorption. Remarkably, the developed biomonolith exhibited a high chromium adsorption capacity of 232.2 mg/g at pH 2, reaching 63.6% of equilibrium uptake within the first 30 min and achieving full equilibrium in 90 min. This enhanced performance stems from the synergistic effects of the material’s macroporous structure, which facilitates rapid chromium diffusion, and its multifunctional surface chemistry, featuring amine, amide, sulfonic, and oxygen-containing groups. These functional groups promote chromium adsorption through electrostatic interactions and partial reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III), as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The positively charged Cr(III) further strengthens electrostatic interactions with lignin’s oxygen-containing groups, enhancing adsorption. The chromium adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R² = 0.972) and the Freundlich isotherm (R² = 0.93), indicating chemisorption and surface complexation as the dominant mechanisms. The developed biomonolith exhibits enhanced selectivity, improved shelf stability, and excellent reusability for chromium adsorption. This lignin-based biomonolith presents a promising solution for Cr(VI) removal, offering significant potential for environmental applications and advancing research in sustainable wastewater treatment.
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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering
·
2021
·Vol. 15
·期 5
·1185-1196
·
IF 4.204
Liu Wanyue,Liu Xiaoqin,Chang Jinming,Jiang Feng,Pang Shishi,Gao Hejun,Liao Yunwen,Yu Sheng
The magnetic nitrogen-doped carbon (MNC) was prepared from polypyrrole by a simple high temperature calcination process in this paper. The structure and properties of MNC were analyzed by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Brunner-Emmet-Teller, vibrating sample magnetometer, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The capacity of MNC to adsorb Cr(VI) and Pb(II) was evaluated. The effects of the initial pH, dosage, concentration and temperature on the adsorption capacity of MNC were measured. MNC had a large specific surface area and a special porous structure. Its nitrogen and carbon sources were rich, and the ratio of carbon to nitrogen was fixed. The maximum Cr(VI)-adsorption capacity and maximum Pb(II) adsorption capacity of MNC could reach 456.63 and 507.13 mg·g −1 at 318 K, respectively. The pseudo-second-order model was used to describe the adsorption kinetics of MNC, and the Freundlich model was employed to discuss its isotherms. The adsorption process was affected by the electrostatic force, the reducing reaction, pores and chelation. The results of this study suggest that MNC is a material with superior performance, and is very easily regenerated, reused, and separated in the adsorption process.
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2018
·
IF 4.427
Peng Liu,Xiangyu Wang,Jun Ma,Huiling Liu,Ping Ning
To provide superior substrates and determine the specific species of immobilized nano zero-valent iron (NZVI) system, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane was functionalized by bio-inspired polydopamine (PDA) and poly( l -DOPA) (PDOPA) for efficient immobilization of NZVI. The synthesized composites were denoted as PAN/PDA-NZVI (PPN) and PAN/PDOPA-NZVI (PON), respectively. Analyses of XRD, SEM/EDS and XPS show that the aggregation and release of iron nanoparticles had been successfully controlled by improving membrane hydrophilcity and iron-chelating capacity via the graft of functionalized groups (i.e. OH and COOH) of PDA and PDOPA on PAN membrane. Both PPN and PON composites exhibited superior reactivity for Cr(VI) removal (Cr(VI) removal efficiency and reaction rate were 2.21–2.22 and 9.90–10.14 times higher than that of bare NZVI, respectively). The stability and recyclability of PPN and PON composites could be maintained over repeated cycles. Further analyses indicate that PON is more capable for Cr(VI) elimination than PPN due to the proprietary carboxyl of l -DOPA. With the addition of 1,10-phenanthroline, membrane-chelated Fe(II) was determined to be the major species in Cr(VI) removal system, accounting for 56.9% and 53.8% with regard to PPN and PON composites, and Fe 0 was responsible for the reduction of residual Cr(VI). Analyse of reacted composites revealed that Cr(VI) was completely converted into Cr(III), followed by formation of dominant Cr(III)/Fe(III) (oxy)hydroxides and partial desorption from NZVI reactive sites. This study suggested that both synthesized PPN and PON composites have potentials for Cr(VI)-contaminated wastewater treatment .
