Membranes
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 7
·194
·
IF 3.6
Xiaoyao Wang,Benbing Shi
Proton exchange membranes are widely used in environmentally friendly applications such as fuel cells and electrochemical hydrogen compression. In these applications, an ideal proton exchange membrane should have both excellent proton conductivity and mechanical strength. Polymer proton exchange membranes, such as sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membranes with high ion exchange capacity, can lead to higher proton conductivity. However, the ionic groups may reduce the interaction between polymer segments, lower the membrane’s mechanical strength, and even cause it to dissolve in water as the temperature exceeds 55 °C. The porous graphitic C3N4(Pg–C3N4) nanosheet is an important two–dimensional polymeric carbon–based material and has a high content of –NH2and –NH– groups, which can interact with the sulfonic acid groups in the sulfonated SPEEK polymer, form a more continuous proton transfer channel, and inhibit the movement of the polymer segment, leading to higher proton conductivity and mechanical strength. In this study, we found that a SPEEK membrane containing 3% Pg–C3N4nanosheets achieves the optimized proton conductivity of 138 mS/cm (80 °C and 100% RH) and a mechanical strength of 74.1 MPa, improving both proton conductivity and mechanical strength by over 50% compared to the SPEEK membrane.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 5.774
Mengni Ge,Xiaoying Wang,Shaoyu Wu,Yunliang Long,Yan Yang,Jianfeng Zhang
Improvement of antifouling and chlorine resistance properties of polyamide (PA) reverse osmosis (RO) membranes have been major challenges for desalination of seawater. In this work, graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (g-C 3 N 4 NS) were incorporated into PA membranes (PA/CN) through an in-situ interfacial polymerization process. With the optimized g-C 3 N 4 NS loading within the PA-RO membranes (PA/CN100), the water permeability was improved by about 30% with a high salt rejection ratio of 99.23%. More importantly, due to the attractive features of g-C 3 N 4 NS, including N H bonds to provide more chlorine attack sites, rich oxygen-containing functional groups to capture and react with chlorine radicals, negatively charged membrane surface to repel and isolate active chlorine and pollutants, the chlorine resistance and antifouling performance of PA RO membranes were greatly enhanced. After being immersed in an active chlorine solution of 1000 ppm for 24 h, the PA/CN100 membranes show a higher chlorine resistance compared to that of pure PA RO membranes, with salt rejection decreased by 1.08% and 2.95%, respectively. Moreover, after 200 ppm bovine serum albumin (BSA) treatment, the total fouling rate was 31.2% for PA membrane and 18.3% for PA/CN100 membrane . This work provides a promising approach to improve the comprehensive performance for desalination and the trend of industrialization.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
·
水处理技术
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Zuo Guangling,Ye Hongyong,Du Jia,Ding Xin
A ternary Ag/Bi 2 O 3 /g-C 3 N 4 (Ag/BO/CN) photocatalyst was fabricated through a combined solvothermal and photochemical reduction approach for the degradation of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (CIP). Upon illumination with simulated sunlight, the optimized Ag/BO/CN composite efficiently degraded CIP, resulting in near-complete (98.14%) removal within 100 min. This remarkable property is attributed to a synergetic interaction between the Ag surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect and the S-scheme heterojunction (between BO and CN). In-situ XPS analysis and work function ( Φ ) calculations confirmed the S-scheme charge migration pathway. In this scheme, an internal electric field (IEF) prompts the reunification of less-reactive charge carriers, thereby selectively retaining the highly reductive electrons (e − ) in the conduction band (CB) of CN and the strongly oxidative holes (h + ) in the valence band (VB) of BO. Quenching experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy identified superoxide radicals (·O 2 − ) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) as the primary reactive intermediates. Moreover, the catalyst shows considerable promise for practical deployment, as evidenced by its excellent stability over four consecutive cycles and sustained degradation performance across various real water systems. Graphical abstract The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
