Lubricants
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2025
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·252
·
IF 2.9
Yuwen Xu,Yan Yang,Li Zhong,Xingyuan Jing,Xiaoyu Yin,Tao Xia,Jingsi Wang,Tobias Amann,Ke Li
The lubrication performance of the cylinder liner–piston ring (CLPR) is crucial for the energy efficiency and operating reliability of marine diesel engines. To enhance the boundary lubrication of marine engine oil, a 1,3-diketone fluid HPTD (1-(4-hexylphenyl) tridecane-1,3-dione, HPTD) was introduced as an ash-free friction modifier. Besides that, octadecylamine-functionalized nanocopper particles (ODA-Cu) were also added to the marine oil to improve its anti-wear behavior. Through cylinder-on-disk friction tests, the appropriate contents of HPTD and ODA-Cu were determined, which then formed hybrid additives and modified the engine oil. The tribological performance of the modified oil was analyzed under various normal loads, reciprocating frequencies, and testing temperatures. Based on the synergy of the tribochemical reaction of HPTD and the mending effect of ODA-Cu on the sliding surface, the modified oil not only had lower sulfated ash content but also exhibited superior lubrication performance (i.e., reduced coefficient of friction by 15%, smaller wear track by 43%, and higher maximum non-seizure load by 11%) than the pristine engine oil. The results of this study would be helpful for the design of novel hybrid eco-friendly additives for marine engine oil.
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Catalysts
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 7
·610
·
IF 4
Wei Wang,Jiaqi Liu,Guang Shi,Shiqi Wu,Nan Zhang,Ruixia Yuan
Spherical Cu2O nanoparticles were obtained by reducing copper acetate in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) system using glucose as the reducing agent and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the surfactant, with which spherical PdCu nanocatalysts were thus synthesized by disproportionation. The catalyst was used for the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) and showed an excellent degradation effect on rhodamine B and methylene blue-contained printing and dyeing wastewater with good stability. Additionally, the surface morphology analysis of the catalyst was carried out by SEM and TEM. The structure was characterized by XRD and FT-IR. The valence state and composition of the catalyst were characterized by XPS. The catalytic performance of the prepared catalysts was investigated with methylene blue and rhodamine B used as target pollutants. The results showed that the catalytic reduction efficiency of PdCu nanocatalyst for the two pollutants could reach 99% at 20 °C, when catalyst concentration was 60 mg/L and PMS concentration was 1.0 g/L and 0.6 g/L, respectively. The degradation efficiency of the catalyst was significantly reduced when Cl−,HCO3−and HA were present in the water. The degradation efficiency was above 90% when the pH was in the range of 5–11. The excellent performance of the PdCu/PMS system in the treatment of RhB-contained wastewater was further confirmed by taking into account of the data of free radical quenching experiment and the results of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiment. After three cycles, the removal rate of MB and RhB could still be maintained at more than 90%, which proved its excellent recyclability due to its remarkable stability and efficiency.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Chao Ye,Wenqin Ling,Xiaowei Huang,Yao Wu,Naigen Zhou,Xuerui Yang
Olivine-structured LiMn x Fe 1-x PO 4 (LMFP) has garnered significant attention as a cathode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high energy density and low cost. However, its widespread application is limited by its inherently low electronic and ionic conductivities, as well as structural instability arising from the Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn 3+ ions and interfacial side reactions. To address these challenges, this study developed an innovative synergistic modification strategy combining Nb 5+ doping with second-time carbon coating to prepare high-performance LiMn 0.6 Fe 0.4 PO 4 /C cathode materials. Nb 5+ doping stabilizes the crystal structure during cycling by strengthening M-O bonding interactions, thus effectively alleviating the Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn 3+ . Meanwhile, uniform carbon coating layer effectively suppresses electrolyte attack on the material and mitigates Mn dissolution. Furthermore, the synergistic effects of Nb 5+ doping and second-time carbon coating significantly enhance the Li + /e − transport efficiency of the material by narrowing the band gap and constructing a continuous conductive network. As a result, the dual-modified LMFP/DC-2Nb electrode exhibits significantly enhanced cycling stability and rate capability, delivering an initial discharge capacity of 158.3 mAh g −1 at 0.1 C and achieving 93.2 % capacity retention at 1 C after 700 cycles. Moreover, a high specific capacity of 156.2 mAh g −1 is delivered after 200 cycles at 1 C and 50 °C with negligible capacity fading, and a discharge capacity of 119.8 mAh g −1 is maintained even at a high rate of 5 C. The synergistic modification strategy holds great potential for application and offers broad prospects for the design and development of high-energy-density, low-cost, and high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
