INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2021
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IF 6.953
Zhendong Ding,Mengmiao Mo,Kai Zhang,Yongguang Bi,Fansheng Kong
In this study, proanthocyanidin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (PC-CS-NPs) were produced using ionotropic gelation and characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The synthesized nanoparticles were smaller than 300 nm and had a spherical shape, smooth topography and homogenous morphology as observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In vitro release study showed that proanthocyanidins (PC) had a sustainable release from PC-CS-NPs in different buffer media. PC-CS-NPs had higher or comparable potency in scavenging DPPH and ABTS free radicals as compared to native drugs. Furthermore, PC-CS-NPs also inhibited the growth of four bacteria species, whose degree of inhibition depended on the bacterial strain . The results of SEM confirmed the changes in the microstructure of bacteria. Our findings support the use of chitosan nanoparticles to encapsulate PC and improve its bioactivity in food products.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2021
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IF 6.953
Xiaoxiao Wei,Yi Liu,Yadan Luo,Zheng Shen,Shuangfei Wang,Mingfu Li,Liming Zhang
In this study, three lignin fractions F1, F2, and F3 were obtained from eucalyptus kraft lignin (EKL) by solvent extraction with ethyl acetate, acetone, and acetone/water. The antioxidant activity of these lignin fractions were measured and evaluated by using the DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical cation scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power analysis. These lignin fractions were also characterized by applying Gel permeation chromatography , Fourier transform infrared, 31 P NMR and 2D HSQC NMR techniques. The three different lignin fractions had rather different average molecular sizes, as well as different phenolic and methoxy functional contents. The ethyl acetate fraction (F1) with the lowest average molecular weight (2342 g/mol) and the highest phenolic hydroxyl content (4.2457 mmol/g) and methoxy groups (6.2714 mmol/g) showed high homogeneity and the highest antioxidant activity. Its DPPH scavenging activity, ABTS + scavenging activity, and ferric reducing the antioxidant power were 68.67%, 75.57%, and 91.89 μmol/g, respectively. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of F1 and F2 was found to be higher than that of butylated hydroxytoluene. Therefore, solvent extraction was shown to be an effective way to separate lignin fractions with high homogeneity, high antioxidant activity, which could lead to application of lignin with higher value.
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Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
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2021
·Vol. 15
·期 5
·4623-4634
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IF 2.431
Zhou Jia-Min,Shi Mei-Jia,Wei Xiao-Yi,Zhou Tao
In order to improve the biological activities of polysaccharides from Enteromorpha prolifra (EP), the crude EP was degraded in the presence of pectinase and glucoamylase. The reaction conditions for the hydrolysis of EP were optimized as: hydrolysis temperature 45.2 °C, total enzyme concentration 48.5 U/mL, with an activity ratio of pectinase to glucoamylase 3.4:1, pH 4.5, degradation time 3 h. In vitro antioxidant activity of the enzymatic degraded polysaccharides from E. prolifra (EEP) obtained under the optimal conditions was significantly improved when compared to that of EP. The IC 50 values of EEP to scavenge DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals were found to be 3.31, 3.02 and 3.90 mg/mL, respectively, while those values for EP were 19.57, 5.96 and 5.51 mg/mL, respectively. At 5 mg/mL, the ferric iron reducing power of EEP was 1.41 times higher than that of EP; the ferrous chelating ability of EEP was 89.6%, being much than that of EP (54.9%). Furthermore, EEP was found to have stronger tyrosinase inhibitory effects than EP. At 3.0 mg/mL, the inhibition rates of EEP on monophenolase and diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase were measured as 32.7% and 39.1%, respectively, while those values for EP were 16.3% and 21.1%, respectively. The inhibition of EEP on diphenolase activity of mushroom tyrosinase was reversible and of competitive-uncompetitive mixed-type. EEP prepared in this study may find application in food industry and cosmetics.
