Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·124128
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IF 7.5
Lin-Lin Liu,Xue-Ling Zeng,Xuan Shi,Yu-Zhuo Fan,Wen-Yan Zeng,Ze-Hui Bai,Rong-Ke You,Xue-Qin Zhan,Fang-Chang Tsai,Ning Ma
Developing a multifunctional composite membrane with efficient oil-water separation, antifouling, stability, bacterial filtration, and antibacterial functions is essential for treating oily and organic medical wastewater. In this study, a PVDF/TA/APTES/CMCS/Cu-BTC@TiO 2 membrane was fabricated using mussel-inspired surface chemistry and dip-coating. Hydrophilic tannic acid (TA) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) enhanced membrane hydrophilicity, while hydrolyzed γ-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES) formed a thin SiO 2 network layer that improved the stability of the deposited coating. Photocatalytic TiO 2 and biocompatible Cu-BTC contributed to the membrane’s photothermal response, antibacterial activity, and bacterial filtration. The membrane exhibited superhydrophilicity (water contact angle 10.3°), underwater oleophobicity (oil contact angle 153.9°), high water flux (5963.33 L·m −2 ·h −1 ), and 98.85% separation efficiency. It also achieved 99.99% bacterial filtration efficiency, 99.9% photothermal antibacterial rate, 99.99% photocatalytic sterilization, and self-cleaning ability. This multifunctional membrane shows great promise for oil-water separation and medical wastewater treatment.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2026
·Vol. 37
·期 18
·1424
·
IF 3.2
Li Yafang,Sun Yinong,Yan Mengchen,Ma Beining,Li Zhihao,Tian Tao,Li Zongjie,Yan Jing,Zhao Yixia
Textiles, owing to their excellent breathability, softness, and structural elasticity, hold great potential for applications in flexible sensors and intelligent wearable devices. Piezoelectric sensors have become a research hotspot in wearable technology due to their capability for long-term sensing and monitoring. In this work, coaxial electrospinning with dual nozzles (inner and outer) operating simultaneously was employed to fabricate nanofibers, where the synergistic effects of graphene oxide (GO) and barium titanate (BTO) doping were utilized to enhance the piezoelectric performance of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). GO, known for its high electrical conductivity, contributed to improved sensitivity of the composite nanofiber membrane after incorporation. When the mass fraction of GO was 0.1 wt% and that of BTO was 5 wt%, the β -phase content in PVDF reached its maximum value of 84.72%. Under an applied force of 2.2 N, the output voltage of the PVDF/GO/BTO composite nanofiber membrane reached 14.35 V, demonstrating a further enhancement in piezoelectric performance compared with single-component conductive fillers. Moreover, under a test load range of 0–3 N, the piezoelectric film exhibited a high sensitivity of 4.122 V·N⁻ 1 , and durability testing over 500 cycles confirmed its excellent mechanical robustness. Finally, a flexible piezoelectric sensor was fabricated and applied to human motion monitoring, confirming its outstanding potential for wearable sensing applications.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Xiaoxue Liao,Wenxi Hu,Jiaqing Su,Sha Cheng,Cheng Huang,Shihan Hu,Zhuowei Wang,Xiao Chen,Chunxia Zhao,Pengchao Zhang
Developing gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) is a promising strategy to mitigate safety concerns caused by the leakage of liquid electrolytes in lithium metal batteries (LMBs). However, fabricating a membrane with high thermal stability, whose derived GPE also maintains good electrochemical performance, remains a major challenge. Herein, we report a composite membrane, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP)/poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMIA), with excellent thermal stability and uniform nanoporous structure for high-performance GPE of LMBs. The PVDF-HFP/PMIA composite membrane, featuring a uniform pore size of 110 nm, is prepared by a double-sided solvent–nonsolvent exchange process via microfluidic technique. The incorporation of PMIA achieves the enhanced heat resistance of the composite membrane with a superior size retention of 86% after continuous heating at 250 °C for more than 360 min. The PVDF-HFP/PMIA GPEs-based Li||Li symmetric cells display stable voltage across various current densities and cycles for 600 h at 0.5 mA cm–2. Moreover, the morphology of the lithium anodes after 100 h shows uniform lithium deposition, demonstrating excellent suppression of lithium dendrite growth. The Li||LFP cells assembled with PVDF-HFP/PMIA-based GPEs deliver a high discharge capacity of 134.5 mAh g–1 at 5 C. The as-prepared heat-resistant GPEs membrane thus offers great potential for improving the safety performance of LMBs.
