Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Ye Guomin,Wang Xueke,Zhang Xinyang,Chen Yi,Hu Yingfei,Wu Qiang,Yang Yilan,Luo Hongyao,Yang Nailiang,Yang Peng,Wan Yanfen
Due to the significant economic losses and safety issues caused by gas pipeline leaks, timely detection of minor leaks in pipelines is crucial important. Herein, we present an intelligent liquid metal bubble generator (LMBG) chamber capable of converting mechanical leakage signals into real-time electrical feedback through the electrochemical conversion mechanism at the liquid metal interface. The proposed system exploits the intrinsic electric potential difference of a liquid metal (LM) and its oxide. The rupture of LM bubbles at leakage site activates a built-in galvanic cell between the metallic core and the oxide shell, achieving direct mechanoelectrical energy conversion. Notably, the system demonstrates sensitivity with linear voltage-volume (173.46 V·cm −3 ) and frequency-flow velocity (0.25 Hz·cm −1 ·s) correlations, as well as rapid response characteristics (0.33 s latency). Notably, the exceptional detection resolution for micro-leakages as small as 1.0×10 −3 cm 3 . This achievement in active sensing technology establishes a route for intelligent infrastructure monitoring, particularly providing a possible way for the critical need of leakage detection for gas pipelines.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Ping Hu,Jun Sun,Jialin Li,Aolin Li,Haiming Duan,Zhaofeng Wu
P-doped biomass carbon/SnO 2 heterostructure delivers 32.9k% ethylene glycol response, 0.53 ppm LoD, and sustained performance under 85% RH and 6-month air exposure. • 1D Poisson-based n-n heterojunction model reveals 0.39 eV barrier modulation and carbon-dominated depletion control for signal amplification. • DFT and experiments confirm SnO 2 (110) governs selective adsorption, while P-doped carbon modulates barrier for signal amplification, guiding sensor design. The integration of carbon materials with metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) to engineer heterojunction composites is a proven strategy for enhancing gas-sensing performance. However, the interfacial chemistry and charge transfer mechanisms governing the carbon/MOS interface remain largely elusive. Herein, an n-n heterojunction composite of P-doped biochar/SnO 2 was constructed using cotton stalks and wool as dual-biomass precursors. This system achieves highly efficient detection of ethylene glycol (EG) at room temperature, exhibiting a high response of 32.9k%, a limit of detection of 0.53 ppm, and excellent long-term stability over half a year. Mechanistic studies reveal that the preferentially exposed (110) facets of SnO 2 exhibit a remarkably strong adsorption energy of −2.829 eV for EG, which dictates the gas selectivity of the composite system. More importantly, based on the one-dimensional Poisson's equation, an electrical amplification model coupling heavy-doping and light-doping regions was established. This model clarifies that the biochar side with lower carrier concentration dominates the variation in the depletion layer width. Arrhenius fitting confirms that the introduction of P elements expands the modulation range of the interfacial potential barrier height from 0.03 eV to 0.39 eV. These results define the specific roles of MOS, which govern adsorption selectivity, and biochar, which govern gas-sensing signal amplification, at the physical level. This dual-precursor strategy enables the simultaneous formation of a tubular carbon scaffold and in situ P doping in a single step. The established quantitative physical model demonstrates that the depletion layer is dominated by the lightly doped biochar side. This work provides a mechanistic framework for understanding interfacial engineering in carbon/MOS composites, enabling rational design of advanced heterojunctions through precise control of interface properties and charge transfer kinetics.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
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2026
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IF 6
Shen Yan,Eric Brendle,Mengyuan Li,Shengyu Zhang,Xiao Dong Chen,Winston Duo Wu
Spray drying and spray freeze drying induce distinct particle structure. • IGC is highly effective in resolving molecular-level surface characteristics. • IGC-ID reveals surface leucine enrichment and elevated dispersive energy. • IGC-FC quantifies hydrophilic site reduction and maps polar surface areas. • Surface energetics serve as a quantitative predictor for wetting and release. The unpredictable wettability of pharmaceutical microparticles, often stemming from complex phase transitions during processing, frequently eludes conventional unidimensional assessments of surface hydrophilicity. In this study, mannitol-leucine microparticles were fabricated via spray drying and spray freeze drying. Their structural properties—including morphology, particle size, and polymorphism—were systematically correlated with surface energetics (dispersive energy, acid–base characteristics, and hydrophilic site distribution) as delineated by inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Increasing leucine content induced pronounced surface wrinkling, sustained crystalline stability, and resulted in larger particle sizes in spray-dried samples. Conversely, spray-freeze-dried particles maintained a relatively uniform morphology but exhibited unstable δ-mannitol polymorphs with enhanced dispersibility. IGC analysis uncovered that leucine enrichment elevated dispersive surface energy, attenuated surface basicity, and diminished the hydrophilic surface area, with these effects being more pronounced in the spray-dried samples. Crucially, both the absolute hydrophilic surface area and the fractional distribution of hydrophilic domains were identified as key determinants modulating particle wettability and release behavior. This study highlights the capacity of IGC to resolve multiparametric surface energetics, thereby advancing the mechanistic understanding of pharmaceutical particle wettability through non-invasive, high-precision characterization. Download: Download high-res image (129KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·Vol. 98
·期 35
·25920-25934
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IF 7.3
Yu Le,Gao Di,Gao Xiang,Chen Li,Kuang Xiaoqian,Li Yunfeng,Ni Yuxing,Hu Wei,Li Haijie,Guo Zheng,Huang Xingjiu
Humidity-tolerant
gas sensing remains a long-standing
challenge, as interfacial adsorption chemistry and charge transport
processes in metal oxides are intrinsically coupled to ambient humidity.
