SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2023
·
IF 8.6
Chenxi Shi,Kunpeng Wang,Chongchong Chen,Yijun Cao,Guoli Zhou,Jingtao Wang,Cong Li
Gallium, with an average content of about 15 μg g −1 in the Earth's crust, ranks at the forefront of strategic metals. However, the separation of gallium remains challenging due to the similar physical and chemical properties of gallium and other impurity ions. Herein, the tetradentate amidoxime-functionalized MIL-53(Al) nanofiber membranes (PAN/MIL-53-AO) are prepared to separate gallium, aluminum, vanadium ions and so on. The resultant membranes display 231.08 mg g −1 for Ga(Ⅲ) with high selectivity in static and dynamic adsorption. Specially, PAN/MIL-53-AO demonstrates excellent gallium regeneration rate of 84.25% after five cycles. According to DFT calculations, due to the tetradentate structure of MIL-53(Al)-AO, the amidoxime group binds to gallium ion with a lower binding energy (−29.46 eV). In conclusion, the experimental dates and theoretical calculations indicate that the excellent adsorption capacity is derived from the high binding ability of unique rhombic tetragonal coordination structure for gallium ion and the specific MIL-53(Al) cavity size for passage of gallium. Such performances outperform most state-of-the-art adsorption membranes. The special structure of MOF pores provides a novel approach for rapid synthesis of adsorption sites with high selectivity, with potential utilization in the selective adsorption of gallium ions.
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COMBUSTION AND FLAME
·
2023
·
IF 4.4
Yongjin Chen,Hui Ren,Xinzhou Wu,Haoyue Xin,Qingjie Jiao
To design and prepare multifunctional metastable intermixed composites (MICs) with excellent properties, the enhanced “litchi-like” core-shell structure Al/Ti/CuO MICs were prepared by high-energy ball milling (Al/Ti/CuO-B). The morphology, structure, composition, thermal reactivity, energy release and combustion performance of the prepared MICs were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and synchronous thermal analysis (DSC-TG), closed system constant volume combustion experiment, open system CO 2 laser ignition experiment and high-energy laser-induced ablation experiment. This study reveals that, the obtained Al/Ti/CuO-B composites have a “litchi-like” core-shell structure, the components are evenly distributed and closely contacted. The exothermic reaction of Al/Ti/CuO-B should be divided into two stages. Due to the introduction of Ti and the special structure of litchi, Al/Ti/CuO-B has superior reactivity ( E a =178.15 kJ/mol), energy release ( Q = 6443 J/g, P max =164.90KPa), shock wave propagation ( v = 1028.33 m/s) and combustion performance than Al/Ti/CuO-P (simple physical mixing). The thrown Al/Ti/CuO composite particles will undergo secondary micro-reactions during the combustion, and a continuous multi-point “micro-explosion” phenomenon will occur, then self-sustainable combustion can be achieved through multi-level energy superposition release, which will enhance its reaction, combustion and energy release. Al/Ti/CuO-B undergoes an ultrafast reaction to generate plasma under high-energy laser induction, which expands and pushes the surrounding air to form a shock wave. The application of Al/Ti/CuO-B shows that the density, heat of detonation, shock wave overpressure, fireball diameter and temperature of composite structural explosive charge containing Al/Ti/CuO ring are all significantly improved.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
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IF 15.1
Yu Wang,Yunlei Shi,Dazhen Xiong,Zhiyong Li,Huiyong Wang,Xiaopeng Xuan,Jianji Wang
Ammonia (NH 3 ) is produced from nitrogen (N 2 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) by the Harber-Bosch process at high pressure and high temperature. Due to the reversibility and low conversion efficiency of the reaction, the product contains a large amount of raw gas, which seriously affects the production efficiency of ammonia. Therefore, it is essential to exploit high-performance adsorbents for separating NH 3 from NH 3 /N 2 /H 2 mixtures. Herein, we designed and synthesized a kind of metal–organic framework (MOF) composites by anchoring metal chloride (NiCl 2 , CoCl 2 , or SnCl 2 ) on the bipyridinium groups in the MOF-253(Al) pores. It is found that the optimal composite shows an NH 3 uptake capacity of 18.0 mmol/g at 25.0 °C and 1.0 bar, which is 3.33 times that of the pristine MOF-253(Al), and the composite exhibits a much faster adsorption kinetics of NH 3 than the pristine MOF-253(Al). Significantly, the excellent NH 3 uptake capacity at low pressure allows selective trapping of NH 3 from NH 3 /N 2 /H 2 at 25.0 °C with the selectivity coefficients of 5708 to N 2 and 2320 to H 2 . Spectral measurements reveal that the synergistic action of NH 3 coordination to the metal in the MOF and the hydrogen bonding of NH 3 with both O atoms of the carboxyl groups and Cl − of the guest molecules account for such an excellent capture and selectivity. In general, the strategy developed here is simple and effective for improving the selectivity of NH 3 separation, which opens a new way for the design of high-performance solid adsorbents.
