FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
·
2019
·
IF 3.298
Guanghua Xiong,Yunyun Deng,Zigang Cao,Xinjun Liao,Jun'e Zhang,Huiqiang Lu
Salvia plebeia R. Br. is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that has been widely used for the treatment of many inflammatory diseases such as hepatitis. However, the underlying molecular mechanism about the hepatoprotective effects of S. plebeia remains largely unknown. Here, we investigated the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of ethanol extracts of S. plebeia (SPEE) in the zebrafish model. Firstly, we determined the chemical compositions of SPEE and identified three major constituents by using GC-MS analysis. After that, SPEE exhibited significantly antioxidant properties in the LPS-induced zebrafish embryos, and the enzyme activities of ROS, CAT and SOD were obviously inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Secondly, SPEE greatly reduced fat vacuoles (HE staining), lipid accumulation (Oil O staining) and hepatocyte fibrosis (Gemori staining) in the thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatocyte injury of adult zebrafish. Meanwhile, the NO contents and lipid metabolism-related genes were substantially down-regulated after SPEE exposure. Thirdly, we used RNA-Seq analysis to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after SPEE exposure in adult zebrafish liver. The results showed that 1289 DEGs including 558 up-regulated and 731 down-regulated were identified between the TAA + SPEE and TAA groups. KEGG pathway and GO functional analysis revealed that steroid biosynthesis , oxidation-reduction and innate immunity were significantly enriched. Mechanistically, SPEE can considerably reduce the cell apoptosis of hepatocytes and promote the translocation of Nrf2 protein from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in TAA-induced zebrafish. Moreover, SPEE can modulate various inflammatory cytokines and immune genes both in the control and H 2 O 2 -stimulated conditions. The pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-α was markedly up-regulated but the anti-inflammatory cytokines such as TGF-β was greatly down-regulated after SPEE treatment. In addition, some key genes in the TLR signaling were also activated in the H 2 O 2 -stimulated conditions. In summary, our results suggested that SPEE had an important role in the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in zebrafish in the near future. Some of the components identified in this study may be served as potential sources of new hepatoprotective compounds for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
研究领域:
药理学
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分子生物学
·
毒理学
·
基因组学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 4.679
Yonghua Cui,Yi Che,Hongxin Wang
A large number of studies showed that aluminum (Al) has potential neurotoxicity to human and animal bodies. Al-treated animals showed anxiety-like behavior, oxidative stress , neuroinflammation and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) changes. Bergamot essential oil (BEO) is a kind of well-known plant extract from the fresh fruit of bergamot. Previous studies suggested that BEO improved mood and relieved symptoms of stress-induced anxiety. This study was designed to study the effects of BEO on anxiety-like behavior, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and GABA system in aluminum trichloride (AlCl 3 ) treated rats. Results showed that AlCl 3 exposure induced anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze and the open field test. Moreover, AlCl 3 exposure decreased the level of GABA and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the hippocampus (HP) and the frontal cortex (FC). In addition, AlCl 3 exposure increased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and the levels of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the HP and the FC. To the contrary, co-administration of BEO and AlCl 3 improved the anxiety-like behavior, GABA system, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. These results indicated that BEO can alleviate the anxiety-like behavior of AlCl 3 -exposed rats through the combined action of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and GABA regulation.
