SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2017
·
IF 4.784
Ziye Ling,Junwan Liu,Qianhao Wang,Wenzhu Lin,Xiaoming Fang,Zhengguo Zhang
MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O-Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O eutectic has a proper melting point and high latent heat for solar water heating systems with latent heat storage . In this paper, the exact composition of the eutectic and the corresponding phase change temperature are determined by measuring the phase change characteristics of mixtures of MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O and Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O in various ratios. MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O-Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O eutectics, the melting temperature of which is around 58 °C, can be obtained with the mass fraction of MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O ranging from 35% to 50%. The eutectics are composited with porous fumed silica to improve its thermo-physical properties. The eutectic/SiO 2 composite retains a similar melting point of the pure eutectic, is of no liquid leakage even after melting while the SiO 2 weighs more than 15 wt%, and the specific enthalpy reaches 88.13 kJ kg −1 . The eutectic/SiO 2 composite has a thermal conductivity 5% higher than pure eutectics and better thermal stability and cycle stability. The thermogravimetric analysis shows its weight loss is 8.03% less than pure eutectic at 300 °C. And the eutectics suffers a decrease in phase change enthalpy after 100 thermal cycles by 9.2%, much lower compared with the 37.23% for pure eutectics due to the phase separation during the thermal cycles. Thermo-physical properties and stability of MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O-Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O eutectic have been enhanced by fumed silica.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
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高影响因子
Journal of Materials Research and Technology-JMR&T
·
2023
·
IF 6.4
Sijie Liu,Renda Wang,Li Wang,Fangfang Ge,Mengyu Gao,Yang Si,Bingsheng Li
In this work, static immersion and gravimetric methods were used to study the corrosion behavior of three common stainless steels and four Ni-based alloys in a NaCl–MgCl 2 –KCl mixed molten salt under vacuum atmosphere. The corrosion test was conducted at 700 °C, with a maximum exposure time of 100 h. Corrosion behavior was determined by measuring the mass loss of the sample at different time intervals and the corrosion rates at 100 h. The microstructure of the alloy was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), atomic force microscope (AFM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that stainless steels were generally more severely corroded than Ni-based alloys. 304 stainless steel and In800H exhibited the worst corrosion resistance, whereas Ni-based alloy In625 had the best corrosion resistance. Fe and Cr were dissolved in the molten chloride salts and reacted with the molten chloride salts. Mo played a positive role in suppressing the corrosion of the alloys in molten chloride salts by inhibiting the outward diffusion of the elements.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY
·
2018
·Vol. 48
·期 10
·1131-1138
·
IF 2.262
Ling Ziye,Li Suimin,Zhang Zhengguo,Fang Xiaoming,Gao Xuenong,Xu Tao
Abstract Household water heating systems incorporating phase change materials (PCMs) can store solar thermal energy and reduce energy consumption. MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O–Mg(NO 3 ) 2 ·6H 2 O eutectics have a melting point near 60 °C with a large energy storage density suitable for use in the thermal energy storage unit of a water heating system. However, the low thermal conductivity of the eutectic limits its heat extraction rate. In this study, we combine the eutectic and expanded graphite (EG) to prepare a high thermal conductivity composite PCM and study its cycling performance over 200 thermal cycles. The thermal conductivity of the composite PCM increased from 0.5 to 3.7 W m −1 K −1 , ensuring faster heating and cooling. The images obtained from scanning electron microscopy and leakage testing showed that the maximum loading mass fraction of the eutectic in the EG reached 85 wt %. Infrared spectra and X-ray diffractometry patterns confirm that composites with compositions between those of EG and the eutectic were composed of the physical mixture. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the composite PCM lost less mass at 300 °C compared to the pure eutectic, and differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated that the composite PCM had a melting point of 52.3 °C and a small subcooling degree of 2.7 °C, compared to 56.6 and 18.4 °C for the pure eutectic, respectively. All these measurements demonstrated that the composite PCMs changed less after 200 thermal cycles than the pure eutectic, which had an observable stratification caused by phase separation. The composite PCM developed was thermally conductive, shape-stabilized, and more thermally stable during cycling than the pure eutectic. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
能源材料
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热能工程
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高影响因子
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2019
·
IF 2.781
Jun Wei Wang,Zelong Bao,Rong Qiao Xiang,Gao Hao Hu,Yong Kang Hu,Qing Ma,Bin Li,Hong Guang Jia
As a solar energy storage medium or heat transfer medium at moderate-high temperature, the molten NaCl-MgCl 2 has the advantages of high stability and low cost. But a pipe and container material with Cr will be corroded badly in a molten chloride. Based on the founded corrosion resistance phase (Fe 0.64 Ni 0.36 ) in previous experiments, the corrosion behavior of a new alloy of Fe-37 wt% Ni with rare earth alloy element Sc in the molten eutectic NaCl-MgCl 2 at 520 °C was studied. The corrosion rate of the Fe-37 wt% Ni alloy is lower than that of the researched Fe-based superalloys (GH1035 and GH1140). After corrosion for 15 h, a porous structure with Ni-rich and Fe-depletion is formed at the local location on the Fe-37 wt% Ni surface. For the specimens with Sc (0.3 and 0.5 wt %), a compact protective MgO layer covers on the porous structure, which prevents further corrosion in the molten salt . It is speculated that the Sc is oxidized to Sc 2 O 3 directly or by the chlorination-oxidation reactions, which improves the adhesion strength between the MgO layer and the alloy matrix by the effects of inhomogeneous nucleation and pinning.