Here, we introduce a molecular programming strategy for oxide interfaces
enabled by polyoxometalate (POM)-assisted coaxial electrospinning,
in which preassembled metal–oxygen clusters function as chemically
addressable building units rather than conventional ionic precursors.
By spatially encoding distinct POMs into the core and shell of electrospun
nanofibers and inducing controlled solid-state conversion, hierarchical
oxide architectures with structurally coherent and chemically programmable
heterointerfaces are constructed. POM clusters enable interfacial
engineering during oxide formation owing to their well-defined nuclearity,
coordination geometry, and intrinsic acidity, which allow modulation
of the surface Lewis acidity, defect chemistry, and band alignment
beyond conventional single-metal salt precursors. Consequently, the
POM-derived MoO 3 shell establishes a preferential adsorption
environment for basic amine molecules while mitigating water adsorption
and hydroxyl-related surface processes. In parallel, the WO 3 core serves as an electronically continuous transport scaffold,
ensuring the efficient transduction of interfacial charge redistribution.
This separation of surface adsorption and bulk charge transport enables
a sensing mechanism primarily governed by surface chemistry, resulting
in humidity-tolerant and stable triethylamine responses across a wide
range of humidity. Beyond gas sensing, this work positions POM clusters
as a general platform for molecular-level programming of oxide interfaces,
offering new opportunities for designing functional materials with
environmentally robust interfacial behavior.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 35
·15838-15849
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IF 7.6
Xu Kejia,Zhang Yifan,Zhang Peng,Liu Daiming,Liu Chenwei,Wang Xiaolin,Zhang Guodong,Wang Fei,He Jianying
Solid-state hydrogen storage by gas hydrates offers a novel pathway for large-scale, static, and mild storage. However, its application is hindered by inherently low storage and sluggish formation rate. In this work, nanohydrogels were synthesized and systematically evaluated for their performance, recyclability, and kinetic promotion effect on H 2 /DIOX binary hydrates. The results demonstrate that both particle size and concentration of nanohydrogels significantly influence their promoting performance. In particular, nanohydrogel N3 at a concentration of 0.3 wt % exhibited the best performance, achieving a hydrogen storage capacity of 0.517 wt %, representing a 127.7% increase compared to the pure 1,3-dioxolane (DIOX) system. The hydrate growth rate was also enhanced by 106.3%, marking a substantial improvement in efficiency over traditional systems. In addition, the promotion effect remained stable over 10 cycles, indicating excellent durability and reusability. Raman spectroscopy indicates that the hydrate formed is of structure II, and its crystal structure is not affected by the nanohydrogels. In situ μ-DSC disclosed the intricate effects of nanohydrogels on crystallization and demonstrated the condition-dependent nature of their promotion performance. Moreover, distinct from traditional approaches that focus on altering hydrate structures, this novel hydrogel promotes hydrate-based hydrogen storage by a dual mechanism of interfacial regulation and enhanced hydrogen transport, offering a new understanding and technological pathway for efficient hydrate-based hydrogen storage. This study not only overcomes the efficiency bottleneck in hydrogen storage by hydrate but also contributes significantly to its widespread commercial applications by robust stability and economic viability.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Xu Wenyu,Chang Zelin,Wang Hongwei,Ding Hongbo,Zhi Chunyi,Li Xinliang
