APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Hao Pu,Weiqing He,Chun Yan,Yingdan Zhu,Lingyu Yue,Haibing Xu,Gang Chen,Xiaochen Yu
The interfacial bonding performance between carbon fibers and the resin matrix is a critical factor limiting the performance optimization of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites. This work utilizes Fe 3+ as the iron source and fumaric acid as the organic ligand to construct the precursor of iron-based metal–organic framework (MIL-88-A) through in situ growth on carbon fiber surfaces. Subsequently, the grafting of magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles onto carbon fiber surfaces was accomplished via a pyrolytic treatment. These modified carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites were then fabricated using vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARI). The results indicate that the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticle-modified CF/EP composites reached 106.4 MPa and 68.8 MPa, respectively, representing significant improvements of 63.7% and 48.9% compared to those of the desized carbon fiber composites. This enhancement can be attributed to the fact that the magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles not only improved the wettability between the carbon fiber surface and the epoxy resin but also increased the surface roughness of the fibers, thereby enhancing mechanical interlocking and stress transfer efficiency in the interfacial region. Meanwhile, owing to the presence of magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, the CF/EP composites exhibit outstanding electromagnetic shielding performance with an average shielding effectiveness of 47.1 dB in the X-band. This study offers new design insights for improving the interfacial properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites and expanding their multifunctional applications.
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高影响因子
Gels
·
2026
·Vol. 12
·期 7
·594
·
IF 6.4
Xiaoxu Wu,Zhiyu Huo,Miao Liu,Qiao Wang,Yang Wang,Zhi Li
Hydrophobic silica aerogels are widely used as thermal-insulation materials, but the thermal decomposition of their organic surface groups may affect their stability and safety during high-temperature service. In this study, ambient-pressure-dried silica aerogels modified with trimethylsilyl, dimethylsilyl, and methylsilyl groups were prepared and denoted as TSA, DSA, and MSA, respectively, to clarify how the degree of methyl substitution in the surface modifier controls the pyrolysis behavior of hydrophobic silica aerogels. Thermogravimetric analysis at different heating rates was combined with TG-FTIR, a model-free kinetic analysis, a model-fitting analysis and thermodynamic calculation. With decreasing methyl substitution from TSA to MSA, the aerogel framework became denser, the specific surface area decreased, and the contribution of solid-phase heat transfer increased slightly. The main pyrolysis process occurred at 250–800 °C and involved multiple overlapping reactions. The average activation energies of TSA, DSA, and MSA were 241.4, 246.6, and 285.5 kJ/mol according to the Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS) method and 243.0, 248.2, and 289.0 kJ/mol according to the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) method, respectively. The higher activation energy of MSA indicates that the more condensed silica-rich framework and lower organic methyl content improves its resistance to the main degradation process. The model-fitting analysis further suggested an A1/2 mechanism for TSA and A2/5 mechanisms for DSA and MSA. TG-FTIR further confirmed the evolution of CO2, H2O, CH4, and C2H4and revealed distinct gas-release behaviors among the three samples. These results demonstrate that the surface methyl-substitution structure governs the balance between hydrophobic modification, pore-structure preservation, pyrolysis resistance, and volatile-product release, providing a basis for selecting surface modifiers for thermally stable silica-aerogel insulation materials under oxygen-limited high-temperature conditions.