研究领域:
材料科学
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腐蚀工程
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 2.066
Yi Zhou,Xuelian He,Ting Fu,Ning Zhao,Boping Liu
A series of novel Cr/Ti bimetallic polyethylene catalysts were successfully synthesized for the first time through introduction of chromium species into the (SiO 2 /MgR 2 /MgCl 2 )·TiCl x Ziegler-Natta catalysts. The bimetallic catalysts , which showed high activity, were simply prepared by refluxing titanium choloride with chromium modified silica gel/alkyl Mg adducts. Moreover, the effects of chromium content and calcination temperature were investigated in detail. The results obtained in the study were used to systematically discuss a clear relationship between the catalyst preparation condition and the relative performance of different metal active centers. Factors including surface hydroxyl content, catalyst performance in homo-polymerization, ethylene/1-hexene copolymerization were systematic investigated. Comparably, the chromium modified catalyst shows catalytic performance with 89% higher activity, 41.5% higher hydrogen response and 46.3% higher 1-hexene incorporation than the original (SiO 2 /MgR 2 /MgCl 2 )·TiCl x Ziegler-Natta catalyst. A new schematic model was proposed to explain the accelerated activation process of the bimetallic catalysts with kinetic and SEM results: chromium active sites on the outer surface of support react 10 times quicker than Ti active sites initially and help to crack the catalyst particle in the first stage; then the released inner surface active sites start to accelerate the polymerization reaction in the second stage.
研究领域:
材料科学
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催化化学
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
·
2020
·
IF 4.725
Tao Wang,Xishan Zhou,Zhao Liu,Jiawei Wang,Yongsheng Zhang,Wei-Ping Pan
As an inorganic phase change material (PCM), CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O is an effective energy storage material because its energy can be transformed around 30 °C through the melting and crystallization. The different compositions of PCM were prepared in order to decrease the phase transition temperature to 20–25 °C and to improve its capability of heat storage and release. MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O was added as a nucleating agent and the composite PCMs (CPCMs) of CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O/MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O binary salt system was prepared. At the same time, SrCl 2 ·6H 2 O was added to reduce the supercooling degree of inorganic PCM. As a thickener, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) was also included to improve the recycling ability. With the application of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter, the phase transition temperature, thermal properties of CPCMs, supercooling degree and thermal cycle performance were studied by changing the content of each component in the CPCMs. The results demonstrated that the phase transition temperature of PCM with 35% MgCl 2 ·6H 2 O, 5% SrCl 2 ·6H 2 O, 0.5% HEC balanced by CaCl 2 ·6H 2 O was reached to 23 °C. The phase change latent heat of PCM was kept at 130 J/g. The degree of supercooling was kept within 0.7 °C and the recyclability was greatly improved after 100 cycles.
研究领域:
材料科学
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热能存储
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相变材料
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Central Science
·
2026
·
IF 11.1
Liu Yan,Qian Li,Li Xiaogang,Tian Yuqing,Ma Jiaping,Song Siyu,Zhang Yixian,Yuan Aihua,Tian Huajun
Rechargeable magnesium
batteries are promising next-generation
energy storage systems owing to the low cost and high natural abundance
of magnesium. However, their practical application is critically impeded
by the parasitic decomposition of conventional electrolytes at the
Mg anode, leading to the formation of a passivation layer, high desolvation
barriers, and poor cycling stability. Herein, triethyl phosphate (TEP)
is introduced as a cosolvent into the Mg(OTf) 2 + MgCl 2 -DME electrolyte to regulate solvation structures and interfacial
chemistry. Comprehensive spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses
reveal that TEP facilitates salt dissociation and reconstructs the
Mg 2+ solvation structure, thereby reducing the desolvation
barrier and promoting ion transport. Meanwhile, TEP contributes to
the formation of a stable and robust solid electrolyte interphase
on the Mg anode, effectively suppressing side reactions and enabling
uniform Mg deposition. The Mg||Mg symmetric cell exhibits stable cycling
for over 3500 h with an overpotential below 0.2 V at 0.1 mA cm –2 and 0.05 mAh cm –2 . The Mg||Mo asymmetric cell delivers a Coulombic efficiency of 99.4%
after 3000 h at 0.5 mA cm –2 and 0.25 mAh cm –2 . Furthermore, the Mg||α-MnO 2 full
cell maintains a discharge capacity of 176.9 mAh g –1 after 350 cycles at 0.1 C. This work provides a solvation-regulation
strategy for designing high-performance Mg electrolytes.
