SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
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2017
·
IF 1.624
Jie Zheng,Yu-yan An,Xin-xin Feng,Liang-ju Wang
5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA), an eco-friendly plant growth regulator, has been increasingly applied to crop and fruit production. In the actual production, many fruits are often covered by plastic bags which will not be removed until the fruits are harvested. Therefore, although 5-ALA shows promotive effect on fruit quality, fruit spray cannot be implemented in the orchards using plastic bags. In this study, rhizospheric application of 5-ALA increased the endogenous 5-ALA content in the leaves and fruits, suggesting that 5-ALA is transported from roots to aboveground. Using a multiple plant efficiency analyzer (M-PEA), we also found that rhizospheric application of 5-ALA significantly improved PS II and PS I photosynthetic activities of apple leaves. It means that 5-ALA-treated apple trees might accumulate more assimilates for fruits to improve their quality. Meanwhile, rhizospheric application of 5-ALA obviously increased fruit weight, the content of flavonoids, total soluble solids and ascorbic acid, as well as activities of antioxidant enzymes. Most importantly, rhizospheric irrigation of 5-ALA also significantly improved fruit coloration. Using calli induced from the flesh of ‘Fuji’ fruits, we found that 5-ALA up-regulated the expressions of many genes involved in flavonoid anabolism. These results suggest that rhizospheric application of 5-ALA solution is effective to improve external and interior qualities of apple fruits although 5-ALA was not directly applied to fruit surface. Taken together, we conclude that rhizospheric application of 5-ALA can be transported to the leaves and fruits of apple trees, where it enhances leaf photosynthetic capacity and improves fruit coloration and interior qualities simultaneously. This finding provides an effective and handy method to improve apple quality in modern orchards.
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Frontiers in Nutrition
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Huiyu Yang,Xinrui Zhang,Yang Gao,Zhuang Peng,Bo Su,Kai Li,Cunlin Zhang
Introduction: Melatonin and 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), known for benefits in regulating sleep and combating depression, respectively, are incorporated into dietary supplements. Rapid and accurate identification of dietary supplement types and their contents remains a significant challenge in ensuring food safety.Methods: In this study, qualitative and quantitative analysis of melatonin and 5-HTP was performed using Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Purity and crystal structures of the samples were investigated using Raman spectroscopy and PXRD, establishing the foundation for terahertz (THz) simulations.Results and discussion: The Raman spectroscopy results demonstrate that the characteristic Raman peaks of melatonin and 5-HTP in the range from 170 cm−1 to 1700 cm−1 were observed at 1356 cm−1 and 1,304 cm−1, respectively. Results of THz revealed that melatonin and 5-HTP each have five THz characteristic peaks, which distinguish these substances. The peak of melatonin at 1.23 THz shows a good linear fit with the mass fraction, while 5-HTP has a similar relationship at 1.14 THz. Then, L-tryptophan, a common contaminant in the production of melatonin and 5-HTP, was successfully identified within the mixture. Finally, it is demonstrated that THz technology can effectively detect melatonin and 5-HTP in commercial dietary supplements. This study establishes a rapid, efficient, and non-destructive approach for the regulation and quantitative analysis of dietary supplements.
