Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·124748
·
IF 7.5
Zaodong Sun,Yuanqiang Xu,R. Hugh Gong,Binjie Xin,Yuansheng Zheng
High-temperature air filtration requires filter that simultaneously offer thermal stability, high filtration efficiency, low airflow resistance, and mechanical integrity. However, conventional polymeric filters suffer from thermal degradation, while ceramic filters are often limited by brittleness and high pressure drop. Herein, a flexible silica (SiO 2 ) fibrous air filter (SAF) was developed through electrospinning followed by high-temperature calcination, providing a lightweight and permeable ceramic membrane for harsh filtration environments. Calcination at 900°C enabled the best balance between amorphous SiO 2 network formation and mechanical flexibility, while higher calcination temperatures induced inter-fiber sintering and brittleness. The optimized SAF filter exhibited a PM 0.3 filtration efficiency of 99.22% for PSL aerosols at a low pressure drop of ~65 Pa under an airflow rate of 5.3 cm s −1 . It also achieved an efficiency of > 97% for DEHS oily aerosols with a pressure drop of ~70 Pa. Continuous filtration tests demonstrated stable filtration efficiency over 1 h, and pressure drop maintained between 60 and 70 Pa. Moreover, the filtration performance retained unchanged after secondary heat treatment at 1000°C, and the SAF filter preserved their structural integrity under direct flame exposure at over 900°C. These results demonstrate that the flexible amorphous SiO 2 fibrous filter effectively bridges high-temperature resistance, high filtration efficiency, and low pressure drop, offering a promising membrane platform for particulate removal from high-temperature gases.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Min Sun,Yihu Zhang,Siyu Chu,Yifan Ma,Bin Li,Haiyan Wang,Shiquan Feng,Yong Wang,Yongguang Huang,Yachuan Liang,Zijiong Li
The large-scale deployment of alkaline fuel cells is still hindered by the sluggish cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and the high cost of Pt-based catalysts. Herein, interconnected Pd/carbon-dot (Pd/CD) nanowires were fabricated through an oxalic-acid-assisted coordination strategy coupled with temperature-controlled reduction for efficient alkaline ORR. Nitrogen-doped carbon dots provide abundant anchoring sites for Pd species, while oxalic acid provides a mild reducing environment and coordinates with Pd 2+ through carboxylate groups. This process regulates Pd nucleation and growth, suppresses aggregation, and promotes interfacial electronic coupling. The catalyst prepared at 40 °C exhibits a well-dispersed, interconnected nanowire architecture with abundant accessible active sites. It delivers an onset potential of 0.996 V and a half-wave potential of 0.878 V, outperforming commercial Pt/C under identical testing conditions. X-ray absorption fine structure analysis and density functional theory calculations suggest that strong Pd–CD interfacial coupling optimizes the adsorption energetics of key oxygenated intermediates and reduces the ORR energy barrier. This work provides a coordination-regulated strategy for designing efficient Pd-based electrocatalysts for alkaline fuel-cell applications.
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Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2026
·
IF 10.7
Jianru Li,Cunying Xu,Rui Luo,Qibo Zhang,Yixin Hua,Mingyuan Gao,Rongrong Deng,Mengwei Guo,Yan Li
A water-regulated DES strategy was developed for recovery NdFeB scrap. • REEs and Fe are directly separated and recycled in ChCl-OA-H 2 O DES. • REE recovery reached 97% at a solid/liquid ratio of 100 g L −1 . • Even after 10 cycles, the recycling efficiency of DES remains above 90%. • Purity of REE oxalate and FeC 2 O 4 ·2H 2 O respectively exceeds 98.8% and 97.5%. The efficient recycling of rare earth elements (REEs) from waste neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) magnets is critical for supply chain security and environmental sustainability. However, conventional recycling methods face significant challenges due to complex separation procedures, excessive reagent consumption, and the generation of substantial quantities of secondary waste. This study develops an efficient and green process for the sequential recovery of high-purity mixed REEs (primarily Nd, Pr, Ce) and iron (Fe) from waste NdFeB magnets, utilizing a water-regulated choline chloride-oxalic acid (ChCl-OA-H 2 O) deep eutectic solvent (DES). After calcination pretreatment selectively converts the NdFeB alloy into soluble REE 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 , Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize the leaching process. Under the identified optimized conditions (water content: 39.56%, solid/liquid ratio: 98.15 