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高影响因子
Nanoscale
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Dan Zhang,Lu Zhang,Xiaodong Ma,Zhiyuan Chen,Tinggang Ma,Ye Wang,Wenxiang Tang
Carbon nitride (CN), a promising polymeric semiconductor and photocatalyst, exhibits photocatalytic activity that is notably influenced by the synthesis temperature. In this work, a series of I, K co-doped carbon nitrides (KICNT) were fabricated under various pyrolysis temperature (450, 500, 550, 600 and 650 °C) conditions and an N2 atmosphere, which were then subsequently applied to catalytic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and tetracycline (TC) degradation. Both oxygen adsorption capacity and photocatalytic activity exhibited an initial increase followed by a decline with rising pyrolysis temperature. The KICN600 sample simultaneously exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity for both H2O2 production and photodegradation capability for TC. KICN600 achieved a H2O2 yield of 4382.1 μmol L−1 via a two-step oxygen reduction process in air after 2 h and 11 013.8 μmol L−1 under an oxygen atmosphere and visible light irradiation. Furthermore, the TC degradation over this state-of-the-art KICN600 photocatalyst can reach 83.9% within only 2 h under ambient air conditions. The characterizations results showed that the exceptional photocatalytic activity of KICN600 can be attributed to the high concentration of K-bridged channels and abundant carbon vacancies. These structural features collectively enhance the oxygen reduction capability and charge carrier separation efficiency.
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高影响因子
COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2026
·
IF 5.9
Jie Yang,Jinghua Wu,Pavel Krivosheyev,Cheng Wang,Jiankun Shao
Ignition delay times and pyrolysis CO/CH 4 time histories were measured for ethyl acetate (EA), acetone (AC), ethanol (ET), and their blends in a shock tube using laser absorption diagnostics. • During pyrolysis, blending suppresses CO formation and promotes CH 4 formation compared with the linear additivity of the neat fuels. • During oxidation, blending produces pronounced non-linear effects on ignition delay times, with the ternary blend exhibiting ignition behavior close to neat EA. • A detailed kinetic model for EA/AC/ET blends was developed, and the non-linear blending effects were investigated through reaction pathway and sensitivity analyses. Ethyl acetate (EA), acetone (AC), and ethanol (ET) are common organic solvents used in industrial production and explosives recovery, and are also used as oxygenated fuels. These volatile substances pose explosion hazards, but kinetic studies of their blends remain limited. In this work, ignition delay times (IDTs) were measured for neat AC, neat ET, and EA/AC/ET binary and ternary blends in a shock tube at atmospheric pressure over 1186–1452 K under stoichiometric conditions. CO and CH 4 time histories were also obtained during pyrolysis over 1435–1827 K using laser absorption diagnostics at 4854 and 3175 nm, respectively. Previously reported neat EA data were used as reference cases for identifying blending effects. The EA/AC blend exhibited IDTs intermediate between those of the two neat fuels, whereas the EA/ET and AC/ET blends showed shorter IDTs than their less reactive neat-fuel components. The ternary blend exhibited IDTs close to those of neat EA. Compared with linear additivity, the ternary blend exhibited the largest decrease in CO and increase in CH 4 , while the binary blends showed smaller deviations. A detailed kinetic model (639 species, 3403 reactions) was developed by refining the ET and AC sub-mechanisms within a validated EA framework. Rate constants for six key elementary reactions were updated based on literature data and direct shock tube measurements of the primary AC decomposition reaction. The model was validated against present measurements and literature data. Reaction pathway and sensitivity analyses indicate that, during pyrolysis, the enhanced CH 3 pool promotes H-abstraction from fuels and intermediates, shifting the reaction flux toward CH 4 formation while suppressing CO formation. During oxidation, the non-linear IDT behavior results from a partial offset between enhanced radical consumption and OH regeneration, which keeps the ternary blend IDTs close to those of neat EA. These results improve the kinetic understanding of complex oxygenated blends, guiding explosion hazard assessment.
