Processes
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 10
·3355
·
IF 2.8
Yanting Zuo,Senqi Xu,Zheng Wang,Jinhu Zuo,Hui Fei,Haolin Liu,Chenglu Bi,Guofen Rui,Shi Cheng
Effect-based toxicity assessments are crucial for evaluating the risks of disinfection byproducts (DBPs), particularly unknown species, generated during drinking water chlorination. However, the accuracy of this approach is highly dependent on unbiased sample extraction. Conventional methods often employ single, low-pH extraction, which may fail to recover pH-sensitive amphoteric DBPs derived from amphoteric precursors (e.g., nitrogenous compounds). This study investigated how extraction pH affects the measured biotoxicity of DBPs formed from three model precursors: biopterin (Bip), cytosine (Cyt), and tryptophan (Trp). Under excess chlorine conditions, all three precursors degraded rapidly. The formation of aliphatic DBPs followed the order Trp > Cyt > Bip, and the maximum toxicity of the non-volatile extracts, assessed via aVibrio fischeribioassay, followed the reverse order: Bip > Trp > Cyt. This toxicity profile was significantly influenced by extraction pH, with maximum toxicity observed for Bip at around pH 4.0, under weakly acidic conditions for Trp, and under neutral to alkaline conditions for Cyt. For all precursors, the total organic carbon concentration remained constant throughout chlorination, indicating negligible mineralization and the predominant formation of non-aliphatic, likely heteroaromatic, products. These findings demonstrate that conventional extractions at a single low pH can lead to the incomplete recovery of toxic DBPs from amphoteric precursors. Therefore, pH-optimized extraction protocols are necessary for a more accurate risk assessment of chlorinated drinking water.
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LANGMUIR
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Li Wang,Yi Zeng,Ruiqi yin,Yi Zheng,Zhen Li,Lihua Zhou,Guilong Yan,Zhenyu Li,Jingyu Chen,Jingjuan Lai,Dong Li,Dong Xiang,Chunxia Zhao,Hui Li,Bo Yu,Xuezhong Zhang,Han Li,Xungai Wang,Yuanpeng Wu
Oil spill pollution poses a severe environmental threat, necessitating the development of efficient and sustainable remediation strategies. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of pH-responsive phase-selective organogelators (pRPSOGs) based on d-gluconic acetal derivatives with long-chain amine groups to selectively solidify oil in oil/water mixtures, facilitating its rapid removal and recovery. The gelation behavior, phase-selective capability, and pH-switchable properties of the synthesized pRPSOGs were systematically investigated by using inversion tests, rheological analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and small-angle X-ray scattering. Molecular simulations were further conducted to elucidate the self-assembly mechanism of the gelators. The optimized gelator, A12, exhibited excellent thermal stability and mechanical strength, ensuring structural integrity during oil spill recovery. Importantly, the pH-responsive property of A12 allowed for reversible solubility modulation, enabling efficient separation and recovery of both the gelator and oil phase without the need for energy-intensive distillation. This innovative strategy provided a reusable, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly approach for oil spill treatment, offering promising applications for large-scale environmental remediation.