研究领域:
神经毒理学
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药理学
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行为神经科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Qianzi Chen,Xuekui Nie,Wangxiang Huang,Chen Wang,Ren Lai,Qiumin Lu,Qiyi He,Xiaodong Yu
Chicken meat processing generates a substantial number of byproducts, which are either underutilized or improperly disposed. In this study, we employed in silico approaches to identify antioxidant peptides in chicken liver byproducts. Notably, the peptide WYR exhibited remarkable 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical scavenging activity with an IC 50 of 0.13 ± 0.01 mg/mL and demonstrated stability under various conditions, including thermal, pH, NaCl, and simulated gastrointestinal digestion. Molecular docking analysis revealed significant hydrogen bonding interactions, while molecular dynamics showed differential stability with ABTS and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). WYR exhibited improved stress resistance, decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), and modulated the expression of crucial genes through the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IIS) signaling pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and heat shock transcription factor-1 (HSF-1) pathways. These effects collectively contributed to the extension of Caenorhabditis elegans ' lifespan. This study not only provides an effective method for antioxidant peptide analysis but also highlights the potential for enhancing the utilization of poultry byproducts.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物技术
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分子生物学
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衰老研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2024
·
IF 8.2
Jing Song,Fengyun Huang,Kun Ma,Rui Ding,Kai Tan,Dan Lv,Kiyoshi Soyano,Kai Zhao
Bifenthrin (BF) is a broad-spectrum insecticide that has gained widespread use due to its high effectiveness. However, there is limited research on the potential toxic effects of bifenthrin pollution on amphibians. This study aimed to investigate the 50 % lethal concentration (LC 50 ) and safety concentration of Chinese giant salamanders (CGS) exposed to BF (at 0, 6.25,12.5,25 and 50 μg/L BF) for 96 h. Subsequently, CGS were exposed to BF (at 0, 0.04, and 4 μg/L BF) for one week to investigate its toxic effects. Clinical poisoning symptoms, liver pathology, oxidative stress factors, DNA damage, and transcriptome differences were observed and analyzed. The results indicate that exposure to BF at 4 μg/L significantly decreased the adenosine-triphosphate (ATP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) contents in the brain, liver, and kidney of CGS. Additionally, the study found that the malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) contents were increased. The liver tissue exhibited significant inflammatory reactions and structural malformations. RNA-seq analysis of the liver showed that BF caused abnormal antioxidant indices of CGS. This affected molecular function genes such as catalytic activity, ATP-dependent activity, metabolic processes, signaling and immune system processes, behavior, and detoxification, which were significantly upregulated, resulting in the differential genes significantly enriched in the calcium signaling pathway, PPARα signaling pathway and NF-kB signaling pathway. The results suggest that BF induces the abnormal production of free radicals, which overwhelms the body's self-defense system, leading to varying degrees of oxidative stress. This can result in oxidative damage, DNA damage, abnormal lipid metabolism, autoimmune diseases, clinical poisoning symptoms, and tissue inflammation. This work provides a theoretical basis for the rational application of bifenthrin and environmental risk assessment, as well as scientific guidance for the conservation of amphibian populations.
研究领域:
环境毒理学
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两栖生物学
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分子生物学
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生态毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Jianjun Chen,Yinyin Wei,Jiameng Zhou,Xianglin Cao,Rongjie Yuan,Yaoyajie Lu,Yi Guo,Xue Shao,Weidi Sun,Mengtao Jia,Xiuli Chen
Tributyltin (TBT) can be used as an antifouling agent with anticorrosive, antiseptic and antifungal properties and is widely used in wood preservation and ship painting. However, it has recently been found that TBT can be harmful to aquatic organisms. In this study, to gain insight into the effects of TBT with respect to the development of the cardiovascular system in zebrafish embryos, zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of TBT solutions (0.2 μg/L, 1 μg/L, and 2 μg/L) at 2 h post-fertilization (hpf) TBT exposure resulted in decreased hatchability and heart rate, deformed features such as pericardial edema, yolk sac edema, and spinal curvature in zebrafish embryos, and impaired heart development. Expression of cardiac development-related genes ( vmhc , myh6 , nkx2.5 , tbx5a , gata4 , tbx2b , nppa ) is dysregulated. Transgenic zebrafish Tg ( fli1 : EGFP) were used to explore the effects of TBT exposure on vascular development. It was found that TBT exposure could lead to impaired development of intersegmental vessels (ISVs), common cardinal vein (CCV), subintestinal vessels (SIVs) and cerebrovascular. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway-related genes ( flt1 , flt4 , kdr , vegfa ) was downregulated. Biochemical indices showed that ROS and MDA levels were significantly elevated and that SOD and CAT activities were significantly reduced. The expression of key genes for prostacyclin synthesis ( pla2 , ptgs2a , ptgs2b , ptgis , ptgs1 ) is abnormal. Therefore, it is possible that oxidative stress induced by TBT exposure leads to the blockage of arachidonic acid (AA) production in zebrafish embryos, which affects prostacyclin synthesis and consequently the normal development of the heart and blood vessels in zebrafish embryos.