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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2022
·
IF 6.437
Yang Li,Bin Hu,Hao Fu,Zhen-xi Zhang,Zi-teng Guo,Guan-zheng Zhou,Ling-jun Zhu,Ji Liu,Qiang Lu
4-Vinylphenol (4-VP) is a value-added phenol compound, which can be obtained from the pyrolysis of herbaceous biomass, and its yield can be further improved through the in-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis process. Herein, a barium-magnesium mixed metal oxide (BaMg-MMO) catalyst was developed and employed for the selective production of 4-VP from bagasse fast pyrolysis. The effects of Ba/Mg molar ratio in the BaMg-MMO catalyst, pyrolytic temperature, catalyst-to-bagasse (CA-to-BA) ratio were carefully investigated based on pyrolysis-chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) tests. The 4-VP yield reached a maximal of 7.3 wt% with the corresponding selectivity of 44.4% at 300 °C under the Ba/Mg molar ratio of 1:1 and the CA-to-BA ratio of 4:1, compared with that of 5.0 wt% in the non-catalytic process. Moreover, a series of lab-scale fast pyrolysis tests of bagasse were carried out in a fixed bed reactor using BaMg-MMO with a Ba/Mg molar ratio of 1:1. The highest 4-VP yield and selectivity were 7.1 wt% and 56.6% at 300 °C with the CA-to-BA ratio of 1:1. The results indicated that BaMg-MMO could provide a promising catalytic performance on the formation of 4-VP during the fast pyrolysis of bagasse.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
·
催化科学
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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2020
·
IF 3.905
Chaoyue Shen,Xiying Jia,Yifei Chen,Licong Lu,Fangqi Wang,Yi Wei,Fengwen Yu
Molten carbonate pyrolysis is proposed to convert digestate (DE) into biobased monophenols coupled with a metal-modified HZSM-5 catalyst. The results indicated that Fe/HZSM-5 was the most suitable catalyst for this process. The optimum reaction conditions for the process were WHSV = 15 h −1 at a pyrolysis temperature of 430 °C and a catalytic cracking temperature of 475 °C, and 79.22 % of monophenol components were achieved in the bio-oil. A kinetic study on the digestate with carbonates indicated that the alkali metal ion in the molten carbonates attached to the β-O-4 bonds and branch methoxy group of lignin, which promoted the removal of these functional groups, resulting in a reduction in the activation energy during monophenol generation. The Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst reinforced the generation of monophenol compounds in both concentration and yield. Compared with molten carbonate pyrolysis, the Fe on the catalyst not only benefited the breaking of β-O-4 bonds and methoxy groups of lignin but also lowered the temperature during molten carbonate pyrolysis to minimize the secondary cracking of phenolic compounds.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
催化反应工程
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ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
·
2020
·
IF 8.208
Qiuhao Wu,Yunpu Wang,Yujie Peng,Linyao Ke,Qi Yang,Lin Jiang,Leilei Dai,Yuhuan Liu,Roger Ruan,Donghua Xia,Li Jiang
Microwave-assisted pyrolysis of waste cooking oil is an environmentally friendly and economical method for obtaining benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) which are important industrial chemicals. This study provides new routes to produce of BTEX and the utilization of waste cooking oil. The effect of catalytic temperatures (350 °C, 400 °C, 450 °C, 500 °C, and 550 °C), types of metal oxide (CoO, NiO, ZrO 2 , SrO, CeO 2 , and CaO), catalytic modes (ex-situ mixed catalysis, ex-situ separate catalysis, and in-situ separate catalysis), and ratio of HZSM-5 to metal oxide (HZSM-5 only, 4:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and CaO only) were studied. Results showed high catalytic temperature promoted the formation of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at the cost of a decrease in bio-oil yield. But