APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 6.6
Zhao Li,Liang Tang,Xiangying Chen,Zhongjie Zhang
A synergistic interfacial reinforcement strategy combining KH560 grafting and pectin-Ca 2+ crosslinking is developed. • Multi-scale interfaces (covalent/ionic/hydrogen bonds and entanglement) enhance filler-matrix compatibility. • The modified BF-K-P-Ca filler achieves a water contact angle of 120°, indicating effective hydrophobization. • The composite film exhibits tensile strength of 24.35 MPa and elongation at break of 593%. • The modification strategy enables industrial-scale film blowing for green biodegradable composites. In this study, PBAT, bamboo flour (BF), KH560, pectin, and calcium ions were used as starting materials to prepare PBAT/modified BF composites through chemical modification, melt blending, and blow molding processes. The effects of key process parameters such as pectin dosage and calcium ion dosage on the structure and properties of the products were systematically investigated. When the pectin dosage was 3%, calcium ion dosage was 2%, and BF dosage was 10%, the composite material achieved a transverse tensile strength of 24.35 MPa, a transverse elongation at break of 593%, a longitudinal tensile strength of 23.46 MPa, and a longitudinal elongation at break of 530%. The comprehensive properties were superior to those of composites prepared by traditional processes. The research results indicate that bamboo flour sequentially modified with KH560, pectin and calcium ions can effectively enhance the compatibility between the filler and the PBAT matrix, thereby significantly improving the overall performance of PBAT/BF composites. The PBAT/modified BF composites prepared in this study, due to their excellent mechanical properties, demonstrate broad application prospects in fields such as packaging, daily necessities, membrane materials, and disposable products. Download: Download high-res image (73KB) Download: Download full-size image
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高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2026
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IF 6.4
Xinqi Zhang,Taixiang Zhang,Ying Song,Xia Gao,Hao Wu,Jianming Zhang
A novel reactive compatibilizer was developed by grafting P(VAc-co-GMA) copolymers onto CNCs. • The copolymer-grafted CNCs effectively compatibilized the immiscible PLA/PBAT blends. • The resulting composite exhibited improved melt strength and processability, which directly translated to superior FDM printability. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) hold great potential as nanofiller compatibilizers for immiscible poly( L -lactic acid) (PLLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends. However, a key challenge remains the precise engineering of CNC surface chemistry to achieve strong interfacial interactions and selective localization. In this study, a novel multifunctional compatibilizer was developed based on CNCs grafted with a poly(vinyl acetate-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (P(VAc-co-GMA)) copolymer. The PVAc segments ensure thermodynamic compatibility within the PLLA matrix, while the epoxy groups from GMA offer reactive sites for in-situ interfacial compatibilization. By tuning the comonomer ratio, the surface energy of the grafted CNCs was tailored to match that of PLLA, promoting excellent dispersion during melt processing. The modified CNCs effectively compatibilized the PLLA/PBAT blend, reducing the PBAT domain size from 3.27 µm to 2.00 µm. Moreover, covalent bonds formed between the polymers and CNCs enhanced the melt strength and complex viscosity of blends. Furthermore, the improved processability was directly reflected in the printability. The compatibilized blend exhibited excellent performance in fused deposition modeling (FDM), producing parts with improved dimensional accuracy and interlayer adhesion. Overall, this work offers a facile and effective strategy for designing reactive CNC-based additives that enable simultaneous compatibilization and performance enhancement of PLLA/PBAT blends, facilitating their application in sustainable manufacturing and advanced 3D printing.