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9
Yushuang Lin,Nan Li,Weihao Xue,Hong Chen,Zhiruo Zhang,Zhao Dai
Achieving precise pore size tuning in nanofiltration membranes for Mg 2+ /Li + separation remains challenging due to the similar hydrated radii of the ions and the lack of real-time monitoring for dynamic adjustments. In this study, we developed a novel pH-responsive color-changing nanofiltration membrane with tunable pore sizes, enabling real-time monitoring and enhanced separation efficiency. By incorporating γ-cyclodextrin during interfacial polymerization, we achieved angstrom-level pore size tuning and reduced pH sensitivity. The color response of the membrane enables dynamic adjustments to the feed solution pH, optimizing pore radii to ∼0.41 nm, leading to a separation factor of 35.5. Molecular dynamics simulations and weight cut-off experiments confirmed that γ-cyclodextrin enhanced pore uniformity, resulting in a denser, more efficient membrane. This innovative approach offers a flexible and precise solution for Mg 2+ /Li + separation, demonstrating high permeance (15.5 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 ) and potential for applications in seawater desalination, resource recovery, and industrial ion separation.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Zixin Zhu,Qingyun Xie,Yiwan Sun,Fan Yan,Xiao Kang,Przemysław Zalewski,Xue Gou
Automated identification of infection, and further provision of targeted therapeutic strategies are crucial for the precise and intelligent wound management. Herein, a Janus dressing capable of real-time pH monitoring, adjustable reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and electrical stimulation is developed for antibacterial and regenerative therapies. Specifically, the upper hydrophilic pH-monitoring layer (CP) is fabricated by grafting phenol red onto chitosan. The lower hydrophobic antibacterial and wound-promoting layer (PP/BFD) is obtained through in situ self-assembly of Fe 3+ -based metal–organic framework on the surface of piezoelectric barium titanate, which is loaded with dihydroartemisinin, and then coated onto a semi-cured polydimethylsiloxane surface. Furthermore, the dressing features a micro-array of holes, facilitating the spontaneous “pumping” of tissue fluid. Upon infection, an early warning is offered via colorimetric reactions, and electrically controlled drug release and “high ROS” are produced, resulting in an antibacterial efficacy rate of 99.7 %. Subsequently, wound healing is facilitated by “low ROS” and electrical stimulation. In vivo and in vitro experiments confirm the efficacy of the dressing in automated, intelligent wound monitoring and electrically controlled on-demand therapeutic function, benefiting bacterial eradication without antibiotics and promoting vascularization and tissue regeneration. The strategy holds promise as a diagnostic-therapeutic integrated dressing for high-performance wound treatment.
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Materials
·
2018
·Vol. 11
·期 9
·1725
·
IF 2.467
Xiaohong Liu,Ming Li,Xuemei Zheng,Elias Retulainen,Shiyu Fu
As a type of functional group, azo-derivatives are commonly used to synthesize responsive materials. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), prepared by acid hydrolysis of cotton, were dewatered and reacted with 2-bromoisobuturyl bromide to form a macro-initiator, which grafted 6-[4-(4-methoxyphenyl-azo) phenoxy] hexyl methacrylate (MMAZO) via atom transfer radical polymerization. The successful grafting was supported by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Solid magnetic resonance carbon spectrum (MAS13C-NMR). The morphology and surface composition of the poly{6-[4-(4-methoxyphenylazo) phenoxy] hexyl methacrylate} (PMMAZO)-grafted CNCs were confirmed with Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The grafting rate on the macro-initiator of CNCs was over 870%, and the polydispersities of branched polymers were narrow. The crystal structure of CNCs did not change after grafting, as determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The polymer PMMAZO improved the thermal stability of cellulose nanocrystals, as shown by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). Then the PMMAZO-grafted CNCs were mixed with polyurethane and casted to form a composite film. The film showed a significant light and pH response, which may be suitable for visual acid-alkali measurement and reversible optical storage.Keywords:cellulose nanocrystals;azo-derivatives;atom transfer radical polymerization;light- and pH-responsive
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Ruizhuo Ouyang,Weixian Xue,Penghui Cao,Zhengang Sun,Huihui Wang,Xiaoqing Zhang,Shuang Zhou,Yuqing Miao
Doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent, is severely limited by systemic toxicity. Conventional nanomaterials exhibit limited drug-carrying capacity and targeted delivery efficiency, while the biocompatibility of these materials remains a critical consideration. Here we report a novel type of superhydrophilic mesoporous nanomaterial, synthesized by combining bismuth and 2-methylimidazole (Bi-MEI), designed as a biocompatible and pH-sensitive drug carrier for the delivery of the anticancer drug DOX to combat tumor proliferation and metastasis. Superhydrophilic Bi-MEI pH-responsive nanoplatform (Bi-MEI PSNs) was prepared using bismuth-oxo clusters, 2-methylimidazole ligands, and electronegative citrate under high-temperature and hypoxic conditions. The resulting material demonstrated excellent blood compatibility and low cytotoxicity in vitro due to the superhydrophilicity. DOX was effectively loaded into Bi-MEI PSNs without further surface modification, which exhibited a pH-sensitive release profile. Additionally, the citrate incorporated into Bi-MEI PSNs significantly enhanced its drug-loading efficiency. In acidic environments, such as those found in cancer tissues or subcellular endosomes, Bi-MEI PSNs disintegrated, releasing the free drug, which significantly facilitated the intravenous delivery of DOX into cancer cells for chemotherapy and effectively minimized the side effects. Furthermore, the synthesized Bi-MEI PSNs exhibited strong performance in computed tomography (CT) imaging and was successfully applied for CT imaging-guided tumor treatment. In a nude mouse model of transplanted lung tumors, remarkable therapeutic effects were achieved as predicted. This stable and efficient nanoplatform offers a promising strategy for more effective tumor treatment and improved prognosis.