the concentration of BTEXS (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and styrene) only increased from 256.58 mg/ml to 259.55 mg/ml with a temperature increase from 500 °C to 550 °C. Alkaline earth metal oxides (CaO, SrO) showed a significant deoxygenation capability during co-catalysis with HZSM-5. However, when CaO was applied under ex-situ mixed catalysis, the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was up to 35.47%, which was much higher than 9.18% under HZSM-5 only. Also, the concentration of BTEXS decreased from 256.58 mg/ml (HZSM-5 only) to 167.54 mg/ml (HZSM-5 mixed with CaO). Further investigation of catalytic mode showed that ex-situ separate catalysis was more suitable for co-catalysis of alkaline earth metal oxides and HZSM-5. The concentration of BTEXS were both significantly higher than that of HZSM-5 only, which increased by 121.81 mg/ml for CaO and 108.52 mg/ml for SrO under ex-situ separate catalysis. Further study showed that the highest concentration of BTEXS was 702.20 mg/ml obtained when the ratio of HZSM-5 to CaO was 2:1. It was almost 2.8 times higher than HZSM-5 alone and 42.2 times higher than non-catalytic results.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
催化化学
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JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
·
2023
·
IF 4
Dazhi Zhang,Yixin Zhang,Honglai Liu,Yunhui Xu,Jianjun Wu,Peipei Li
Activated carbon (AC) obtained by the pyrolysis of reed residue waste has been investigated for its potential application as a high-performance electrode material in supercapacitors . Four different pyrolysis temperatures (500, 600, 700, and 800 °C) were implemented, and the optimum pyrolysis temperature was determined on the basis of the physicochemical properties and electrochemical measurements of the AC materials. AC obtained at a relatively low pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C (denoted as C/600 °C) presented a Hemistepta lyrata (bunge flower)-like porous nanostructure with a high specific surface area of 2074.72 m 2 g −1 and a large pore volume of 0.930 cm 3 g −1 . SEM and Raman spectroscopy have been used to inspect the surface morphology and assess the degree of graphitization of the AC materials. Electrochemical performances have been assessed by cyclic voltammetry , galvanostatic charge/discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy . Sample C/600 °C displayed a relatively large capacitance of 228 F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 in 6 m KOH as the electrolyte, and it retained very good cyclic stability with a capacitance retention of 98.1% after 8000 cycles at a current density of 5.0 A g −1 . The results imply that C/600 °C derived from reed residue waste constitutes a promising electrochemical supercapacitor electrode material.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Rui Hao,Jingjing Chen,Jing Hu,Shuai Gu,Qingmeng Gan,Yingzhi Li,Zhiqiang Wang,Wen Luo,Huimin Yuan,Guiyu Liu,Chunliu Yan,Junjun Zhang,Kaiyu Liu,Chen Liu,Zhouguang Lu
Metal macrocycles with well-defined molecular structures are ideal platforms for the in-depth study of electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Structural integrity of metal macrocycles is vital but remain challenging since the commonly used high-temperature pyrolysis would cause severe structure damage and unidentifiable active sites. Herein, we propose a pyrolysis-free strategy to precisely manipulate the exfoliated 2D iron polyphthalocyanine (FePPc) anchored on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) via π–π stacking using facile high-energy ball milling. A delocalized electron shift caused by π–π interaction is firstly found to be the mechanism of facilitating the remarkable ORR activity of this hybrid catalyst. The optimal FePPc@rGO-HE achieves superior half-wave potential (0.90 V) than 20 % Pt/C. This study offers a new insight in designing stable and high-performance metal macrocycle catalysts with well-defined active sites.