·
2026
·
IF 4.9
Jianyi Gao,Linxia Shuang,Xiaojin Yang,Ruirui Dong,Gaoying Wang,Rong Wang,Ting Zhang
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a pregnancy-specific liver disorder characterized by dysregulated bile acid metabolism, which can lead to severe adverse pregnancy outcomes. Glycine-conjugated deoxycholic acid (G-DCA) is a small-molecule metabolite that has been reported to be elevated in the serum of patients with ICP; however, its clinical application remains limited because conventional chromatographic methods for its quantification are time-consuming, costly, and not well suited for rapid clinical screening. To address this gap, we developed a time-resolved fluorescence immunochromatographic test strip (TRF-ICTS) for the quantitative detection of serum G-DCA. Based on a small-molecule competitive binding design, the assay requires only 10 μL of serum sample and enables rapid detection within 16 min. The TRF-ICTS demonstrated good analytical performance, with a linear range of 0.05–10.0 ng/mL and a detection limit of 0.074 ng/mL, and maintained stable performance over two weeks of storage at both 4 °C and 37 °C. The results showed good quantitative agreement with LC–MS/MS measurements. Evaluation of sensitivity, specificity, and precision demonstrated that all parameters were within acceptable ranges. Clinical validation using serum samples from ICP patients and healthy pregnant women showed that G-DCA levels were elevated across different trimesters and were more pronounced in patients with severe ICP and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Overall, the developed TRF-ICTS provides a rapid and sensitive approach for quantifying G-DCA and supports its use as a complementary biomarker for ICP diagnosis and disease stratification, with potential to provide complementary insights into bile acid changes following UDCA treatment.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2026
·
IF 7.8
Liangsa You,Dianpu Ma,Feng Wu,Yuhui Xie,Yi Mei,Delong Xie,Dong Feng
Exploring electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials with thin thickness, wide bandwidth, and strong attenuation characteristics to reduce electromagnetic pollution remains a critical challenge. This study constructs Fe–Co–SnSe/graphite nanosheet composites through solid-state reaction and ball milling processes, successfully anchoring magnetic nanoparticles onto graphite nanosheets. By rationally regulating the molar ratio of magnetic components, the FCS/G-1.5 composite delivers an RLmin of −46.53 dB, corresponding to an EAB of 3.68 GHz at a thickness of merely 1.3 mm. Furthermore, a significant reduction in the radar cross-section (RCS) value during far-field simulations further verifies the practical applicability of the FCS/G-x composites. The outstanding electromagnetic properties of the as-prepared composites are mainly ascribed to the synergistic effect between dielectric loss and magnetic loss. This includes the cooperative contribution of multiple loss mechanisms, such as interfacial polarization, conduction loss, eddy current loss, as well as natural resonance and exchange resonance. This study fills the gap in the progress of SnSe-based absorbing materials and provides a reliable pathway for designing the next generation of lightweight and efficient EMW absorbing devices.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2026
·
IF 5.4
Lin Wang,Maolin Sha,Jun Zhou,Xin Wei,Chentai Cao,Zishuai Cheng,Hai Yu,Jianguo Lv
The addition of B enhances the built-in electric field in the heterojunction. • The heterojunction could effectively degrade NOR over different environmental parameters. • The possible photocatalytic degradation pathway of NOR was investigated. • S-scheme charge transfer mechanism in heterojunction was proposed Antibiotic residues in natural water have posed great risks to ecological safety and public health. There, B-doped g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 (BCN/TNS) S-scheme heterojunctions were constructed through self-deposition. The optimized 0.7BCN/TNS heterojunction exhibited superior photocatalytic activity and degraded 94.8% norfloxacin (NOR) within 90 min, the rate constant was 2.06-fold and 1.46 folds than that of TiO 2 nanosheet array (TNS) and g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 (CN/TNS). The as-prepared also displayed high stability and strong adaptability over different environmental parameters. Radical trapping experiments and ESR measurements verified that ·O 2 - was the dominant active species during NOR degradation. Photoelectrochemical measurements and theoretical calculations indicate that the introduction of B not only increases the number of active sites and broadens the spectral absorption range, but also enhances the strength of the internal electric field (IEF), promoting charge transfer at the heterointerface. This paper supports a feasible strategy for designing a superior B-doped g-C 3 N 4 -based heterojunction for antibiotic wastewater treatment. Download: Download high-res image (192KB) Download: Download full-size image B-doped g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 S-scheme heterojunctions for efficient norfloxacin removal.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 6