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CATALYSIS TODAY
·
2013
·
IF 2.98
Xuefeng Hu,Huanhuan Ji,Fei Chang,Yongming Luo
In this study, a rapid reduction of Cr(VI) and degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) in a simultaneous manner was reported through the catalysis of g-C 3 N 4 under visible light ( λ > 420 nm) irradiation. The effects of initial concentration of reactants, dissolved O 2 and pH value were investigated systematically. It indicated that, under the optimized concentration, the Cr(VI) reduction and 2,4,6-TCP oxidation could be accomplished in couple of hours in the presence of g-C 3 N 4 . And also, the O 2 involvement and low pH value were able to significantly improve the removal rate of Cr(VI) and 2,4,6-TCP. In addition, the reaction mechanism was investigated through monitoring the reduced states of Cr(VI) and active oxygen intermediates formed during photoreaction by ESR and XPS, as well as determining the degradation products of 2,4,6-TCP by HPLC–MS. The results supported that the redox reactions of Cr(VI) and 2,4,6-TCP can be performed simultaneously via a synergistic oxidation–reduction mechanism in the presence of g-C 3 N 4 under visible light irradiation.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 9.965
Senda Su,Xiaoman Li,Xu Zhang,Jingting Zhu,Guodong Liu,Mengyao Tan,Yingying Wang,Min Luo
The incorporation of polyoxometalates (POMs) in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with host-guest structure have proven to be effective strategy to rational design of heterogeneous catalysis. In this study, the Keggin-type POM@MIL-101(Cr) composite catalysts (PMo 12 , PW 12 and SiW 12 ) are synthesized for nitrogen fixation reaction without sacrificial agents at room temperature in the first time. The SiW 12 molecules are encapsulated in smaller cavities of MIL-101(Cr) by solvothermal method and in larger cavities by impregnation method, respectively. Solvothermal synthesized catalyst has a performance of 75.56 μmol·h −1 ·g -1 cat and TOF value of 1.95 h −1 , which are about 10 and 88 times than that of Na 4 SiW 12 O 40 . The excellent performance is ascribed to the synergistic effect of SiW 12 and MIL-101(Cr). The MIL-101(Cr) adsorbs a large amount of N 2 and generates sufficiently photogenerated electrons under sunlight irradiation, and electrons quickly transfer to the SiW 12 through hydrogen bonds. Moreover, the agglomeration effect of the homogeneous catalyst SiW 12 is weakened due to encapsulation with more exposed active sites. This work provides a feasible route to design and synthesize nanocomposite materials with exceptional performance for photocatalytic nitrogen fixation.
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2019
·
IF 2.931
Fanglin Ming,Jingzhou Hou,Changjun Hou,Mei Yang,Xianfeng Wang,Jiawei Li,Danqun Huo,Qiang He
A novel, simple and low-cost nitrogen doped carbon dots (N-CDs) fluorescent sensor for sensitive detection of Cr (VI) was developed via one-step hydrothermal method using thymidine as carbon source. As-prepared N-CDs exhibited the ability of sensitive and selective detection of Cr (VI) through the inner filter effect (IFE). The performances of N-CDs were investigated with the characterization methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Under the optimized conditions, a good logarithm correlation between the fluorescence intensity of N-CD S and the concentration of Cr (VI) was obtained ranging from 0.1 μM to 430 μM (R 2 = 0.992), with a low detection limit (LOD; S/N = 3) of 1.26 nM. The fluorescent sensor showed good repeatability, reproducibility and stability. Furthermore, N-CDs fluorescent sensor had a good applicability for Cr (VI) detection in real water samples with acceptable recoveries, and the detection results were consistent with the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) results, indicating this fluorescent sensor has a great potential for the environmental monitoring.
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