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JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2023
·
IF 6
Jun Wang,Zhixuan Wang,Junyi Liu,Le Wang,Wei Cai,Quanwei Li,Renming Pan,Xia Zhou
The pyrolysis process of the condensed aerosol extinguishing agent forming compound (AEFC) is the key to improve its fire extinguishing efficiency. Therefore, a typical AEFC (homogenized K-aerosol) composed of potassium nitrate (KNO 3 ), melamine and phenolic resin (mass ratio 7:2:1) was prepared by freeze-drying method. The pyrolysis process of homogenized K-aerosol is divided into three stages (stage 1 α:0–0.33; stage 2 α: 0.33–0.42; stage 3 α:0.42–1.00). The average activation energy ( E ) of stage 1–3 and the total pyrolysis process of homogenized K-aerosol are 123.94 kJ/mol, 97.344 kJ/mol, 149.194 kJ/mol and 135.01 kJ/mol, respectively. The stage 1 of homogenized K-aerosol is a one-step endothermic pyrolysis reaction of melamine with an average E, an average prefactor A and a reaction model of 123.94 KJ/mol, 6.21E10 min −1 and g ( α ) = ( 1 − α ) − 2 − 1 , respectively. And the pyrolysis in stage 2 and stage 3 of homogenized K-aerosol are of multi-step reactions. The TG-MS results show that the stage 2 is mainly the exothermic decomposition reactions of phenolic resin. And KNO 3 in homogenized K-aerosol degrades in advance in stage 2. The stage 3 is mainly the thermal decomposition of KNO 3 in homogenized K-aerosol. Therefore, the three components of homogenized K-aerosol interact with each other during its pyrolysis process. Firstly, melamine is pyrolyzed in advance and its pyrolysis is the main gas production process. Then, phenolic resin undergoes exothermic decomposition reactions, releasing reducing substances and catalyzing the pyrolysis of KNO 3 in homogenized K-aerosol. Finally, a large amount of KNO 3 is decomposed into K/KO free radicals which play a fire extinguishing role.
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高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.7
Xiaohua Li,Jiayuan Sun,Shanshan Shao,Jinlong Yan,Yixi Cai
In this study, HZSM-5 was modified by green templates (cellulose, starch and glucose), the mesoporous structure was successfully introduced, and the prepared composite catalyst was used for the catalytic pyrolysis of biomass to prepare aromatics hydrocarbon. It was revealed that the additionally introduced mesopore pore size was closely related to the size of the template molecule. The formation of pore structures with larger pore sizes on the catalyst was facilitated by larger polysaccharide templates (starch and cellulose). The increase in mesopore pore size was promoted by the cellulose and starch templates, while the increase in the number of mesopores was promoted by the glucose template. The pore size of the catalyst has a great influence on selectivity of BTX. Selectivity of BTX with larger carbon numbers (xylene, trimethylbenzene) was improved by the mesoporous structure with larger pore size. Excellent catalytic performance is also shown on template modified catalysts. The maximum yield of BTX was 10.18 wt%, which was about 1.1times higher than HZSM-5. In addition, the decomposition of macromolecular substances in the pyrolysis gas was promoted by the mesoporous structure of the template-modified catalyst, and the formation of coke on the catalyst was prevented.
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高影响因子
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Peiru Luo,Mengke Bai,Qingyun He,Zifang Peng,Lingyun Wang,Chuan Dong,Zenghua Qi,Wenfen Zhang,Yanhao Zhang,Zongwei Cai
The broad application of plastic products has resulted in a considerable release of microplastics (MPs) into the ecosystem. While MPs in other environmental matrices (e.g., soil and water) have been studied for a long time, the atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-bound MPs are rarely investigated due to the lack of an appropriate analytical approach. The prevalently used visual and spectroscopic means (e.g., optical microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy) suffer from obvious drawbacks that cannot precisely detect MPs of tiny sizes and provide quantitative information. In the present study, a novel strategy that does not require sample pretreatment was developed to first effectuate accurate quantification of polyethylene MP (PE-MP) in PM2.5 based on pyrolysis-gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC-MS/MS). It featured acceptable recoveries (97%–110%), high sensitivity (LOD = 1 pg), and qualified precisions (RSD of 3%–13%). Employing this approach, for the first time, exact atmospheric concentrations of PE-MPs in PM2.5 from megacities in North (Zhengzhou and Taiyuan) and South (Guangzhou) China were obtained, and relatively serious pollution was found in Taiyuan. The 100% sample detection rates also suggested the widespread occurrence and possible human exposure risks of PM2.5-bound PE-MPs. In brief, the new strategy could conduct direct, sensitive, and accurate quantification of PE-MP in PM2.5, favoring further studies of environmental fates, distributions, and toxicities of atmospheric MPs.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）