MICROCHIMICA ACTA
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2026
·Vol. 193
·期 7
·491
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IF 5.4
Chen Shurui,Weng Jiachen,Chang Hao,Xiao Kaiming,Wu Yaling,Lu Yudong,You Ruiyun
A high-performance, flexible surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensing platform designed to detect key hyperuricemia (HUA) biomarkers in non-invasive biofluids is presented. The platform employs a bimetallic nanocomposite hydrogel fabricated via a semi-interpenetrating polymer network, wherein hydroxyethyl cellulose-stabilized gold nanorods are integrated with in situ–reduced silver nanoparticles from oxidized sodium alginate within a sodium alginate/polyacrylamide hybrid network. The hydrogel SERS substrate exhibits outstanding mechanical properties with a tensile strain of up to 911.37% and excellent swelling behavior, achieving equilibrium swelling ratios of 1919.74% in deionized water and 1822.97% in artificial urine. It achieves detection limits of 2.09 × 10 − 10 M for uric acid, 1.70 × 10 − 10 M for xanthine, and 2.14 × 10 − 9 M for hypoxanthine. Spike-and-recovery experiments in artificial urine confirm recoveries consistently above 90%, validating the substrate’s excellent accuracy and reproducibility in complex biological matrices. Collectively, this work provides a novel and reliable approach for advancing non-invasive, real-time monitoring of HUA. Graphical abstract
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Advanced Fiber Materials
·
2026
·
IF 22.6
Xiao Lingfei,Huang Huayi,Ding Yunxiang,Lei Ming,Lei Qingjian,Yan Feifei,Shi Chaoran,Xu Jianbin,Cai Lin,Li Wanli
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent promising cell-free therapeutics for the regeneration of aged bone defects. Mechanical stimulation is critical in bone regeneration and significantly influences both EV secretion and cargo composition. Despite this, translating mechanically programmed EVs to clinically relevant doses remains a significant challenge. Most current scalable bioreactor systems has achieved high yields through high-density cell culture and fluid flow, yet they do not provide programmable or spatially consistent mechanical stimulation. In this study, an electrospun scaffold-enabled bioreactor was developed to integrate high-density three-dimensional macrophage culture with programmable cyclic stretching, enabling simultaneous EV scale-up and cargo programming. The interconnected fiber junction network transmits boundary-applied strain with enhanced spatial consistency, while the highly porous scaffold supports dense cell seeding and efficient EV release and collection. This approach increases EV yield by 13.8-fold compared to conventional two-dimensional culture. Fiber-mediated mechanical conditioning activates Piezo1-dependent Ca 2+ signaling and integrin-associated mechanotransduction, promotes Yes-associated protein (YAP) nuclear translocation, and remodels EV cargo composition. The resulting mechanically stimulated EVs (ms-EVs) demonstrate concurrent pro-regenerative activities, including cellular rejuvenation, vascular repair, and osteogenic enhancement, and perform favorably compared to canonical interleukin-4 (IL-4)-polarized M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles (M2-EVs). In aged rat femoral defects, ms-EV-functionalized scaffolds increase bone volume fraction by approximately 1.7-fold at 8 weeks, reduce p16 + senescent cells, and enhance CD31 + neovascularization. These findings establish electrospun scaffolds as scalable mechanobiological manufacturing substrates for the production of functionally programmed EV therapeutics. Graphical
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·5423
·
IF 18.1
Mo Xiaoyun,Huang Yongjie,Chen Haimin,Huang Junwen,Huang Kui,Zhao Suwen,Wang Xufei,Zhang Kuibo,Li Yang
The use of immunosuppressive therapies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with substantial adverse effects. In addition, existing diagnostic reagents are limited in their ability to detect local joint damage. Here, we address both these needs using a collagen-hybridizing peptide (CHP) that selectively binds denatured collagen present in inflamed joints in RA models. Light-sheet scanning and immunohistology of the inflamed ankles in RA mice pre-injected with fluorescently-labeled-CHP revealed specific CHP accumulation within matrices of the synovial pannus and cartilage that express matrix metalloproteases and cathepsin K extensively. In vivo fluorescence probing with labeled CHP enabled dynamic monitoring of collagen breakdown throughout RA progression or regression with sensitivity beyond arthritis scoring. Moreover, bioconjugation of a therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) against TNF with CHP enriched the mAb precisely within the pannus of inflamed joints in RA mice, resulting in improved efficacy relative to the native mAb and reduced systemic exposure. These findings highlight denatured collagen as a molecular matrix signature of RA lesions for diagnostic imaging and an effective target for RA drug delivery.
