Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation
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2026
·Vol. 21
·期 4
·340
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IF 2.6
Hou Bo,Ma Dewei,Yang Keke,Peng Mingwei,Liu Qinglong,Heng Ziwen,Chen Siyuan,Liu Wei
Purpose Retinol (RET) and niacinamide (NA) are widely used in anti-aging and skin-brightening skincare products. However, RET is unstable under light and oxygen, while NA exhibits poor skin permeation. This study aimed to develop a liposomal co-delivery system (RN-Lip) to overcome these limitations and enhance the synergistic efficacy of the two compounds. Method RN-Lip was prepared by lipid film hydration, followed by extrusion to decrease particle size. The liposomal formulation was optimized, and its stability was evaluated under various conditions. Additionally, in vitro transdermal delivery, cellular uptake, cytotoxicity, and cellular efficacy evaluations were performed. Results The optimized RN-Lip exhibited a particle size of 147.03 ± 3.76 nm. The encapsulation efficiencies (EE) for NA and RET were 19.47% and 41.67%, respectively. Liposomal encapsulation improved the stability of RET, with a 7-fold higher retention rate than free RET after 30 days of storage at room temperature (under light protection). Compared to free NA and RET, liposomal encapsulation increased the skin retention of NA and RET by 3.8-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively, and further enhanced cellular uptake. Furthermore, RN-Lip reduced melanin content and tyrosinase activity in B16F10 cells compared to the free combination of RET and NA, promoted collagen I synthesis in BJ cells, and protected HaCaT cells against H₂O₂-induced oxidative damage. Conclusion RN-Lip successfully co-delivered RET and NA, overcoming their individual limitations and boosting their skincare functionalities. Thus, this system holds significant potential for advanced anti-aging and skin-brightening applications.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Li Xiao,Lin Lizhou,Zhu Mingrui,Li Xiaolong,Yu Jifeng,Lu Dan,Li Shaoyue,Shen Yuting,Xiong Bing,Zhao Chongke,Zhou Boyang,Yin Haohao,Xu Huixiong,Guan Xin
Nociceptive hypersensitivity and prolonged wound healing due to the interaction of peripheral neuropathy and local immune disorders are key issues that need to be addressed in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) regenerative repair. Here, we present a low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU)-activated piezoelectric gel bandage for DFU wound repair and neuropathic pain relief. Acting as an artificial “skin”, this self-powered, functionalized bandage not only temporarily shields tissue from external environment, but also serves as a drug reservoir that can in situ release nitric oxide upon LIFU to promote macrophage polarization, generate piezoelectric current to desensitize TRPV1 nociceptor for on demand neuropathic pain relief and produce reactive oxygen species to eliminate pathogens in male rodents. More importantly, this regimen can promote CGRP neuropeptides release from sensory neurons to invigorate M2-like macrophages-mediated protective cutaneous immunity. This LIFU-activated immune-nociceptor modulation strategy is potentially applicable to other non-healing tissue regeneration.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4.4
You Mei,Zhou Zixuan,Yan Xinying,Xie Haotian,Chen Xueke,Zhang Jing,Liao Fusheng,Wei Guobing,Fan Hao,Yin Zhaojiang
In this study, we developed a fluorescent sensor based on a pyrene-derived covalent organic framework (PT 2 D-COFs) for the efficient and sensitive detection of copper ions (Cu 2+ ) and iron ions (Fe 3+ ). The PT 2 D-COFs are synthesized via a Schiff base reaction, exhibiting high crystallinity, excellent porosity, and remarkable chemical stability, which provide ideal coordination sites for the effective recognition of metal ions. The results demonstrate that the PT 2 D-COFs exhibit significant fluorescence quenching upon interaction with Cu 2 ⁺, with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.79 nM, while fluorescence enhancement is observed in the presence of Fe 3+ , with an LOD of 0.47 nM. and reproducibility in complex sample matrices. It was effectively utilized to quantify Cu 2+ and Fe 3+ in environmental water samples and traditional Chinese herbal medicines, achieving satisfactory recovery rates. This sensor demonstrates characterized by its low detection limits, strong anti-interference capability, and broad application potential, holds significant promise for applications in environmental monitoring and bioanalysis. Graphical abstract
