CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Tianwei Dong,Yilin Hao,Pengcheng Li,Xingyu Chen,Yichen Li,Dan Xu,Yujing Zhang,Chuyang Liu,Guangbin Ji
Ultrathin SnO 2 shell deposited on AgNWs via spray-dip process forms stable core-shell mitigating bare AgNWs instability. • Ag-SnO 2 heterojunction enhances interfacial polarization loss, balancing 88% transparency (550 nm) and 25.2 dB EMI shielding. • Composite maintains function after 1000 bends (5 mm radius) and low IR emissivity ∼0.2 for passive thermal management. The rapid development of flexible and transparent electronic devices, such as wearable devices and smart windows, requires thin films with high optical transmittance, effective EMI shielding, and low infrared emissivity. Although silver nanowires (AgNWs) possess excellent electrical conductivity and optical transparency, their practical application is limited by poor environmental stability, especially under oxidative and sulfidizing conditions. To overcome this limitation, a transparent and flexible AgNW@SnO 2 core-shell film is developed through a scalable solution-based spray-dip process. The key novelty lies in directly spraying AgNW networks onto PET substrates, followed by simple solution dipping to form a SnO 2 -derived protective shell, avoiding vacuum deposition, high-temperature treatment, and complex multistep processing. The SnO 2 shell protects AgNWs from environmental degradation and forms Ag-SnO 2 heterointerfaces, which enhance interfacial polarization and electromagnetic wave attenuation. Under optimized conditions, the film exhibits 88% transmittance at 550 nm, an EMI shielding effectiveness of 25.2 dB, low infrared emissivity of approximately 0.2, excellent stability under elevated temperatures and H 2 S exposure, and mechanical durability after more than 1000 bending cycles. This work integrates process simplicity, environmental durability, transparent EMI shielding, infrared stealth, and mechanical flexibility in the AgNW@SnO 2 film, offering a low-cost and industrially compatible route for scalable transparent EMI shielding materials. Download: Download high-res image (128KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Batteries & Supercaps
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2026
·Vol. 9
·期 8
·e70433
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IF 4.5
Keke Xie,Zhihui Zhang,Qian Chang,Changshui Huang,Feng He,Yuliang Li
The charge transfer at heterointerface can significantly influence the sodium-storage kinetics and durability of metal–oxide anodes for sodium ion battery. Here, this study reported the in situ fabrication of FGDY@SnO 2 nanotube arrays electrode directly on a copper foil current collector. The FGDY/SnO 2 heterointerface composed by fluorinated graphdiyne (FGDY) confined tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) nanotube arrays feature incomplete interfacial charge transfer, with electrons transferred from FGDY to SnO 2 , creating a locally modulated electronic environment that accelerates Na + transport and interfacial redox kinetics. Combined experimental and theoretical calculations have systematically revealed the synergistic advantages of the advanced FGDY@SnO 2 electrode in terms of improving electrochemical reaction kinetics, stabling solid–electrolyte interphase and electrode structure. Thus, the FGDY@SnO 2 anodes show high rate-performance and stability. At a high current density of 5 A g −1 , FGDY@SnO 2 can achieve a sodium storage capacity of 563.8 mAh g −1 . This work provides a material design paradigm for the fabrication of high-rate and long-cycle-life Sn-based anode toward advanced sodium-ion batteries. Graphical An innovative electrode with hybridized structure (FGDY@SnO 2 ), fabricated from tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) nanotube arrays with a fluorinated graphdiyne (FGDY) decorating layer, synergistically enhances sodium storage performance via structural design and interfacial engineering. The interfacial charge transfer promotes the kinetics of sodium ions and the advanced architecture endows remarkable longevity of sodium-ion batteries.