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DOI
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2025
·
IF 12.4
Can Luo,Ruiqi Wang,Yingying Gu,Xiyuan Liu,Jie Zhu
This study investigated the substitution of NaCl with MgCl 2 or CaCl 2 in κ/ι-car myofibrillar protein complexes (K/I-MP) to improve low-sodium gel meat products. Texture and cooking loss analysis showed that the effects of MgCl 2 or CaCl 2 depended on the carrageenan type and conditions. κ-carrageenan (κ-car ) exhibited a negative effect under Ca 2+ (cooking loss increased by 30.69%) and a positive effect under Mg 2+ (cooking loss decreased by 13.41%); both carrageenans showed regulatory effects, with κ-car having a greater impact. Analysis of hydrophobicity, sulfhydryl content, particle size, AFM, CD, rheology, infrared spectroscopy, and molecular docking revealed that Ca 2+ and ι-carrageenan (ι-car) formed complexes via salt bridges, significantly enhancing MP aggregation and structural stability. Infrared spectroscopy and molecular docking further confirmed that ι-car reacted more readily with MP than κ-car Particle size increased from 1.5 μm to 2.5 μm, α-helix content rose from 25% to 35%, and hydrophobic group exposure decreased. In contrast, κ-car promoted aggregation through hydrophobic interactions and sulfhydryl crosslinking, with a weaker increase in α-helix content (25% to 28%). Mg 2+ had a weaker effect but significantly enhanced aggregation when combined with κ-car. In conclusion, Ca 2+ enhanced MP structure via salt bridges, especially with ι-car, while κ-car promoted aggregation by altering protein conformation. Mg 2+ had a weaker effect but enhanced aggregation with κ-car. These findings provide new insights into the synergy between divalent cations and carrageenan in MP gelation and strategies for developing low-sodium meat products.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2022
·
IF 16.744
Guoshen Yang,Xianqi Xu,Gangrui Qu,Jie Deng,Yachao Zhu,Chi Fang,Olivier Fontaine,Pritesh Hiralal,Jiaxin Zheng,Hang Zhou
The earth-abundant magnesium resource and aqueous electrolyte make aqueous magnesium-ion batteries (AMIBs) a promising post-lithium-ion battery technology to synchronously address cost and safety concerns. Nonetheless, the freeze issue of aqueous electrolytes is curbing the development of AMIBs working at low-temperature conditions. Here, we report an MgCl 2 solution having a great low-temperature property via anion and concentration adjustment, which roots in the variation of the pristine hydrogen bond reticulation. Consequently, a 4 M MgCl 2 aqueous electrolyte endows a low freezing point (−62 °C) as well as ultra-high ionic conductivity (2.77 mS/cm at −50 °C). By using 4 M MgCl 2 as an electrolyte, the MnO 2 //VO 2 battery is capable of working in a wide temperature range from +25 to −50 °C, achieving a high discharge capacity of 97.9 mAh/g (0.1 A/g) and a high cycling capability of 1000 cycles (∼90 % capacity retention at −20 °C). Furthermore, MgCl 2 can be well compatible with polyacrylamide into an outstanding hydrogel electrolyte (in terms of mechanical property, anti-freeze performance, and high ionic conductivity) for a flexible quasi-solid-state MIBs application. The assembled flexible device attains appealing electrochemical properties across a broad temperature region, while the constructed pouch cell demonstrates superior flexibility and reliable safety. Our current exploration depicts an expeditious but productive paradigm for devising the high-performing AMIBs for low-temperature energy storage sectors.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
·
能量存储
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DOI
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
·
2026
·
IF 6.6
Xianyou Tang,Yunkun Lu,Hang Yin,Guannan Zhou,Lili Guo,Wenguan Liu,Zhongfeng Tang
Effect of SO 4 2 ‐ in NaCl-MgCl 2 on corrosion of 316SS was first studied at 600 °C. • Intergranular corrosion became more obvious with increased SO 4 2 ‐ concentration. • Corrosive of 316SS increased continuously with SO 4 2 ‐ concentration increased. • SO 4 2 ‐ concentration in NaCl-MgCl 2 salt should be controlled within 0.05% in Ar. NaCl-MgCl 2 molten salts are promising heat transfer fluids and thermal energy storage media for next-generation concentrating solar power (CSP) systems. However, the corrosion of the stainless steel in NaCl-MgCl 2 molten salt containing sulfate impurities remains a significant challenge for practical application. In this work, the corrosion behavior of 316 stainless steel (316SS) was