FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 9.231
Chuang Liu,Zhichang Qiu,Duanyin Gu,Fangzhou Wang,Rentang Zhang
This study explored the structural characteristics of the purified blackened polysaccharide fraction (BJP-4) and its potential to alleviate colitis. BJP-4 had a molecular weight of 1.24 × 10 5 Da and mainly consisted of → 4)- α - l -Gal p A (1→, →5)- α - l -Ara f (1 → and → 4)- β - d -Gal p (1 → residues. After the administration of BJP-4, the disease activity index of colitic mice was reduced by 40.38–50.96%, accompanied by increased colon length (30.00–62.50%) and ameliorated pathological damage. The mechanisms involved regulation of the intestinal microbiota and subsequent inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF- κ B/NLRP3 pathway, balance of pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative status, enhancement of epithelial barrier integrity and production of short-chain fatty acids. In particular, high-doses of BJP-4 significantly increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria (f_ Muribaculaceae , Lactobacillus and Lachnospiraceae _NK4A136_group, 0.78–1.04-fold) and suppressed the levels of harmful bacteria (o_ Clostridia _UCG-014, Bacteroides and Escherichia-Shigella , 32.30–90.42%). These findings revealed the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of purified blackened polysaccharides, which facilitated their application in functional foods.
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FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 4.3
Fangfang Min,Jielun Hu,Tao Huang,Yousheng Huang,Shaoping Nie,Tao Xiong,Mingyong Xie
Lactobacillus ( L. ) casei NCU011054 isolated from infant feces has been proven to be a potential probiotic in vitro . The present study aimed to investigate the effects of L. casei NCU011054 on the immune response and gut microbiota in cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunosuppression mice. Results indicated that L. casei NCU011054 could increase the levels of mucin (Muc2) and tight junction proteins (ZO-1, occludin and claudin-1). Moreover, L. casei NCU011054 was found to upregulate TLRs/NF-κB pathway (TLR-2, TLR-4, TLR-6, p65 and NF-κB) and two transcription factors (T-bet and GATA-3) mRNA levels, and enhance the number of CD4 + T cells. Th1-related cytokines (IL-12p70, IFN-γ and TNF-α) and Th2-related cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) significantly increased after L. casei NCU011054 treatment. More importantly, L. casei NCU011054 increased the ratio of T-bet to GATA-3 and IFN-γ to IL-4. Apart from these, L. casei NCU011054 remodeled gut microbiota and modulated gut metabolites in CP-induced immunosuppressed mice. The correlation analysis showed that Lactobacillus upregulated by L. casei NCU011054 was positively correlated with TLRs/NF-κB pathway, and the ratio of T-bet to GATA-3 and IFN-γ to IL-4. All findings revealed that L. casei NCU011054 could improve intestinal immune dysfunction and modulate Th1/Th2 balance via TLRs/NF-κB pathway in CP-induced immunosuppressed mice.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY
·
2023
·Vol. 73
·期 2
·005648
·
IF 2.8
Rashidin Abdugheni,Dan-Hua Li,Yu-Jing Wang,Meng-Xuan Du,Nan Zhou,Chang Liu,Shuang-Jiang Liu
The human gastrointestinal tract is inhabited by various microorganisms, including thousands of bacterial taxa that have yet to be cultured and characterized. In this report, we describe the isolation, cultivation, genotypic and phenotypic characterization and taxonomy of five novel anaerobic bacterial strains that were recovered during the massive cultivation and isolation of gut microbes from human faecal samples. On the basis of the polyphasic taxonomic results, we propose two novel genera and five novel species. They areAcidaminococcus hominissp. nov. (type strain NSJ-142T=CGMCC 1.17903T=KCTC 25346T),Amedibacillus hominissp. nov. (type strain NSJ-176T=CGMCC 1.17933T=KCTC 25355T),Lientehia hominisgen. nov. sp. nov. (type strain NSJ-141T=CGMCC 1.17902T=KCTC 25345T),Merdimmobilis hominisgen. nov. sp. nov. (type strain NSJ-153T=CGMCC 1.17915T=KCTC 25350T) andParaeggerthella hominissp. nov. (type strain NSJ-152T=CGMCC 1.17914T=KCTC 25349T).