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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
·
2018
·
IF 3.466
Qinghui Wang,Xiaoyu Ding,Yuhui Wang,Qian Du,Tianguo Xu,Bin Du,Hanchun Yao
Tumor pH detection and pH value change monitoring have been of great interest in the field of nanomedicine . In this study, a pH-sensitive near-infrared fluorescence probe SiRB (Si-rhodamine and Boronic acid group) was synthesized by introducing a boronic acid group into the silicon rhodamine structure. ICG (Indocyanine green) as the fluorescence internal standard and SiRB were loaded into PLGA (poly lactic- co -glycolic acid) to form PLGA-SiRB-ICG nanoparticle . The experiments showed that the size of the nanoparticle was about 90 nm, which can reach tumor passively by enhancing permeability and retention effect. PLGA in the acidic environment will accelerate the release of cleavage, and the fluorescence ratio of the two probes can reflect the specific pH value in the tumor. The results indicated that the nanoparticle could quantitatively measure the pH value of the tumor site, which is expected to be used in tumor research and treatment.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Xiuhong Duan,Zimeng Wang,Handa Liu,Hua Ma,Xuepeng Zhang,Lihua Liu,Hongzhou Shang,Ning Qiao
A predrug delivery system combining tumor-targeting and pH-responsive features was synthesized using baicalin (BAI), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and folic acid (FA). BAI and PEG were linked via esterification to create pH-sensitive ester bonds ( COO ) that facilitate drug release in acidic environments, while FA was attached to PEG through substitution. This system, named FA-PEG-COO-BAI (FPB), encapsulated curcumin (CUR) to form drug-loaded micelles. The impact of drug-loading conditions, such as sonication duration and initial drug dosage, on CUR/FA-PEG-COO-BAI encapsulation efficiency and drug release was investigated. In vitro studies demonstrated a maximum encapsulation rate of (73.09 ± 3.31)% and a drug-loading rate of (11.90 ± 0.69)%. Drug release from CUR/FA-PEG-COO-BAI micelles accelerated as pH decreased, confirming pH-responsive behavior. Cellular uptake and antitumor assays suggested effective tumor targeting and inhibition of proliferation. Hemolysis and cell viability assays indicated low toxicity. These findings underscore the potential of CUR/FA-PEG-COO-BAI micelles for controlled drug release and targeted therapy.
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JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Dongxiang Li,Gaihuan Ren,Baokui Yuan,Zhenhua Cui,Yunhe Zhang,Shenpeng Hu,Wen Sun,Wenjing Yu,Weijie Zhang,Dongxu Lu,Jianxin He
Foodborne illnesses caused by pathogenic bacteria pose a significant threat to food safety and human health. In this study, a pH-responsive PLA/ZIF-8@CA packaging membrane developed by polylactic acid (PLA) nanofiber as a matrix, where ZIF-8 was loaded via in-situ growth. The membranes were then immersed in CA to produce PLA/ZIF-8@CA nanofiber membrane, effective encapsulation of CA to address issues of volatility of the CA. The deterioration of ZIF-8 in an acidic environment leads to the pH-responsive release of CA from the PLA/ZIF-8@CA nanofiber membrane. The XRD and FT-IR characterization confirmed the successful encapsulation of CA within ZIF-8 and its uniform loading onto the PLA nanofiber matrix. The PLA/ZIF-8@CA nanofiber membrane demonstrated exceptional flexibility, a noteworthy antioxidant activity (radical scavenging rate of 92.05 %), outstanding sustained release performance, and exceptional antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus (inhibition rates all exceeded 99 %). Furthermore, the PLA/ZIF-8@CA nanofiber membrane exhibited high biological safety, as evidenced by the 100 % survival rate of zebrafish after 15 days. The membrane also exhibited significant soil biodegradability, with complete degradation achieved after 150 days, resulting in a weight loss rate of 100 %. The pH-responsive PLA/ZIF-8@CA nanofiber membrane, which has been demonstrated to exhibit excellent performance, has been utilized as an active packaging in the preservation of broccoli, thereby effectively prolonging its shelf life from 5 to 9 days. The findings underline the potential of this pH-responsive membrane for utilization in active packaging systems for food preservation.