g/L, temperature: 91.06°C, time: 12.07 h), leaching efficiencies reached 97.81% for Nd and 99.23% for Fe. The DES system demonstrated excellent recyclability, maintaining >90% Nd recovery over ten cycles without significant performance loss. Mechanistic studies indicate that ChCl-OA has the dual functionality: selective precipitation of REE 3+ as insoluble oxalates REE 2 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 ·10H 2 O, and complexation of Fe 3+ as soluble [Fe(C 2 O 4 ) 3 ] 3- . The dissolved [Fe(C 2 O 4 ) 3 ] 3- is subsequently recovered from the filtrate as high-purity FeC 2 O 4 ·2H 2 O (97.52%) via UV-Vis photoreduction. Besides, water addition strategically reduces DES viscosity, overcoming the mass transfer limitations that plague conventional DES systems. This work establishes a sustainable, closed-loop pathway for the comprehensive valorization of NdFeB waste, directly addressing the critical trade-off between recovery efficiency and environmental impact in rare earth recycling. Download: Download high-res image (328KB) Download: Download full-size image
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2026
·Vol. 65
·期 34
·18159-18168
·
IF 3.9
Ren Xuping,Zhao Zijiang,Long Yanhui,Zhang Wenjun,Wang Jun,Zhang Hao
Developing efficient catalysts for
CO 2 hydrogenation
to methanol remains a challenge due to the inherent trade-off between
activity, selectivity, and cost. Herein, a series of metal-promoted
Cu catalysts (Zr, Zn, Ga) were synthesized via a ligand-modulated
oxalate coprecipitation strategy using malachite-derived CuO as the
precursor, enabling a low-cost and sustainable catalyst design. Among
these, the ZrO 2 /Cu catalyst (Zr/Cu = 14:86) exhibits the
optimal performance, delivering a CO 2 conversion of 13%
and a methanol space-time yield (STY) of 280.1 g MeOH ·kg cat –1 ·h –1 at 280 ° C
and 3.0 MPa, together with excellent long-term stability. Characterization
results suggest that highly dispersed Zr species effectively suppress
Cu particle agglomeration while generating abundant surface oxygen
vacancies (O V , 43.5%). Mechanistic studies indicate that
Zr incorporation induces strong electronic metal–support interactions
(EMSI), leading to the formation of electron-rich Cu 0 /Cu + sites. These sites act cooperatively with O V ,
where the former facilitates H 2 dissociation and the latter
promotes CO 2 adsorption and activation. Such synergistic
effects favor the formate-mediated pathway while suppressing the competing
reverse water–gas shift reaction. This work not only demonstrates
a high-performance catalyst derived from natural minerals but also
provides insights into the atomic-level synergy between electron-rich
metal sites and surface defects, offering a viable strategy for the
rational design of efficient catalysts for CO 2 hydrogenation.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 5.1
Yongzheng Jia,Mingyong Wang,Jiajun Xie,Yu Qing,Wei-Li Song,Shuqiang Jiao
High-arsenic vanadium pentoxide is a vanadium product from stone coal and Bayer crystallized vanadium slag. Excessive arsenic impurity is a serious limiting issue to prepare vanadium electrolyte of all-vanadium redox flow batteries. Density functional theory simulations verified that the adsorption energy, binding energy, and desorption energy of arsenic ions with typical C-OH sites on graphite electrode were higher than those of vanadium ions. Arsenic ions would occupy the reaction sites and hinder the redox reaction of vanadium ions, which deteriorated vanadium electrolyte performances. A combined strategy based on reduction roasting and sulfidation precipitation was proposed to realize deep arsenic removal from high-arsenic V 2 O 5 . Phase characterization of high-arsenic V 2 O 5 revealed that arsenic existed as As 2 O 5 (69 wt%) and As 2 O 3 (31 wt%). Thermodynamic calculations demonstrated that effective arsenic removal was feasible based on reduction roasting using V 2 O 3 and sulfidation precipitation using Na 2 S. The removal efficiency of arsenic reached 68.3 % under the reduction roasting conditions of n (V2O3) /n (As2O5) = 8:1, 650 °C and 4 h. Under the sulfidation precipitation conditions of n (S2-) /n (As3+) = 9:1, 80 °C and pH = 3, the precipitation efficiency of arsenic was 82 %. The total arsenic removal efficiency in the whole process for vanadium electrolyte preparation from high-arsenic V 2 O 5 reached 99.5 %. The arsenic content in as-prepared vanadium electrolyte was only 1 ppm, which met the requirements of China national standard (GB/T 37204–2018). As-prepared vanadium electrolyte exhibited comparable electrochemical performances with commercial vanadium electrolyte. The proposed strategy achieves deep arsenic removal of high-arsenic V 2 O 5 and is of great significance for the preparation of vanadium electrolyte.