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POLYMER
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2024
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IF 4.1
Wentao Liu,Yingjian Wang,Sheng Xiang,Hao Liu
Polylactic acid (PLA)/polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) blend is a fully degradable polymer blend with balanced strength and toughness. However, the performance of PLA/PBAT blends deteriorates significantly after undergoing physical aging. In this work, dicumyl peroxide (DCP) and methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer (P(MMA-co-GMA)) were used respectively for reactive compatibilization by dynamic vulcanization. The effects of dynamic vulcanization on the interfacial compatibility and thus on the mechanical properties of PLA/PBAT blends were evaluated using nanomechanical mapping. Results show that the degree of interfacial compatibilization can be determined by the interface length of microscopic Young's moduli distribution between PLA and PBAT. A longer interfacial length indicates an enhanced interfacial interaction between the components in the blend, which leads to improved macroscopic mechanical properties. Moreover, the improvement of interfacial compatibility allows the PLA/PBAT blends to maintain higher mechanical properties after physical aging, which provides an experimental basis for the design of PLA-based blends with both high mechanical properties and resistance to physical aging.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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Toxics
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 9
·795
·
IF 4.1
Hongjia Peng,Bolun Yu,Zuhong Lin,Haipu Li
The incomplete degradation of degradable plastics may pose potential ecological risks, as it can generate degradable microplastics (DMPs), especially when these DMPs coexist with heavy metals in soil. Taking petrochemical-based poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and bio-based polylactic acid (PLA) as representative DMPs, this study investigated how DMPs affect the adsorption–desorption behavior of Cu 2+ in soil and the underlying mechanisms via batch equilibrium experiments and characterization analyses. The experiments revealed that ion exchange (accounting for 33.6–34.3%), oxygen-containing functional group complexation, and electrostatic interactions were the primary adsorption driving forces, with chemical adsorption playing the main role. Compared to the soil, the PBAT and PLA had smaller specific surface areas and pore volumes, fewer oxygen-containing functional groups, and especially lacked O-metal functional groups. They can dilute soil, clog its pores, and cover its active sites. 1% DMPs significantly reduced the soil’s equilibrium adsorption capacity (Q e ) (3.7–4.7%) and increased equilibrium desorption capacity (Q De ) (1.7–2.6%), thereby increasing the mobility and ecological risk of Cu 2+ . PBAT and PLA had no significant difference in effects on the adsorption, but their specific mechanisms were somewhat distinct. Faced with the prevalent, worsening coexistence of DMPs and heavy metals in soil, these findings contribute to the ecological risk assessment of DMPs.
研究领域:
环境科学
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土壤化学
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污染生态学
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环境地球化学
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微塑料污染
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重金属迁移
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 2.7
Guangxiang Zhang,Ke Yang,Songqi Zheng,Xiangyan Han,Yuexin Hu,Yuanyuan Han,Guiyan Zhao,Yulin Feng
Poly(butylene adipate- co -butylene terephthalate) (PBAT)/thermoplastic starch (TPS) blends were prepared by melt blending. However, the processability and practical application of PBAT/TPS blends are limited by their poor compatibility. To enhance the compatibility between PBAT and TPS, PBAT was functionalized by maleic anhydride (MA) to prepare PBAT-MA, and then it was employed as a compatibilizer for PBAT/PBAT-MA/TPS blends. The effects of PBAT-MA on the tensile properties, rheological properties, morphology, and dynamic mechanics of PBAT/PBAT-MA/TPS blends were studied in detail. Rheological results revealed that the interaction between PBAT-MA and TPS enhanced the segment entanglement ability and improved the compatibility of the blends, which enhanced the tensile properties of the blends. Compared with the PBAT/PBAT-MA/TPS (50/0/50) blend, the tensile strength of the PBAT/PBAT-MA/TPS (40/10/50) blend increased from 9.2 to 15.8 MPa, and the elongation at break increased from 326.9% to 1017.6%. The dynamic mechanical results showed that the T g of PBAT and TPS were close to each other after the addition of PBAT-MA, which confirmed that the compatibility of the blend was improved. This study provides a feasible approach to preparing high-performance and cost-effective PBAT/PBAT-MA/TPS blends while expanding the application prospects of PBAT in the packaging industry and agricultural film.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.1
Liang Tang,Jingfeng Huang,Xiangying Chen,Zhongjie Zhang