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NANO
·
2026
·
IF 1.3
Wenquan Hu,Qi Chen,Yifan Qin,Xixi Zhu,Tao Liu,Jiajie Jin,Ming Wang
Worsening water contamination by organic pollutants, such as industrial dyes, mineral processing reagents, and medical antibiotics, calls for the design of efficient and inexpensive remediation technologies. Herein, a new ternary nanocomposite photocatalyst SnO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 /Dt was prepared by a simple hydrothermal method and calcination, exploiting the strong photocatalytic activity of SnO 2 and g-C 3 N 4 , and the structural dispersion ability of diatomite (Dt) to construct a stable heterojunction system. Characterization results indicated that a large specific surface area, optimized pore structure, and abundant active sites were obtained, while agglomeration of nanoparticles was effectively suppressed. Under simulated visible-light irradiation, the ternary composite exhibited a broad photocatalytic activity with degradation percentages of Methyl Orange (MO), Sodium Ethyl Xanthate (SEX), and Tetracycline Hydrochloride (TCH) of 94.29%, 99.63%, and 93.31% in 60 minutes - significantly better than its single and binary counterparts. The degradation process followed pseudo-first-order kinetic behavior, with degradation rates improved by 3.5-4.1 times compared to the pristine materials. Recycling experiments also demonstrated that the SnO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 /Dt nanocomposite exhibit excellent reusability as photocatalysts and hold significant potential for application in the treatment of industrial wastewater containing organic pollutants.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 8.3
Bingxi Feng,Zizheng Wang,Yuan Yao,Yonghui Deng,Jing Wei
Noble metal nanosensitizers such as Pt and Pd are widely employed to enhance the H 2 sensing performance of semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors owing to their superior capability for H 2 adsorption and dissociation; however, they exhibit poor resistance to CO, a gas that commonly coexists with H 2 , leading to cross-response and false alarms in real-world application scenarios. In this work, we design a wireless gas sensor based on Au nanocluster-functionalized SnO 2 nanosheets. The sensor exhibits exceptional sensitivity (43.2 ppm -1 ), a low detection limit (100 ppb), rapid response time (11 s), excellent selectivity, and strong anti-interference capability against CO. Notably, owing to their ultra-small particle size and high catalytic activity, the Au nanocluster-functionalized SnO 2 nanosheets show a response 51.1 and 1.6 times higher than that of pristine SnO 2 and conventional Au nanoparticle-functionalized SnO 2 nanosheets. Moreover, when CO at a concentration 60 times higher than H 2 is introduced into the H 2 stream, the sensor response changes by only 7.8%. Furthermore, a handheld detector is developed for hydrogen leak detection and early warning. This work presents an alternative strategy for the fabrication of high-performance H 2 sensors with superior CO resistance by employing gold nanoclusters as a sensitizer in place of conventional Pd-based materials.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Mengru Liu,Zhenlong Zhang,Huafang Zhang,Yuefeng Liu,Huiping Gao,Yanli Mao
Interfacial quality at the SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL)/perovskite junction critically governs the electron collection and device performance in n-i-p type perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the defects within SnO2 and at the buried interface can impede electron extraction and promote charge recombination. Herein, cesium hexafluorophosphate (CsPF6) was introduced into the SnO2 precursor as an interfacial additive. Calculations and experimental measurements indicate that the F atoms of PF6- coordinate with undercoordinated Sn sites, whereas Cs participates in the formation of an FA-Cs alloyed layer at the buried perovskite surface. These interactions establish a molecular bridge across the SnO2/perovskite junction. The resulting bridge suppresses the interfacial defects, improves the energy-level alignment and physical contact, and regulates the perovskite crystallization. The devices incorporating CsPF6 deliver a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.25%. They also show enhanced stability. The unencapsulated devices retain 90.05% of their initial PCE after 1000 h of aging in ambient air. These findings demonstrate that molecular bridging is an effective route to simultaneously improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 3
·123137
·
IF 7.5
Fenhong Song,Ruibo Zhang,Qi Qi,Long Ma,Gang Wang,Wenguang Wang,Jing Fan