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Surfaces and Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Shengdong Luo,Lingxiao Liu,Minghao Ma,Muwen Liang,Bin Du,Xihui Mu,Zhaoyang Tong,Zhaofeng Wu,Bing Liu
Atmospheric aerosols contain various pathogenic microorganisms and allergens, which pose significant threats to public health and safety. Traditional wet-wall cyclone aerosol sampling methods are widely used for the sampling and enrichment of aerosol particles owing to their decent enrichment efficiency and good microbial survivability. However, due to the poor inherent wettability of the sampling cup material itself, incomplete coverage and easy rupture of the liquid film during sampling result in suboptimal enrichment, posing a challenge to improving the enrichment efficiency of wet-walled cyclone aerosol sampling. In this work, a robust and durable superhydrophilic coating of functionalized nanoparticles composite SBS adhesive (SC-SBS) was prepared and applied to the inner wall of the aerosol sampler. The coating facilitates the formation of a stable and uniform liquid film due to the interaction between the superhydrophilic surface and the two-phase centrifugal flow, minimizing wall losses and enhancing enrichment efficiency. Under flow rate gradients ranging from 100 to 300 L/min, the device achieved more than double the enrichment efficiency for non-biological aerosol particles of various sizes. For biological aerosol particles ( Bacillus subtilis ), the enrichment enhancement rates exceeded 300 %. This demonstrates its important application prospects in the fields of occupational health and air aerosol sampling.
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International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization
·
2025
·
IF 2.1
Qiuyu Zeng,Jun Xie,Jinbo Zhu,Jianqiang Yin,Wenliang Zhu
Previous research on coal gangue identification based on X-ray transmission technology mainly focused on image processing. However, the relationship between the evolution of the crystallographic structure and mineral identification still requires further investigation. In this work, montmorillonite samples are heat-treated and the microstructures of montmorillonites at different heating temperatures are characterized, and a montmorillonite aberration model is constructed from the characterization results to be used in XAFS calculations. Heat treatment induces structural distortion in montmorillonite. While Al-O bonds rupture during this process, the intercalated Al groups become immobilized between silicate tetrahedra. This confinement mechanism effectively inhibits structural collapse and preserves the lamellar morphology. Characteristics such as coupled out-of-plane vibration bands of Al-O in FTIR patterns, (020), (102), and (022) reflections shift in XRD patterns, crystalline spacing increasing and then decreasing in TEM images, and regular variation of μ(E) and radial structural function can be traced in photoelectric separation to determine whether montmorillonite is present in the sample. The results may provide a valuable reference for the identification and classification of specific clay minerals in gangue photoelectric separation.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Zhongyao Zhang,Hengyu Zhong,Yanjiao Xu,Mengbo Zhang,Haomiao Zhang,Jingdai Wang,Yongrong Yang
Methylaluminoxane (MAO) is a critical activator in olefin polymerization, but it exhibits limited stability under high temperatures or prolonged storage. In industrial processes, MAO is typically concentrated by heating in toluene under vacuum and stored for months before use, however, the effects of these processes on its stability are poorly understood. We investigate the stability of freshly prepared MAO subjected to heat treatment and long-term storage, focusing on changes in aluminum content, methyl-to-aluminum ratio, polymerization activity, and properties of the resulting polymer. Our results demonstrate that higher temperatures, extended treatment or storage times, and increased initial MAO mass fractions contribute to gel formation within MAO solutions, declining cocatalytic activity. Using heat-treated-MAO/Cp2ZrCl2 for ethylene polymerization results in PE with reduced molecular weight compared to fresh MAO, while the effect on dispersity (D̵) is complex, exhibiting both increases and decreases in different cases. The aging of MAO leads to the formation of insoluble, high-molecular-weight gels. Analysis of the gel phase reveals an elevated Me/Al ratio, indicating selective partitioning of MAO species during gelation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals that these gels consist of coalesced, interconnected clusters with a porous, amorphous morphology composed of nanoscale primary particles. Such morphological evolution correlates with the observed decline in polymerization activity. Our findings offer insights for optimizing MAO concentration processes and storage conditions to preserve its performance in industrial applications.