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Frontiers in Microbiology
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2021
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IF 5.64
Wang Ting,Wang Zhe,Yang Zhipeng,Cui Xin,Yan Liang,Xu Zhenshang,Liu Xinli
In this work, we discovered a new fermentation broth that can prevent and regulate alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and intestinal flora, which fermented the mixture of Pueraria lobata, Lonicera japonica, and Crataegus pinnatifida by Lactobacillus rhamnosus 217-1. The contents of polyphenols, puerarin, total isoflavones, and amino acids were significantly increased. Animal experiments showed that the fermentation broth could improve the liver indexes of ALD mice model, increase the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione in liver tissue, and reduce the level of malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, the fermentation broth can reduce the levels of serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Importantly, intestinal flora analysis showed that the fermentation broth could increase the abundance of Lactobacillales and reduce the production of Gram-negative bacteria, thereby reducing the abnormal increase in bacterial diversity caused by alcohol. In conclusion, we may have discovered a new functional food raw material with great application potential. The above findings indicate that the fermentation broth can actively regulate the intestinal flora and improve liver inflammation. The underlying mechanism might be that the fermentation broth could enhance intestinal permeability and reduce the inflammatory signals and LPS transmitted through the gut-liver axis, thereby reducing the oxidative stress and inflammation of the liver caused by alcohol.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
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2021
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IF 5.268
Shaochun Su,Long Chen,Li Hao,Huayao Chen,Xinhua Zhou,Hongjun Zhou
Avermectin (AVM) is a biopesticide with low toxicity and high activity, but has limited use due to its poor water solubility and easy decomposition. A delivery system that can stabilize this biopesticide can play a significant role for improving its biological activity. Herein, water-dispersible functionalized polysuccinimide nanoparticles (PAD) were prepared by a ring-opening reaction and subsequently used to encapsulate AVM via self-assembly to form AVM@PAD nanoparticles with a loading ratio of 10.04 %. The half-life under UV radiation (300 W) of AVM@PAD was three times higher than that of free AVM, demonstrating the excellent protective ability of PAD. In addition, AVM@PAD nanoparticles could sustain the release of AVM for 70 h with a cumulative release rate of 70 %. AVM@PAD nanoparticles also showed a pH-responsive release, and their maximum cumulative release rate was at neutral pH. Moreover, the median lethal concentration ( LC 50 ) value of AVM@PAD with respect to Plutella xylostella was 34.50 mg/L, while that of free AVM was 56.05 mg/L. These results showed that the AVM@PAD nanoparticles can potentially and effectively promote drug stability and biological activity in agriculture.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2021
·
IF 6.953
Min Wu,Zhilong Zhou,Jian Yang,Meng Zhang,Feng Cai,Peng Lu
The growth and reproduction of microorganisms can cause food spoilage in the process of food transportation and storage. Active packaging is a good way to inhibit food spoilage and prolong the shelf lives of foods. In this study, O/W Pickering emulsion with ZnO nanoparticles as solid particles and oregano essential oil as the oil phase was prepared and used to functionalize cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) film, and excellent antimicrobial and antioxidant activity was obtained. When the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles was 1.5 wt% and the mass fraction of the oil phase was 20%, the Pickering emulsion with a particle size of 26.85 μm exhibited strong standing stability. The Pickering emulsion was blended with the film-forming matrix CNFs to prepare active packaging films by casting. The Pickering emulsion evenly dispersed in the film to form microcapsules which encapsulated oregano essential oil entirely. The antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes was 89.61%, the DPPH radical scavenging rate was 58.52%, while the barrier properties of the developed films against oxygen, water vapor and visible light were improved. The active CNFs film prepared by Pickering emulsion could inhibit the growth of microorganism and prolong the shelf lives of foods.