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APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 3.5
Junhui Li,Zhiyuan Zhang,Xuesheng Xu,Jiayi Yao,Yingzhe Li,Zehao Zhou,Chuan Liu,Xulin Jiang,Yandi Hu,Kai Li,Dongqiang Zhu
The dissolution of manganese (Mn) (hydr)oxides induced by low-molecular-weight organic compounds (LMWOCs) critically influences Mn and carbon cycling, yet limited high-resolution characterization hinders mechanistic understanding. Here, we investigated the dissolution kinetics of Mn(III/IV) (hydr)oxides mediated by citric acid, pyruvic acid, oxalic acid, and hydroquinone, as well as the controlling factors (LMWOC type and concentration, pH, and coexisting ions), by real-time and in-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM), complemented by grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS) and kinetic modeling. Hydroquinone and citric acid promoted significant dissolution at pH 5 and 6, with hydroquinone dominating initially but slowing later; at pH 7, hydroquinone remained highly effective, far surpassing citric acid. In contrast, pyruvic acid and oxalic acid at pH 5, 6, and 7 showed negligible dissolution. Citric acid– and hydroquinone–mediated dissolution exhibited characteristic S-shaped kinetics with induction, acceleration, and deceleration stages, indicating an autocatalytic pathway, whereas pyruvic acid and oxalic acid showed no such pattern. Analysis of controlling factors showed that citric acid–mediated dissolution increased with increasing citric acid concentration and decreasing pH. Coexisting ions, including NO 3 − , Cl − , SO 4 2− (5–50 mM), and Mg 2+ , Ca 2+ , Zn 2+ (0.5–4 mM), inhibited the dissolution. Notably, HPO 4 2− and P 2 O 7 4− (0.1–1 mM) and Mn 2+ (0.5–4 mM) exhibited concentration-dependent dual effects on dissolution, arising from competing promotive and inhibitory processes. GIWAXS analysis revealed that citric acid–mediated dissolution of Mn(III/IV) (hydr)oxides was facet-dependent, whereas exogenous Mn 2+ promoted non-selective citric acid–mediated dissolution. This study provides insights into complex interfacial geochemical processes on redox-active minerals.
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LANGMUIR
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Fuxiao Li,Li Zhang,Siheng Han,Lei Wang
Foam stability is significantly important for enhancing oil recovery. SiO2 nanoparticles have been widely used to improve foam stability, but hydrophilic SiO2 nanoparticles are limited in improving the stability of foam because they cannot stably adhere to the gas–liquid interface; therefore, surface modification is needed to improve their hydrophobicity. In this study, silane coupling agent (KH570) was used to modify the surface of SiO2 nanoparticles, and the effects of concentration and wettability of SiO2 nanoparticles on the property of SDS foam were explored. The results show that the concentration and wettability of SiO2 nanoparticles have little effect on the foam ability but have a great impact on the foam stability. The stability of the foam increases as the concentration of the SiO2 nanoparticles increases. As the contact angle increases, the stability of the foam first increases and then decreases. The optimal contact angle for stable foam is 70.4°, at which point the foam’s half-life time with 2 wt % SiO2 nanoparticles is 1450 s longer than that of unmodified SiO2 nanoparticles (950 s); the salt and oil resistance are also the best at this contact angle. A two-phase molecular dynamics model at the foam interface was constructed to study the effects of different SiO2 nanoparticle methylations on the stability of the SDS foam. The results indicate that as the degree of methylation of SiO2 nanoparticles increases, foam stability first rises and then decreases, reaching an optimum at 40% methylation. When the methylation degree is 40%, SiO2 nanoparticles not only adsorb near the gas–liquid interface but also jam in the plateau borders, resulting in the minimum water diffusion coefficient, and weaken the repulsive forces between DS– groups and Si–OH groups, thus slowing down the liquid drainage and coarsening process, thereby enhancing foam stability.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Xin Luo,Xuan Ling,Xian Li,Zhao Wang,Xiaoran Hu
