RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES
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2013
·Vol. 40
·期 4
·1575-1581
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IF 0.88
Liu Feng,Wang Meiyan,Teng Xinhuan,Zhang Peizhi,Jiang Lin
A series of 2-(5-methyl-3-(4-chloro/trifluoromethylphenyl)isoxazol-4-yl)-5-arylamino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles were synthesized from 4-chloro/trifluoromethyl benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate, hydroxylamine hydrochloride, hydrazine hydrate, and aryl isocyanate by multi-step reactions. The structures of the target compounds were elucidated by IR, 1 H NMR, MS, and elemental analysis. All these compounds were tested for in vitro antifungal activities against Botrytis cinerea and Rhizoctonia cerealis by the mycelium growth rate method, and the results indicated that some compounds displayed high antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea.
研究领域:
有机化学
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植物病理学
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药物化学
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POULTRY SCIENCE
·
2026
·Vol. 105
·期 11
·107437
·
IF 4.5
Zhanbang Ma,Fangfang Wang,Bing Wang,Zhihui Zuo,Zongxi Han,Huixin Li,Deying Ma
Vitamin D is increasingly recognized as an important regulator of innate and adaptive immunity, yet its antiviral role in chickens during fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (FAdV-4) infection remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of oral vitamin D 3 supplementation on humoral immunity, tissue viral load, and immune-related gene expression in FAdV-4-infected chickens. Ninety 8-day-old specific pathogen-free chickens were randomly divided into two groups (n = 45/group) and fed a basal diet. The experimental group received oral vitamin D 3 dissolved in 0.1 mL soybean oil at a dose equivalent to 3000 IU/kg diet daily for 3 weeks, whereas the control group received soybean oil alone. After supplementation, all birds were challenged with FAdV-4. Vitamin D 3 supplementation significantly reduced tissue viral loads and increased serum antibody levels compared with the control group. At the transcriptional level, vitamin D 3 modulated key innate and adaptive immune markers, including Toll-like receptors (TLRs), avian β-defensins, and cytokines. It downregulated several TLRs and reduced the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8, while increasing the antiviral cytokines interferon-γ and IL-1β. Vitamin D 3 also increased vitamin D receptor expression, decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase, and reduced the apoptosis regulators B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) and Bcl2-associated X protein in selected tissues. In conclusion, vitamin D 3 supplementation enhanced antiviral defense against FAdV-4 infection, possibly by promoting humoral immunity and modulating innate immune and apoptosis-related responses. These findings provide new insight into the role of vitamin D 3 in limiting FAdV-4 infection and support its potential as a nutritional strategy for controlling viral diseases in poultry.
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2026
·
IF 5.2
Zhongzhou Si,Haodong Chen,Shakoor Kashif,Ting Li,Fanghui Ma,Minghui Yang
Copper nanoclusters were synthesized based on 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (P-MBA) as template. • The addition of small molecule terephthalic acid (PTA) can enhance the fluorescence intensity. • The reaction between PTA and ascorbic acid can produce a blue fluorescent substance PTA-OH. • Acid phosphatase can catalyze the hydrolysis of l -ascorbic acid-2-phosphate to AA. • A ratiometric fluorescence assay for acid phosphatase was developed. Copper nanoclusters were synthesized based on 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (P-MBA) as template (P-MBA-CuNCs). Small molecule terephthalic acid (PTA) was then utilized to modify P-MBA-CuNCs and enhance the fluorescence intensity. Individual P-MBA-CuNCs were self-assembled into nanosheet aggregates in aqueous solution due to π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding interactions. These inter-cluster interactions accelerated the nonradiative process, resulting in quenching of the fluorescence. However, there is strong interaction between PTA and P-MBA, which blocks the inter-cluster interaction of CuNCs and enhances the fluorescence emission. In addition, the reaction between PTA and ascorbic acid (AA) can produce a blue fluorescent substance