ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 12.2
Ningyi Chen,Ying Xu,Dan Wang,Ge Zhao,Kehao Huang,Bingjun Pan
The sensitive and cost-effective identification of diverse phosphorus species, particularly organophosphorus compounds, is crucial for advanced wastewater treatment. Herein, we developed a colorimetric sensor array based on gold nanoparticles (nano-Au) that utilizes UV–vis spectral shifts induced by interactions with phosphorus species. Four molecular modifiers, i.e., cysteamine (CS), neodymium (Nd), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and tributylhexadecylphosphonium bromide (THPB), were strategically incorporated into the nano-Au receptors to generate distinct response patterns via coordination, hydrophobic interactions, and electrostatic attractions. These optical “fingerprints” were deciphered using pattern recognition techniques. The sensor array successfully differentiated 11 phosphorus species (including organophosphonic acids, organophosphate esters, and inorganic phosphates, with 100% classification accuracy for the 11 target species within the tested training set) at concentrations ranging from 1.0 to 50 mg/L, both individually and in mixtures; it exhibits high sensitivity, with detection limits ranging from 0.17 to 0.94 mg/L for the 11 phosphorus species. The sensor array demonstrated robust anti-interference capability, achieving recoveries between 90%–96% in both simulated and real water matrices. Notably, the sensor enabled in situ determination of residual phosphorus concentrations in actual phosphorus adsorption treatments, and the yielded results are highly consistent with standard spectroscopic measurements, highlighting its practical potential for simplifying environmental monitoring and water quality analysis.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
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2026
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IF 6
Shilin Huang,Zhengxiang Wang,Jie Song,Shuhong Fan
This study aims to improve the toughness and surface properties of light-curable acrylic resins while maintaining a well-balanced combination of thermal stability, mechanical performance, and crosslinking density. To achieve this goal, a tailored molecular architecture was designed using methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA) as primary monomers, with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) incorporated as functional comonomers. A modified epoxy acrylate prepolymer was synthesized and further functionalized via post-polymerization grafting with acrylic acid (AA). This approach enabled the successful preparation of IBOA-modified UV-curable unsaturated acrylate prepolymers (designated MEA-0 to MEA-4) and their corresponding cured films. The thermal, mechanical, and surface properties of the resulting films were systematically evaluated using FT-IR, DTG, DSC, and DMA analyses. The results indicate that precise modulation of the IBOA content can increase crosslinking density and enhance tensile strength, while significantly improving elongation at break and fracture energy. Compared to unmodified acrylate systems, water absorption was significantly reduced from 13.05% to 2.13%. Furthermore, the surface polarity and surface energy of the modified materials were significantly reduced, exhibiting excellent adhesion on polypropylene and polyester substrates. Notably, the incorporation of IBOA ester groups did not adversely affect thermal resistance, demonstrating that the integration of IBOA moieties into the acrylic side-chain structure markedly enhances the overall performance of the crosslinked network. Accordingly, this work presents an efficient and versatile molecular design strategy for developing light-curable unsaturated polyacrylate systems with low surface energy and enhanced toughness. Download: Download high-res image (227KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 12.2
Xiaoyu Tan,Xiao Li,Guiying He,Boqiang Li,Mengting Yang,Baiyang Chen
To evaluate the role of inorganic nitrogen and nitrogen-free organic matter in forming nitrogenous disinfection byproducts (N-DBPs), this study investigated dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN) formation during mixed chlorine/chloramine (MCC) processes with and without ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Results showed that ammonia and phenol yielded higher DCAN (0.036%) than representative dissolved organic nitrogen precursors, including nitrobenzene (0.012%) and aminobenzene (0.016%), under identical nitrogen, carbon, and chlorine dosages, indicating that inorganic nitrogen can be a dominant contributor to N-DBPs formation. Among UV-based processes, DCAN yields followed the order UV/chlorine (0.256%) > UV-activated MCC (0.099%) ≫ UV/monochloramine (0.011%), while MCC without UV generated less DCAN. For phenolic compounds, DCAN formation decreased with increasing number of hydroxyl groups (−OH) and varied by substitution position. A quantitative structure–activity relationship model (R2 = 0.842) identified acid dissociation coefficient (pKa) and chemical softness (S, a measure of a molecule’s susceptibility to electrophilic attack) as dominant descriptors. Transformation products analysis revealed two parallel DCAN formation pathways in the UV-activated MCC process: (i) nitrogen incorporation after oxidative cleavage and (ii) amination before aromatic ring opening. These results demonstrate that ammonia can be converted into DCAN via multiple pathways, highlighting an overlooked route for N-DBPs formation during the water disinfection process.