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Advanced Biotechnology
·
2026
·Vol. 4
·期 2
·21
·
IF 8.8
Chen Ruiqi,Zhou Zhenkun,Wang Jing,Zhang Yilin,Li Peibo,Wu Hao
Airborne particulate matter, particularly diesel particulate matter (DPM), is a major component of air pollution and poses significant risks to lung health. Tissue-resident alveolar macrophages (TR-AMs), which dominate the immune landscape of the alveoli, are essential for immune surveillance and pulmonary surfactant homeostasis. While previous studies have reported detrimental effects of particulate matter on macrophages, little effort has been made to its impact on the key physiological functions—chemotaxis and phagocytosis—of TR-AMs, the most predominant macrophage lineage in the lung. We found that DPM exposure markedly altered gene expression profiling in murine TR-AM cell line MH-S, notably downregulating genes related to cytoskeleton actin dynamics, chemotaxis, and bacterial recognition. Both MH-S cells and primary TR-AMs displayed impaired migration and phagocytosis of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus , associated with reduced filamentous actin (F-actin) polymerization and filopodia formation. Cytochalasin D treatment further confirmed the role of actin remodeling in bacterial engulfment. In vivo , DPM exposure reduced the proportion of highly phagocytic TR-AMs, accompanied by inefficient clearance of pulmonary surfactant, leading to accumulation of Periodic acid-Schiff-positive granules, elevated surfactant protein D, and excessive lipids in both alveoli and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Further compositional analysis of BALF revealed excessive accumulation of phosphatidylcholine, ceramide, and cholesterol in DPM-exposed mice. In conclusion, DPM disrupts F-actin–dependent migration and phagocytosis in TR-AMs, undermining alveolar immune surveillance and surfactant homeostasis. These results highlight a key mechanism by which air pollution compromises lung defense, offering insight into particulate matter–related respiratory disease pathogenesis.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2026
·Vol. 37
·期 17
·1347
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IF 3.2
Geng Zhihao,Yang Yujie,Ding Hongyu,Hu Tan,Ge Shaofan,Wang Xiyan,Tang Ying
The rapid proliferation of electromagnetic technology has led to severe electromagnetic pollution, driving an urgent need for efficient microwave-absorbing materials. Nickel-zinc ferrites are widely studied for this purpose; however, their inherent impedance mismatch, resulting from the large disparity between complex permeability and permittivity, leads to strong surface reflection and severely limits absorption efficiency. This study systematically investigates the regulatory effect of indium ion (In 3+ ) doping on the microwave absorption performance of spinel-type nickel‑zinc ferrites. First, Ni 0.48 Zn 0.32 Cu 0.2 Cr 0.1 In x Fe 1.9-x O 4 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) ferrite powders were synthesized via a solid‑state reaction method, with the optimal doping level identified as x = 0.1. Subsequently, using this optimal composition, a series of composite materials with ferrite to β-SiC mass ratios of 9:1, 8:2, and 7:3 was prepared via high-energy ball milling. The introduction of non‑magnetic SiC aimed to achieve magnetic dilution, thereby optimizing the impedance matching and loss characteristics of the composites. Phase and morphological characterizations confirmed that all samples exhibited a pure spinel structure, with both phases uniformly distributed in the composites. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the ferrite particles displayed regular morphology, with sizes ranging from 3 to 3.5 µm, and were well‑dispersed and mechanically integrated with the SiC particles. Electromagnetic measurements indicated that appropriate In 3+ doping (x = 0.1) improved the minimum reflection loss from -18.76 dB to -19.84 dB. Further composite formation with SiC led to a remarkable enhancement in absorption performance: at the optimal ratio (9:1), the composite achieved a significantly lower minimum reflection loss of ‑35.49 dB at 7.52 GHz, along with a broadening of the effective absorption bandwidth (RL ≤ -10 dB) from 4.0 GHz to 4.4 GHz. This work demonstrates that the absorption enhancement in the In-doped ferrite/SiC composite originates solely from the increased attenuation constant driven by boosted dielectric loss, providing a practical design paradigm for high-performance ferrite‑based microwave absorbers. These findings provide clear experimental evidence and mechanistic insights for the design of high‑performance ferrite‑based composite microwave absorbers.