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MACROMOLECULAR RESEARCH
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2026
·
IF 3.7
Javan Almasi Mohammad,Gong Chenyang,Abdelhussein Abdelsalam,Xiong Dangsheng
This study first investigates the influence of precursor concentration on the properties of negatively charged poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/poly (2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) (PAMPS) hydrogels using a Box–Behnken experimental design to optimize tribological, mechanical, and water content performance. Subsequently, carboxylated carbon nanotubes (CNT-COOH) were incorporated into the dual-network hydrogel to mimic the negatively charged structure of natural cartilage. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed successful polymerization, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a porous three-dimensional network structure. The optimized hydrogels exhibited an equilibrium swelling ratio of up to 1785%. Mechanical testing demonstrated improved tensile strength (TS) at intermediate CNT concentrations, with a maximum elongation at break of 229%. Tribological measurements under physiological conditions showed excellent lubrication performance, with a low coefficient of friction (COF) of approximately 0.0336 and enhanced wear resistance. Long-term friction testing (7200 cycles) indicated stable lubrication behavior with minimal surface damage. These results demonstrate that the PVA/PAMPS/CNT-COOH nanocomposite hydrogel exhibits tunable swelling behavior, enhanced mechanical resilience, and superior lubrication performance, making it a promising biomimetic material for underwater and bio-lubrication applications. Graphical
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhao Lei,Gao Zhongqiang,Yuan Ze,Yang Xiaodie,Li Duxin,Ren Qian,Yu Yunli,Pan Jie,Zheng Yiran,Zhang Xinyun
Inducing antigen-specific regulatory T (T reg ) cells is a promising strategy for treating autoimmune diseases (AID). Here, we present dendritic cells-CD4⁺ T cells (DC-CD4) bispecific tolerogenic nanovesicles (NV) co-loaded with an antigenic peptide and rapamycin. We show that these NVs bring DCs and CD4⁺ T cells into close spatial proximity through CTLA4-CD80/86 and anti-CD4 (aCD4)-CD4 interactions, thereby promoting antigen-specific T reg cell generation. In a collagen-induced arthritis mouse model, the bispecific NVs display enhanced lymph node (LN) tropism and increase antigen-specific T reg cells in LNs and spleen, when administered in both therapeutic and prophylactic settings, resulting in robust efficacy against CIA. Furthermore, arthritogenic cell transfer and adoptive transfer of T reg cells into T reg -ablated mice confirm the pivotal role of bispecific NV-induced antigen-specific T reg cells in mediating the anti-inflammatory efficacy. Collectively, our data support DC-CD4 bispecific tolerogenic NVs as a platform to induce antigen-specific T reg cells for precise immune tolerance in AIDs.
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Nature Communications
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2026
·
IF 18.1
Liu Di,Bai Haoyun,Chen Mingpeng,Peng Shuyang,Kang Jiaqian,Li Lun,Feng Ziwen,Liu Chunfa,Ip Weng Fai,Pan Hui
Geen ammonia synthesis through electrochemical nitrate reduction (e-NO 3 R) using cost-effective Co-based catalysts is promising, but the inevitable structural evolution induced by reductive potentials compromises long-term stability and hinders practical implementation. Focusing on β-Co(OH) 2 , which serves as the active phase in e-NO 3 R systems, this work combines experimental analysis and computational studies to reveal a dynamic surface *OH evolution process: *OH cleavage under negative potentials and *OH generation by the dissociation of NO 3 - . Notably, Ru nanoparticles anchored on β-Co(OH) 2 nanosheets promote structural evolution by facilitating *OH cleavage and generation, thereby sustaining a highly active and selective OH-terminated surface. Simultaneously, Ru provides moderate *H adsorption, accelerates the conversions from NO 3 − to NO 2 − and from NO 2 − to NH 3 , and thus enhances ammonia synthesis. The optimized Co(OH) 2 -Ru catalyst achieves an ammonia yield of 98 ± 0.91 mg·h -1 ·cm -2 with a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 97.7 ± 0.90 % at −0.7 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (vs. RHE), while maintaining NH 3 FEs above 95% across a broad potential window. This work elucidates structural evolution dynamics, offering a design principle for robust electrocatalysts.