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Defence Technology
·
2023
·
IF 5.1
Jian Wang,Jie Chen,Yaofeng Mao,Yongjun Deng,Wei Cao,Fude Nie,Jun Wang
Metal (aluminum and boron) based energetic materials have been wildly applied in various fields including aerospace, explosives and micro-devices due to their high energy density. Unfortunately, the low combustion efficiency and reactivity of metal fuels, especially boron (B), severely limit their practical applications. Herein, multi-component 3D microspheres of HMX/B/Al/PTFE (HBA) have been designed and successfully prepared by emulsion and solvent evaporation method to achieve superior energy and combustion reactivity. The reactivity and energy output of HBA are systematically measured by ignition-burning test, constant-volume explosion vessel system and bomb calorimetry. Due to the increased interfacial contact and reaction area, HBA shows higher flame propagation rate, faster pressurization rate and larger combustion heat of 29.95 cm/s, 1077 kPa/s, and 6164.43 J/g, which is 1.5 times, 3.5 times, and 1.03 times of the physical mixed counterpart (HBA-P). Meanwhile, HBA also shows enhanced energy output and reactivity than 3D microspheres of HMX/B/PTFE (HB) resulting from the high reactivity of Al. The reaction mechanism of 3D microspheres is comprehensively investigated through combustion emission spectral and thermal analysis (TG-DSC-MS). The superior reactivity and energy of HBA originate from the surface etching of fluorine to the inert shell (Al 2 O 3 and B 2 O 3 ) and the initiation effect of Al to B. This work offers a promising approach to design and prepare high-performance energetic materials for the practical applications.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 7.7
Qingjun Yu,Wenjing Wu,Jinghui Wei,Jie Zhang,Shunzheng Zhao,Xiaolong Tang,Honghong Yi
Catalytic combustion is one of the most effective technologies applied to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission control, in which zeolites have been regarded as a unique support or even a catalyst due to their unique shape & size features as well as the interaction between the zeolitic structural groups and the extraneous metal species. Particularly, Mn-based zeolites have attracted great attention as a promising catalyst for their superior redox ability on account of mixed valent properties. In this work, a series of Mn-contained samples with different compositions were synthesized to investigate the role of Al and Mn in zeolite for catalytically combusting VOCs. As redox active sites, Mn is well dispersed in the form of oligomeric Mn oxide clusters on the surface to optimize catalysis. With Al and Mn introduced into zeolite simultaneously, more defects for the activation of adsorbed oxygen appeared on superficial MnO x , but Al prevented Mn being incorporated in ZSM-11(MEL) distinctly, which is a principal factor affecting the catalytic activity . Additionally, Pt was introduced to further enhance the catalytic performance, whose function in Mn-MEL was also clarified in detail via XPS and other characterization techniques. Results demonstrated that appropriate Mn/Pt ratio could create suitable surface morphology (the interface of Pt-MnO x ) for the adsorption of oxygen species via the synergistic catalytic effect caused by Pt and Mn.
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MATERIALS LETTERS
·
2023
·
IF 3
Xiaogang Guo,Shuaishuai Man,Yu Li,Taotao Liang
It is still a big challenge to design self-protected energetic films or coatings due to the performance degradation under wet conditions, even underwater using environmentally friendly techniques. Thus, this paper firstly proposed an environment-protecting method to fabricate a superhydrophobic nano-Al/NiO energetic film with uniformly distributed structures and high purity via an improved electrophoretic assembly and stearic acid modification. The nano-Al/NiO energetic film with a high contact angle (CA) of 166° displayed superior anti-wettability and self-cleaning ability, and the outstanding exothermic performance of product keeps almost stable even after 10 complete immersion cycles, demonstrating the promising practicality. Our design provide a novel strategy for substantially extending safety, flexibility and adaptability of functional energetic surfaces in real industrial applications.