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Xinmiao Wang,Qian Wang,Yuanyuan Hu,Fawen Yin,Xiaoyang Liu,Dayong Zhou
The models of rat everted gut sac and hydrolysis by rat plasma were used to clarify the hydrolysis and transport characteristics of tyrosol-SCFA esters (TYr-SEs). HPLC-UV results indicated that TYr-SEs could be hydrolyzed by intestinal lipase, which showed sustained release of SCFAs and TYr. Meanwhile, TYr-SEs and the liberated SCFAs and TYr could cross the membrane and were transported into blood circulation. TYr-SEs were further hydrolyzed by carboxylesterase in plasma. Obviously, the hydrolysis of TYr-SEs in blood also showed sustained release of SCFAs and TYr. Especially, the rates of hydrolysis and transport correlated positively with the acyl chain lengths. Besides, the above rates of the TYr-SE with a straight chain were greater than those of its isomer with a branched chain. Therefore, the above-mentioned two-step release of SCFAs and TYr clearly demonstrated that TYr-SEs would be an effective approach to enhance the beneficial health effects of SCFAs and TYr.
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Frontiers in Microbiology
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Zhang Fangfang,Xiao Ying,Pan Liang,Yu Ling,Liu Yanfang,Li Deshun,Liu Xiaojie
Introduction: Lyophyllum decastes (Fr.) Singer polysaccharides (LDSPs) have been verified to possess strong biological properties. However, the effects of LDSPs on intestinal microbes and their metabolites have rarely been addressed.Methods: The in vitro-simulated saliva-gastrointestinal digestion and human fecal fermentation were used to evaluate the effects of LDSPs on non-digestibility and intestinal microflora regulation in the present study.Results: The results showed a slight increase in the content of the reducing end of the polysaccharide chain and no obvious change in the molecular weight during in vitro digestion. After 24 h in vitro fermentation, LDSPs were degraded and utilized by human gut microbiota, and LDSPs could be transformed into short-chain fatty acids leading to significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the pH of the fermentation solution. The digestion did not remarkably affect the overall structure of LDSPs and 16S rRNA analysis revealed distinct shifts in the gut microbial composition and community diversity of the LDSPs-treated cultures, compared with the control group. Notably, the LDSPs group directed a targeted promotion of the abundance of butyrogenic bacteria, including Blautia, Roseburia, and Bacteroides, and an increase in the n-butyrate level.Discussion: These findings suggest that LDSPs might be a potential prebiotic to provide a health benefit.
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Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
·
2023
·
IF 5.7
Wang Qiqi,Chen Huimin,Yin Mingzhu,Cheng Xue,Xia Hui,Hu Haiming,Zheng Junping,Zhang Zhigang,Liu Hongtao
Background: Bletilla striata is one of the commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. B. striata polysaccharides (BP) and oligosaccharides (BO) are one of the main components of B. striata, which have been proved to have a variety of biological activities. However, the digestion and fermentation characteristics of BP and BO are still unclear.Methods: The study evaluated different prebiotic effects of BP and BO by in vitro simulating digestion and gut microbiota fermentation.Results: The results show that the simulating saliva partly degraded BP, but had no effect on BO. The molecular weights of BP and BO remained basically unchanged in gastric and intestinal digestion. In addition, BP and BO could be rapidly degraded and utilized by gut microbiota. During in vitro fermentation, the growth rates of the BP and BO groups were higher than that of the Control group and the pH value and total carbohydrate content in BP group and BO group decreased significantly. Although the reducing sugar level in the BO group decreased rapidly, it remained at a low level in the BP group. Both BP and BO improved the composition and structure of gut microbiota, indicative of the upregulated abundances of Streptococcus and Veillonella, and the downregulated populations of Escherichia and Bacteroides. There were differences in the SCFA production by gut microbiota and antioxidant activities between the BP and BO groups. The fermentation broth of the BP group displayed a stronger suppression of O2-, but a higher scavenging effect on DPPH for the BO group.Conclusions: BP and BO displayed different digestion and fermentation characteristics in vitro due to their distinct polymerization degrees. The study point towards the potential of BP and BO as prebiotics in the application to human diseases by selectively regulating gut microbiota in the future.