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APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 110
·期 1
·156
·
IF 4.7
Xu Haoyue,Zhu Xueliang,Li Qian,Liu Yuxi,Wang Qi,Meng Xuelian
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is an acute, highly contagious viral disease caused by Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV). PPR has inflicted severe economic losses on livestock industries across numerous countries in Africa, Asia, and Europe, posing a significant threat to the survival of endangered wild ruminant species. In this study, we performed prokaryotic expression of the PPRV nucleocapsid (N) protein and prepared rabbit-derived polyclonal antibodies (pAbs). We also identified the characteristics of two mouse-derived monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the PPRV N protein. The selected mAb was labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). A double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) was established to detect PPRV antigen using rabbit-derived pAbs and HRP-conjugated mAbs. The threshold for the DAS-ELISA was determined to be 0.227. The DAS-ELISA demonstrated minimum detection limits of 0.195 μg/mL for the recombinant PPRV N protein and 250 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID 50 ) for PPRV. Of note, the assay exhibited no cross-reactivity with Capripoxvirus (CaPV), Orf virus (ORFV), Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), or Parainfluenza virus 5 (PIV5). The repeatability of the DAS-ELISA was validated with both intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation (CV%) being less than 9%, indicating good repeatability. Compared to the results obtained using the commercial ID Vet kit (ID-Vet, Montpellier, France) for PPRV antigen detection on the 240 tissue samples, the DAS-ELISA showed a concordance rate of 93.75% and a kappa value of 0.86, demonstrating the reliability of the developed method. The results showed that the DAS-ELISA established in this study is a reliable diagnostic method for the PPRV detection. Key points • Polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies against PPRV N protein were prepared. • A DAS-ELISA based on mAbs and pAbs for detecting virus infection was developed. • The established DAS-ELISA exhibits excellent sensitivity and specificity.