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY
·
2023
·Vol. 27
·期 9
·2499-2507
·
IF 2.5
Wu Jiani,Lu Yan,Wu Huacheng,Luo Qian,Bai Zhe,Li Jun
All solid-state lithium batteries have been widely used in mobile communications and electric vehicles due to their high energy density, wide operating voltage, and long cycle life. However, solid-state electrolytes have shortcomings such as insufficient stability and low conductivity. In this study, the sol–gel method prepared the solid electrolyte Li 6.25 Al 0.25 La 3 Zr 2 Ti 0.25 O 12 co-doped with Al and Ti. The influence of Al and Ti on the structure and conductivity of Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 was investigated by X-ray diffraction, impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and inductively coupled plasma spectrometer (ICP). With optimal additions of Al and optimal additions of Ti, Li 6.25 Al 0.25 La 3 Zr 1.75 Ti 0.25 O 12 electrolyte calcined at 900 °C for only 6 h showed an ionic conductivity of 1.51 × 10 −4 S/cm at room temperature. Li/Li 6.25 Al 0.25 La 3 Zr 1.75 Ti 0.25 O 12 /LiFePO 4 all solid-state battery was assembled. The initial charge and discharge capacity of the lithium-ion phosphate positive electrode at 10 μA/cm 2 was 165.1 mAh/g and 130.1 mAh/g at room temperature. The initial coulomb efficiency was 78.9%. After 100 cycles, the discharge capacity was 149.1 mAh/g, and the capacity retention rate was 99.8% at room temperature.
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ACTA MATERIALIA
·
2023
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IF 9.4
Xudong Rong,Dongdong Zhao,Xiaofeng Chen,Xiang Zhang,Di Wan,Chunsheng Shi,Chunnian He,Naiqin Zhao
Dense intragranular distribution of nanoscale reinforcements is highly desirable since it is effective in reconciling the strength-ductility trade-off in Al matrix composites (AMCs). Herein, we report a systematic investigation on the work hardening and strain delocalization in Al-5 wt.% CuO (Al-5CuO) composite with strength-ductility synergy contributed by in-situ dense intragranular nanoscale Al 2 O 3 . Results reveal that Al-5CuO exhibits prominent hetero-deformation induced (HDI) strengthening as indicated by its larger HDI stress than effective stress. We showcase that the notable pile-ups of geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) at intragranular Al 2 O 3 result in the prevailing kinematic hardening. While the plastic relaxation dislocations (PRDs) around Al 2 O 3 generated by the release of GND-induced internal stress produce isotropic hardening. Both contribute to the pronounced work hardening of Al-5CuO. Comprehensive characterizations suggest the GND distribution with marked intragranular feature in Al-5CuO during straining, which implies the effective provoking of grain interior rather than grain boundary (GB)/interfacial zone to take plastic strain. On basis of the well-described storage and annihilation of GNDs and PRDs at the intragranular Al 2 O 3 , the microstructure-based strain-hardening model enables an in-depth understanding of the kinematic and isotropic hardening contributions by Al 2 O 3 in Al-5CuO. Systematic analysis further confirms the important roles of intragranular Al 2 O 3 in improving the strain partitioning, strain/stress transfer and strength matching across different domains of Al-5CuO, which significantly contributes to strain delocalization and hence strength-ductility synergy. This work sheds important insights on the innovative design of strong and ductile AMCs with intragranular nanoscale reinforcements for structural applications.
