NANO
·
2026
·
IF 1.3
Wenquan Hu,Qi Chen,Yifan Qin,Xixi Zhu,Tao Liu,Jiajie Jin,Ming Wang
Worsening water contamination by organic pollutants, such as industrial dyes, mineral processing reagents, and medical antibiotics, calls for the design of efficient and inexpensive remediation technologies. Herein, a new ternary nanocomposite photocatalyst SnO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 /Dt was prepared by a simple hydrothermal method and calcination, exploiting the strong photocatalytic activity of SnO 2 and g-C 3 N 4 , and the structural dispersion ability of diatomite (Dt) to construct a stable heterojunction system. Characterization results indicated that a large specific surface area, optimized pore structure, and abundant active sites were obtained, while agglomeration of nanoparticles was effectively suppressed. Under simulated visible-light irradiation, the ternary composite exhibited a broad photocatalytic activity with degradation percentages of Methyl Orange (MO), Sodium Ethyl Xanthate (SEX), and Tetracycline Hydrochloride (TCH) of 94.29%, 99.63%, and 93.31% in 60 minutes - significantly better than its single and binary counterparts. The degradation process followed pseudo-first-order kinetic behavior, with degradation rates improved by 3.5-4.1 times compared to the pristine materials. Recycling experiments also demonstrated that the SnO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 /Dt nanocomposite exhibit excellent reusability as photocatalysts and hold significant potential for application in the treatment of industrial wastewater containing organic pollutants.
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高影响因子
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
·
IF 8.3
Bingxi Feng,Zizheng Wang,Yuan Yao,Yonghui Deng,Jing Wei
Noble metal nanosensitizers such as Pt and Pd are widely employed to enhance the H 2 sensing performance of semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors owing to their superior capability for H 2 adsorption and dissociation; however, they exhibit poor resistance to CO, a gas that commonly coexists with H 2 , leading to cross-response and false alarms in real-world application scenarios. In this work, we design a wireless gas sensor based on Au nanocluster-functionalized SnO 2 nanosheets. The sensor exhibits exceptional sensitivity (43.2 ppm -1 ), a low detection limit (100 ppb), rapid response time (11 s), excellent selectivity, and strong anti-interference capability against CO. Notably, owing to their ultra-small particle size and high catalytic activity, the Au nanocluster-functionalized SnO 2 nanosheets show a response 51.1 and 1.6 times higher than that of pristine SnO 2 and conventional Au nanoparticle-functionalized SnO 2 nanosheets. Moreover, when CO at a concentration 60 times higher than H 2 is introduced into the H 2 stream, the sensor response changes by only 7.8%. Furthermore, a handheld detector is developed for hydrogen leak detection and early warning. This work presents an alternative strategy for the fabrication of high-performance H 2 sensors with superior CO resistance by employing gold nanoclusters as a sensitizer in place of conventional Pd-based materials.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Mengru Liu,Zhenlong Zhang,Huafang Zhang,Yuefeng Liu,Huiping Gao,Yanli Mao
Interfacial quality at the SnO2 electron transport layer (ETL)/perovskite junction critically governs the electron collection and device performance in n-i-p type perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the defects within SnO2 and at the buried interface can impede electron extraction and promote charge recombination. Herein, cesium hexafluorophosphate (CsPF6) was introduced into the SnO2 precursor as an interfacial additive. Calculations and experimental measurements indicate that the F atoms of PF6- coordinate with undercoordinated Sn sites, whereas Cs participates in the formation of an FA-Cs alloyed layer at the buried perovskite surface. These interactions establish a molecular bridge across the SnO2/perovskite junction. The resulting bridge suppresses the interfacial defects, improves the energy-level alignment and physical contact, and regulates the perovskite crystallization. The devices incorporating CsPF6 deliver a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.25%. They also show enhanced stability. The unencapsulated devices retain 90.05% of their initial PCE after 1000 h of aging in ambient air. These findings demonstrate that molecular bridging is an effective route to simultaneously improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Mathankumar Ganesan,M. Umar Farooq,Jin Li,M. Krishna Mohan,Fei Wang