This study prepared high-performance PBAT/starch composite films using biodegradable PBAT, starch, and a ternary deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of glycerol/choline chloride/citric acid. The films were fabricated via in situ plasticization of starch with DES, melt blending, and film blowing. With 1.13 parts citric acid, 10.13 parts total DES, and 20% starch, the composite film achieved a longitudinal tensile strength of 19.63 MPa and elongation of 449%, and a transverse tensile strength of 20.75 MPa and elongation of 500%. Compared to the traditional glycerol-plasticized system (8.43/8.77 MPa), strength increased by over 130%; compared to the binary DES system (15.07/15.45 MPa), strength further increased by over 30%. The composite film also showed good thermal stability within the processing range (150°C–160°C), and the water contact angle was significantly improved, demonstrating high strength, toughness, enhanced hydrophobicity, and good thermal stability. The ternary DES effectively disrupts the crystalline structure of starch for efficient plasticization, and the citric acid it contains may trigger interfacial esterification crosslinking between starch and PBAT, thereby enhancing two-phase compatibility and stress transfer efficiency. This developed film has application potential in biodegradable packaging, disposable products, and environmentally friendly daily-use films.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
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2026
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IF 5.2
Xinlong Liu,Xujie Wang,Zifan Xu,Xin Zhang,Guohua Sun,Lianlong Hou,Tiantian Li,Pengpeng Li
Membrane-based oil–water separation has attracted extensive attention as an efficient and energy-saving strategy for oily wastewater treatment; however, most conventional separation membranes are fabricated from petroleum-based polymers, which are difficult to degrade after disposal and may cause secondary environmental pollution. Therefore, developing high-performance oil–water separation membranes with environmental sustainability remains a critical challenge. In this work, a biodegradable PLA/PBAT Janus nanofibrous membrane is fabricated via dual-channel side-by-side electrospinning using polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) as the polymer matrix. Hydrophilic and underwater oleophobic modification of the membrane is achieved through a mild interfacial microswelling process, which introduces hydrophilic functional groups and enhances surface roughness. As a result, the modified membrane exhibits significantly improved wettability, with the water contact angle reduced to approximately 20° and the underwater–oil contact angle exceeding 130°. Benefiting from the aligned nanofiber arrangement, interconnected porous structure, and the stretchability of PBAT, the hydrophilic PLA/PBAT Janus membrane demonstrates excellent separation performance toward oil-in-water emulsions under gravity-driven conditions, achieving a high permeation flux of up to 2985 L·m–2·h–1 under tensile deformation and maintaining a stable flux of approximately 1000 L·m–2·h–1 after 120 separation cycles, while oil rejection efficiencies remain around 98% for different oil phases. This study demonstrates that biodegradable Janus nanofibrous membranes based on PLA and PBAT can simultaneously achieve high separation efficiency, mechanical robustness, and environmental sustainability, providing a promising green membrane material for efficient oil–water separation applications.
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高影响因子
LUMINESCENCE
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2026
·Vol. 41
·期 2
·e70439
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IF 2.8
Yuxun Zhao,Qiuhua Wu,Lu Bai,Chenghuan Wang,Guolin Zhang,Wenxiao Yang
Blue fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) were synthesized in this study from poly (butylene adipate co -terephthalate) (PBAT) and poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste through a sequential carbonization and hydrothermal treatment. The nanoparticles exhibited a spherical morphology with a narrow size distribution of 1.3–2.5 nm, abundant hydrophilic surface groups, and excellent dispersibility in aqueous solution. The CDs exhibited strong blue fluorescence with a quantum yield (QY) of 7.4% and remarkable stability. The fluorescence was selectively quenched by gefitinib primarily via a Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) mechanism. The developed sensor showed a linear detection range of 0–30 μM, a low detection limit of 0.8433 μM, and outstanding anti-interference capability against common biomolecules and structurally similar drugs. The spiked recovery rates in real samples ranged from 96.7% to 103.0%, with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 3.0%, demonstrating the probe's capability for detecting gefitinib in complex practical matrices. The proposed sensor shows great potential for applications in therapeutic drug monitoring and clinical diagnostics, offering a promising solution for both environmental sustainability and analytical science.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2026
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IF 11.3
Quanfu Wang,Xingshun Li,Yatong Wang,Yanhua Hou