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EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
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2021
·Vol. 247
·期 10
·2591-2608
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IF 2.998
Wu Yi,Li LinZhu,Yuan WeiQiong,Hu JianZhong,Lv ZhaoLin
Tree peony essential oil (EO) is a critical material for flavor and function in the industrial fields of perfume, medicine and food. To conduct an overall analysis of different varieties of tree peony EOs, the composition, aroma characteristics and antioxidant activity of ZiBan and FengDan EOs were analyzed by two-dimensional gas chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF/MS) and the odor activity value (OAV). A total of 151 and 123 compounds were identified in ZiBan and FengDan EOs, respectively, in which ZiBan EO was characterized by alcohol, alkane and acid, and FengDan EO was represented by aldehyde, alcohol and terpene. Nevertheless, there were great differences in the content of coexisting substances in the two kinds of EOs. The aroma result indicated that the characteristic aroma and intensity of the two kinds of tree peony EOs were completely different; the aroma of ZiBan EO was mainly composed of fruity and floral aromas, whereas that of FengDan EO primarily consisted of fruity, fatty, grass and floral odors. The antioxidant activities of ZiBan EO was better than that of FengDan EO. The total antioxidant activities of ZiBan and FengDan EOs were found to be 0.020 mg Vc/mL EO and 0.003 mg Vc/mL EO, while the DPPH radical scavenging abilities of ZiBan and FengDan EOs were 24.77% and 21.60%, respectively.
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RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
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2021
·Vol. 47
·期 10
·4051-4066
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IF 2.914
Chen Rong,Yi Guohui,Wu Songshuai,Meng Chuangang
Well-dispersed Au–Pt alloyed bimetallic nanoparticles are synthesized using chlorogenic acid as the only reducing agent and stabilizer to reduce Au/Pt precursors successively has been presented here. The shapes of Au–Pt bimetallic nanoparticles are controlled by changing the sequence of successive reduction: the spherical shape in the sequence of Pt precursor reduced prior to Au precursor, and the flower shape by reversing the sequence. The sizes of Au–Pt bimetallic nanoparticles can be tuned by changing the molar ratios of the precursors to chlorogenic acid, and the average size of Au–Pt bimetallic nanoparticles decreased or increased with an increase in chlorogenic acid concentration in different sequence of successive reduction. Additionally, the high antioxidant activity of Au–Pt bimetallic nanoparticles was verified by in vitro radical scavenging assays. Our results show that chlorogenic acid is an excellent reducing and capping agent for the controlled synthesis and stabilization of Au–Pt bimetallic nanoparticles, which could be extended to reduce other metal precursors for synthesizing bimetallic and trimetallic nanoparticles. These shape-controlled and size-tunable Au–Pt bimetallic nanoparticles by chlorogenic acid will expand their biomedical applications in future. Graphic abstract
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2021
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IF 5.279
Ge Ge,Jie Zhao,Jiabao Zheng,Mouming Zhao,Weizheng Sun
This study aimed to investigate the effect of tea polyphenol extract (TPE) on the in vitro gastric digestion of soymilk. Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching was applied to measure pepsin diffusivity in soymilk. The characteristics of soymilk digesta were evaluated by gel electrophoresis, degree of hydrolysis (DH), molecular weight distribution, free amino acid analysis, particle size, antioxidant capacity, and trypsin/chymotrypsin inhibitor activity (TIA/CIA). The binding between soy proteins and tea polyphenols could significantly impair in vitro gastric digestion of soymilk by decreasing pepsin diffusivity from 91.3 to 70.3 μm2/s and DH from 17.13 to 13.93% with 1.2 mg/g TPE addition. Soymilk with 0.6 mg/g TPE addition exhibited low TIA/CIA and a strong antioxidant capacity in gastric digesta, which might be good for the following intestinal digestion. A better understanding of the effect of polyphenol on the digestion of protein-based food may be beneficial to innovation in food manufacturing.
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FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
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2021
·
IF 6.475
Zheng Hu,Hualin Wang,Linlin Li,Qian Wang,Suwei Jiang,Minmin Chen,Xingjiang Li,Jiang Shaotong
This study demonstrates a pH-responsive antibacterial film based on polyvinyl alcohol/poly (acrylic acid) incorporated with aminoethyl-phloretin (PVA/PAA-AEP) for intelligent food packaging. The thermal, mechanical, barrier and light transmittance properties of PVA/PAA are enhanced by PAA presence of ≤6%. The interactions between PVA and PAA were hydrogen and ester bonds. The pH-responsive characteristic is dependent on the protonation/deprotonation tendency of the carboxylic groups on PAA in acidic/alkaline environment. The PVA/PAA3 is selected for the incorporation of AEP and its pH-responsive swelling follows Ritger-Peppas and Schott second-order models. The AEP is hydrogen bonded with the matrix of PVA/PAA3 and the release of AEP is pH-responsive and a rate-limiting step following the First-order model. With pH decrease, the predominant release control was gradually changing from polymer relaxation to Fick diffusion. The PVA/PAA3-AEP films demonstrate AEP content dependent antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Furthermore, the antibacterial efficiency against Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus is significantly better than Escherichia coli . The target film PVA/PAA3-AEP3 can effectively prolong the shelf-life of pork (TVB-N < 25 mg/100 g) by 4 days at 25 °C, suggesting its great potential in intelligent food packaging.