The current investigation highlights the successful development of a highly selective and ultra-sensitive nitrogen dioxide sensor at room temperature (28 ℃), employing Gd-doped SnO 2 nanostructures. A facile hydrothermal route prepared the pure and Gd-doped SnO 2 nanostructures. The samples were analyzed using XRD, HR-TEM, XPS, and BET analysis to investigate their structural, core-level morphology, chemical composition, and specific surface area properties. The prepared sensors exhibited superior selectivity towards the NO 2 gas molecule compared to other target gases such as H 2 S, CH 4 , NH 3 , SO 2 , acetone, ethanol, and methanol. Remarkably, the Sn-2 (3 mM) sample shows a superior gas-sensing response of about 186 towards the 10 ppm of NO 2 gas molecule at 28 ℃. At 100 ℃, the Sn-2 (3 mM) sample displays a sensing response of about 3726 towards the 10 ppm of NO 2 gas. In addition, the prepared pure and Sn-2 (3 mM) sensors showed good repeatability and stability. The results will give an alternative way to develop the metal oxide-based (MOS) NO 2 gas sensor for real-time gas monitoring applications. Additionally, DFT gas adsorption studies were conducted to better understand the selectivity performance of the pure and Gd-SnO 2 system, and the results showed good consistency with the experimental findings.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Zeyu Wang,Yaling Jia,Shangqing Zhao,Huiling Zheng,Antony Rajendran,Wen-Ying Li
SnO 2 -based materials are promising electrocatalysts for the conversion of CO 2 to formate however increasing their activity further is challenging due to the suboptimal CO 2 adsorption and activation capacity. The interfacial engineering has proven effective in modulating the electronic structure and adsorption behavior of electrocatalysts. Herein, a heterostructure Bi/SnO 2 was constructed for the CO 2 electroreduction to formate in which a formate Faraday efficiency of 94.9 % and single-pass carbon efficiency of 40.3 % were achieved at −1.0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in 1.0 M KOH. During a 30-hour stability test, the current density was nearly constant without a significant decrease while the formate Faraday efficiency was maintained around 90 %. This remarkable activity is attributed to the strong electronic interaction arising from p–p orbital coupling at the Bi/SnO 2 interface, according to the experimental and theoretical investigations. The computational insights suggest that the p–p orbital coupling promotes the electron transfer from Bi to SnO 2 and optimizes the adsorption strength of the intermediate (*OCHO) to enhance the catalytic activity. The formation of *OCHO during formate generation was confirmed by the i n situ attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy. This work might contribute key insights into the mechanisms underlying activity enhancement via strong electronic interaction between dual p- block metal catalysts.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
催化反应
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Danhong Gao,Shasha Gao,Hanling Deng,Hongwei Liu,Dusong Hou,Qianyao Lu,Xinjian He,Sheng Huang
Modulating the surface electronic structure of metal oxides is crucial for enhancing their gas-sensing performance, with gradient energy level structures offering effective regulate. However, the mechanism underlying their impact on hydrogen sensing remains unclear. This study constructed mesoporous Pd-PdO/SnO 2 double-shelled microspheres with gradient energy levels via a soft-template method, precisely tuning the surface electronic structure of SnO 2 . The architecture integrates high surface area (30.9 m 2 /g), ordered mesopores (17.9 nm), and Schottky barrier modulation at PdO(5.04 eV)-SnO 2 (4.92 eV) interfaces, establishing unidirectional electron transfer pathways that amplify charge separation efficiency by 7.3×. The optimized 5 at.% Pd-PdO/SnO 2 sensor achieves high H 2 response (R a /R g = [email protected] ppm) at 162.5℃ with ultrafast kinetics (0.2 s response/4.8 s recovery), a three-order detection span (0.5–8000 ppm), and humidity tolerance (91 % accuracy@80 %RH via machine learning). Theory calculation reveals the gradient structure enhances H 2 adsorption energy (−0.76 eV vs. PdO/SnO 2 : −0.02 eV) and boosts interfacial charge transfer by 46× (0.276 e vs. 0.006 e), driven by synergistic mechanisms: (1) Sn 5 s/p-dominated conduction band electron enrichment (68 % DOS increase near Fermi level), and (2) Pd catalytic activation lowering H 2 dissociation barriers from 1.32 eV (SnO 2 ) to 0.85 eV. This electronic-structure engineering paradigm establishes a roadmap for intelligent gas sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
传感器技术
