CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2022
·
IF 3.898
Da Ke,Minjia Wang,Jiancheng Ruan,Xinzhi Chen,Shaodong Zhou
Continuous preparation of pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) from durene has been studied using a fixed-bed reactor. The reaction was performed using a phosphorus-vanadium-titanium ternary catalyst. Relatively high selectivity and yield of PMDA was obtained. The in-situ characterization was combined with theoretical calculation to reveal the reaction mechanisms, and the remarkable doping effect was discussed.
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ChemSusChem
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 11
·e202200297
·
IF 9.14
Panfeng Wu,Tianyu Wang,Qi Xue,Mengkai Wang,Ruihua Zhong,Jun Hu,Zhong Chen,Danjun Wang,Ganglin Xue
Graphical Dual active sites : Ti is introduced into the δ-Bi 2 O 3 lattice (Ti−Bi 2 O 3 ) to tune its local electronic structure. The interaction of nitrogen and the bridging oxygen in Ti−Bi local lattice realizes the activation of nitrogen, and the Ti−Bi dual active sites reduce the hydrogenated energy barrier (*NN→*NNH) from 2.65 to 2.13 eV; thus, the ammonia production rate reaches 508.6 μmol g cat −1 h −1 without sacrificial agent. Under mild conditions, nitrogen undergoes the associative pathways to be reduced with solar energy as the driving force for fixation, avoiding the high energy consumption when undergoing dissociation. Nevertheless, this process is hindered by the high hydrogenation energy barrier. Herein, Ti was introduced as hard acid into the δ-Bi 2 O 3 (Ti−Bi 2 O 3 ) lattice to tune its local electronic structure and optimize its photo-electrochemistry performance (reduced bandgap, increased conduction band maximum, and extended carrier lifetime). Heterokaryotic Ti−Bi dual-active sites in Ti−Bi 2 O 3 created a novel adsorption geometry of O−N 2 interaction proved by density functional theory calculation and N 2 temperature-programmed desorption. The synergistic effect of dual-active sites reduced the energy barrier of hydrogenation from 2.65 (Bi 2 O 3 ) to 2.13 eV (Ti−Bi 2 O 3 ), thanks to the highly overlapping orbitals with N 2 . Results showed that 10 % Ti-doped Bi 2 O 3 exhibited an excellent ammonia production rate of 508.6 μmol g cat −1 h −1 in water and without sacrificial agent, which is 4.4 times higher than that of Bi 2 O 3 . In this work, bridging oxygen activation and synergistic hydrogenation for nitrogen with Ti−Bi dual active sites may unveil a corner of the hidden nitrogen reduction reaction mechanism and serves as a distinctive strategy for the design of nitrogen fixation photocatalysts.
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SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2022
·
IF 10.753
Hongli Xie,Binghong Chen,Hongjun Lin,Renjie Li,Liguo Shen,Genying Yu,Lining Yang
Continuous increasing discharge of industrial oily wastewater and frequent occurrence of oil spill accidents have taken heavy tolls on global environment and human health. Organic-inorganic modifications can fabricate superhydrophilic/submerged superoleophobic membranes for efficient oil-water separation/treatment though they still suffer from complex operation, non-environmental friendliness, expensive cost or uneven distribution. Herein, a new strategy regarding tannic acid (TA)-Ti(IV) coating and CaCO 3 -based biomineralization through simple inkjet printing processes was proposed to modify polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane, endowing the membrane with high hydrophilicity (water contact angle (WCA) decreased from 86.01° to 14.94°) and underwater superoleophobicity (underwater contact angle (UOCA) > 155°). The optimized TA-Ti(IV)-CaCO 3 modified membrane possessed perfect water permeation to various oil/water emulsions (e.g., 355.7 L·m −2 ·h −1 for gasoline emulsion) under gravity with superior separation efficiency (>98.8 %), leading the way in oil/water emulsion separation performance of PVDF membranes modified with polyphenolic surfaces to our knowledge. Moreover, the modified membrane displayed rather high flux recovery after eight cycles of filtration while maintaining the original excellent separation efficiency. The modification process proposed in this study is almost independent of the nature of the substrate, and meets the demand for simple, inexpensive, rapid preparation of highly hydrophilic antifouling membranes, showing abroad application prospect for oil-water emulsion separation/treatment.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 9.136