The chlorine-based batteries exhibit persistent issues with the evolution of toxic gaseous chlorine at ambient temperatures, which severely compromise conversion reversibility, cycling stability, and corrode vital battery components, despite their promising capacity and voltage. Here, we propose the coordination-locked liquefaction electrochemistry mediated by ionic liquid for constructing energetic aqueous zinc||chlorine batteries based on liquid-liquid modes. The amphiphilic ionic liquid nanoclusters optimize the halogen conversion mechanism, Zn redox, and electrolyte stability. Consequently, the zinc||chlorine battery shows long-term durability with 0.0017% capacity fade per cycle over 10000 cycles at 10.0 A g –1 , a large capacity of 541.9 mAh g –1 Cl at 1.0 A g –1 , and a high discharge voltage plateau of 1.78 V at 1.0 A g –1 . The activated one-step liquid-liquid conversion modes eliminate gas formation, corrosion, and the need for non-standard components. The synergistic interplay of multifaceted spectroscopy and computational modeling uncovers the halogen redox mechanism and the mass-charge transfer process. Furthermore, the universality and efficiency of the emergent redox electrochemistry are verified across zinc||iodine and zinc||bromine batteries, spanning conventional two-electron and frontier four-electron transfer mechanisms. This work unlocks halogen electrochemistry and establishes a transformative blueprint for designing high-performance halogen batteries.
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
·
2026
·Vol. 123
·期 12
·e2531153123
·
IF 9.5
Keyu Chen,Yu Deng,Tianming Hu,Jichun Li,Xin-Yu Huang,Chengcheng Zhu,Honggang Chen,Meihua Chen,Limin Wu,Yonghui Deng,Wenhe Xie
Periodic porous structures with interconnected pore channels and high specific surface area are widely spread in natural world. These structures guarantee rapid mass transportation and efficient biochemical reactions within organisms, thereby satisfying the requirements of complex life activities. Inspired by the periodic porous membrane and breathing process of the mammalian respiratory system, a steady nonequilibrium chemical sensing process is established to achieve high-accuracy gas discrimination based on artificial periodic porous structures consisting of metal oxide semiconductors and pulse heating (PH) technique. Owing to its highly accessible mesopores and enormous solid–gas interfaces, periodic mesoporous tin oxide (P-mSnO2) facilitates gas diffusion during PH cycles and enhances the catalytic reaction between gas molecules and P-mSnO2. As a result, the P-mSnO2 based sensor exhibits stable and enhanced overshoot peaks in gas sensing response curves, thus achieving superior discrimination accuracy (99.8%) for six gases under the assistance of convolutional neural network (CNN). Furthermore, the mechanism underlying the distinct shapes of the gas response curves is uncovered, revealing that gas adsorption capacity, gas diffusion coefficient, catalytic reaction barrier, and transferred electron numbers are crucial factors. This work lays the foundation for the development of single-sensor artificial olfactory intelligence and the exploration of periodic porous structures in diverse frontier fields.
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Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 19
·期 6
·1207
·
IF 3.7
Mingyang Xu,Xin Li,Lin Xie,Qin Wang,Gang Shi
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has become an effective and sensitive analysis tool for the detection of various molecules. Nevertheless, it is a challenge to fabricate reusable SERS substrates for detecting gaseous molecules. Here, a self-calibrated and reusable SERS substrate has been developed for the quantitative analysis of n-butylamine. The obtained substrate enhances gas enrichment capability through the coordination interaction of Fe2O3with the porous structure of ZIF-8, and strengthens the Raman signal intensity by the localized surface plasmon resonance of Ag nanoparticles. Ethanethiol is employed as an internal standard to enhance analysis accuracy. The substrate exhibits excellent quantitative analysis (linear correlation coefficient, R2= 0.996), signal uniformity (RSD = 6.3%), and batch reproducibility (RSD = 4.8%). Moreover, the substrate achieves self-cleaning through photocatalysis. After five cycles, the substrate retains high SERS activity (RSD = 3.13%), exhibiting excellent reusability.