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Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 18
·期 12
·2871
·
IF 3.2
Yi Wang,Zilong Zhang,Ze Wang,Yujie Yan,Tong Feng,An Xie
Electrochromic devices have garnered significant interest owing to their promising applications in smart multifunctional electrochromic energy storage systems (EESDs) and their emerging next-generation electronic technologies. Tungsten oxide (WO3), possessing both electrochromic and pseudocapacitive characteristics, offers great potential for developing multifunctional devices with enhanced performance. However, achieving an efficient and straightforward synthesis of WO3electrochromic films, while simultaneously ensuring high coloration efficiency and energy storage capability, remains a significant challenge. In this work, a low-temperature hydrothermal approach is employed to directly grow hexagonal-phase WO3films on FTO substrates. This process utilizes sorbitol to promote nucleation and rubidium sulfate to regulate crystal growth, enabling a one-step in situ fabrication strategy. To complement the high-performance WO3cathode, a composite PB/SnO2film was designed as the anode, offering improved electrochromic properties and enhanced stability. The assembled EESD exhibited fast bleaching/coloration response and a high coloration efficiency of 101.2 cm2C−1. Furthermore, it exhibited a clear and reversible change in optical properties, shifting from a transparent state to a deep blue color, with a transmittance modulation reaching 81.47%.
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ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Zhengjie Xu,Qiang Lou,Xuan Lu,Liping Xu,Yufeng Jin,Hang Zhou
The bottom interface in n-i-p structured perovskite solar cells plays a pivotal role in determining both device efficiency and long-term operational stability. Surface modification of colloidal SnO2 nanoparticles at an early stage presents a promising strategy to tailor their structural and electronic characteristics, thereby influencing the crystallization behavior of the subsequently deposited perovskite layer. In this work, we employ tetrapropylammonium hydroxide (TPAOH) to functionalize SnO2 surfaces, effectively passivating the intrinsic defects such as tin interstitials (Sni) and oxygen vacancies (VO). This modification not only optimizes the optoelectronic properties of SnO2 but also refines film morphology. Moreover, the introduction of TPA+ ions contributes to the stabilization of the perovskite bottom interface by passivating iodine interstitials (Ii) and formamidinium vacancies (VFA), thereby mitigating ion migration. As a result, devices employing TPA+-modified SnO2 (denoted as SnO2-TPA) achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.32% when paired with a perovskite film of 1.53 eV bandgap─surpassing the performance of devices using commercial SnO2 (denoted as SnO2-c), which yields a PCE of 22.76%. Notably, flexible perovskite solar cells incorporating SnO2-TPA demonstrate a PCE of 19.60%, representing an approximate 20% improvement over those using SnO2-c. Furthermore, SnO2-TPA-based devices exhibit enhanced stability under various stress conditions, including continuous ultraviolet (395 nm) irradiation for ∼90 h, thermal annealing at 40 °C for 700 h, and ambient humidity (15% relative humidity) for 1200 h.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Xiaoyu Zhang,Hongji Zhu,Min Xu,Shengzhu Cao,Runze Hu,Lin Peng,Chunyu Zhang,Dong Zhang
Developing high-performance gas sensors through facile synthesis remains challenging. Here, a pH-mediated hydrothermal strategy for precisely engineering SnO 2 nanostructures toward exceptional ethanol sensing is reported. By systematically tuning hydrothermal pH from 2 to 13, hierarchical control of crystallinity (XRD), particle morphology (SEM/TEM), and band structure (UV-Vis) are achieved. The strong alkaline condition (pH=13) yielded monodisperse 5–10 nm nanoparticles with optimized (101) facet exposure, delivering record-high response of 97.2 toward 400 ppm ethanol at 300°C, improvements over acidic (pH=2) and neutral (pH=7) counterparts, respectively. Mechanistic studies reveal that extreme pH conditions promote charge-driven crystallization kinetics , suppressing particle agglomeration while increasing oxygen vacancies . The obtained sensitivity (20.64 ppm −1 ) and linearity (96.95 %) surpass some multifactor-modified SnO 2 sensors reported. This single-variable approach demonstrates cost reduction compared to composite modification methods, establishing a generalizable paradigm for transition metal oxide optimization. The fundamental insights into pH-dependent growth mechanisms provide new design principles for scalable nanofabrication .