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Journal of the American Chemical Society
·
2025
·
IF 15.6
Bo Jing,Wenjie Kuang,Jinhe Li,Yongsheng Zhang,Songgu Wu,Liang Li,Panče Naumov,Junbo Gong
Amplifying microscopic or molecular perturbations to induce macroscopic mechanical effects in well-ordered molecular crystals is the foundation of the newly recognized potential of organic crystalline smart materials for soft organic electronics, optics, actuators, switches, and robots. Diverse molecular crystal actuators that transform external energy into mechanical motions have been prepared in the past decade, yet their spatiotemporal operational capability, adaptability, reversibility, and durability have not been fully explored. In this study, we present adaptive molecular single crystals that can respond to force, heat, and light, demonstrating mechanical flexibility, reversible expansion, and complex movements, including rolling and climbing locomotion. These crystals exhibit significant anisotropic thermal expansion within the temperature range from 303 to 413 K, expanding by approximately 4.8% along their longest axis. The exceptional flexibility and thermal expandability of this material enable quick and sustained locomotion of the single crystals when exposed to ultraviolet light. Our findings highlight the considerable yet underexplored potential of adaptive organic crystals that can be used as lightweight thermomechanical and photomechanical actuators.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Xin-Yuan Gao,Xin-Ye Wu,Wei-Jia Wang,Jin-Zhe Xu,Wei-Zhi Liu,Shuai-Hao Xu,Zhi-Yun Peng,Dong-Ying Zhou,Liang-Sheng Liao
Metal halide perovskites exhibit great promise for applications in solid-state lighting and flat-panel display technologies. Despite significant progress, the current strategies for achieving high-performance perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are largely confined to additive engineering and upper interface modifications, with little attention paid to the buried interface, which plays a crucial role in perovskite crystal growth and charge transport. Here, we demonstrate a novel buried interface modification strategy by substituting polyethylenimine ethoxylated (PEIE) with phosphorylethanolamine (PEA). PEA functions as a bridging molecule between ZnO and perovskite, with its phosphate group anchoring on ZnO and its amino group serving as the nucleation site for perovskite as well as passivating perovskite defects. Furthermore, PEA also passivates the surface defects of ZnO and modulates its energy levels, thereby enhancing electron injection. The resultant PeLEDs exhibit a peak EQE of up to 22.3% with reduced efficiency roll-off and prolonged half-lifetime, which is superior to that of conventional PeLEDs at a peak wavelength of 798 nm.
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MOLECULES
·
2025
·Vol. 30
·期 13
·2675
·
IF 4.6
Maoru Xu,Yanfeng Duan,Hongfu Li,Shoulin He,Xingyu Zi,Yanting Zhao,Cheng Jiao,Xiaoyun Li
Lignocellulose is an important renewable biomass resource. However, at present, there is a lack of efficient and environmentally friendly catalytic systems that can selectively convert lignocellulose components into high-value sugars, and the value realization of agricultural waste (such as straw) remains challenging. Carbon-based solid acids are used in the valorization of biomass due to their simple preparation and excellent catalytic performance. In this study, the magnetic carbon microspheres catalyst was prepared using concentrated sulfuric acid and hydroxyethyl sulfonic acid as sulfonating agents. Two sulfonation catalysts were applied to the hydrolysis of typical agricultural waste (rice straw). The performance of catalyst conversion to reducing sugar was compared, and the glucose yield was lower than 30%. The sulfonation catalyst of hydroxyethyl sulfonic acid obtained a higher yield of pentose (76.67%) than that of concentrated sulfuric acid (74.25%) in 110 min. The optimal reaction conditions were found: substrate was 0.04 g straw, catalyst was 0.04 g, H2O/γ-valerolactone ratio was 8:2 in the solvent, and the reaction time was 110 min at 140 °C. Under these conditions, the sulfonation properties of hydroxyethyl sulfonic acid as a green sulfonating agent are similar to those of concentrated sulfuric acid. Its excellent catalytic performance is attributed to the medium B/L acid density ratio on the catalyst surface. In addition, the prepared catalyst can be effectively separated from the reaction residue in the catalytic system. This work provides a green catalytic system for the high-value utilization of agricultural waste from renewable carbon sources.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Haocheng Jiang,Fei Xie,Jianji Wang,Nour F. Attia,Caiyi Xiong,Peiyun Qiu,Saihua Jiang,Guohui Li
The advent of flexible bioelectronics has revolutionized health monitoring by offering ergonomic and user-friendly solutions for timely and comprehensive health status assessments. However, flexible electronics relying on conventional ionogels suffer from limitations, such as insufficient toughness and poor energy dissipation, hindering their widespread adoption. Herein, high-performance ionogels with considerable toughness and crack resistance are developed based on the chain-entangled structures within a single network. These ionogels exhibit a remarkable fracture toughness of 1.24 ± 0.05 kJ/m2. Simultaneously, the crack-insensitive ionogels are stabilized after continuous cyclic stretching with a fatigue threshold of approximately 190 J/m2 due to hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, and polymer chain entanglements. Furthermore, the ionogels with excellent ionic conductivity from −20 to 100 °C act as electrodes to facilitate continuous real-time monitoring of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, which is a promising candidate for applications in health monitoring fields such as ECG monitoring and sleep stage evaluation.