·417
·
IF 5.4
Xue Huiling,Cheng Guorong,Zhang Bing,Zhan Ying,Zhao Zhihuan,Lin Jianying,Cheng Yan
Carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9 (CA19-9) is a critical biomarker in clinical oncology, as its serum concentration is closely associated with tumor detection and therapeutic monitoring. In this study, a novel colorimetric immunoassay was developed for the sensitive detection of CA19-9, utilizing g-C₃N₄/Ag₂S nanocomposites as a photoactive signal probe. The nanocomposites, synthesized via a hydrothermal method, demonstrated strong absorption in the visible region and high photocatalytic activity. In the immunoassay, antibody-functionalized magnetic beads were used to capture the target antigen, followed by labeling with detection probes based on the g-C₃N₄/Ag₂S nanocomposites. Under visible light irradiation, the nanocomposites catalyzed the oxidation of 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), producing a distinct color change that was quantitatively analyzed via UV–vis spectroscopy. The method exhibited a wide linear detection range from 4.0 to 400 U/mL, with a detection limit of 1.86 U/mL, and demonstrated excellent specificity, stability, and reproducibility. Successful application to human serum samples further validated the reliability and practical utility of the assay, highlighting its promising potential for clinical cancer diagnosis and screening. Graphical abstract The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2014
·
IF 3.065
Xiaorong Wang,Pingxiao Wu,Yonghong Lu,Zhujian Huang,Nengwu Zhu,Chen Lin,Zhi Dang
In this paper, well-crystallized NiZnAl layered double hydroxides (NiZnAl-LDHs) at different Zn 2+ /Ni 2+ molar ratio (from 2 to 4) were prepared using dynamic urea hydrolysis method and further calcined at 873 K to obtain the layered NiZnAl mixed metal oxides with high photocatalytic activity. The as-synthesized catalysts were characterized by multiple techniques including XRD, FT-IR, TG-DSC, XPS, XRF, N 2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, UV–vis DRS, and SEM. Additionally, their photocatalytic properties were evaluated by degrading orange G (OG) under solar radiation, with the investigation of isothermal adsorption behavior of OG on NiZnAl-LDHs before. Several factors influencing the photocatalytic activity like Zn 2+ /Ni 2+ molar ratio of the catalyst, catalyst dosage, initial dye concentration, and initial pH, have been studied and optimized as 3, 0.5 g L − 1 , 50 mg L − 1 and neutral, respectively, with a maximum of 99% degradation of OG achieved within 100 min reaction. Furthermore, the kinetic study suggested that the photodecomposition process was well fitted to the Langmuir–Hinshelwood model and the mineralization of OG was confirmed by the FT-IR analysis of the catalyst after the degradation. Finally, a probable mechanism was proposed to explain the process of photocatalytic reaction.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2015
·
IF 4.074
Yongjun Men,Xiyan Du,Jianan Shen,Leli Wang,Zhengping Liu
The copolymer of starch grafted with polystyrene (starch- g -PS) was synthesized with high grafting percentage by utilizing the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM]Ac) as solvent and potassium persulfate as initiator. The effect of various parameters upon the polymerization were studied including: initiator concentration, styrene:starch weight ratio, the reaction time and temperature. Grafting percentages were calculated using an FT-IR calibration method, with values up to 114%. The resulting copolymer was characterized using FT-IR, SEM, WAXD and TGA, which demonstrated that polystyrene side chains were evenly distributed on the starch backbone. Our results indicate that ionic liquid dissolution of starch, prior to polystyrene grafting, is a versatile methodology for the synthesis of amphiphilic, polysaccharide-based graft copolymers, having high grafting percent.