Miaomiao Li,Junwei Yuan,Guan Wang,Liujun Yang,Junxia Shao,Hua Li,Jianmei Lu
The key to efficient treatment of organic pollutants in water is to improve their mass transfer efficiency and reaction efficiency. Herein, a one-step construction of new metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) using 4, 4′, 4″, 4″-(pyrene-1, 3, 6, 8-tetrayl) tetra-benzoic acid as a photosensitizer ligand and Ti-In as bimetallic centers has been constructed. The results exhibited that increased specific surface area was obtained by Ti-In-MOF(1:1), which improved the adsorption performance of 50 ppm bisphenol A to 38% and facilitated it complete degradation upon light irradiation in 20 min, being much faster than that of single In/Ti-MOFs. For Ti-In-MOF(1:1), the In-MOF parts enhanced the adsorption capability, meanwhile the Ti-MOF parts based on infinite Ti-O chains realized the effective separation of photogenerated carriers. A synergistic role of adsorption and degradation achieved rapid mass transfer and excellent catalytic degradation performance. This investigation will provide a novel MOF construction strategy for efficient catalytic application in environmental pollutants.
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WATER RESEARCH
·
2022
·
IF 13.4
Kangying Guo,Zhining Wang,Jingwen Pan,Beibei Liu,Yan Wang,Qinyan Yue,Yue Gao,Baoyu Gao
In view of the insufficient coagulation efficiency of traditional inorganic coagulants, a series of Al-Ti gels with different Ti/triethanolamine (TEA), Ti/H 2 O, and Ti/Al molar ratios were prepared by sol-gel process in this study. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the Al-Ti gels preliminarily confirmed the interaction between Al and Ti by detecting the appearance of the Al-O-Ti bond. The peak shift of the chemical bonds in X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and the transformation of the hydrolysate species in the Al-Ti gels were analyzed to further explore the interaction mechanism between Al and Ti. It was found that moderate TEA could inhibit the hydrolysis of Ti precursors by taking up the coordination sites of H 2 O to form a C O-Ti bond. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation results showed that Ti could be incorporated into the framework of aluminum hydrolysates to form an Al-O-Ti bond, and [Al 2 Ti 2 (OH) x (TEA) y (H 2 O) 8-x-y ] 14-x was the most possible copolymerization hydrolysate. Based on the above research results, the most efficient Al-Ti gel was selected and applied to the actual lake water treatment. The highest UV 254 removal efficiency with the addition of Al-Ti gel was > 60%, nearly 25% higher than that of Ti gel. The hydrolysates of Al-Ti gel, such as TiO(OH) 2(am) , Al(OH) 3(am) , and [Al 2 Ti 2 (OH) x (TEA) y (H 2 O) 8-x-y ] 14-x , could remove organic matters through the incorporation of charge neutralization, adsorption, complexation, and sweeping effects. These results provide a new idea for studying the interaction mechanism between Al and Ti in composite coagulants, and have theoretical guiding significance to actual water treatment.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 10.588
Yundong Zeng,Yunlan Xu,Dengjie Zhong,Haoyang Yao,Nianbing Zhong
The development of traditional photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) is severely hindered by poor visible-light response and limited reaction space. In this study, a visible-light responsive PFC with g-C 3 N 4 /BiOI/Ti photoanode was proposed and applied to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade rhodamine B. The degradation rate, maximum power density and maximum photocurrent density of the PMS/PFC system were respectively 95.39%, 103.87 μW cm −2 and 0.62 mA cm −2 , which was respectively 1.28, 2.18, and 1.98 times that of PFC. The excellent performance is attributed to the production of more reactive oxygen species and the extension of the reaction space range after the activation of PMS. The activation pathway of PMS and charge transfer pathway of the photoanode were discussed in detail, and it was proposed that PMS was activated by Z-scheme heterojunction g-C 3 N 4 /BiOI/Ti photoanode.