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Small
·
2025
·
IF 12.1
Bocong Zou,Hulin Wang,Runchao Dong,Jia Zhang,Zhiheng Liu,Yan Lin,Zhicheng Zhu,Xiangyang Hu,Weijun Li,Dongdong Zhang,Xiaoxiao Li,Lin Wang,Huan He,Weiyou Yang,Fengmei Gao,Shanliang Chen
The precise control of the surface properties of low-dimensional nanostructures is a prerequisite for preserving the intrinsic material quality and manipulating the carrier transport behavior to enhance optoelectronic device performance. Herein, a high-responsivity photoelectrochemical (PEC) ultraviolet (UV) photodetector (PD) based on SiC/TiO 2 heterojunction nanowires is developed. The surface of SiC nanowires is decorated with high-quality TiO 2 nanoparticles through a simple hydrothermal process, and a type-II heterojunction is established. The fabricated SiC/TiO 2 heterojunction nanowire PEC PD exhibited excellent photoresponsivity with high responsivity (50.97 mA W −1 ), detectivity (1.07 × 10 12 Jones), and external quantum efficiency (16.85%) under 375 nm ultraviolet illumination. Response and decay times are as low as 0.3 and 0.1 ms, respectively—these values are within the state-of-the-art range for semiconductor nanostructure–based PEC PDs reported thus far. The device also exhibits excellent photoresponsivity and long-term stability under different light intensities, even in harsh universal-pH liquid environments, including acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions with different concentrations. The elevated photodetection performance of the device is primarily attributed to the effective synergistic effect of the formation of a type-II charge transfer pathway in the SiC/TiO 2 heterostructure, the optimal load capacity of TiO 2 nanoparticles, and the excellent inherent corrosion resistance of SiC and TiO 2 .
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ACS Nano
·
2025
·
IF 16
Xiguo Zhang,Lin Ma,Shihu Ding,Nuo Meng,Wei Wang
Proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) has emerged as a promising strategy for boosting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production through the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). To achieve efficient H2O2 production, a specific C═N–NH–C═O structure was engineered on CQDs through Schiff-base addition reaction, creating an ideal catalytic microenvironment within the molecule via the integration of a proton donor and oxygen adsorption site. Benefiting from that, the obtained benzohydrazide-modified CQDs (BD-CQDs) exhibited a H2O2 production efficiency of 1562 μmol g–1 h–1 even without an external oxygen supply and electron donor, nearly three times that of the pristine CQDs. Mechanism investigation verified that oxygen adsorption shifted from a side-on type to an end-on type after modification, and the O═O bond was stretched on the C═O adjacent to −NH–, improving H2O2 selectivity to 92.5%. Identification of active sites revealed that −NH– provided sustainable proton flux for PCET, while the C═N bridge boosted the charge separation and transfer. Owing to the spatial proximity within the integrated catalytic microenvironment, the proton transfer energy barrier was significantly decreased, thermodynamically favoring H2O2 production. BD-CQDs retained an efficiency of over 88% after five successive cycles or in an ionic environment, highlighting their practical application potential in photocatalytic energy conversion.
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