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Nanoscale Horizons
·
2026
·
IF 6.4
Jinjin Song,Haifan Tang,Junyun Zhang,Jiaxue Yu,Dailin Yuan,Yanqiu Zhang,Jinyang Wang,Di Pan,Weixu Tian,Jingye Jin,Jian Fang,Chenhong Lang
Respiratory acoustic signals provide a crucial insight for assessing respiratory system health and diagnosing related diseases. Flexible acoustic sensors hold promise for continuous, wearable monitoring but often face trade-offs between performance, comfort, and integration into daily textiles. Herein, we present an acoustic sensing fabric (ASF) woven from silver-plated nylon warps and PVDF-HFP nanofibrous core–shell wefts, which form piezoelectric/triboelectric units at yarn interlacing points to efficiently convert micro-amplitude vibrations into electrical signals. The optimized ASF exhibits a high output of up to 38.3 V at 170 Hz/118 dB, and shows notable sensitivity, reaching 15 mV Pa−1 at 1000 Hz/94 dB and even reaching 2.5 × 103 mV Pa−1 at 170 Hz/90–95 dB. Through systematic investigation of structural parameters, supported by laser Doppler vibrometry and finite element simulation, we elucidate how the fabric structure influences forced vibration and signal output. The ASF accurately records the directly produced respiratory sounds, the playback of pathological cardiopulmonary acoustics, and daily speech, demonstrating its capability for respiratory disease diagnosis. Moreover, it can be seamlessly integrated into common textiles using standard weaving processes. This work thus provides a practical, scalable platform for designing everyday wearable systems for applications such as respiratory monitoring, remote cardiopulmonary auscultation, and voice-assisted human–machine interfaces.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 6.6
Yi Zhang,Yiyuan Peng,Xiangming Li,Hao Lu,Zequn Ma
Developing flexible, metal-free membranes for efficient piezo-photocatalytic environmental remediation remains a critical challenge. Herein, an all-organic, hierarchical porous COF/PVDF-HFP composite film was fabricated via a phase inversion method. Driven by strong interfacial hydrogen bonding, the COF nanoparticles (with an optimal loading of 5 wt%) served as efficient nucleating agents, significantly enhancing the electroactive β-phase content of the PVDF-HFP matrix and boosting its piezoelectric response. Under simultaneous light and ultrasonic excitation, the optimized composite achieved a remarkable Rhodamine B degradation efficiency of 97.73% within 180 min, exhibiting a kinetic rate 2.3 times higher than that of pristine PVDF-HFP. Furthermore, it demonstrated robust broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy (>99% sterilization) against both E. coli and S. aureus . Crucially, by integrating density functional theory (DFT) calculations with absolute band alignments (UPS) and dynamic in-situ XPS tracing, we definitively unveiled an internal electric field-driven S-scheme heterojunction mechanism. This S-scheme pathway dynamically steers charge recombination, successfully retaining highly reductive photogenerated electrons on the COF to thermodynamically favor the dominant generation of superoxide radicals (·O 2 − ) and a remarkable yield of H 2 O 2 (937.6 µM). Exhibiting exceptional structural stability over multiple cycles, this entirely metal-free composite offers a robust, sustainable paradigm for engineering high-performance piezo-photocatalytic interfaces for water purification and hygiene protection.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 61
·期 39
·29832-29850
·
IF 4.4
Yue Aobo,Meng Xianhe,Ruan Zikang,Ren Huixin,Sun Qiang,Hu Xiaoyu,Tang Anchun,Yu Nengjun,Kang Qiaoling,Yan Lijing
The PVDF-based polymer electrolyte has the disadvantages of low ionic conductivity and low Li + migration number at room temperature, which hinders its application in lithium-ion batteries. Herein, polymer composite electrolytes were constructed utilizing three polymorphic Ce-MOFs as functional fillers to enhance its performance. The homogeneously dispersed Ce-MOF fillers restricted the reorganization of PVDF-HFP chains, thereby led to the change in crystallization and aggregation state of the polymer. Moreover, their porous structure and active sites also promoted the Lewis acid–base interactions with the polymer and TFSI − , promoting ion dissociation. Temperature-induced phase variation produced distinct porous crystalline structures formed the tetragonal-phase MOF-76-Ce exhibiting excellent properties with a room-temperature ionic conductivity of 7.89×10⁻ 4 S cm⁻ 1 and a Li + transference number of 0.79. The full cell assembled with this electrolyte and high-energy-density polyanionic LiMn 0.6 Fe 0.4 PO 4 cathodes demonstrated good cycling stability. It could reach discharge capacity of 147 mAh g⁻ 1 at 0.2 C and a capacity retention of 91% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C under a high cutoff voltage of 4.5 V. This work offers an effective filler strategy for developing high-performance quasi-solid-state polymer electrolytes and highlights the crucial role of metal–organic framework topology in advancing safe and durable lithium metal batteries. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Yuxuan Huang,Hongwei Lu,Shijia Yang,Weitao Su