The persistent accumulation of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) in the environment poses severe ecological threats. While enzymatic degradation offers promise, most reported enzymes require elevated reaction temperatures. Furthermore, free enzymes often suffer from limitations such as poor stability and high production costs. This study identified and characterized an innovative cold-adapted arylesterase (CsAE). CsAE exhibited optimum activity at 20℃ while retaining 48.77 % residual activity at 0℃, demonstrating characteristics of a cold-adapted enzyme. The engineered bacterium BL21/pET-INPN-CsAE, constructed via INPN surface display technology, exhibited normal growth while maintaining outer membrane integrity. Compared to the free CsAE, the whole-cell catalyst exhibited markedly enhanced thermal stability, reusability, and long-term operational stability. Notably, the observed features on the PBAT film—including the appearance of pores and cracks, a decrease in the water contact angle, cleavage of ester bonds, a reduction in the amorphous phase, and the emergence of the degradation monomer terephthalic acid—collectively indicate that both CsAE and the engineered strain facilitated the degradation of PBAT. Bioremediation experiments confirmed that the engineered strain mediated a 20.46 % degradation of PBAT over 21 days at 15℃, demonstrating its efficacy under low-temperature conditions. Collectively, this work establishes INPN-mediated surface display of the cold-adapted CsAE as a sustainable biocatalytic strategy for PBAT remediation in cold environments.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2026
·
IF 3.1
Jie Zhang,Yantao Song,Kang Chen,Han Li,Haiyan Tan,Dingyuan Zheng,Yanhua Zhang
Low melt-strength poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) foams suffer from poor pore stability, which significantly limits their practical applications. To overcome this limitation, enhancing the melt strength of PBAT-based composites is essential for improving the stability of foamed materials. In this study, PBAT/PLA/lignin composite foams were prepared using a chemical hot-pressing method, with PBAT, PLA, and lignin as raw materials and azodicarbonamide (AC) as the blowing agent, aiming to develop renewable materials with favourable mechanical properties and thermal conductivity. The addition of PLA positively influenced the mechanical properties of the composites, while the complex molecular structure and rigidity of lignin resulted in lower thermal conductivity and enhanced mechanical properties. The results demonstrated that incorporating 20 wt% PLA and 10 wt% lignin into PBAT produced a uniform and fine pore structure. The resulting composite exhibited a homogeneous, fine-cell morphology, with a thermal conductivity of 0.100 W/(m·k), and impact and compressive strengths of 12.41 kJ/m 3 and 12.91 MPa, respectively. These combined attributes make the composite a promising candidate for building insulation applications.
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高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2025
·
IF 3.9
Jiayi Xin,Jiawen Hu,Bo Zheng,Changwen Zhao,Dong Chen,Wantai Yang
Blends of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) attract intensive interest as biodegradable alternatives to conventional plastics. However, the intrinsic incompatibility between PBAT and PLA limits their practical applications. To address this limitation, poly(dicyclopentadiene-co-maleic anhydride) (PDM) was synthesized via self-stabilized precipitation polymerization and used as a compatibilizer. The effects of PDM on the mechanical properties, biodegradation behavior, and phytotoxicity of the PBAT–PLA blends were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that PDM chemically interacted with both PBAT and PLA, enhancing the interfacial compatibility and mechanical performance. At 2.5 phr of PDM, the blend with optimal mechanical properties was achieved with tensile strength increasing from 23.0 to 31.2 MPa. Biodegradation experiments revealed that PDM improved structural stability and slowed degradation, and the cumulative CO2 release for PBAT–PDM-PLA was 11.02% lower than pristine PBAT–PLA. Furthermore, PDM exerted negligible effects on soybean seedling growth within the experimental period.
研究领域:
高分子科学
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材料工程
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可生物降解聚合物
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环境化学
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聚合物共混与复合材料
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高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Guang Nie,Wenxuan Zhang,Yanfei Qiao,Hao Ding,Siqi Dong,Wensheng Wang,Yingchun Li,Zhichao He
While biodegradable polyesters such as poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) present a promising alternative to conventional plastics in addressing plastic pollution, their lack of shape-memory functionality and relatively low mechanical strength severely limit practical applications. This study developed D-mannitol modified PBAT copolyesters (PBMAT) with integrated biodegradability and shape-memory functionality through a two-step esterification and one-step polycondensation approach. FTIR, 1 H NMR, DSC, XRD tests combined with changes in hydrophilicity indicate that the incorporation of D-mannitol successfully established a dynamic hydrogen bonding network. When D-mannitol was added at 1.4 wt%, the copolyester exhibited optimal performance: tensile and tear strengths increased by 32.76 % and 35.99 % respectively, accompanied by a 49.22 % enhancement in elongation at break compared to pristine PBAT. Leveraging reversible hydrogen-bond transitions, the 2.8 wt% PBMAT sample achieved an 80.47 % shape recovery rate (55.92 % improvement over PBAT) at 50 ℃ (below melting temperature), with a fixation rate exceeding 80 %. This approach synergistically enhanced mechanical strength and thermal stimulus response properties, advancing the design of smart biodegradable materials.
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