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CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY
·
2021
·Vol. 18
·期 8
·e2100206
·
IF 2.408
Le Chen,Yin Liu,Xianju Huang,Yunyun Zhu,Jinxin Li,Yuhuan Miao,Hongzhi Du,Dahui Liu
Chrysanthemum Flos is the prestigious traditional Chinese medicinal material and the popular health drink. This article comprehensively evaluated the chemical constituents, antioxidant activity, and hepatoprotective effects of 25 common chrysanthemum varieties in China. Firstly, we analyzed the chemical compositions of water extracts of chrysanthemum using UPLC/Q-TOF-MS, and identified 29 chemical components. The results displayed that chrysanthemum was rich in chemical constituents, but there were significant differences in the contents of four phenolic acids and five flavonoids among different varieties, and the coefficient of variation (CVs) ranged from 35.96 % to 114.62 %. Then, the antioxidant activities of different chrysanthemums were investigated, respectively via 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays. The spectrum-effect relationships between nine main components and antioxidant activities were investigated to identify the antioxidant constitutes in chrysanthemums. Meanwhile, H 2 O 2 -induced hepatocyte injury testing showed wide variation in cultivar antioxidant capacity, with Tongchengju (TCJ) producing the best effect (90.32 %), followed by Chuju (CJ; 85.78 %). In addition, the hepatoprotective effects of 8 mainstream varieties were determined by the model of acute alcoholic liver injury. They protected liver from injury by affecting relevant liver function and antioxidant indexes. Huangshangongju (HSG) could decrease aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity by 39.27 % in liver tissue; Hangju-Fubaiju (HJ-FBJ), Jinsihuangju (JSH), and Chuju (CJ) significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of liver tissue, which reduced by more than 40 %; Jinsihuangju (JSH) of used for tea could double the content of glutathione (GSH) and had the similar effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) as the positive group, showing significant antioxidant capacity. Therefore, this study confirmed that chrysanthemums are potential resources as antioxidants, functional foods, and medicinal materials. Importantly, it may provide a scientific support for further development and utilization of chrysanthemum, and screen excellent varieties for different demands. Graphical
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ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.491
Anand Babu Perumal,Xiaoli Li,Zhenzhu Su,Yong He
Blast is one of the most devastating fungal diseases of rice caused by Magnaporthe oryzae . Plant essential oil (EO) can function as antifungal agents and are regarded as a safe and acceptable method for plant disease control. However, EOs are unstable and hydrophobic, which limits its use. In the present study, we aimed for the preparation and characterization of a nanoemulsion (NE) from green tea essential oil (GTO) by ultrasonication method and determined the antifungal activity of NE on M. oryzae . The particle size and zeta potential of the NE were 86.98 nm and −15.1 mV, respectively. The chemical composition and functional groups of GTO and NE were studied by using GC–MS analysis, portable Raman spectroscopy, and FTIR coupled with chemometric analysis. GC–MS analysis showed the major components in GTO and NE were n-Hexyl cinnamaldehyde and L-α-Terpineol. Both GTO and NE showed good antioxidant activity and total phenol content. Moreover, the NE showed good antifungal activity against M. oryzae which was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination. Also, confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy (CRM) revealed the antifungal mechanism of GTO and NE on M. oryzae which proves the cell damage. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the antifungal activity of GTO and NE against M. oryzae and also the use of CRM for the evaluation of the chemical changes in single fungal hyphae in a holistic approach . This study suggests that the prepared NE could be a potential candidate for use as a substitute for synthetic fungicides.
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