PTA-OH. Acid phosphatase (ACP) can catalyze the hydrolysis of l -ascorbic acid-2-phosphate (AAP) to AA. Therefore, a ratiometric fluorescence assay for ACP was constructed based on the CuNCs/PTA system with fluorescence intensity of CuNCs unchanged and fluorescence intensity of PTA-OH increased. The assay has linear response to ACP in the concentration range of 0.01–15 U/L, with detection limit as low as 0.003 U/L. The method was successfully applied to determination of the ACP in the human serum samples. Ratio fluorescence assay for acid phosphatase based on 4-mercaptobenzoic acid templated copper nanoclusters. Download: Download high-res image (111KB) Download: Download full-size image
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MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE
·
2026
·
IF 2.2
Wang Yun,Zhang Qiang-qiang,Liu Zi-yin,Xie Zhuang-dong
The synthesis of 2-aryl-2,3-dihydroquinolin-4(1 H )-ones from aromatic aldehydes and and 1-(2-aminophenyl)ethanone catalyzed by l -proline in ionic liquids was achieved for the first time. High yields up to 88.7% were achieved. Mild reaction conditions, enhanced rates, improved yields, and reagents’ reactivity, which is different from that in standard organic solvents, are the remarkable features observed in ionic liquids. In addition, the reaction mechanism was studied using computational methods, and the results were consistent with experimental findings. Graphical abstract
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VACUUM
·
2026
·
IF 4.3
Meng Li,Haiting Liu,Guoliang Liu,Jiani Dong,Jia Gao,Binbin Zhang,Xueyong Guo,Hua Fang,Xiong Cao
Molecular perovskite energetic material (H 2 dabco)[NH 4 (ClO 4 ) 3 ] (DAP-4) has attracted significant attention. However, its high thermal decomposition temperature hinders its application in propellants. To reduce its reaction energy barrier and modulate its decomposition and combustion performance, the catalytic effect of copper fluoride (CuF 2 ) on the thermal decomposition and combustion behavior of DAP-4 was systematically investigated in this work. DAP-4/CuF 2 composites with different CuF 2 contents (1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt%) were prepared by a mechanical mixing method. Their morphology, thermal behavior, reaction products and combustion mechanism were comprehensively characterized by SEM, XRD, DSC, TG, high-speed combustion photography, XPS and MS. The results indicated that the CuF 2 significantly reduced the thermal decomposition temperature of DAP-4 with a maximum decrease of 35.2 °C and the apparent activation energy decreased markedly, dropping from 370.40 kJ/mol for pure DAP-4 to approximately 155.82 kJ/mol for the DAP-4/5 wt%CuF 2 . Combustion experiments revealed that both the combustion pressure and pressurization rate were enhanced. A possibly reaction mechanism of energy release of DAP-4 with CuF 2 was proposed that CuF 2 accelerated the initial decomposition of DAP-4 through proton transfer reactions between ClO 4 − /F − and NH 4 + , leading to enhancing the reaction kinetics. This study provided a new pathway for the design and fabrication of DAP-4-based energetic materials in solid propellants.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Yueli Liu,Zhijie Zheng,Jianeng Tao,Lizhi Wang,Wen Chen
Conventional ligand exchange strategies for FAPbI3 quantum dots (QDs) rely on polar solvents, which compromise colloidal stability and device performance. Herein, a ligand-mediated defect passivation strategy is proposed, in which 4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline (4-ATFB) is incorporated into the toluene-based solvent system during the purification of FAPbI3 QDs. The amino group of 4-ATFB coordinates with undercoordinated Pb2+ sites to passivate defects and optimize FA+ charge distribution, while outward-oriented trifluoromethyl group forms a barrier against moisture. The dual functionality stabilizes the lattice and suppresses defects during the purification process. Moreover, the carrier dynamics are significantly improved with 4-ATFB treatment, attributed to reduced defect density and suppressed trap-mediated losses, leading to enhanced radiative recombination. Consequently, the fabricated FAPbI3 QDs solar cells with 4-ATFB treatment exhibit a champion power conversion efficiency of 16.33%, representing a significant improvement over the control device (14.99%), together with exceptional operational stability that retains over 80% of the initial efficiency after 25 days of storage in an ambient atmosphere without encapsulation.