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Polymers
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2026
·Vol. 18
·期 11
·1316
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IF 5.8
Xu Dong,Haijuan Zhu,Jianhua Zheng,Zhongliang Wang,Sihang Zhang
Developing a biodegradable film with integrated mechanical robustness and multifunctionality remains a significant challenge for sustainable food packaging. Herein, a pectin/carboxymethyl cellulose composite film (PNZxC) incorporated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) was fabricated via a solution casting method to achieve the synergistic enhancement of structural and functional properties. ZnO exhibits dual functionality within the polymer matrix, serving both as a reinforcing filler and as a coordination interaction node via interactions with carboxyl groups. At an optimal loading, the PNZ2C film demonstrates a uniform dispersion of nanoparticles, facilitating the development of a dense network structure and enhancing intermolecular interactions. Consequently, the film showed reduced water vapor and oxygen permeability, attributable to the formation of tortuous diffusion pathways, together with increased surface hydrophobicity and a significantly improved tensile strength of 25.4 MPa. Enhanced thermal stability and excellent UV-blocking performance were also achieved. Notably, the optimized film demonstrated superior preservation performance in blueberry storage, effectively reducing moisture loss and delaying quality deterioration compared with the control. These findings provide new insights into the structure–property relationships of ZnO–polysaccharide nanocomposite systems and highlight a viable strategy for designing high-performance, biodegradable packaging materials with integrated multifunctionality.
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POLYMER TESTING
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2026
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IF 6.4
Chen Hu,Hanyi Chen,Jun Du,Ying Gong,Sheng Liu,Qing Li
DHN-derived allomelanin nanoparticles were incorporated into PVA at 0.1–0.7 wt%. • At 0.3 wt%, tensile strength and elongation reached 103.8 MPa and 102.1%. • Loadings of 0.5–0.7 wt% enhanced light shielding and photothermal heating. • FTIR and AFM indicated reduced UV-induced chemical and surface changes. 1,8-Dihydroxynaphthalene-derived allomelanin nanoparticles (AMNPs) were incorporated into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films at low loadings of 0.1–0.7 wt% to regulate their mechanical, optical, photothermal, and UV-aging properties. The 0.3 wt% film exhibited the best measured strength–ductility balance, with a tensile strength of 103.8 MPa and an elongation at break of 102.1%, while retaining partial visible transparency. Increasing the AMNPs loading enhanced UV attenuation and photothermal heating but reduced visible-light transmittance. The 0.5 and 0.7 wt% films reached steady-state temperatures of 60.7 and 62.4 °C, respectively. In the curcumin photodegradation test, the 0.3 wt% film limited degradation to 6% after 50 min of UV exposure, whereas the 0.5 and 0.7 wt% films nearly completely suppressed degradation. After 120 h of laboratory UV irradiation, the AMNP-containing film showed less surface roughening than neat PVA. These results reveal composition-dependent performance windows: 0.3 wt% favors mechanically robust and partially transparent UV-protective films, whereas 0.5–0.7 wt% favors stronger light shielding and photothermal conversion. Download: Download high-res image (325KB) Download: Download full-size image
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Pengfei Zhang,Xiang Gao,Chunchao Chen,Kangwei Gongsun,Changming Bu,Chaochen Li,Xiaofan Li,Houyi Ma