研究领域:
环境毒理学
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发育生物学
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水生毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Metabolites
·
2024
·Vol. 14
·期 8
·449
·
IF 3.4
Min Li,Zhenfang Shang,Yonglan Ma,Huijun Zhao,Zhijing Ni,Zhaojun Wei,Xiu Zhang
This study investigates the growth tolerance mechanisms ofChlorella pyrenoidosato 3-fluorophenol and its removal efficiency by algal cells. Our results indicate thatC. pyrenoidosacan tolerate up to 100 mg/L of 3-fluorophenol, exhibiting a significant hormesis effect characterized by initial inhibition followed by promotion of growth. InC. pyrenoidosacells, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), were higher than or comparable to the control group. Metabolic analysis revealed that the 3-fluorophenol treatment activated pathways, such as glycerol phospholipid metabolism, autophagy, glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, contributed to the stabilization of cell membrane structures and enhanced cell repair capacity. After 240 h of treatment, over 50% of 3-fluorophenol was removed by algal cells, primarily through adsorption. Thus,C. pyrenoidosashows potential as an effective biosorbent for the bioremediation of 3-fluorophenol.
研究领域:
环境科学
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生物技术
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微生物学
·
生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2024
·
IF 7.6
Xinxin Jiang,Jingfei Long,Yanzhen Song,Xiaoyu Qi,Ping Li,Kuiquan Pan,Chenyang Yan,Hongzhou Xu,Haixia Liu
The transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in pathogenic bacteria affects culture animal health, endangers food safety, and thus gravely threatens public health. However, information about the effect of disinfectants - triclosan (TCS) on ARGs dissemination of bacterial pathogens in aquatic animals is still limited. One Citrobacter freundii ( C. freundii ) strain harboring tet (X4)-resistant plasmid was isolated from farmed grass carp guts, and subsequently conjugative transfer frequency from C. freundii to Escherichia coli C600 ( E. coli C600) was analyzed under different mating time, temperature, and ratio. The effect of different concentrations of TCS (0.02, 0.2, 2, 20, 200 and 2000 μg/L) on the conjugative transfer was detected. The optimum conditions for conjugative transfer were at 37 °C for 8h with mating ratio of 2:1 or 1:1 ( C. freundii : E. coli C600). The conjugative transfer frequency was significantly promoted under TCS treatment and reached the maximum value under 2.00 μg/L TCS with 18.39 times that of the control group. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities, cell membrane permeability of C. freundii and E. coli C600 were obviously increased under TCS stress. Scanning electron microscope showed that the cell membrane surface of the conjugative strains was wrinkled and pitted, even broken at 2.00 μg/L TCS, while lysed or even ruptured at 200.00 μg/L TCS. In addition, TCS up-regulated expression levels of oxidative stress genes ( kat E, hem F, bcp , hem A, kat G, ahp F, and ahp C) and cell membrane-related genes ( fim C, bam E and omp A) of donor and recipient bacteria. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment demonstrated significant changes in categories relevant to pilus, porin activity, transmembrane transporter activity, transferase activity, hydrolase activity, material transport and metabolism. Taken together, a tet (X4)-resistant plasmid could horizontal transmission among different pathogens, while TCS can promote the propagation of the resistant plasmid.