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ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 208
·期 8
·385
·
IF 3.4
Wang Jiahui,Zhu Yuzhang,Liu Tao,Hong Xiangyu,Liu Mi,Zhou Rui,Li Xianke,Jing Mingguo,Yang Lifang
The antibacterial strategy that utilizes ultraviolet-A (UVA)-irradiated natural photosensitizers is promising, being particularly effective against multidrug-resistant pathogens with high bactericidal efficiency and minimal resistance-inducing risk. Rutin is a natural flavonoid with wide availability, low cytotoxicity, and diverse pharmacological activities, making it a promising photosensitizer; however, its UVA-induced photodynamic antibacterial properties remain underexplored. The aim of this study is to systematically evaluate the antibacterial efficacy and mechanism of UVA-Rutin against foodborne Escherichia coli O157:H7 . In the study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize structural alterations in rutin post-UVA irradiation, focusing on functional groups relevant to photodynamic activity. Antibacterial efficacy was assessed via standardized assays including minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination, while biocompatibility was evaluated using MTT cytotoxicity assays. To confirm the antibacterial effects, physiological/structural perturbations of bacteria were measured, including cell membrane integrity, DNA damage, motility, biofilm formation, and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) production, as well as the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) measured using fluorescent probes. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze key virulence- and quorum sensing-related genes ( luxS , phoP , qseB , qseC ). Results showed that UVA-induced structural changes enhanced the photosensitizing activity of rutin. UVA-Rutin exhibited significant antibacterial activity (low MIC) and good biocompatibility, triggering the generation of massive intracellular ROS, disrupting cell membranes, inducing DNA damage, impairing motility, inhibiting biofilm/EPS production, and downregulating target genes. Collectively, UVA-Rutin exerts potent antibacterial effects via ROS-mediated structural/functional disruption and virulence gene regulation, highlighting its potential as a novel food industry antibacterial agent.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Lu Jiawei,Zhao Ziguang,Liao Xizhi,Liu Jiating,Chen Jin,Li Yuhong,Wang Yifan,Zhang Yinjun,Li Jie,Li Tao,Xiao Pengcheng,Wen Xin,Chen Yi
Conventional hydrogels typically exhibit limited elastic ranges due to heterogeneous crosslinking and restricted chain mobility. Achieving both ultraplasticity and hyperelasticity within the same hydrogel is challenging. Herein, we developed a zwitterionic hydrogel (PSM) based on a single poly ([2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide) (PSBMA). The hydrogel exhibits a reversible in situ transition from an ultraplastic state (PSM 2M , manual tensile strain ( λ ) ~ 120000%) to a hyperelastic state (PSM 6M , λ = 1200%, with full recovery within 2–10 s) by modulating chain conformation from free to entangled states through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. During the process, the PSM exhibits broadly tuneable mechanical properties with modulus of 700 Pa – 2 MPa and toughness of 15 – 8000 kJ/m 3 . Thus, this hydrogel provides adaptable mechanical responses and can accurately replicate the diverse mechanical properties of biological tissues, offering an option for materials used in cell and tissue engineering.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhang Jiakang,Yan Wenjian,Peng Cheng,Zhu Mingzhe,Li Zhipeng,Jiang Haokun,Sun He,Lan Mengjiao,Ma Mingjun,Wu Weilin,Liao Yuanyuan,Yan Cui,Su Huaigang,Zhou Zhongmin
Tin dioxide (SnO 2 ) stands as a premier electron transport layer in n-i-p perovskite solar cells (PSCs), yet interfacial defect-induced carrier recombination and energy-level misalignment impede its commercialization. Herein, we engineer a multifunctional polymeric interlayer by introducing polymerizable dimethyldiallylammonium chloride (DADMAC) at the SnO 2 /perovskite interface. The densely cross-linked P-DADMAC network reinforces mechanical interlocking, enhancing interfacial adhesion and stress dissipation. Concurrently, chloride ions (Cl⁻) from P-DADMAC synergistically passivate defects at both the perovskite buried interface and SnO 2 surface, inducing a graded n + -type band bending. This energy-band engineering reduces the heterojunction energy-level offset by 0.24 eV, thereby facilitating efficient charge extraction and minimizing non-radiative losses. Consequently, n-i-p devices achieve a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 26.34% with a fill factor (FF) of 85.84% (certified: 26.27%), while a 25 cm 2 module (active area: 14 cm 2 ) attains 22.03% PCE (FF > 80%). This work establishes a paradigm for interfacial multifunctionalization in high-performance photovoltaics.