In this study, a novel nano-scale conversion film with exceptional corrosion resistance was developed on a copper surface through the synergistic application of click chemistry and self-assembly techniques. The film was synthesized using pentaerythritol (2-mercaptoacetate) (PETMP) and triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC). During the fabrication process, thiol groups preferentially formed a self-assembled monolayer via thiol-Cu(I) coordination interactions. Subsequent UV triggered click reactions between unreacted thiol groups and the double bonds in TAIC, providing a significant driving force for three-dimensional film growth. The resulting PETMP-TAIC-UV film exhibited enhanced chemical reactivity and improved surface adsorption capacity, as indicated by its reduced HOMO-LUMO energy gap and more negative adsorption energy . Compared to the PETMP monomer, the structural units formed via the click reaction demonstrated stronger physicochemical interactions with the Cu (111) surface, leading to increased film density and adhesion strength. The optimized film achieved a thickness of 77.8 nm, with a protection efficiency of 99.9 % and a polarization resistance approximately 150 times higher than that of a single PETMP film.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2025
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IF 3.9
Zhang Peng,Xu Faou,Li Wen,Chen Weiyin,Zhang Wenxin,Zhang Tong
Self-healable and antibacterial electronic skins with the appropriate mechanical performance have paid great attention to the smart devices, health information storage and signal sensing. However, conventional electronic skins are susceptible to bacterial colonization and microbial adhesion, which poses additional health risks. Therefore, developing antibacterial elastic substrates with tailored morphological features is crucial for practical applications. Herein, a bioinspired photopolymerized self-healing antibacterial architecture is reported. Multifunctional trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) was integrated with acrylate-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-IU-MA) to fabricate a coral-like dendritic structure with particular convex wrinkles through sandpaper-mold templating, thereby imparting the antibacterial properties. With the increase in TMPTA content, the elastomer presents the progressive antibacterial abilities of inhibiting Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) and Staphylococcus aureus ( S. Aureus ) growth. Meanwhile, the introduction of multiple hydrogen bonds endows the elastomers with self-healing properties. Integrated with the flexible conductive circuit, a resistance-changed sensor with antibacterial and self-healing properties was developed for personalized motion monitoring, based on the PDMS-IU-MA elastomer. This work is expected to bring fresh horizons to the design of multifunctional sensing materials and establish the foundation for the development of antibacterial electronic skin. Graphical abstract
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
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IF 13.2
Xingxing Huang,Xiaojiang Huang,Muyu Feng,Haocheng Yang,Xuan Wang,Zhiqiang Zhang,Jinsuo Lu
Accelerated urbanisation has raised serious concerns on the quality of drinking water. In particular, the disinfection byproducts (DBPs) present in tap water have emerged as a potential health hazard. As hot water is routinely consumed and electrochemically assisted ultraviolet ( E -UV) technology is commonly adopted under various conditions and in aquatic environments, this study comprehensively evaluates whether E -UV boiling (E-UV/BO) technology can eliminate DBPs from drinking water. Results indicated that BO enhanced the E-UV efficacy of haloacetic acid (HAA) and aromatic DBP degradation by 1.0–1.2 times and the total organic carbon removal by 1.0–1.7 times relative to those for the ambient conditions. Trihalomethanes (THMs) were primarily eliminated through volatilisation during the BO process. The COMSOL simulation findings validated the substantial role of BO in THM elimination and demonstrated that modifying the hydrodynamic conditions of the solution can further improve the E -UV removal ability of HAAs and aromatic DBPs. After E-UV/BO treatment, the acutely toxic levels of HAAs and aromatic DBPs were reduced to ‘not harmful’ and the expressions of lipid synthesis–related genes in TCM were reduced by 50 %–80 %, confirming that the system effectively reduced ecological risks. Furthermore, experimental validation using actual water samples collected from diverse sources demonstrates the applicability of the technology under realistic environmental conditions. Incorporating E -UV devices into traditional electric kettles notably enhances drinking water quality while minimally increasing the energy usage (by approximately 5 %–10 %). E -UV/BO technology presents as a practical approach for eliminating DBPs from potable water, considerably improving the safety and quality of water.