High dielectric constant and high breakdown strength of nanodielectrics are difficult to achieve simultaneously, which is a challenge that must be faced in the current research, and a single-scale control strategy is difficult to solve the current problem. This study introduced hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFBMA) as a crosslinking modifier to prepare HFBMA/PVDF composite films by UV in situ crosslinking strategy. Through the study of multiscale control strategy, it was found that the FTIR results support the occurrence of UV-induced crosslinking, which is likely associated with the formation of a crosslinked network that restricts polymer-chain motion under high electric fields, inhibits the migration of molecular segments, significantly reduces the free-volume defects, and significantly increases the breakdown strength to 587.88 MV/m, which is 150% of PVDF (391.33 MV/m). The fluorinated side groups in HFBMA may contribute to deeper trapping states and charge-blocking effects because of their strong electronegativity, which is consistent with suppressed carrier migration and reduced space-charge injection, cutting conductivity loss and lowering the leakage current to 5.46 × 10 −7 A/cm 2 —one order of magnitude below that of pure PVDF. As a result, the energy storage density reaches 7.46 J/cm 3 , nearly double the value of PVDF. Graphical abstract
The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Mengya Cui,Jing Wang,Yue Yang,Guochen Dong,Yuxin Huang,Rongshi Xiao,Ting Huang
Polymer-based solid electrolytes are promising candidates for high-rate all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs), yet their ionic conductivity is fundamentally limited by the coupled effects of high crystallinity and the dominance of the nonpolar α-phase. In this study, we propose a femtosecond laser-enabled microstructure regulation strategy that synchronously enhances amorphous-phase formation and polar β-phase enrichment in polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based composite electrolytes (CPEs). Two-temperature modeling reveals that femtosecond pulses generate ultrafast, spatially confined thermal transients that lead to picosecond-scale melting followed by rapid cooling with local cooling rates approaching ∼107 K s–1. Such extreme nonequilibrium cooling is essential for freezing the amorphous phase and stabilizing the metastable β-phase formed during the transient thermal cycle. In addition, the intrinsic spatial energy distribution of the femtosecond laser produces radially and depth-dependent thermal gradients, which drive spatially selective phase reconstruction. The central high-temperature region undergoes partial melting and amorphization, whereas the surrounding intermediate-temperature zones preferentially stabilize the β-phase. Guided by these insights, we identify an optimal effective pulse count of 3.75, yielding a 3-fold increase in ionic conductivity (7.4 × 10–4 S cm–1) relative to pristine films. Solid-state cells employing the laser-processed electrolytes exhibit improved cycling stability, achieving ∼11% higher capacity retention after 200 cycles. This work establishes femtosecond laser-induced spatial phase regulation as a powerful, solvent-free route to synergistically modulate amorphous and polar crystalline phases in PVDF, offering a promising route toward high-performance solid-state energy storage technologies.
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Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 18
·期 13
·3089
·
IF 3.2
Chao Li,Xueying Yang,Xin Tang,Ying Yang,Linjiang Shen,Dawei Gu,Mustafa Eginligil
Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), as an emerging energy harvesting device, can efficiently convert the weak mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy, demonstrating significant potential in self-powered systems. In this study, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber films mixed with a small amount of n-propyl gallate (PG) were prepared by using the electrospinning technique, and TENGs were fabricated based on these films. Unexpectedly, experimental results showed that PG (with 0.5–2.5 wt%) did not affect the β phase of the PVDF. However, the TENG based on PVDF/PG composite nanofiber film with 1 wt% PG (PG1-TENG) exhibited large output values of 334 V, 4.36 μA, and 78.4 nC for output voltage, current, and transferred charge, respectively, with a power density of 5.27 W/m2, which highlights ~60% improvement in output voltage over pristine PVDF-TENG. This observation was attributed to the unique charge regulation ability of PG, without altering PVDF’s β phase. Furthermore, application potential of PG1-TENG was demonstrated by powering up an LCD calculator and 480 LEDs.