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ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
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2025
·
IF 2
Chunyun Gu,Jiayi An,Shuyu Liu,Feng Xiong,Wei Zhou,Liting Tian,Yuruo Wan,Qian Wu,Jie Ma
Oxidants used in the ISCO technology usually require activation by activators to degrade contaminants. However, this study investigated degradation of 15 typical halogenated hydrocarbons by five common ISCO oxidants (PS, PMS, H2O2, KMnO4, SPC) without activation in both pure water and real groundwater. Unactivated PS could degrade 14 halogenated hydrocarbons, excluding tetrachloromethane. Unactivated KMnO4 could degrade chlorinated alkenes. Unactivated SPC could degrade 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane by a base-promoted second-order elimination reaction. PMS, H2O2, and SPC could be activated by the natural matrix constituents in groundwater, enabling them to degrade some halogenated hydrocarbons. Among the 15 halogenated hydrocarbons studied, only tetrachloromethane cannot be degraded by any oxidant due to its carbon being in its highest oxidation state. The experimental data in the pure water indicate that the overall degradation rate of unactivated PS for chlorinated alkanes increased with increases in the number of chlorine substituents. The degradation rate of unactivated PS for halogenated hydrocarbons decreased with increases in the carbon chain length. Chlorinated alkenes are more easily degraded than chlorinated alkanes while chlorinated alkanes are more readily degraded than brominated alkanes. The degradation rate of unactivated KMnO4 for chlorinated alkenes decreased with increases in the number of chlorine substituents and decreased with increases in the carbon chain length. Overal, results of this study show that unactivated ISCO is a promising and environmentally friendly in-situ remediation technology that may be a good candidate for the remediation of contaminated sites by halogenated hydrocarbons.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
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2024
·Vol. 25
·期 18
·10188
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IF 4.9
Peng Zhao,Zifu Wang,Shimei Liao,Yangxin Liao,Shijun Hu,Jianchun Qin,Donghua Zhang,Xiaohui Yan
Salvia leucanthais a perennial herb of the genusSalviain the family Labiatae, which has a wide range of biological activities, mainly including inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activity. To explore the protective effects and mechanism of action ofS. leucanthaon Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the anti-AD activity of SLE (extracts ofS. leucantha) was determined by using a transgenicCaenorhabditis elegans(C. elegans) model (CL4176). Analyses included paralysis assay, phenotypic experiments, transcriptome sequencing, RNA interference (RNAi), heat shock assays, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). SLPE (S. leucanthapetroleum ether extract) could significantly delay CL4176 paralysis and extend the longevity ofC. elegansN2 without harmful effects. A total of 927 genes were significantly changed by SLPE treatment inC. elegans,mainly involving longevity regulatory pathways—nematodes, drug metabolism—cytochrome P450, and glutathione metabolic pathways. RNAi showed that SLPE exerted its anti-AD activity through up-regulation of the genegst-5; the most abundant compound in SLPE analyzed by GC-MS was 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP), and the compound delayed nematode paralysis. The present study suggests that active components inS. leucanthamay serve as new-type anti-AD candidates and provide some insights into their biological functions.
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Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
·
2017
·Vol. 12
·期 4
·527-535
·
IF 0.836
Guizhuan Xu,Binglin Chen,Zhangbin Zheng,Kai Li,Hongge Tao
5-Ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) and ethyl levulinate (EL) have been considered as the new promising biofuels. A comparative study was conducted for the direct conversion of carbohydrates into EMF and EL in different medium containing ethanol. The distribution and formation kinetics of EL, EMF, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and levulinic acid (LA) in pure ethanol and ethanol/organic solvent medium were compared, and the results showed that the addition of n-hexane can improve the accumulation of EMF. When the volume ratio of ethanol to n-hexane was 6:4, 66.29% of EMF yield can be obtained from fructose at 120°C and 180 min. The total yield of the EMF and EL can reach to 83.71%, increased by 5.73% compared with that in pure ethanol medium. Moreover, water addition can suppress the etherification of HMF to EMF and promote the rehydration of HMF to LA in the process. On the basis, a putative reaction pathway for the conversion of carbohydrates in ethanol/n-hexane medium was proposed. © 2017 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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BRAIN
·
2024
·
IF 10.6
Shi Hu-Jiang,Xue Yi-Ren,Shao Hua,Wei Cheng,Liu Ting,He Jie,Yang Yu-Hao,Wang Hong-Mei,Li Na,Ren Si-Qiang,Chang Lei,Wang Zhen,Zhu Li-Juan
The implication of 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor (5-HT2CR) in depression is a topic of debate, and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. We now elucidate hippocampal excitation-inhibition (E/I) balance underlies the regulatory effects of 5-HT2CR in depression.Molecular biological analyses showed that chronic mild stress (CMS) reduced the expression of 5-HT2CR in hippocampus. We revealed that inhibition of 5-HT2CR induced depressive-like behaviors, reduced GABA release and shifted the E/I balance towards excitation in CA3 pyramidal neurons by using behavioral analyses, microdialysis coupled with mass spectrum, and electrophysiological recording. Moreover, 5-HT2CR modulated neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-carboxy-terminal PDZ ligand of nNOS (CAPON) interaction through influencing intracellular Ca2+ release, as determined by fiber photometry and coimmunoprecipitation. Notably, disruption of nNOS-CAPON by specific small molecule compound ZLc-002 or AAV-CMV-CAPON-125C-GFP, abolished 5-HT2CR inhibition-induced depressive-like behaviors, as well as the impairment in soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex assembly-mediated GABA vesicle release and a consequent E/I imbalance. Importantly, optogenetic inhibition of CA3 GABAergic neurons prevented the effects of AAV-CMV-CAPON-125C-GFP on depressive behaviors in the presence of 5-HT2CR antagonist.Conclusively, our findings disclose the regulatory role of 5-HT2CR in depressive-like behaviors and highlight the hippocampal nNOS-CAPON coupling-triggered E/I imbalance as a pivotal cellular event underpinning the behavioral consequences of 5-HT2CR inhibition.