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PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
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2025
·
IF 7.3
Ya-jie Zhang,Jin Liu,Zhen Li,Xiao-yan Wei,Hui-ting Tang,Di Wang,Ping Wang,Xian-hai Hu,Xian-biao Wang,Feng-jun Zhang
Commercial silicon-based solar cells usually worked at a narrow band of sunlight, so the response of silicon solar cells in the ultraviolet region is poor. To improve photovoltaic conversion efficiency, we developed novel UV-cured polyurethane acrylate composite coatings (PUA-Y) with highly efficient down-shifting luminescence properties. The PUA-Y coating consists of three key components. The first component is the synthetic vinyl end-capped polyurethane acrylate prepolymer (PUA-0), which uses a weather-resistant soft and hard segments. The second component is a UV absorber monomer RUVA-93 [2-(2-hydroxy-5-(2-(methylacryloyloxy) ethyl) phenyl)-2H-benzotriazole] that can copolymerize with PUA-0, and the third component is the synthetic europium complex Eu (LA)₃Phen as a luminescent downshift agent. A series of PUA-Y coatings were prepared by UV curing reaction using PUA-0, RUVA-93 and Eu (LA) 3 Phen with different composition ratios. The PUA-Y composite coated modified silicon solar cells were prepared by solution coating and UV curing. The coating system synergistically converted ultraviolet light into visible light through the ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) of Eu (LA)₃Phen and the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) of RUVA-93. The composite fluorescence spectrum exhibited well matching with the absorption spectrum of the silicon solar cell. The structures and properties of PUA-Y coatings and its components were characterized by using FTIR, XRD, 1 HNMR, SEM, EDS, DMA, UV–visible and fluorescence spectrophotometry. The results showed that the transmittance of the PUA-Y2 coating can reach 89.0 % within the visible light range by optimizing the blend reaction system. The short circuit current value increased by 8.14 %–8.24 % for the silicon-based solar cell coated with the PUA-Y2 coating compared to no coating, and the UV absorption efficiency improved by approximately 50.0 %. Compared with uncoated silicon-based solar cells, the power conversion efficiencies (PCE) of silicon-based solar cells coated with PUA-Y2 increased from 4.711 % to 5.624 %. This work has brought new breakthroughs for the organic coatings can significantly improve the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of photovoltaic solar cells and the spectral response range of photovoltaic silicon-based panels.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 15.7
Zhou Fengxian,Yang Yingguo,Feng Kai,Hu Zhiping,Wang Pengwei,Luo Ran,Wu Daofu,Zhang Zeyu,Liu Zhengzheng,Xue Zixiao,Ou Zeping,Sun Kuan,He Jin,Du Juan
Recent breakthroughs in three-dimensional (3D) printing of glass have enabled precise shaping of glass structures from macro to microscale while retaining their excellent physical and chemical properties. However, current functional developments in 3D printed glass primarily focus on leveraging its intrinsic optical transparency, with limited exploration of photonics application. 3D-printed glass functionalized by quantum dots (QDs) will hold great promise for creating desired photonic functional macro- and microstructures. However, voxel-precision customization of photonic functions in 3D printed glass by the monodispersed and size-controlled QDs is fundamentally conflict with the high-temperature sintering process required in 3D printed glass. Here, we present a simple, cost-effective method for creating a library of QDs functionalized 3D-printed glasses with tunable UV-VIS-IR photoluminescence (PL) by printing nanoporous glass (NG) followed by low-temperature nanoscale engineering of QDs growth. The integration of uniform and size-controlled QDs imparts 3D printed glass with fine tuning in composition, architecture, and photonic functionalities, while nanoscale engineering of the micro-environment enables precise tailoring of various QDs with enhanced optical performance and stability. This universal approach establishes a benchmark for 3D-printed functional glasses with advanced photonic capabilities.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 8.2
Md Imran Hossen,Yagai Lin,Anwar Hosen,Dongxiao Ji