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Scientific Reports
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2026
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IF 4.9
Jiang Qi,Weng Xiaoyu,Chai Yi,Ragan Katherine B.,Liu Zhengjin,Li Zhongwu,Wang Bonnie,Jin Olivia,Gopinath Ashwin,Zhang David Yu,Chen Wei
High-frequency longitudinal RNA sequencing has emerged as a powerful approach for capturing dynamic transcriptional responses to therapeutic interventions, yet traditional differential expression analysis fails to identify genes with temporal variability that lack static expression differences. We used our previously developed computational framework for identifying Temporally Varying Genes (TVGs) from daily blood samples collected over 10–21 days in Sprague–Dawley rats treated with hepatotoxic compounds including tetracycline, isoniazid, carbon tetrachloride, and valproate. Our methodology employs variance-based scoring to detect genes exhibiting significant temporal fluctuations under treatment conditions. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of TVGs identified three distinct temporal patterns: early-transient responses, sustained activation, and late-phase upregulation, each enriched for specific biological processes. Principal component analysis demonstrated clear treatment-induced transcriptomic shifts from baseline “Healthy Region” clusters to treatment-adapted “Response Region” states, with sample trajectories reflecting dose-dependent temporal dynamics. Cross-compound analysis revealed 186 commonly regulated genes across all treatments, representing conserved hepatotoxicity signatures, while compound-specific responses highlighted distinct mechanistic pathways. This approach enables kinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling that distinguishes primary drug targets from secondary adaptive responses, advancing precision medicine applications through dynamic molecular portraits of drug action and individual treatment variability.
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Scientific Reports
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2026
·
IF 4.9
Liu Siqi,Fang Fei,Jiang Yu
Chronic administration of glucocorticoids are being linked to an increased risk of osteoporosis. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a natural compound that possesses various biological activities, including osteogenic regulation. In this research, we sought to investigate the potential of 5-HMF to exert protective effects against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. In cellular investigations, we deployed Western Blot (WB), Real-Time Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin S-red (ARS) staining to scrutinize the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers within MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts and BMSCs. We used dexamethasone to establish a mouse model for glucocorticoid-Induced osteoporosis and administered 5-HMF to evaluate its influence on bone density and architecture through the use of micro-CT and histological analysis. In addition, we employed network pharmacology to elucidate the potential pathways and targets of 5-HMF. Finally, we explored the effect of AKT knockout on the treatment of 5-HMF. We found that 5-HMF significantly enhanced VEGFR2 phosphorylation, reestablishing angiogenesis and activating the PI3K/AKT pathway in vitro and in vivo. 5-HMF also inhibited Dexamethasone -induced apoptosis by regulating Bax and Bcl-2 expression. MK2206, an AKT inhibitor, abrogated 5-HMF’s protective properties against GCs. These results indicate that 5-HMF counteracts the negative effects of GCs on osteoblasts and has good bone-promoting differentiation effects.
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COLLOID AND POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 2.9
Peng Xingwei,Zhou Wenyun,Huang Sen,Yao Anrong,Zhou Meng,He Yanping
The practical application of eugenol, a valuable bioactive compound, is significantly hindered by its inherent volatility and chemical instability. Conventional encapsulation systems often fail to provide adequate protection and lack intelligent release capabilities. This study presents an innovative solution using white beeswax as a smart shell material, leveraging its unique temperature-dependent crystalline structure for controllable release. Through systematic optimization of melt-dispersion parameters—specifically a 1:5 oil-to-water ratio, 100 mL Poloxamer F68, and 800 r/min stirring rate—we successfully fabricated eugenol-loaded microcapsules with uniform particle size (60–80 μm). Comprehensive characterization revealed their rough surface morphology, enhanced thermal stability, and robust mechanical properties, evidenced by an average rupture force of 4.09 mN. The microcapsules demonstrated exceptional temperature-responsive behavior: providing sustained release over several days at 20 °C while achieving complete release within hours at 45 °C. Remarkably, the release rate could be dynamically and reversibly modulated through temperature cycling between these points, attributed to the reversible crystalline-to-amorphous transitions of the beeswax matrix. Kinetic analysis established that this intelligent release follows first-order kinetics, indicating a diffusion-dominated mechanism through the wax matrix. This work not only establishes an optimized preparation protocol but also provides fundamental insights into the release mechanisms, offering a robust platform for developing smart delivery systems with promising applications in temperature-activated food packaging and dermatological therapeutics.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 4.6
Yang Xu-Xuan,Luo Zhen,Shao Jia-Xing,Feng Xue-Quan,Xu Zi-Yang,Cui Chun-Yan,Liu Wen-Guang
Oral ulcers, a prevalent oral mucosal condition, involve epithelial discontinuity, tissue fluid loss, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and bacterial infection. Dynamic saliva flow and physical friction from food residues further aggravate the damage and delay healing. To address this problem, we developed a stable PolyLA-based adhesive patch by combining α -lipoic acid (LA) and betaine (BET) using a simple one-step solvent evaporation method, referred to as PolyLA/BET. The carboxylate and tertiary ammonium groups on BET formed multiple hydrogen bonds with PolyLA, effectively inhibiting the depolymerization of LA. PolyLA/BET firmly adheres to oral tissues via hydrogen bonding mediated by surface carboxyl groups. Moreover, zwitterionic structure of BET enabled the patch to absorb and retain water. Upon hydration, the patch maintains structural stability while acquiring flexibility and adhesiveness, which are essential characteristics for durable sealing and the formation of a stable moist wound healing microenvironment. The patch also sustained the release of LA, providing antioxidant and antibacterial activities. In a rat oral ulcer model, PolyLA/BET outperformed the commercial patch in promoting wound healing.