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Food & Function
·
2022
·Vol. 13
·期 22
·11744-11757
·
IF 6.317
Panpan Li,Yanjun Liu,Juan Zhao,Wenjie Pan,Yuan He,Shunzhe Fu,Yuanfa Liu,Yong-Jiang Xu
Salecan, a natural β-glucan consisting of seven residues linked by β-(1→3)/α-(1→3) glycosidic bonds, is one of the novel food ingredients approved in China. β-Glucan has a variety of health-improving effects, yet its mechanism against liver injury remains poorly understood. β-Glucan can induce shifts in the gut microbiota and show health benefits; however, whether modulation of the gut microbiota by β-glucan is associated with its benefits remains unclear. Here, the hepatoprotective effect and potential mechanism of salecan supplementation using a model of CCl4-induced liver injury were investigated. After 8 weeks of treatment, salecan alleviated liver injury by regulating oxidative stress and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. In addition, salecan treatment modulated the composition of the gut microbiota, and the antibiotic cocktail treatment indicated that the hepatoprotective effect of salecan was dependent on the gut microbiota. Fecal microbiota transplantation was used to further verify this mechanism, and we confirmed that microbial colonization partially alleviated liver injury. Besides, microbiota-derived metabolites of salecan also contributed to the hepatoprotective effect of salecan against liver injury and inhibited oxidative stress. These findings supported that salecan intervention attenuated liver injury by regulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Xiaoyu Li,Siying An,Zhen Luo,Peng Zhou,Lu Wang,Ru Feng
This study aimed to investigate the modulatory effects of polysaccharides from the hard shells of Juglans regia L. (JRP) on intestinal function and gut microbiota of mice. The results showed that JRP could increase the colonic length and colonic index, and ameliorate the histological characteristics of colon. JRP had a positive effect on immunity of mice by improving immune organ indexes. Owing to enhancement of intestinal peristalsis and increase of colonic fecal moisture by JRP, the defecation time was significantly reduced. After gastrointestinal digestion and absorption, JRP was metabolized by intestinal microorganisms to produce short chain fatty acids, thereby lowering the pH of intestine. Through microbial community analysis, the composition of gut microbiota was modulated by JRP via increasing the abundances of beneficial bacteria and decreasing the richness of harmful bacteria. This study suggests that JRP can be served as an excellent prebiotic to promote intestinal health.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 7.7
Huiling Wu,Huangzhao Wei,Xu Yang,Chengyu Jin,Wenjing Sun,Kai Deng,Xin Rong,Gu Bin,Chenglin Sun
Separation of small-molecule carboxylic acids , especially acetic acid, from wastewater is challenging due to its high-water solubility, acidity, and low concentration. In this work, resin-derived spherical activated carbon (RSAC) was directly prepared from resin spheres through facile pre-oxidation and carbonization processes. RSAC was characterized by SEM, N 2 physisorption , XRD, Raman, element analysis and XPS. RSAC showed high removal rates (> 95.8 %) for a variety of small-molecule carboxylic acids. The initial adsorption capacity of acetic acid over RSAC was 23.4 mg/g and 94 % of the removal rate was retained after five successive adsorption-desorption cycles for 1000 mg/L acetic acid. In addition, RSAC showed a high total organic carbon removal rate (> 80 %) for the high-salinity effluent of catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) process. The adsorption of acetic acid over RSAC complied with the pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir model ideally, through Vander Waals force and pore-filling effect. Furtherly, discarded resin microspheres were used to prepare spherical active carbon, which showed 88.2 % removal of acetic acid (1000 mg/L). The benign scheme of “treating wastes by wastes” from economical and environmental aspects was realized.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 9.231