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高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2026
·Vol. 40
·期 33
·18043-18052
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IF 6
Pang Bo,Pu Baian,Peng Hao,Xue Kang,Shi Chengxiang,Gao Ruijie,Ai Minhua,Huang Zhen-Feng,Zhang Xiangwen,Zou Ji-Jun,Pan Lun
Conventional
high-energy-density hydrocarbon fuels face an intrinsic
trade-off between increasing ring number and decreasing net heat of
combustion. To address this limitation, we propose a synthetic strategy
based on tandem [4 + 2]/[2 + 1] cycloaddition. Norbornadiene and methyl
dicyclopentadiene were employed as feedstocks to develop a coupled
synthetic approach that combines Diels–Alder [4 + 2] cycloaddition
for constructing a polycyclic framework with Simmons–Smith
[2 + 1] cyclopropanation for energy enhancement. By optimizing the
reaction parameters, the Diels–Alder and Simmons–Smith
reactions achieved optimal conversions of 77.89% and 90.96%, respectively,
with selectivities of 43.54% and 85.82%. The resulting fuel fraction
exhibits a high density of 1.060 g cm –3 , a volumetric
net heat of combustion of 44.85 MJ L –1 , and a freezing
point below −60 ° C. This study demonstrates an effective
strategy for simultaneously achieving high density, high volumetric
energy content, and excellent low-temperature performance, providing
useful guidance for the molecular design and synthesis of next-generation
high-energy-density fuels.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 2.6
Jiaoe Gong,Biao Zhang,Long He,Jingxuan Qiao,Shanliang Yuan,Qifei Bo
Hydrogen fluoride (HF), a highly corrosive and toxic industrial emission, poses severe environmental and health risks, necessitating the development of efficient solid adsorbents for its capture. In this study, a series of cross-linked 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP)/divinylbenzene (DVB) porous resins were synthesized via suspension polymerization, and their HF adsorption properties were systematically evaluated. By tuning the 4-VP/DVB ratio, the pore-forming agent dosage, and the polymerization temperature, the resins' surface area, pore structure, and nitrogen content were effectively controlled. Saturation adsorption experiments revealed that nitrogen content plays a dominant role in HF uptake, whereas the contribution of specific surface area is comparatively minor. The optimized resin, WPD-25-1-0.1, achieved a high saturated adsorption capacity of 853 mg g−1. Isotherm fitting demonstrated that HF adsorption follows the Freundlich model and is exothermic with heterogeneous surface characteristics. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed a strong synergistic adsorption mechanism, where pyridine nitrogen sites act as chemisorption centers and subsequently induce the formation of (HF)n hydrogen-bonded clusters. The resin also demonstrates excellent regenerability, maintaining over 97% capacity retention after five adsorption–desorption cycles using only N2 purging at 373 K. These results highlight the strong potential of 4-VP-based porous resins for industrial HF emission control and resource recovery.
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FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
·
2026
·
IF 8
Shiyi Zhang,Tongpeng Yue,Peixuan Jin,Xinyi Zhang,Qidong Huo,Wenxuan Li,Chen Tian,Hui Dong,Yinping Dong,Yu Zhao,Deguan Li
Radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) is a serious and common complication of radiotherapy, and there are currently no effective therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the protective role of 4-octyl itaconate (4-OI), a cell-permeable itaconate derivative, against RIII. In vitro , 4-OI pretreatment enhanced the viability of irradiated intestinal epithelial cells, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and alleviated DNA damage. In a murine model of total body irradiation, 4-OI administration mitigated intestinal structural disruption, promoted crypt stem cell regeneration, and suppressed epithelial apoptosis. Mechanistically, 4-OI exerted its cytoprotective effects by modulating the SLC7A11/GPX4 axis to inhibit ferroptosis and enhancing glutathione biosynthesis. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that 4-OI treatment recalibrated radiation-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, suggesting an additional microbiome-mediated protective pathway. To our knowledge, the results represent the first demonstration of 4-OI's protective effects in RIII pathogenesis, positioning it as a novel therapeutic candidate for clinical radioprotection through dual mechanism targeting.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
He Yaofeng,Shi Zhengyang,Liu Xiaokang,Zeeshan Muhammad,Zhang Guoqiang,Han Xiaoqiang,Ma Ting
To enhance the antifungal activity of 4-(diethylamino)salicylaldehyde
(DSA), 20 salicylaldehyde Schiff base compounds (L1–L20), including
nine novel derivatives, were synthesized and characterized by MS, 1 H NMR, and 13 C NMR. In vitro assays identified
compound L5 as the most active agent, with an EC 50 of 10.797
μg/mL (2-fold higher than DSA), and pot experiments confirmed
its efficacy against cotton damping-off disease. Mechanistic investigations
via electron microscopy, transcriptomics, physiological assays and
molecular docking suggest that L5 may target fatty acid synthase (FAS)
to interfere with fungal lipid biosynthesis, disrupt energy homeostasis,
and induce oxidative stress, which triggers synergistic membrane impairment
and oxidative damage and ultimately causes hyphal death. With a novel
target and a distinctive single-target, multieffect mode of action,
L5 is a promising candidate for new fungicide development.