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JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
Tong Li,Hui Li,Jia Chen,Yongliang Yu,Shuai Chen,Jianhua Wang,Hongdeng Qiu
Chiral enantiomers, especially the enantiomers of chiral drugs often exhibit different pharmacological activity, metabolism and toxicity, thus it is of great research significance to scientifically and reasonably develop single chiral drugs with low toxicity and high efficiency. Among them, high performance liquid chromatographic techniques based on chiral stationary phases (CSPs) has become one of the most attractive methods used to evaluate the enantiomeric purity of single-enantiomers compound of pharmacological relevance. In this work, pillar[5]arene functionalized with L- and D-histidine, respectively, were modified on the surface of mesoporous silica as novel chiral stationary phases called L / D His-BP5-Sil. Notably, L / D -histidine had the characteristics of low steric hindrance and easy derivatization. Although the π-π interaction of imidazole group was weaker than that of benzene ring, the benzene ring bonding imidazole-conjugated ring in the structure produced better enantioseparation effect. The results showed that L / D His-BP5-Sil can separate a variety of complex structural enantiomers with excellent reproducibility, thermal stability and separation performance. Hence, the unique advantage of the highly selective separation of L / D His-BP5-Sil provides new insights into the enantioseparation field.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Yan Wang,Kangqi Cao,Wenlong Sun,Xiangxi Lin,Jianwei Wang,Jessica Villarreal,Longzhi Li
Microwave catalytic pyrolysis of lignin is one of emerging technologies for efficiently converting lignin into fuels and chemicals. Molecular sieves (HZSM-5) are widely used as carriers to load metallic components for biomass pyrolysis but often encounter challenges such as high diffusion resistance and insufficient acidity of acidic sites. Traditionally, HZSM-5 is directly modified to enhance the activity of the acidic sites, but this modification is ineffective in improving the metallic components’ activity. Instead, we made nitrogen doping on Fe and then supported on HZSM-5 to construct Fe-N 25 /HZSM-5 catalysts for microwave catalytic pyrolysis of lignin. The N-doped Fe has the effect of “killing two birds with one stone” on enhancing the catalytic activity. The characterization results indicated that N replaced C of the graphitic carbon network to form carbon nitride structure, and further combined with Fe to generate Fe-N bonds, improving the electronegativity of the metallic component. Besides, the loading of N-doped Fe increased the acidity of the catalyst. The utilization of 1.00Fe-N 25 /HZSM-5 obtained the greatest bio-gas yield (35.2 wt%), a hydrogen yield of 27.8 mL/min, bio-oil yield (36.4 wt%) and phenol selectivity of 46.2 %. The likely pathway of microwave catalytic pyrolysis on Fe-N 25 /HZSM-5 was proposed through DFT calculation, using guaiacol as a model compound. The results suggested that N-doped Fe on HZSM-5 8 T tended to break the side-chain methoxy during pyrolysis of guaiacol, with energy barrier of 0.14 eV. This paper provides a promising strategy for modification of microwave pyrolysis catalysts.