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PROPELLANTS EXPLOSIVES PYROTECHNICS
·
2023
·Vol. 48
·期 6
·e202300022
·
IF 1.8
Ximing Zhang,Peng Jin,Wenhao Liu,Tianqi Li,Shuang Liu,Wu Yang,Cong Zhu,Mengze Zheng,Yunjun Luo
In this work, the energetic thermoplastic polymers were synthesized with different ratios of energetic prepolymer glycidyl azide (GAP) and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and used as the binder to prepare fuel-rich propellants based on Al−Mg. The results showed that energetic thermoplastic polymer enabled the fuel-rich propellant a faster flame spread, greater flame strength, and a stronger injection effect of metal droplets. The weight loss (Δ m ) of the propellants increased with GAP content, while the weight loss rate ( D max ) increased similarly. The Δ m increased from 7.92 % to 9.86 % and D max from −0.23 % ⋅ °C −1 to −0.35 % ⋅ °C −1 in the range 100–256.5 °C. The propellant with the highest GAP content (85GAP-Prop) had the lowest apparent activation energy (150.77 kJ ⋅ mol −1 ). The average pressure rate of 85GAP-Prop burning in a closed bomb reached 7.67 MPa ⋅ s −1 and the maximum instantaneous pressure rate could reach 16.52 MPa ⋅ s −1 , significantly higher than the other propellants. The combustion products analysis indicated that the higher GAP content in the GAP-IPDI energetic thermoplastic polymer more significantly reduced the agglomeration of Al particles and improved the loosening of the combustion products. The rapid combustion gas generation characteristic and energy release of energetic thermoplastic polymer enhanced the combustion characteristics of the fuel-rich propellant based on Al−Mg, which promoted dispersion level between the metal droplets. This work provides insight into the combustion principles and performance improvements of fuel-rich propellant based on Al−Mg.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Suwen Li,Gang Wang,Keqiang Zhang,Xueqin Zhang,Lu Zhang,Wenqing Wang,Rujie He
In this paper, Al 2 O 3 functional gradient structures (FGS) were prepared by digital light processing-based 3D printing , and Al 2 O 3 /Al interpenetrated FGS was subsequently obtained by melt infiltrating. The microstructure of Al 2 O 3 FGS and Al 2 O 3 /Al interpenetrated FGS was studied. And the mechanical properties of Al 2 O 3 FGS and Al 2 O 3 /Al interpenetrated FGS under quasi-static compression loading were investigated in detail. Compressive strength , Young’s modulus, and energy absorption of Al 2 O 3 FGS and Al 2 O 3 /Al interpenetrated FGS were experimental tested, compared, and discussed. The failure behavior of Al 2 O 3 FGS and Al 2 O 3 /Al interpenetrated FGS was analyzed by experiments and FEA . This study provides a novel approach for the fabrication of ceramic FGS and ceramic/metal interpenetrated FGS with high mechanical performance.
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MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 5
·2182
·
IF 4.6
Panpan Liu,Jiafei Lyu,Peng Bai
In this study, a series of Al-doped metal-organic frameworks (AlxZr(1−x)-UiO-66) were synthesized through a one-step solvothermal method. Various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and N2sorption measurement, suggested that the Al doping was uniform and barely influenced the crystallinity, chemical stability, and thermal stability of the materials. Two cationic dyes, safranine T (ST) and methylene blue (MB), were selected for investigating the adsorption performances of Al-doped UiO-66 materials. Al0.3Zr0.7-UiO-66 exhibited 9.63 and 5.54 times higher adsorption capacities than UiO-66, 498 mg/g and 251 mg/g for ST and MB, respectively. The improved adsorption performance can be attributed to π-π interaction, hydrogen bond, and the coordination between the dye and Al-doped MOF. The pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models explained the adsorption process well, which indicated that the dye adsorption on Al0.3Zr0.7-UiO-66 mostly occurred through chemisorption on homogeneous surfaces. A thermodynamic study indicated the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The adsorption capacity did not decrease significantly after four cycles.Keywords:metal−organic framework;Al-doped;adsorption;organic dyes;mechanism
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PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Sciences
·
2019
·
IF 3.556
Xuejun Xiong,Hui Xu,Beiping Zhang,Xiaohui Wu,Hongyan Sun,Dongsheng Wang,Zhengyang Wang
Membrane filtration combined with pre-coagulation has advantages in advanced wastewater treatment . As a model of a microbial polysaccharide , research on the effect of sodium alginate (SA) on alum hydrolysis has been rare; therefore, it is necessary to gain insight into the interface interaction between SA molecules and Al species, and the role SA plays during floc formation. In this study, the interaction mechanism between SA and Al species has been investigated, by evaluating the effect of SA on floc characteristics and membrane fouling during coagulation–ultrafiltration with different Al species coagulants (AlCl 3 and preformed Al 13 ). Al 2p X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that the complexation of ligands and Al species strongly affects the reaction pathways for Al hydrolysis and the final nature of the flocs, as Al 13 can be decomposed into octahedral precipitates when SA is added. The presence of SA can affect floc properties, which have important impacts on the characteristics of the cake layer and membrane fouling. Due to the bridging ability of SA, the floc strength increased by about 50% using Al a , which was much better than preformed Al 13 , with a percentage increase of only about 6%. Moreover, the recovery factor of HA-flocs was decreased from 96% to 43% with SA addition of 0.5 mg/L. It was concluded that SA can affect the characteristics of the cake layer and membrane fouling through participating in the formation of primary flocs and altering the Al hydrolysis pathway.
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