Polymer-based radiative cooling materials combine flexibility with zero-energy cooling capabilities, offering promising solutions for advanced thermal management textiles in high-temperature environments. However, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation triggers photodegradation, leading to yellowing and a consequent reduction in cooling performance. This study proposes a fabrication strategy for a flexible cooling textile based on a triband optical response. A hierarchically porous micronano membrane is designed to minimize solar heating by reflecting sunlight and simultaneously facilitate heat dissipation through strong mid-infrared emission. Concurrently, zinc oxide nanoparticles are incorporated to achieve efficient UV shielding. Due to the synergistic UV shielding between nanoparticles and the porous matrix, the fabric achieves outstanding radiative cooling (95% solar reflectance, 92% mid-IR emissivity) with a remarkably low ZnO loading of only 0.5%. This approach effectively avoids the discoloration and stiffening of the membrane typically caused by high filler concentrations in conventional methods, while additionally enhancing breathability and reducing cost. Outdoor tests demonstrate that the fabric achieves a subambient cooling effect of 5.6 °C and exhibits an exceptional Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF ≈2000). Furthermore, it maintains highly efficient cooling performance even after 400 h of UV exposure. The fabric’s enhanced mechanical strength, water resistance, and breathability work synergistically to ensure durability and provide comprehensive protection for the wearer. This cost-effective, scalable, and durable radiative cooling textile thus holds significant potential for applications in healthcare, outdoor labor, and defense.
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Journal of Orthopaedic Translation
·
2026
·
IF 9.8
Ziying Cheng,Yansheng Huang,Zhigang Zhao,Songnan Shao,Zitong Zhao,Xiaoshuai Peng,Baorong He,Zhen Chang
Background Implant-associated infection remains a major challenge in orthopedic surgery. Although polyether ether ketone (PEEK) is widely used owing to its favorable mechanical properties and radiolucency, its intrinsic bioinertness renders it highly susceptible to bacterial colonization. Developing a durable, antibiotic-free antibacterial surface modification for PEEK with translational relevance remains clinically desirable. Methods In this study, a covalently grafted N-halamine–functionalized PEEK surface (PEEK- g -PAM-NCl) was fabricated via a UV-induced self-initiated polymerization strategy. The antibacterial performance was systematically evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using time–kill assays, live/dead staining, and antibacterial tests under protein-rich conditions. Biocompatibility and osteogenic potential were assessed in vitro using hBM-MSCs. In vivo antibacterial efficacy and biocompatibility were further investigated using subcutaneous implant-associated infection model in the C57BL/6J mice and femoral osteomyelitis model in the SD rat. Results PEEK- g -PAM-NCl exhibited sustained and effective antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, achieving >98% bacterial reduction in vitro, including under protein-rich conditions. Time–kill assays revealed a pronounced time-dependent bactericidal effect. In vivo, PEEK- g -PAM-NCl significantly reduced bacterial burden, inflammatory infiltration, and infection-associated tissue damage compared with pristine PEEK, effectively preventing chronic osteomyelitis features. Importantly, no abnormal systemic inflammatory response or local tissue toxicity was observed. In vitro osteogenic assessments demonstrated that the antibacterial modification did not adversely affect osteogenic differentiation. Conclusion This study demonstrates that covalent N-halamine functionalization endows PEEK with sustained, antibiotic-free antibacterial activity while preserving biocompatibility performance. PEEK- g -PAM-NCl represents a promising translational strategy for preventing implant-associated infections in orthopedic applications. The translational potential of this article This study presents an antibiotic-free antibacterial surface modification strategy for PEEK implants based on UV-induced covalent grafting of N-halamine polymers. The robust antibacterial efficacy, preserved cytocompatibility, and supportive bone-related biological responses suggest potential applicability in preventing implant-associated infections in orthopedic settings. This work provides a feasible surface engineering approach that may be further optimized and translated toward clinically relevant load-bearing implants.
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