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iScience
·
2026
·Vol. 29
·期 10
·117739
·
IF 4.5
Lingxi Meng,Rongpu Liu,Siyi Wang,Junyi Wang,Ilya A. Vinnikov,Rong Yang,Xinyu Song,Hongming Zhang,Jiajia Wang,Wenjie Zhang
Apoptosis at bone defects drives an anti-osteogenic oxidative stress environment • IL-4 drives a pro-reparative macrophage phenotype and upregulates the Arg1 pathway • Exogenous Arg fuels efferocytosis and secretion of pro-regenerative factors • Co-delivery of IL-4 and Arg via injectable hydrogel accelerates bone regeneration Summary Host bone microenvironment is a critical factor for successful bone regeneration during implantation. In this work, we identified a spatiotemporal mismatch at drilling-induced injury sites where initial apoptosis outpaces macrophage recruitment, leading to apoptotic cell accumulation and oxidative stress that impairs osteogenic differentiation. To mitigate this phenomenon, we developed a synergistic strategy co-delivering interleukin 4 (IL-4) and arginine (Arg) to reprogram the microenvironment. Mechanistically, IL-4 recruits and polarizes macrophages toward a pro-reparative M2 phenotype, while Arg fuels the arginase-1 metabolic pathway to sustain continual efferocytosis and secretion of pro-regenerative cytokines. In a mouse bone injury model, transcriptomic and histological analyses confirmed that this strategy accelerates apoptotic clearance and establishes an M2-dominant environment, significantly enhancing early bone regeneration. Altogether, this work proposes a novel therapeutic paradigm targeting macrophage efferocytosis to resolve early microenvironmental imbalances, providing a promising therapeutic approach to promote bone defect healing and offering novel insights into optimizing host microenvironments for osseointegration following implantation. Download: Download high-res image (245KB) Download: Download full-size image
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JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Siyuan Chen,Lihao Gu,Chenglong Ye,Xinyi Zhao,Xingxing Zhang,Jianming Xu,Dan Luo,Xi Wang,Jia Luo,Jun Deng,Wei Liu
Hyperpigmentation remains a significant dermatological challenge. Although 4-butylresorcinol (4-BR), undecylenoyl phenylalanine (UPA), and stearyl glycyrrhetinate (SG) exhibit complementary mechanisms targeting these pathways, their therapeutic potential is limited by poor solubility, instability, and insufficient skin permeation. To overcome these barriers, a nanostructured emulsion system co-encapsulating 4-BR, UPA, and SG (BUS-NEs) was developed via high-pressure homogenization. The optimized BUS-NEs displayed a mean particle size of 55.01 nm, encapsulation efficiencies exceeding 90%, good stability, and a sustained release profile. Compared with Free-BUS, BUS-NEs significantly improved cellular uptake and skin permeation while maintaining excellent biocompatibility. Mechanistic studies revealed that BUS-NEs exerted superior anti-melanogenic effects by potently inhibiting intracellular tyrosinase activity, reducing melanin production, and downregulating key genes in the α-MSH-stimulated signaling pathway. Furthermore, BUS-NEs displayed robust antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, effectively scavenging ROS and suppressing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These multifunctional benefits were validated in advanced models: BUS-NEs significantly reduced melanin deposition and improved skin brightness in UVB-irradiated 3D reconstructed human skin, and demonstrated pronouncedc depigmentation and antioxidant protection in vivo using zebrafish models. In conclusion, the BUS-NEs platform successfully overcomes the delivery limitations of 4-BR, UPA, and SG, enabling their complementary, multi-target action for effective hyperpigmentation management, representing a promising nanotechnological strategy for advanced dermocosmetic applications. Download: Download high-res image (304KB) Download: Download full-size image
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