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2017
·
IF 6.035
Li Peng,Xiaohan Xu,Xun Yao,Hua Liu,Xuehong Gu
A series of novel hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite membranes with tunable mesopore sizes have been prepared successfully by using amphiphilic organosilane 3-[(trimethoxysilyl) propyl]octyldimethyl-ammonium chloride (TPOAC) as the mesogenous template and part of the Si source. The effects of several synthesis parameters, such as the TPOAC/SiO 2 ratio, synthesis temperature and crystallization time, on the microstructures and rejection performance of the hierarchical ZSM-5 zeolite membranes were systematically investigated. Multiple techniques, such as XRD , SEM, N 2 adsorption techniques, TEM, IR, 13 C MAS NMR and 29 Si MAS NMR were employed for the characterizations. The filtration of dextran in water shows that the membranes have molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) ranging from 9500 to 943,000, corresponding to the molecular size in the range of 4.5–37 nm. The sharp increase in the rejection of dextran with the increase of molecular weight indicated narrow pore size distribution of the membrane. These results show that the hierarchical mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite membranes have a great potential for ultrafiltration with high performance.
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PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2017
·
IF 0.655
Lanyu Xing,Zhenhao Wei,Zhenhao Wen,Xuedong Zhu
Hierarchical and conventional ZSM-5 zeolites were synthesized through steam-assisted crystallization approach using acid-treatment kaolin clay as the silica and aluminium sources. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, NH3-TPD, N2-physisorption and TG techniques. The results showed that hierarchical ZSM-5 had rich mesopores and bigger specific surface. In conversion of methanol to aromatics, hierarchical and conventional ZSM-5 zeolites showed higher selectivity for aromatics compared with commercial ZSM-5. Under the conditions of 450 °C, 0.15 MPa, the synthesized hierarchical ZSM-5 showed longest lifetime of 380 h, which was 2 and 6 times than those of conventional and commercial ZSM-5, respectively.
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Catalysts
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 2
·82
·
IF 3.465
Yadong Bi,Xiaojuan Lei,Guihua Xu,Hui Chen,Jianli Hu
The hierarchical HZSM-5 and Hβ zeolites were prepared by alkaline post-treatment methods adopting Na2CO3, TMAOH/NaOH mixture, and NaOH as desilication sources, respectively. More mesopores are produced over two kinds of zeolites, while the micropores portion is well preserved. The mesopores formed in hierarchical Hβ zeolites were directly related to the basicity of the alkaline solution, indicating that Hβ zeolite is more sensitive to the alkaline post-treatment. The hierarchical HZSM-5 and Hβ zeolites are more active than the parent one for catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of Kraft lignin. Hierarchical zeolites retained the function of acid catalysis, while additionally creating larger mesopores to ensure the entry of bulkier reactant molecules. The increase of the condensable volatiles yield can be attributed to the improvement of the mass transfer performance, which correlates well with the change of mesoporous surface area. In particular, the condensable volatiles yield for the optimized hierarchical Hβ reached approximately two times that of the parent Hβ zeolites. In contrast to the parent HZSM-5, the optimized hierarchical HZSM-5 zeolite significantly reduced the selectivity of oxygenates from 27.2% to 3.3%.Keywords:catalytic fast pyrolysis;Kraft lignin;hierarchical zeolites;HZSM-5;Hβ
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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2017
·
IF 2.084
Yisong Wang,Tao Du,Ziyang Qiu,Yanli Song,Shuai Che,Xin Fang
Mesoporous ZSM-5 zeolite as the adsorbent supporting material was synthesized from rice husk ash (RHA), and then impregnated with polyethylenimine (PEI) for amine functional modification. A series of adsorbents (ZSM-5-PEI-X) with different PEI loading ratios were characterized by XRD , FTIR , TGA/DTG, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, SEM and EDX techniques. The measurement of the adsorption capacity at different temperatures was indicated that ZSM-5-PEI-30 had the highest adsorption capacity at 120 °C (1.96 mmol/g). The experimental data were fitted by adsorption kinetic models and isotherm models, indicated that fractional-order model and the Dual-site langmuir model can be used to describe the adsorption mechanism and predict the adsorption performance. The high CO 2 adsorption selectivity and regeneration stability suggested that this adsorbent is a potential candidate in the adsorption and separation of CO 2 in industrial flue gas .
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