systematically investigated in NaCl-MgCl 2 (58.0-42.0 mol%) eutectic molten salts containing 0.005-5.0 wt% SO 4 2− at 600 °C for 240 h under Ar. The corrosion of 316SS samples increased markedly with SO 4 2− concentration. At low impurity levels, only slight surface degradation and limited elemental depletion were observed. In contrast, elevated SO 4 2− concentrations caused severe corrosion-layer degradation, accelerated selective dissolution of Cr and Fe, and pronounced localized and intergranular corrosion. A critical impurity threshold of 0.05 wt% SO 4 2− was identified, beyond which the weight loss increased sharply to 1.96 mg cm −2 and significant intergranular attack developed. Furthermore, increasing the SO 4 2− concentration from 1.0 to 5.0 wt% promoted the transition from localized corrosion to extensive grain-boundary penetration. Mechanistic analysis indicates that sulfur-induced precipitation of Mo–S- and Mn–S-containing species, together with selective alloy dissolution, destabilizes the protective corrosion layer through a synergistic sulfidation-oxidation mechanism. These findings establish a practical sulfate impurity limit for NaCl-MgCl 2 salts and provide important guidance for molten salt purification, impurity control, and structural material selection in CSP thermal energy storage systems.
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DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 5.399
Ge Ge,Yurui Han,Jiabao Zheng,Mouming Zhao,Weizheng Sun
Effects of partial substitution of NaCl with KCl, MgCl 2 or CaCl 2 on oxidative characteristics of myofibrillar protein (MP) in a hydroxyl radical generating system and their heat-induced gel properties were investigated. Results indicated that MP oxidation is dependent upon the different chloride salt types and substitution degree. MP at 0.60 M NaCl was beneficial to protein unfolding and gel quality in the oxidative system. Increased formation of disulfide bonds affected the MP conformation and resulted in a large particle size and an aggregated network of gel at the 50% substitution degree of KCl. The presence of CaCl 2 or MgCl 2 substitutes contributed to protein polymerization and insolubility. MP aggregation restrained the formation of dense and continuous gel networks during heating, and thus resulted in a low-grade gel. Ca 2+ had more serious impact on gel properties than Mg 2+ , dependent on different cation effects. Substitution of 25% NaCl by KCl gave acceptable gel quality in MP.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Water
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 19
·
IF 3
Trung-Kien Pham,Quynh-Trang Thi Hoang,Cham-Anh Thi Le,Thi-Huyen Tran,Koemhong Bun,Ngoc-Tuyet Thi Le,Van-Son Ho,Van-Hieu Ngo,Quang-Duyen Le,Madina Naukanova
Water shortage has been a serious issue for many years. Hydrate-based desalination (HBD) technology is a potential candidate for this solution. The present study investigates the use of Cyclopentane (CP) as a hydrate former for desalination through crystallization at low temperatures and atmospheric pressure. The primary objective of this work is to provide phase equilibrium data for CP hydrates (CPH) in the presence of novel salt systems, including NaBr, KBr, K2SO4, NaBr–KBr, NaCl–NaBr, KCl–KBr, Na2SO4–K2SO4, and CaCl2–MgCl2. Phase equilibrium temperatures were determined using both rapid and slow dissociation procedures. The van der Waals and Platteeuw-based Kihara (Kihara) approach, Hu-Lee-Sum (HLS) correlation, Standard Freezing Point Depression (SFPD) approach, and Activity-Based Occupancy Correlation (ABOC) were applied to model these new experimental data. The experimental results demonstrate that the differences between the quick and slow procedure data range from 0 °C to 1.2 °C. In addition, the increasing salt concentration enhances the inhibitory effect on hydrate formation. Furthermore, the influence of cations on the equilibrium temperature follows the decreasing order of Mg2+> Ca2+> Na+> K+. In terms of halide anions, Br−exhibits a stronger impact on equilibrium temperature compared to Cl−. The thermodynamic modeling results (for all four models) show good agreement with the experimental data with the average absolute deviation (AAD) of less than or equal to 0.79 °C. The ABOC approach proves to be the most effective among the four methods evaluated for accurately reproducing the equilibrium temperature of CPH, with AAD less than or equal to 0.38 °C.
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高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）