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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传感器
·
无机化学
·
表面科学
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Yongchao He,Yu Huang,E. Xu,Xiaochao Xia,Chong Xiao,Feng Wang,Xudong Cui,Mingbo Yang,Hang Chen,Yanhao Huang
Azobenzene-based polymers have been prominent photochromic materials (PCMs) for decades but still suffer from low efficiency and instability in photallochromy due to hindered isomerization in the solid state. Here, a controlled charge interaction between additive SnO2 nanoparticles and azophenyl polyether was designed and established using density functional theory (DFT) prediction and experimental verification, aiming to disrupt π–π stacking among azobenzene moieties. Theoretical calculations, time-resolved fluorescence spectra, and zeta potential tests have proven that negative charges generated on the surface of SnO2 nanoparticles under UV-A (330–370 nm) irradiation transfer to positively charged carboxyl groups of azobenzene moieties, accelerating the isomerization speed (response time ≤ 10 s) and stabilizing the cis conformation of azobenzene. Compared to the pristine azophenyl polyether films, the azophenyl polyether/SnO2 composite film exhibits a more rapid and pronounced color-change behavior under both 450 nm blue light and 365 nm UV irradiation, enabling a stable and durable pattern writing/erasing functionality triggered by 450/365 nm light. Interestingly, owing to a 13.53% difference in reflectance at 410 nm between cis and trans isomers, the imprinted patterns on the composite films are nearly invisible under ambient light yet show a high contrast ratio (CR) of up to 2.4 under 405 nm violet light, demonstrating promising potential applications in anticounterfeiting and information encryption.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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光学材料
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光化学
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信息安全
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高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 8
·719
·
IF 4.4
Xueyan Li,Zeyi Wu,Xiangyu Song,Denghua Li,Jiajia Liu,Jiatao Zhang
Nowadays, metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors have diverse applications ranging from human health to smart agriculture with the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. However, high operating temperatures and an unsatisfactory detection capability (high sensitivity, fast response/recovery speed, etc.) hinder their integration into the IoT. Herein, a ternary heterostructure was prepared by decorating WO3nanoplates with Au and SnO2nanoparticles through a facial photochemical deposition method. This was employed as a sensing material for 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (3H-2B), a biomarker ofListeria monocytogenes. These Au/SnO2–WO3nanoplate-based sensors exhibited an excellent response (Ra/Rg= 662) to 25 ppm 3H-2B, which was 24 times higher than that of pure WO3nanoplates at 140 °C. Moreover, the 3H-2B sensor showed an ultrafast response and recovery speed to 25 ppm 3H-2B as well as high selectivity. These excellent sensing performances could be attributed to the rich Au/SnO2–WO3active interfaces and the excellent transport of carriers in nanoplates. Furthermore, a wireless portable gas sensor equipped with the Au/SnO2–WO3nanoplates was assembled, which was tested using 3H-2B with known concentrations to study the possibilities of real-time gas monitoring in food quality and safety.
研究领域:
传感器技术
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食品安全
·
纳米材料科学
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL PHYSICS
·
2025
·
IF 2.4
Yan Liu,Xuebin Zhou,Zhihua Ying,Yuan Jiang
Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) detection is critical for environmental and industrial safety, yet existing sensors often suffer from limited sensitivity and slow response. To address this, we report a facile one-step hydrothermal synthesis of ZnO/SnO 2 heterostructures via a one-step hydrothermal method using cellulose nanofiber (CNF) as a templating agent. Under UV activation, the optimized composite demonstrates a high response value of 45 toward 3 ppm NO 2 , along with rapid response and recovery times of 15 s and 20 s, respectively. The CNF-assisted synthesis significantly enhanced NO 2 sensitivity and selectivity compared to conventional methods, attributed to synergistic effects of increased surface area and interfacial charge transfer. This scalable approach enables high-performance NO 2 sensors for real-time monitoring.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境监测
·
纳米技术
·
传感器技术
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高影响因子
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