The rapid development of wearable electronics technology has provided considerable potential in the fields of motion monitoring and health management. However, current wearable sensors suffer from limitations of high stretchability to match the curvature deformation of human skin and function integration to realize simultaneous monitoring of multiple physiological signals. In this study, a stretchable bimodal piezoelectric/pH sensor is developed based on polylactide (PLLA)/polyester elastomer (PE)/carbon quantum dots (CQDs) composite nanofiber. The PE is synthesized to prossess an amorphous structure with a low glass transition temperature and mass of C═O dipoles, ensuring high stretchability and piezoelectricity, while the CQDs are designed with capacity to respond to pH variation by color change. The PE and CQDs were further blended with the PLLA matrix using electrostatic spinning technology to construct a nanofiber sensor with a bionic sponge structure. Ultimately, a PE–PLLA/CQDs–5% composite nanofiber film (PPC-5% film) shows a piezoelectric coefficient (d33) of 7.27 ± 0.05 pm/V, a wide range of pH responding capacity (pH = 3–7), a tensile strength of 4.40 MPa, and a recoverable elongation over 25%. This design not only enhances its stretchability but also ensures the sensor to realize simultaneous monitoring of motion and sweat by its sensitive piezoelectric and pH response. Thus, this flexible sensor with piezoelectric and pH bimodal response function, excellent biocompatibility, and wearable comfort provides an approach for the development of high-performance wearable sensors.
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LUMINESCENCE
·
2025
·Vol. 40
·期 6
·e70233
·
IF 3
Huan Wang,Tianfeng Ma,Wencheng Mu,Cailin Wang,Siqi Sheng,Yanyan Jia,Yongchang Lu
The Songaria Cynomorium polysaccharide-doped carbon dots (SP-CDs) were synthesized by carbonization-heating method. Songaria Cynomorium polysaccharide (PS) was the carbon source. Ethylenediamine (EDA), phosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ), and concentrated hydrochloric acid (HCl) were dopants, respectively. The SP-CDs exhibited the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength of 540 nm under the excitation wavelength of 485 nm (“ON” state). After the introduction of Fe 3+ with an intermediate bridging effect, the fluorescence intensity of SP-CDs was quenched due to the formation of the complex (SP-CDs/Fe 3+ ) between SP-CDs and Fe 3+ (“OFF” state). Subsequently, the fluorescence signal returned to “ON” due to the redox reaction between AA and Fe 3+ when ascorbic acid was introduced into SP-CDs/Fe 3+ solution. Therefore, the synthesized SP-CDs could be used as a “switch type” fluorescence sensor for detecting Fe 3+ and AA. The analysis revealed that the linear range of Fe 3+ extended from 0.05 to 500.00 μM, with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.02 μM (S/ N = 3). The scope of analysis for AA was determined to be within the range of 0.65–400.00 μM, with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.09 μM ( S/N = 3). Furthermore, the recommended fluorescence sensor was successfully employed for quantitatively detecting Fe 3+ and AA in serum samples.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Li Ling,Yingkai Chen,Weiquan Li,Jiayu Luo,Chunhua Feng,Yang Lei
Electrochemical nitrate reduction to ammonia (ENRA) offers a sustainable alternative to the energy-intensive Haber-Bosch process, while efficiently removing nitrate (NO3–) from impaired water. However, the influence of coexisting substances on ENRA performance remains underexplored. This study investigates the effects of various ionic species and dissolved organic matter on the performance of a Cu@Ni electrode, known for its high selectivity toward ammonia. In the presence of HCO3– and Ca2+, the NO3– removal efficiency remained stable at 83.2% over six cycles. This stability is attributed to the preferential formation of calcium carbonate scales at the electrode edges, driven by electrostatic repulsion between the negatively charged cathode and (bi)carbonate ions, thereby preserving active sites. Conversely, Mg2+ ions precipitated directly on the active sites due to favorable precipitation conditions induced by the elevated local pH, which impaired the catalytic performance. In contrast, Ca2+ exhibited a positive effect by forming ion pairs and condensing electric double layers. Among anions, Cl– significantly enhanced NO3– removal via electrochlorination, whereas S2– caused electrode poisoning, severely reducing the efficiency. In real NO3–-polluted groundwater, the Cu@Ni electrode demonstrated a negligible ENRA performance. However, acid or base pretreatment significantly improved ENRA efficiency from almost 0% to over 50% of NO3– removal. These findings underscore the critical role of ionic composition in ENRA optimization and highlight pretreatment as a viable strategy for enhancing performance in complex water matrices.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Shaoning Wang,Chi Zhang,Jun Ma,Lili Zhang,Zhiguo Wang