The narrow light-absorption range and fast charge carrier recombination in semiconductor photocatalysts remain major bottlenecks limiting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution efficiency. In this work, SnO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 ternary Type-II heterojunctions were rationally constructed via a hydrothermal-calcination two step strategy. Triethanolamine (TEOA) was employed as a sacrificial agent during the photocatalytic hydrogen production reaction. Different from traditional simple component mixing, SnO 2 is deliberately designed as an electron mediator to bridge g-C 3 N 4 and TiO 2 , forming a directional cascade charge transfer channel for efficient carrier separation. DFT theoretical simulations further verify that the introduction of TiO 2 optimizes the band structure, reduces the work function, and promotes interfacial electron transfer, thus significantly enhancing photocatalytic performance. The optimized 0.20SnO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 sample delivers a maximum H 2 evolution rate of 4.80 mmol/g/h, 2.38-fold higher than that of bare TiO 2 . Stability assessments confirmed the material's exceptional cycling durability, a characteristic primarily ascribed to the establishment of type II heterojunctions. This architectural configuration facilitates effective segregation and mobility of photoinduced charge carriers while simultaneously suppressing recombination of electron-hole pairs. The materials' superior photoelectrochemical characteristics further enhance their capacity for light-driven hydrogen generation through catalytic processes. These discoveries provide new perspectives and innovative approaches for engineering high-performance photocatalytic systems.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2026
·
IF 5.2
Yueyue Sun,Chaoqi Zhu,Chaofan Ma,Jiahong Tang,Dawen Zeng
SnO 2 hollow nanospheres sensor was synthesized for DMC detection. • The sensor shows ultra-high response (80.1) to 10 ppm DMC at 120 °C. • LIB leakage simulation tests confirmed the feasibility of real time leak monitoring. • Performance is enhanced by unique hollow morphology and surface oxygen vacancies. The leakage of the electrolyte solution (DMC) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is an early sign of thermal runaway. Therefore, early detection of this phenomenon is of vital importance for safety monitoring. In this work, hollow-structured SnO 2 nanospheres were synthesized via a facile hydrothermal method as a sensing material for DMC detection. The material was comprehensively characterized by XRD, FESEM, TEM, XPS, and BET analysis, confirming its unique hollow spherical morphology, high specific surface area, and abundant surface oxygen vacancies. Gas sensing evaluations demonstrated that the sensor based on this material exhibited outstanding performance at a relatively low optimal operating temperature of 120 °C, including a high response of 80.1 toward 10 ppm DMC, a fast response time of 16 s, excellent selectivity against common interfering gases, and remarkable long-term stability. The enhanced performance is attributed to the synergistic effects of the hollow structure and surface chemistry, which facilitate gas diffusion and surface reactions. This work provides a promising strategy for developing high-performance, low-cost metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors for early safety warning in LIB systems. Download: Download high-res image (157KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Gels
·
2026
·Vol. 12
·期 6
·476
·
IF 6.4
Xiaoli Wang,Xinyu Zhao
Conventional strategies for synthesizing porous structures generally depend on template-based methods, which involve not only excessive consumption of templating agents but also the use of hazardous chemicals, such as hydrofluoric acid or strong alkalis. Therefore, designing an effective and convenient strategy to fabricate porous SnO2is of significant practical relevance. Herein, we developed a top-down strategy to fabricate SnO2electrode via a thermal oxidation gas-release route, resulting in a bulk 3D hierarchical architecture with interconnected porous channels. Employing a bottom-up strategy, the gel precursors of these porous SnO2materials were synthesized on a large scale via a simple, surfactant- and template-free route, in accordance with green chemistry principles. The results show that the porous SnO2(300) electrode materials possess a high specific surface area and exhibit favorable electrochemical energy-storage performance, achieving a high specific capacitance of 267.31 F g−1at a current density of 1 A g−1. Furthermore, based on the gel electrolyte of PVA/KOH, an asymmetric supercapacitor device assembled using porous SnO2(300) materials as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode (denoted as P-SnO2//AC) achieves an energy density of 32.49 Wh kg−1at the power density of 718.97 W kg−1. This work presents a simple, cost-effective, environmentally friendly and scalable approach to synthesize SnO2materials with an advanced structural design.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Danhong Gao,Shasha Gao,Hanling Deng,Hongwei Liu,Dusong Hou,Qianyao Lu,Xinjian He,Sheng Huang
Modulating the surface electronic structure of metal oxides is crucial for enhancing their gas-sensing performance, with gradient energy level structures offering effective regulate. However, the mechanism underlying their impact on hydrogen sensing remains unclear. This study constructed mesoporous Pd-PdO/SnO 2 double-shelled microspheres with gradient energy levels via a soft-template method, precisely tuning the surface electronic structure of SnO 2 . The architecture integrates high surface area (30.9 m 2 /g), ordered mesopores (17.9 nm), and Schottky barrier modulation at PdO(5.04 eV)-SnO 2 (4.92 eV) interfaces, establishing unidirectional electron transfer pathways that amplify charge separation efficiency by 7.3×. The optimized 5 at.% Pd-PdO/SnO 2 sensor achieves high H 2 response (R a /R g = [email protected] ppm) at 162.5℃ with ultrafast kinetics (0.2 s response/4.8 s recovery), a three-order detection span (0.5–8000 ppm), and humidity tolerance (91 % accuracy@80 %RH via machine learning). Theory calculation reveals the gradient structure enhances H 2 adsorption energy (−0.76 eV vs. PdO/SnO 2 : −0.02 eV) and boosts interfacial charge transfer by 46× (0.276 e vs. 0.006 e), driven by synergistic mechanisms: (1) Sn 5 s/p-dominated conduction band electron enrichment (68 % DOS increase near Fermi level), and (2) Pd catalytic activation lowering H 2 dissociation barriers from 1.32 eV (SnO 2 ) to 0.85 eV. This electronic-structure engineering paradigm establishes a roadmap for intelligent gas sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器技术