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Science China-Chemistry
·
2026
·
IF 9.8
Wang Jingyi,Shang Tongxin,Sun Yafei,Yang Qian,Zuo Jiahui,Yao Guohua,Shen Wenzhong,Peng Linkai,Lv Wei,Wan Ying
Homogeneous catalysts have great promise for accelerating the sulfur reduction reaction (SRR) and improving sulfur utilization in Li-S batteries without sacrificing energy density. We report that the d charge of the metal site in metal porphyrin (MTPP) catalysts, which is related to the ligand exchange ability by S species, is linearly correlated to the turn-over frequency (TOF) and apparent activation energy ( E a ) in the SRR. MnTPP with a d charge of 1.22 e results in a high TOF of \(37 \, {\rm mol}_{{\rm Li}_{2}{\rm S}} \, {\rm mol}_{\rm metal}^{-1} \, {\rm s}^{-1}\) for Li 2 S precipitation. Lithium-sulfur batteries assembled with the MnTPP catalyst had a low shuttle constant of 0.018 h −1 , as well as a high reversible capacity of 994 mAh g −1 at 1 C and a stable cycling performance with a low capacity decay per cycle of 0.08% after 500 cycles. This work establishes an electronic structure-activity relationship for porphyrin-based catalysts in SRR and provides a strategy for the design of homogeneous catalysts for Li-S batteries.
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Communications Materials
·
2026
·
IF 9.1
Zhang Yuan,Pan Yong,Wu Lijie,Cao Jianguo,Su Xueqiong,Xu Jie,Xie Haixia,Gao Dongwen
This paper presents a method for enhancing the environmental stability of all-inorganic perovskite quantum dots (CsPbBr₃) through ligand engineering. To address the challenge of insufficient stability when directly exposed to the natural environment, the study employed trioctylphosphine, lead stearate, and chlorobenzene as solvents. The results indicate that the modified quantum dots exhibited self-healing behavior after 30 days of exposure to corrosive solutions used in LED fabrication processes, with a significant recovery in photoluminescence intensity. Compared to CsPbBr₃, the intensity increased by 29-fold, 104-fold, 250-fold, and 65-fold after exposure to water, ZnO, TiO₂, and Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate) solutions, respectively. Additionally, their luminescence intensity at 100 °C increased by 116%. Stability tests under various natural atmospheric conditions confirmed that the time to complete failure reached 1900 h, 5950 h, approximately 3 years, and approximately 24.5 years in humid-hot, forest, laboratory, and low-temperature environments, respectively. These self-healing quantum dots provide valuable insights for quantum dot stability research and the outdoor application of devices.
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Reaction Kinetics Mechanisms and Catalysis
·
2026
·
IF 2.1
Sun Min,Zhang Yihu,Li Bin,Wang Haiyan,Chen Peng,Li Zijiong
Nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped carbon dots (N/P-CD) were successfully synthesized via a facile and controllable electrochemical exfoliation strategy. In this approach, heteroatom doping is achieved through electrolyte engineering. Compared with conventional high-temperature or multistep synthetic methods, this strategy enables precise regulation of nitrogen and phosphorus incorporation simply by tuning the electrolyte composition, thereby providing an effective platform for the controllable modulation of the electronic structure of carbon dots. The electrocatalytic performance of N/P-CD toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was systematically evaluated in alkaline media. Benefiting from the synergistic effect between nitrogen and phosphorus dopants, the catalyst exhibits significantly enhanced intrinsic activity. Specifically, compared with undoped carbon dots, the onset potential and half-wave potential are positively shifted by 142 mV and 141 mV. Moreover, compared with the singly doped samples (N-CD and P-CD), N/P-CD exhibits a higher onset potential (0.86 V) and half-wave potential (0.76 V), demonstrating electrocatalytic activity comparable to that of the commercial Pt/C electrode. N/P-CD also demonstrated excellent electrochemical stability, as no significant shift in the CV curves was observed after 5,000 cycles, indicating the outstanding stability of the material. This study demonstrates that N/P-CD, as a low-cost and non-precious metal ORR electrocatalyst, shows promising potential in alkaline oxygen reduction systems and can serve as a scalable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional Pt-based catalytic systems.
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