研究领域:
微生物学
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分子生物学
·
环境科学
·
水产养殖
·
公共卫生
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology
·
2022
·
IF 6.064
Yuanyao Dou,Yimin Zhang,Caiyu Lin,Rui Han,Yubo Wang,Di Wu,Jie Zheng,Conghua Lu,Liling Tang,Yong He
Multiple component integration to achieve both therapy and diagnosis in a single theranostic nanosystem has aroused great research interest in the medical investigator. This study aimed to construct a novel theranostic nanoplatform ferrite and ceria co-engineered mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Fe/Ce-MSN) antioxidant agent though a facile metal Fe/Ce-codoping approach in the MSN framework. The resulted Fe 3+ -incorporated ceria-based MSN nanoparticles possessing a higher Ce 3+ -to-Ce 4+ ratio than those revealed by ceria-only nanoparticles. The as-prepared Fe/Ce-MSN nanoparticles exhibited an excellent efficiency in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), which is attributed to improving the superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetics activity by increasing Ce 3+ content and maintaining a higher activity of catalase (CAT) mimetics via including ferrite ion in nanoparticles. The fast Fe/Ce-MSN biodegradation, which is sensitive to the mild acidic microenvironment of inflammation, can accelerate Fe/Ce ion release, and the freed Fe ions enhanced T 2 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the inflammation site. PEGylated Fe/Ce-MSN nanoparticles in vitro cell models significantly attenuated ROS-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in macrophages by scavenging overproduced intracellular ROS. More importantly, Fe/Ce-MSN-PEG NPs exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) levels in vitro . Additionally, it can promote the macrophages polarization of pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype towards an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Thus, the novel pH-responsive theranostic nanoplatform shows great promise for inflammation and oxidative stress-associated disease treatment.
研究领域:
纳米技术
·
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
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药学
·
炎症研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Environmental Science-Nano
·
2023
·Vol. 10
·期 12
·3389-3400
·
IF 7.3
Shuoli Ma,Wen-Xiong Wang
Marine hydrosphere is in grave danger if extreme weather conditions, such as high temperatures and heat waves, become the norm. The functional characteristics of nano Zn oxides (nZnO) might provide a “booster substance” that helps marine species to endure environmental stress. In the present study, physiological indicators and simulated severe environments were used to evaluate the antioxidative ability of nZnO in marine rabbitfish Siganus fuscescens, with an aim to help them resist extreme environmental stress. Rabbitfish were exposed to different diets with ZnSO4 and nZnO at the optimum requirement level (Zn content of 62.5 μg g−1), and then challenged with a low dissolved oxygen concentration and higher temperature. We demonstrated that dietary nZnO promoted the anti-oxidation defense system of the rabbitfish by improving the activities of the antioxidant enzymes, i.e., catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio without tissue damage. Compound stressors reduced the median survival duration of the rabbitfish from 4.25 h to 2.5 h (dietary exposure) and 9 h to 5.75 h (dietary nZnO exposure) compared to single environmental stress. nZnO downregulated the HIF gene expression and increased the prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) activity in the liver of the rabbitfish. After 10 h of extreme environmental exposure, the gene expression results indicated that nZnO inhibited the NF-κB/IL-1β/IL-6 pathway and TNF-α/Bcl-2/Bax/caspase 9 pathway and activated the akt/mTOR/elovl5 and elovl8 pathway of the rabbitfish to maintain the resilience of the fish under the extreme environment. These results strongly suggested that nZnO may improve the anti-oxidation ability of fish to resist extreme environments.
研究领域:
海洋生物学
·
环境科学
·
水产养殖
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Kunmei Xie,Feibiao Wang,Yue Yang,Shoujie Pan,Junyao Wang,Nan Xiao,Xinyan Wang,Zhihao Ma,Xiaolong Xu,Zibo Dong
Sepsis-associated acute liver injury (ALI) is a deadly condition resulting from a systemic inflammatory response to liver cell damage and malfunction. Monotropein (MON) belongs to the iris group of compounds extracted from the natural product Mollen dae officinalis radix, which has strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacological effects. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the underlying mechanism of MON in the treatment of sepsis ALI. In this study, an in vivo caecal ligation puncture (CLP)-induced ALI model and in vitro LPS-stimulated AML12 cells and RAW264.7 cells model were established. Additionally, a variety of experimental techniques, including CCK8, H&E staining, DHE probe labelling, biochemical, QPCR, and Western blotting and blocking tests, were used to explore the role of MON in ALI. The results showed that MON improved liver morphological abnormalities, oedema, histopathological injury, and elevated ALT and AST, providing a protective effect against ALI. MON reduced CYP2E1 expression, alleviated oxidative stress (downregulation of MDA levels and upregulation of GSH, CAT, and T-AOC levels) and ROS accumulation with the involvement of the NRF2-Keap-1 pathway. MON inhibited inflammation via the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. In addition, it activated the Akt (Ser473)/GSK3β (Ser9)/Fyn pathway and accelerated NRF2 nuclear accumulation; MK-2206 blockade reversed the NRF2 nuclear accumulation and anti-inflammatory function of MON. MON also restricted the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, a process specifically blocked by MK-2206. In summary, we concluded that MON alleviated septic ALI by restricting oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis via the AKT (Ser473)/GSK3β (Ser9)/Fyn/NRF2 pathway.