Hydrogel sensors have experienced rapid advancements due to their sensitivity in detecting motion signals and the versatility of their synthesis strategies. However, to enhance their intrinsic performance or to provide additional functionalities necessary for complex application requirements, hydrogel sensors typically require the incorporation of various nanofillers. As demand grows for sensors that are skin-friendly, wearable, and mechanically stable, cellulose nanofibers (CNF) as a natural polymer have emerged as indispensable nanofillers. Nevertheless, despite being a widely utilized natural biomass nanofiller, CNF exhibit poor conductivity, and the second cross-linked network they form often results in the improved performance of hydrogel sensors at the cost of their electrical properties. In this study, surface-active carboxyl functional groups of CNF, which were prepared through nanofibrillation and modification with deep eutectic solvent (DES), were utilized to load the organic conductor PEDOT/PSS via electrostatic attraction. This resulted in the formation of functionalized nanofillers designated as PEDOT/PSS@OA-CNF. Subsequently, PAA/PEDOT/PSS@OA-CNF hydrogel sensors were synthesized through rapid in situ polymerization using an aqueous solution of acrylic acid (AA), photoinitiator, and polymerization under UV-light. The incorporation of PEDOT/PSS enables OA-CNF to function as a nanofiller, simultaneously enhancing both its mechanical properties (stress–strain: from 2.91 MPa and 321.23% to 4.69 MPa and 512.73%) and electrical conductivity (0.12 to 0.58 S/m), and the dual-functionalization cellulose nanofillers with improved mechanical and electrical properties of hydrogel sensors were achieved. Notably, the PAA/PEDOT/PSS@OA-CNF hydrogel sensor exhibits a high sensitivity to motion detection and long-term stability. Moreover, its compatibility with 3D printing allows for the fabrication of complex shapes, making it adaptable to various practical applications. It can precisely monitor both subtle (drinking and coughing) and large-scale (joint movement) human motions, demonstrating potential applications in human motion monitoring, flexible sensors, and stretchable electronic devices.
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Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 14
·期 13
·2266
·
IF 5.1
Teng Wei,Shengyue Zhong,Bin Huang,Kang Zha,Jing Li,Qiang Wen
Camellia chekiangoleosaHu. (C. chekiangoleosa) is a typical high-altitude oil-tea Camellia species. Due to altitude being an important factor affecting crop growth and quality, the influence of environmental conditions associated with low (60 m) and high (600 m) altitudes on the economic and quality characteristics of fruit ripening was assessed in this study. Our investigations showed that altitude has no influence on the growth pattern ofC. chekiangoleosafruit shells and seed oils, and the differences in samples between different altitudes gradually decreased with the ripening ofC. chekiangoleosa. Nevertheless, matureC. chekiangoleosafruit shells and seed oils from low and high altitudes showed some differences. Specifically, the fruit shells ofC. chekiangoleosacultivated in low-altitude areas contained more soluble sugar, protein, total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and tea saponin. Meanwhile, low-altitude cultivation elevated the abundance of α-tocopherol, β-sitosterol, β-amyrinol, flavonoids, and polyphenols in mature seed oils but decreased the oil yield. Moreover, few effects of altitude on fatty acid composition were observed in mature seed oils. Cluster and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that the influence of altitude on the quality of mature seed oils was strongly associated with oil yield and α-tocopherol. Taken together, the present study suggests that when cultivatingC. chekiangoleosain low-altitude regions, more energy should be devoted to improving oil yield. The results of the fruiting process and quality trait variation inC. chekiangoleosaduring the low-altitude introduction process can provide an important theoretical basis for the introduction and cultivation of this oil-tea species.
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