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ACS Nano
·
2025
·
IF 16
Shanshan Liu,Nanlin Hu,Jiawang Hu,Wenting Li,Shikai Wu,Xiaoyan Ma,Yi-Xin Huo,Yuan Lu
Noninvasive odor sensing is important in environmental monitoring and medical diagnosis. The two-dimensional material MXene is widely used due to its unique sensing properties but has limitations in specifically recognizing a certain gas. This study developed a bioinspired biosensor array (BBA) whose core mechanism involved programming MXene sensing interfaces through DNA base sequences to mimic molecular recognition principles of biological olfactory receptors. Integrated with machine learning algorithms, the BBA achieved preliminary identification of cancer patients by detecting exhaled gas samples from different populations. Starting from DNA molecular length, base type, and chemical modification, different DNAs were prepared and screened by orthogonal experiments to obtain five DNA/MXene composite biosensing materials with excellent sensing properties. Combined with pure MXene, a Six-channel bioinspired biosensor Array(6C-BBA) was established, and a neural network algorithm was utilized for the preliminary validation of the real odor molecules of fruits. Finally, the high-performance 6C-BBA was used to detect breath samples from stomach cancer patients, lung cancer patients, intestinal cancer patients, and healthy people, and the array showed 86.3, 94.1, 89.5, and 86.3% accuracy. This study could offer a specific method for advanced biosensor development and reveal important applications in early noninvasive recognition of diseases.
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 2.3
Shan Chao,Mo Junhao,Wu Shanshan,Qu Junjie,Liu Chanjuan,Sun Xiaoyi,Huang Xiaohua
A series of fluorinated copolyimides containing non-coplanar triphenylamine (TPA) units was synthesized from 4,4′-diamino-3′′,5′′-difluorotriphenylamine (DMTPA), 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA), and 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) through high-temperature polycondensation. The resulting copolyimides exhibited high thermal stability, good solubility in common organic solvents, optical transparency, and enhanced hydrophobicity. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and molecular simulations confirmed that the bulky fluorinated TPA units increased interchain spacing and fractional free volume (FFV), thereby facilitating gas transport. Gas permeation measurements at 35 °C and 4 bar revealed that CO 2 permeability increased with TPA content, whereas CO 2 /N 2 selectivity remained nearly constant (~ 21). The best-performing membrane (DFPI-5) achieved a CO 2 permeability of 24.93 Barrer with a CO 2 /N 2 selectivity of 21.31, approaching the 2008 Robeson upper bound. These findings underscore the effectiveness of fluorinated, non-coplanar TPA moieties in tailoring polyimide membranes for advanced gas separation.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2022
·Vol. 33
·期 9
·6168-6177
·
IF 2.779
Chen Pu,Zhao Zhihua,Shao Zhigang,Tian Ye,Li Bo,Huang Bo,Zhang Shuaiwen,Liu Chunbo,Shen Xiaoqing
Semiconducting nanomaterials with different sizes and shapes have wide applications in the field of electronics, and one of the key pathway to improve their performance is by recombination of different materials. In our innovative work, the nanocomposites of polypyrrole (PPy) and MXene were prepared by a simple in situ polymerization reaction. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The samples were made into sensors, and the gas sensitivities of the materials were investigated under different test conditions. The results showed that the response value of PPy/MXene-12 sensor to 100 ppm ammonia at room temperature was 2.38 times than that of pure PPy and 6.38 times than that of pure MXene. In addition, the sensor has excellent selectivity and low detection limit, which demonstrate the excellent practicability of them in the field of Internet of Things (IoT).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2020
·
IF 3.99
Jingjing Jiang,Yongfan Tang,Lihua Huang,Xi Yuan,Yue Wang,Ganghua Huang,Gang Xiong,Li Zhang
Deposition in natural gas pipelines is an issue of enormous economic and security consequences. In the past, corrosion products, elemental sulfur, hydrates and sand were common deposits in these pipelines. This study demonstrates for the first time the emulsion gel-like structure of deposit collected from Long Gang gas field in Sichuan, China. Rheological testing, thermal stability analysis, oil-water-solid three-phase ratio analysis, microscopic observations, and oil composition analysis were used for further investigation of the microstructure and macro-properties. The results suggest that the deposit has a water-in-oil emulsion structure with a high internal phase. It is extremely stable at room temperature but quickly separates into the water (79.1 wt%), oil (20.3 wt%), and solid (0.6 wt%) fractions at 80 °C. Resins and asphaltenes are two major components of the oil fraction, and they play an important role in deposit formation by strengthening the interfacial film between the oil and water phases. We speculate that the accumulation of deposits in pipelines is attributed to the emulsification of oilfield chemicals with water, hydrocarbons, natural minerals, and other gas well products under the influence of high temperature, pressure, and flow rate, among others. Finally, we provide a possible solution to deal with the deposit. The results reported in this study are expected to be useful in the development of pipeline cleaning techniques and in minimizing deposit formation.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
材料科学
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