研究领域:
高分子化学
·
材料科学
·
绿色化学
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碳水化合物化学
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 7.7
Qihang Zhao,Weiwei Yin,Muhammad Tariq Sarwar,Chao Gao,Kehui Yuan,Huaming Yang
Metal-free g-C 3 N 4 -based materials with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation through radical and non-radical reaction has extensively attracted attention for degrading pollutants in wastewater. However, the systematic study of the microstructure and activation mechanism of g-C 3 N 4 -based materials with PMS is challenging owing to the confusion of the charge transfer process and the coexistence of multiple reactive oxygen species . Herein, we develop a simple thermal annealing strategy to regulate the surface structure and interface behavior of g-C 3 N 4 /rectorite (CN/Rec) catalysts. The obtained thermal annealing CN/Rec catalyst exhibits outstanding reactivity for efficient removal of dyes via activating PMS within 5 min under visible light irrational. Benefiting from the interfacial charge transfer, large surface area and tuned active sites, thermal annealing CN/Rec catalyst indicates remarkable durability over complex conditions, recyclability after five consecutive runs and versatility for the different pollutants. This work strongly provides the mechanistic understanding of the interfacial charge-dependent PMS activation in thermal annealing CN/Rec catalysts and develops an efficient approach for actual water purification .
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Nanomaterials
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 24
·4387
·
IF 5.719
Dayu Li,Yuling Lu,Chao Zhang
The physicochemical properties of functional graphene are regulated by compositing with other nano-carbon materials or modifying functional groups on the surface through plasma processes. The functional graphene films with g-C3N4and F-doped groups were produced by controlling the deposition steps and plasma gases via radio frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD). The first principles calculation and electrochemistry characteristic of the functional graphene films were performed on Materials Studio software and an electrochemical workstation, respectively. It is found that the nanostructures of functional graphene films with g-C3N4and F-doped groups were significantly transformed. The introduction of fluorine atoms led to severe deformation of the g-C3N4nanostructure, which created gaps in the electrostatic potential of the graphene surface and provided channels for electron transport. The surface of the roving fabric substrate covered by pure graphene is hydrophilic with a static contact angle of 79.4°, but the surface is transformed to a hydrophobic state for the g-C3N4/graphene film with an increased static contact angle of 131.3° which is further improved to 156.2° for CF2-modified g-C3N4/graphene film exhibiting the stable superhydrophobic property. The resistance of the electron movement of CF2-modified g-C3N4/graphene film was reduced by 2% and 76.7%, respectively, compared with graphene and g-C3N4/graphene.Keywords:functional graphene;superhydrophobic films;electrochemical reaction;plasma processes;first principles calculation
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Yuanyuan Zhang,Yuan Zhu,Tianjing Zeng,Lu Qiao,Mingjuan Zhang,Kexin Song,Nian Yin,Yani Tao,Yue Zhao,Chang Zhang,Yi Zhang
A highly sensitive photoelectrochemical aptasensor based on phosphorus-doped hollow tubular g-C 3 N 4 /Bi/BiVO 4 (PT-C 3 N 4 /Bi/BiVO 4 ) for tobramycin (TOB) detecting was developed. This aptasensor is a self-powered sensing system which could generate the electrical output under visible light irradiation with no external voltage supply. Based on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect and unique hollow tubular structure of PT-C 3 N 4 /Bi/BiVO 4 , the PEC aptasensor exhibited an enhanced photocurrent and favorably specific response to TOB. Under the optimized conditions, the sensitive aptasensor presented a wider linearity to TOB in the range of 0.01–50 ng mL −1 with a low detection limit of 4.27 pg mL −1 . This sensor also displayed a satisfying photoelectrochemical performance with optimistic selectivity and stability. In addition, the proposed aptasensor was successfully applied to the detection of TOB in river water and milk samples.
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