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Zeyu Wang,Yaling Jia,Shangqing Zhao,Huiling Zheng,Antony Rajendran,Wen-Ying Li
SnO 2 -based materials are promising electrocatalysts for the conversion of CO 2 to formate however increasing their activity further is challenging due to the suboptimal CO 2 adsorption and activation capacity. The interfacial engineering has proven effective in modulating the electronic structure and adsorption behavior of electrocatalysts. Herein, a heterostructure Bi/SnO 2 was constructed for the CO 2 electroreduction to formate in which a formate Faraday efficiency of 94.9 % and single-pass carbon efficiency of 40.3 % were achieved at −1.0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in 1.0 M KOH. During a 30-hour stability test, the current density was nearly constant without a significant decrease while the formate Faraday efficiency was maintained around 90 %. This remarkable activity is attributed to the strong electronic interaction arising from p–p orbital coupling at the Bi/SnO 2 interface, according to the experimental and theoretical investigations. The computational insights suggest that the p–p orbital coupling promotes the electron transfer from Bi to SnO 2 and optimizes the adsorption strength of the intermediate (*OCHO) to enhance the catalytic activity. The formation of *OCHO during formate generation was confirmed by the i n situ attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy. This work might contribute key insights into the mechanisms underlying activity enhancement via strong electronic interaction between dual p- block metal catalysts.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
催化反应
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高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Yanhui Sun,Dongye Han,Shupeng Sun,Yuhua Dong,Xiaogan Li,Kehan Qian
The semiconductor-based sensing materials with hollow and heterojunction structures were demonstrated significant advantages in critical performance metrics including sensitivity, operating temperature, and response/recovery time. In this study, the urchin-like dual-shelled ZnO/SnO 2 hollow spheres were effectively fabricated using a two-step hydrothermal approach. Compared with pure ZnO, the prepared ZnO/SnO 2 material exhibits a larger specific surface area, and abundant interface contact sites, showing significant improvements in NO 2 gas detection. Through the formation of hollow ZnO/SnO 2 heterojunctions, the optimal operating temperature has been successfully decreased from 150℃ to 65℃. Additionally, the ZnO/SnO 2 sensor exhibits a response of 449.4–10 ppm NO 2 , which is 8.7 times that of the ZnO-based sensor. Moreover, this sensor demonstrates a fast response/recovery time (47/50 s) and long-term stability of 60 days. Selective tests confirmed the high specificity of the ZnO/SnO 2 sensor to NO 2 gas (S nitrogen dioxide /S ammonia = 345.7). Additionally, the adsorption behaviors of NO 2 on the ZnO/SnO 2 heterojunction and ZnO surface were analyzed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, providing theoretical insights for optimizing the performance of hollow core-shell structured sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器与检测技术
·
纳米技术
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气体传感
·
半导体材料
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高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Mathankumar Ganesan,M. Umar Farooq,Jin Li,M. Krishna Mohan,Fei Wang
The current investigation highlights the successful development of a highly selective and ultra-sensitive nitrogen dioxide sensor at room temperature (28 ℃), employing Gd-doped SnO 2 nanostructures. A facile hydrothermal route prepared the pure and Gd-doped SnO 2 nanostructures. The samples were analyzed using XRD, HR-TEM, XPS, and BET analysis to investigate their structural, core-level morphology, chemical composition, and specific surface area properties. The prepared sensors exhibited superior selectivity towards the NO 2 gas molecule compared to other target gases such as H 2 S, CH 4 , NH 3 , SO 2 , acetone, ethanol, and methanol. Remarkably, the Sn-2 (3 mM) sample shows a superior gas-sensing response of about 186 towards the 10 ppm of NO 2 gas molecule at 28 ℃. At 100 ℃, the Sn-2 (3 mM) sample displays a sensing response of about 3726 towards the 10 ppm of NO 2 gas. In addition, the prepared pure and Sn-2 (3 mM) sensors showed good repeatability and stability. The results will give an alternative way to develop the metal oxide-based (MOS) NO 2 gas sensor for real-time gas monitoring applications. Additionally, DFT gas adsorption studies were conducted to better understand the selectivity performance of the pure and Gd-SnO 2 system, and the results showed good consistency with the experimental findings.
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