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IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS
·
2025
·Vol. 46
·期 5
·697-700
·
IF 4.5
Xianglong Wang,Peilong Xu,Wenxin Zhang,Jiaqi Xu,Kai Liu,Guangya Liu,Fengyun Wang
The development of physiology and neurological diseases is normally accompanied by the production of acidic changes, making it crucial to develop biosensing system to detect pH variations to prevent early organ lesions. Due to the electrical double layer at the electrolyte/nanowire interface, artificial synaptic transistors can sensitively detect the pH variations. However, few studies focus on monitoring pH variations of the body based on synaptic transistors. In this study, electrolyte-gated synaptic transistors were fabricated using zinc tin oxide (ZnSnO) nanowires as channel materials. The fabricated devices can successfully mimic the functionality of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) in biological synapses, including excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), paired-pulse facilitations (PPFs), and short-term potentiations (STPs) under acidic conditions. Furthermore, ${3}\times {3}$ ZnSnO synaptic transistor arrays were constructed to monitor acid stimulations of diverse intensities and different regions to mimic the tongue ability of human. This work can not only advance the understanding of ASIC functionality in artificial synaptic devices, but also provide a novel approach to develop bioinspired taste-sensing systems with integrated sensing and memory capabilities.
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COMPOSITES PART A-APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING
·
2025
·
IF 8.9
Aamna Qamar,Jian Liu,Yankun Gong,Ailing Li,Dong Qiu
Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a representative bioresorbable and biocompatible polyester, which has been used in many clinic applications, for examples, artificial bones and internal fixation screws; however, its inherent bio-inertness has limited the therapeutic outcomes. In this article, bioactive glasses (BGs) were incorporated into PLA via melt compounding to enhance its bioactivity. It was found that the high basicity of conventional BGs (45S5 as the representative) severely degraded PLA chains during thermal processing, causing obvious decrease in PLA composites mechanical properties. Instead, the pH-neutral BG, a phosphosilicate calcium glass (denoted as PSC, with the composition of 10.8 %P 2 O 5 -54.2 %SiO 2 -35.0 %CaO, mol%), showed no deterioration of PLA chains, in terms of molecular weight, etc., therefore retained the good mechanical property of PLA composites. The 10 % mPSC/PLA showed improved mechanical performance, with tensile strengths of 52.2 ± 2.8 MPa, compared to 44.2 ± 2.8 MPa of pure PLA. Furthermore, the composites exhibited enhanced bioactivity and biocompatibility, e.g., 10 % mPSC/PLA showed nearly 6 times improvement in cell adhesion (based on the cell spreading area) than pure PLA. This study highlights the importance of acid-base property on the compatibility between polyesters and inorganic fillers, and has identified PSC as a promising bioactive filler to develop better polyester-based biomedical materials.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Benyu Sun,Ying Guan,Yongjun Zhang
A strategy in which shape-memorable imprint cavities are constructed using peptide crosslinker (PC) was recently developed and the two major challenges for protein-imprinted polymers, i.e, difficult template removal and low imprinting efficiency, were successfully overcome.. Unfortunately, these polymers fail to bind the target protein at physiological pH, which severely limits their applications. Herein a novel PC based on the copolymer of γ-(2-(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl L-glutamate (EG 3 Glu) and L-boronophenylalanine (BPA) was designed and synthesized. The PC adopts an α-helical conformation at physiological pH but converts to extended coil conformation at high pH values. Using it as crosslinker, BSA-imprinted polymer was synthesized. Because of the reversible and precise pH-induced helix-coil transition of the peptide segments, the template can be removed facilely by elution with pH 11.5 solution. Meanwhile high affinity towards the template protein BSA is achieved at physiological pH. Both imprinting factor (6.28) and adsorption capacity (965.57 mg/g) is significantly higher than the polymer crosslinked with the common crosslinker N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS). The polymer also demonstrates high selectivity towards BSA and excellent reusability.It was successfully used to remove BSA from mixed solution of BSA and lysozyme at physiological pH. Not only BSA was removed selectively and efficiently, but the bioactivity of lysozyme was not affected, because BSA removal was performed under very mild conditions, i.e., at physiological pH and room temperature.
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