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Applied Sciences-Basel
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 12
·6654
·
IF 2.5
Hasan Ali Hayder,Peng Shi,Sama M. Al-Jubouri
Polymer membranes often face challenges of oil fouling and rapid water flux decline during the separation of oil-in-water emulsions, making them a focal point of ongoing research and development efforts. Coating PVDF membranes with a hydrogel layer equips the developed membranes with robust potential to mitigate oil fouling. However, developing a controllable thickness of a stable hydrogel layer to prevent the blocking of membrane pores remains a critical issue. In this work, atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma was used to prepare the surface of a PVDF membrane to improve its wettability and adhesion properties for coating with a thin hydrophilic film of an AM-NaA copolymer hydrogel. The AM-NaA/PVDF membrane exhibited superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties, along with exceptional anti-crude oil-fouling characteristics and a self-cleaning function. The AM-NaA/PVDF membrane achieved high separation efficiency, exceeding 99% for various oil-in-water emulsions, with residual oil content in the permeate of less than 10 mg/L after a single-step separation. Additionally, it showed a high-water flux of 5874 L/m2·h for crude oil-in-water emulsions. The AM-NaA/PVDF membrane showed good stability and easy cleaning by water washing over multiple crude oil-in-water emulsion separation and regeneration cycles. Adding CaCl2destabilized emulsions by promoting oil droplet coalescence, further boosting flux. This strategy provides a practical pathway for the development of highly reusable and oil-fouling-resistant membranes for the efficient separation of emulsified oily water.
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Nanoscale
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Yuanxiang Xiao,Weishi Zheng,Jibiao Guan,Yingyao Chen,Runxin Chen,Yini Zhao,Shuangfei Xiang
Radiative cooling offers a sustainable thermal management strategy for personal cooling under extreme solar exposure. Herein, a surface-engineered radiative cooling fabric (PHB-4%) was developed utilizing a simple electrospinning technique. The PHB-4% strategically integrates two-dimensional boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) with high refractive index as photon scattering centers within polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP) nanofibers. Through synergistic optimization of hierarchical micro-nano porous architectures and BNNS-enhanced photon scattering, the engineered PHB-4% achieves 94 % solar reflectivity and 91.5 % mid-infrared (MIR) emissivity, enabling a sub-ambient cooling effect of 5 °C under 824.4 W·m⁻² solar irradiation. Remarkably, the PHB fabric maintains 92 % reflectivity after extended ultraviolet exposure (60 days) and repeated laundering (100 cycles), outperforming conventional cooling textiles. The inherent hydrophobicity of PVDF-HFP further endows the PHB-4% with antifouling capabilities and contamination resistance. Besides, the evaluation of basic properties confirms preserved flexibility, adequate breathability, and sufficient mechanical durability for wearable applications. This multifunctional cooling textile platform establishes new possibilities for sustainable personal thermal regulation and energy-efficient outdoor thermal management systems.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Yulong Liu,Huanyan Xu,Zhen Chen,Bo Li,Qian Liu,Serguei V. Savilov,Minghua Chen
Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) have great potential as high-energy-density, high-power, and safe energy storage devices. Solid polymer electrolytes based on polyvinylidene fluoride-poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-(PVDF-HFP)) have attracted significant attention due to their high ionic conductivity at room temperature, good flexibility, and unique ion transport properties, making them promising candidates for commercial applications. However, PVDF-based composite solid polymer electrolytes (CSPEs) exhibit poor lithium-ion transport properties and are prone to chemical reactions with the lithium metal surface, posing the risk of forming lithium dendrites. This degradation results in reduced battery performance and cycle life. This work investigates the effects of Co-doped cubic-ZrO 2-x (C-ZrO 2-x ), a filler with abundant oxygen vacancies, on the electrochemical properties of PVDF-based CSPE. Zirconium in zirconia can provide Lewis acid sites, while oxygen vacancies can adsorb TFSI − and exhibit a pronounced ability to dissociate lithium salt and accumulate anchored anions. These effects are further amplified after phase transition, from unstable monoclinic phase with a small amount of oxygen vacancies to cubic phase with abundant oxygen vacancies, leading to a higher proportion of free Li + in PVDF-based CSPE. Additionally, the uniform distribution of solid electrolyte interphase with a single LiF component, indicates that C-ZrO 2-x increases the interface stability between electrolyte and lithium metal. The corresponding Li||Li symmetrical cells show a stable cycle lifetime of 730 h at 0.1 mA cm −2 . The specific discharge capacity of Li|CSPE|LiFePO 4 reaches 106.09 mAh g −1 at 1 C. Even after 550 cycles, the capacity retention rate is still 92.13 %. These findings ideally contribute to an effective way to achieve high performance and long cycle life of solid-state lithium metal batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源存储
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）