Xu Jing,Haoyue Xue,Xiaoyan Sang,Xiaowen Wang,Liyan Jia
A simple, rapid, and efficient pretreatment method of mefentrifluconazole enantiomers in cereal samples was established by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction coupled with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD). In this study, a novel ternary magnetic deep eutectic solvent (MDES) [octyltrimethylammonium bromide][cobalt chloride][acetic acid] was synthesized as the extractant. Acetic acid was used as the dispersant to promote the in situ dispersion of binary MDES [octyltrimethylammonium bromide][cobalt chloride]. The microdroplets of binary MDES containing mefentrifluconazole were separated by an external magnet. Device-assisted dispersion and time-consuming centrifugation steps were eliminated to ensure simplicity and rapidity of the pretreatment. Good linearity ranging from 0.01 μg g −1 to 2 μg g −1 was obtained. The extraction recovery varied from 82.9 to 95.0%. The limit of detection was 0.003 μg g −1 . Finally, this established approach has been applied for the enantioselective detection of chiral mefentrifluconazole in corn, rice, wheat, millet, and sorghum samples.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 9.231
Guijie Chen,Mingjia Wang,Ziqi Zeng,Minhao Xie,Weiqi Xu,Yujia Peng,Wangting Zhou,Yi Sun,Xiaoxiong Zeng,Zhonghua Liu
The purified fraction 3 of polysaccharides from Fuzhuan brick tea (FBTPS-3) could attenuate the colitis and modulate the gut microbiota. However, the relationship between anti-inflammatory effect of FBTPS-3 and the gut microbiota is still unknown. Thus, the anaerobic fermentation in vitro was used to investigate the potential mechanism. FBTPS-3 could be utilized and degraded by gut microbiota from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subjects. Furthermore, FBTPS-3 could modulate the composition and structure of IBD gut microbiota toward to that of healthy group. FBTPS-3 showed a superior modulated effect on IBD gut microbiota by increasing Bacteroides and decreasing Escherichia/Shigella . Furthermore, the fermentation solution rather than FBTPS-3 itself showed anti-inflammatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 macrophages, which might be due to the metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Thus, FBTPS-3 can be expected as novel prebiotics for treatment of IBD via modulating gut microbiota, and promoting the production of SCFAs.
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Fermentation-Basel
·
2022
·Vol. 8
·期 1
·25
·
IF 5.123
Wen-Tao Sun,Yuan Huang,Chang-Rong Wu,Chao Peng,Yu-Long Zheng,Chao Chen,Jun Hao
In this study, the influence of two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains [Lactobacillus rhamnosusBDy (LR-BDy) andLactobacillus buchneriTSy (LB-TSy)] selected from Southwest China on the fermentation characteristics and in vitro gas production ofBroussonetia papyrifera(paper mulberry) silage were experimentally explored. The experimental groups were a control group (C), an LB-TSy treatment (LB), an LR-BDy treatment (LR), and an LR-BDy + LB-TSy hybrid group (LR × LB). After the LAB were added, the pH value of paper mulberry silage significantly declined (p< 0.05), and the crude protein content was effectively preserved (p< 0.05). However, no significant changes were found in the levels of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and crude ash (p> 0.05). The lactic acid content in paper mulberry silage was evidently increased (p< 0.05). The in vitro gas production in the LR at 36, 48, and 72 h were markedly higher than that in the other treatments (p< 0.05). Owing to the addition of LAB, the microbial diversity in paper mulberry silage was reduced, while the relative bacterial abundance ofLactobacilluswas enhanced. Hence, the addition of LAB selected from the warm and humid region in Southwest China can improve the quality of paper mulberry silage and elevate its feeding value in this region.Keywords:paper mulberry;silage;in vitro gas production;microbial community;lactic acid bacteria
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