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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2020
·
IF 2.369
Luxia Yin,Bo Zhang,Jinbing Zhou,Jiacheng Xu,Wanghui Gong,Jianguang Gao,Wensheng Ning,Zekai Zhang,Wei Hua Yu
Ag2O/SiO2–TiO2-n aerogel composites with different molar ratios of Si/Ti, prepared by a sol–gel method followed by the ambient pressure drying technique, were used for the adsorptive removal of thiophenic compounds from model fuels, along with Ag2O/SiO2-50. The physicochemical properties of aerogel composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, NH3 temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), and pyridine (Py) FT-IR spectroscopy. The results indicated that doping Ti into Ag2O/SiO2-50 led to a slight decrease in the specific surface area, an obvious increase in the actual content of Ag, and the appearance of weak Lewis acid centers on the surface. The data for equilibrium adsorption of thiophene over Ag2O/SiO2-50 and Ag2O/SiO2–TiO2-50 were well fitted to the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations. The kinetic experimental data of Ag2O/SiO2–TiO2-50 was well fitted by a pseudo-second-order model. For two adsorbents, negative values of ΔG indicated that the adsorption processes were spontaneous. The adsorption process on Ag2O/SiO2–TiO2-50 was more favorable at higher temperatures, which was contrary to that on Ag2O/SiO2-50. The incorporation of Ti into Ag2O/SiO2-50 can improve the adsorptive desulfurization performance owing to the increase in the actual content of Ag species (π-complexation centers), and thiophenic compounds can be adsorbed via Lewis acid–base interaction and S–Ti binding besides π-complexation. Among Ag2O/SiO2–TiO2-n, Ag2O/SiO2–TiO2-50 performed the best.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
·
2020
·
IF 4.389
Luxin Liang,Qianli Huang,Hong Wu,Zhengxiao Ouyang,Tang Liu,Hao He,Jian Xiao,Guanghua Lei,Kun Zhou
Magnesium (Mg) is well-known for its bioactivity and degradability. However, due to its low evaporation temperature and limited solubility in titanium (Ti), the fabrication of Ti-Mg alloys remains a huge challenge. In this study, Ti-xMg (x = 0.312, 0.625, 1.25 and 2.5 wt.%) alloys were fabricated by the combination of mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS). Mg mainly existed as a solid solute element in the Ti matrix, while it also existed as second-phase particles due to its precipitation and dispersion during the SPS process. At a low content of 0.625 wt.%, Mg could increase the mechanical strength of Ti by the solid solution strengthening. However, it was detrimental to material mechanical properties when the Mg content increased to 1.25 wt.%. Being immersed in phosphate buffered solution (PBS), Ti-Mg alloys exhibited a burst Mg 2+ release behavior within the first day, and then the rates of Mg 2+ release gradually decreased within the following 27 days. The results suggested that the cell viability was dependent on the content of Mg in the Ti-Mg alloys. The high Mg content (2.5 wt.%) in the Ti-Mg alloys could lead to significant cytotoxicity. However, appropriate Mg content (0.312∼0.625 wt.%) could promote cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. The Ti-0.625Mg alloy exhibited the best in vitro biological performance among all groups. In vivo results obtained by implanting the Ti-0.625Mg alloy in the femurs of rats further revealed its enhanced regenerative potential and osteointegration compared to pure Ti implants.
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JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2020
·Vol. 167
·期 14
·143503
·
IF 3.721
Yijie Liu,Xianzhe Meng,Chao Li,Yifan Gong,Juan Wang,Jiang Bo
Non-biodegradable pharmaceuticals are a group of emerging contaminants that have gained much attention because of their potential risk of inducing adverse ecological and health effects. An efficient Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5-IrO2-RuO2 electrode was prepared by Pechini method and employed as the anode for electrochemical degradation of selected pharmaceuticals (i.e., ibuprofen, atenolol, and carbamazepine). Compared its counterparts, Ti/SnO2-Sb2O5-IrO2-RuO2 exhibited higher oxygen evolution potential, lower chlorine evolution potential, larger active area, and higher stability. Unlike the negligible effect of solution pH from 4.0 to 10.0, increasing current density favored the target pollutants and COD removal. The removal of IBU was mainly attributed to the reaction with •OH, the contribution of which to IBU removal was enhanced with increasing current density. In contrast to IBU, the removal of ATEN and CBZ was mainly ascribed to the reaction with selective radical chlorine species (RCS) mainly in the form of Cl•, which was produced from direct oxidation of Cl− or indirect oxidation by •OH. It was found that the removal of ATEN and CBZ was less affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM) than that of IBU in municipal effluent. This study demonstrates that Ti/SnO2-Sb-RuO2-IrO2 is an attractive electrode for the destruction of pharmaceutical contaminants.