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NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
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2026
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IF 4
Lin Jie,Jin Guoxin,Zhang Ling,Weng Xiu,Wu Kecheng
The short half-life of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in vivo limits its clinical application in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury (ALI). This study aimed to construct a novel PLGA-based nanoparticle delivery system for FGF21 and to investigate its protective effects and underlying mechanisms in APAP-induced ALI. PLGA-FGF21 nanoparticles were prepared using a double-emulsion solvent evaporation method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy and Zetasizer Nano for morphology, size, and stability. Their release profile and cytotoxicity were evaluated in vitro using AML12 cells, while hepatoprotective effects were assessed in an APAP-induced ALI mouse model. Histopathology, biochemical assays, immunofluorescence, and Western blot were employed to examine liver function, oxidative stress, and molecular mechanisms. The nanoparticles displayed uniform spherical morphology with an average size of 222.04 ± 1.08 nm and remained stable for 7 days in aqueous suspension. Encapsulation conferred sustained-release properties, and the particles showed no cytotoxicity while maintaining biological activity for at least 28 days. In vivo, PLGA-FGF21 significantly alleviated APAP-induced liver damage, reduced serum ALT and AST, and exhibited superior hepatoprotective efficacy compared with free FGF21. Furthermore, it suppressed inflammatory responses by decreasing TNF-α and MDA levels, while enhancing antioxidant defenses through increased SOD activity. Mechanistically, PLGA-FGF21 activated the PGC-1α/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, contributing to enhanced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. PLGA-FGF21 nanoparticles provide potent protection against APAP-induced ALI by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, which may be associated with activation of the PGC-1α/Nrf2 signaling pathway, offering a promising strategy for FGF21-based therapy in liver injury.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 2.8
Xie Jinsong,Zhang Haojie,Li Yanxin,Liu Tianqi,Du Yaxin
In this work, zinc ferrite nanoparticle-modified tubular graphitic carbon nitride (ZnFe 2 O 4 /g-C 3 N 4 , ZFO/CN) was fabricated via an ultrasound-assisted self-assembly approach. The resulting ZFO/TCN composite features an optimized mesoporous structure, characterized by a specific surface area of 71.35 m 2 /g and average pore size of 10.32 nm, with both values intermediate to those of the individual constituents. The composite exhibited significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance, degrading 93.5% of tetracycline (TC) within 1 h and 98.7% of rhodamine B (RhB) within 20 min. Moreover, the catalyst maintained high photocatalytic activity after four consecutive recycling experiments, demonstrating excellent reproducibility and stability. Free radical trapping experiments indicated that superoxide radicals (·O 2 − ) play a major role in the photocatalytic process. The energy band structure and charge transfer pathways of the catalyst were probed by solid-state ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) and Mott–Schottky measurements. The separation and transport efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers were systematically evaluated through transient photocurrent response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Accordingly, a Z-scheme heterojunction structure was proposed for the ZFO/CN composite, along with a corresponding photocatalytic mechanism. This study offers new insights for the purification and treatment of wastewater.
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