研究领域:
药理学
·
免疫学
·
分子生物学
·
细胞生物学
·
病理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2019
·
IF 4.784
Hang Qu,Xin Gao,Zhen-Yu Wang,Juan-Juan Yi
A novel polysaccharide (PNP80b-2) was obtained from Pinus koraiensis pine nut, which has been proved to possess good hepatoprotective effects in vitro . This study comprehensively investigated its hepatoprotective activities against different types of chemical-induced liver injury in vivo . Carbon tetrachloride, alcohol and acetaminophen were used as hepatic toxicants to establish chemical pollutant-induced liver injury (CILI) model, alcohol induced-liver injury (AILI) model and drug-induced liver injury (DILI) model, respectively. The results showed that PNP80b-2 prevented elevation of biomarkers for liver injury in each model, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (TBIL). The expression of cytochrome P450 in damaged hepatocytes was also downregulated. Additionally, PNP80b-2 enhanced hepatic antioxidant capacity through upregulating the expression of NRF2 and HO-1, thereby increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities and decreasing malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The uncontrolled production of inflammatory factors including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in CILI, AILI and DILI models was also suppressed by PNP80b-2. By contrast, PNP80b-2 exerted the strongest hepatoprotection against AILI model, through improving hepatic antioxidant capacity via NRF2/ARE pathway and regulating inflammation response. Thus, PNP80b-2 is a promising functional food to prevent AILI.
研究领域:
药理学
·
肝病学
·
功能性食品
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PHYTOMEDICINE
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Maoxing Pan,Yuanjun Deng,Yebei Qiu,Dajin Pi,Chuiyang Zheng,Zheng Liang,Jianwei Zhen,Wen Fan,Qingliang Song,Jinyue Pan,Yuanyou Li,Haizhen Yan,Qinhe Yang,Yupei Zhang
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a burgeoning health problem worldwide, but no specific drug has been approved for its treatment. Shenling Baizhu powder (SL) is extensively used to treat NAFLD in Chinese clinical practice. However, the therapeutic components and pharmacological mechanisms of SL against NAFLD have not been thoroughly investigated. Purpose This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological impact and molecular mechanism of SL on NAFLD. Methods First, we established an animal model of NAFLD by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, and evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of SL on NAFLD by physiological, biochemical, pathological, and body composition analysis. Next, the effect of SL on autophagic flow in NAFLD rats was evaluated by ultrastructure, immunofluorescence staining, and western blotting. Moreover, an integrated strategy of targeted energy metabolomics and network pharmacology was performed to characterize autophagy-related genes and explore the synergistic effects of SL active compounds. UPLC-MS/MS, molecular docking combined with in vivo and in vitro experiments were conducted to verify the key compounds and genes. Finally, a network was established among SL-herb-compound-genes-energy metabolites-NAFLD, which explains the complicated regulating mechanism of SL on NAFLD. Results We discovered that SL decreased hepatic lipid accumulation, hepatic steatosis, and insulin resistance, and improved systemic metabolic disorders and pathological abnormalities. Subsequently, an integrated strategy of targeted energy metabolomics and network pharmacology identified quercetin, ellagic acid, kaempferol, formononetin, stigmasterol, isorhamnetin and luteolin as key compounds; catalase (CAT), AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT), nitric oxide synthase 3 (eNOS), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 subunit alpha (HIF-1α) were identified as key genes; while nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP) and succinate emerged as key energy metabolites. Mechanistically, we revealed that SL may exert its anti-NAFLD effect by inducing autophagy activation and forming a comprehensive regulatory network involving key compounds, key genes, and key energy metabolites, ultimately alleviating oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the therapeutic effect of SL in NAFLD models, and establishes a basis for the development of potential products from SL plant materials for the treatment of NAFLD.
研究领域:
药理学
·
分子生物学
·
代谢组学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）