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 3.784
Xia Zhao,Zanling Huang,Wanying Zhang,Yuting Ke,Fushen Lu,Rongsheng Chen,Kaifu Huo,Liangsheng Hu,Paul K. Chu
Core-shell titanium carbide/carbon (TiC@C) and titanium carbide/nitrogen-doped carbon (TiC@CNx) quasi-aligned nanofiber arrays (NFAs) are fabricated on biomedical Ti-6Al-4V by a simple thermal chemical process in the presence of benzene and pyridine at 800 °C, respectively. The morphology, structure, and composition of the TiC@C and TiC@CNx NFAs are characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy , energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and Raman scattering spectroscopy. The TiC@C and TiC@CNx nanofibers consisting of highly conducting single-crystalline TiC cores and carbon shells or N-doped carbon shells have a large amount of defects and N doping endows the TiC@CNx NFAs with excellent electrochemical properties . The TiC@CNx NFAs electrode exhibits fast heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) kinetics in the Fe(CN) 6 3−/4− redox couple showing an ideal peak-to-peak potential separation (59 mV) at a high scan rate of 7000 mV s −1 . As a result, the TiC@CNx NFAs electrode has high activity in the simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA), ascorbic acid (AA), uric acid (UA), and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) as well as high sensitivity and selectivity in the determination of DA in the presence of UA, AA, and 5-HT. The linear range for the determination of DA is 0.5–180 μM and detection limit is 8 nM (S/N = 3).
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APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·Vol. 34
·期 6
·e5612
·
IF 3.14
Na Zhang,Jiaqi Bu,Yong Meng,Jia Wan,Lu Yuan,Xin Peng
In this study, Ti-Si-Sn-Sb/GAC particle electrodes were prepared by sol–gel method. The particle electrodes were characterized by SEM, XRD, EDX, and BET then used to carry out three-dimensional (3D) electrocatalytic oxidation degradation on simulated refractory p-aminophenol (PAP) wastewater. The effects of initial pH, cell voltage, aeration flow rate and initial PAP concentration on degradation experiments were investigated. Under the optimal conditions, the PAP and COD removal rates were 89.45% and 75.17% respectively. In addition, the possible degradation mechanism of PAP was further investigated by UV–Vis and HPLC. Finally, it was found that the Ti-Si-Sn-Sb/GAC particle electrodes with high catalytic activity and excellent stability could significantly improve the PAP wastewater removal efficiency.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2020
·
IF 4.65
Tianping Huang,Jianxin Zou,Huabing Liu,Wenjiang Ding
Three kinds of transition metal fluorides TMF x (TM = Nb, Co, Ti) were introduced into the 3NaBH 4 -GdF 3 hydrogen storage system via mechanical milling. Their effects on the hydrogen storage behaviors of 3NaBH 4 -GdF 3 were systematically investigated by means of DSC and volumetric methods. All TMF x exhibited promoting effect on hydrogen desorption properties of 3NaBH 4 -GdF 3 to different degrees, especially when NbF 5 or TiF 3 was added. For example, the hydrogen desorption peak temperature was decreased by 17 °C with doping 3 mol% of NbF 5 . Besides, TiF 3 improved also the hydrogen absorption capacity and reversibility of 3NaBH 4 -GdF 3 . Based on XRD analyses, the role of TMF x on the dehydrogenation and the promoting effect of TiF 3 on the reversibility of 3NaBH 4 -GdF 3 were clarified. This work helped to understand the combination effect of rare earth metal fluoride (GdF 3 ) and transition metal fluorides on the reversible hydrogen storage properties of NaBH 4 .
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