Nature Communications
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2026
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IF 18.1
Sun Fei,Zhao Yuchen,Do Jonathan,Cheng Peng,Li Enhong,Liu Yanru,Shirazi Shawyon P.,Sucre Jennifer M. S.,Kalin Tanya V.,He Hua,Kalinichenko Vladimir V.
Pulmonary vascular development is essential for alveolarization, and disruption of this process contributes to pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Proper vascular development requires an orchestration of many cell types within the lung. However, the transcriptional mechanisms by which pericytes support the endothelium in the postnatal lung remain poorly understood. Herein, we identify FOXF2 as a critical transcription factor that governs pericyte maturation and function during postnatal lung development and regeneration. FOXF2 expression in pericytes increases postnatally and is selectively downregulated after neonatal hyperoxic injury. Pdgfrb-CreER mediated Foxf2 deletion in pericytes leads to pericyte hyperplasia, impaired migration, and reduced expression of angiogenic factors such as ANGPTL4. Transcriptomic and genomic studies demonstrate that FOXF2 maintains chromatin accessibility at pro-angiogenic loci and modulates paracrine signaling essential for endothelial regeneration. Loss of FOXF2 disrupts pericyte–endothelial crosstalk, leading to impaired angiogenesis and alveolarization as well as increased vascular permeability after neonatal lung injury. Altogether, FOXF2 acts as a key transcriptional regulator of the pericyte-driven vascular niche in the neonatal lung, highlighting the pathogenic role of pericyte dysfunction in BPD.
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METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 3.3
He Jia,Conejo Alberto N.,Li Kejiang,Liang Zeng
One of the ways to decrease CO 2 emissions is to decrease energy consumption; however, metallurgical reactors are approaching the theoretical limits. In this scenario, it is important to have a better understanding of the process phenomena. Slag foaming in the EAF is one of the most important techniques to decrease energy consumption; however, in the past, most of the research work has not only employed conditions which are far away from the industrial practice but also the application of a conventional foaming index which is inaccurate to describe the real slag foaming process. This work has investigated slag foaming that results from one of the reactions zones, the slag/metal interface, that produce CO bubbles by reaction between FeO and C in the liquid metal. This is the first investigation that quantifies the slag foaming height due to CO bubbles generated at the slag metal interface, as a function of time, changing slag FeO, slag basicity and C in the molten metal. The variables include changes in the initial concentration of FeO (from 20 to 40 pct), slag basicity (from 1.5 to 2.3), and carbon dissolved in the molten metal (2 and 4 pct). The results clearly identify optimum values in the concentration of FeO and slag basicity. Using dimensional analysis, an equation has been developed to predict a dimensionless foam height which depends on the slag physical properties (viscosity, density, and initial height) as well as slag chemical properties (FeO and basicity) and carbon concentration in the molten metal.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2026
·Vol. 37
·期 11
·843
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IF 3.2
Wan Jinlin,Wang Qinming,Wu Sen,Zhou Xingfu
Recently, compared to hybrid perovskites, all-inorganic perovskite solar cells have received enormous attention due to their excellent capability to resist heat, moisture, and ultraviolet light. The all-inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite (CsPbX 3 , X = Br, I, or their mixture) is considered an alternative light-harvesting material for solar cells. Moreover, CsPbI 3-x Brₓ derivatives have therefore emerged as ideal candidates owing to their tunable bandgap and high absorption coefficient. Nevertheless, interfacial non-radiative recombination and the thermodynamically favored δ-phase transition still impose efficiency and stability bottlenecks. In this work, trimethylammonium chloride (TACl) is employed as a multifunctional interfacial modifier. By integrating this interlayer modification at the TiO 2 /CsPbI 2.2 Br 0.8 interface, we simultaneously minimized interfacial defects, graded the energy levels, and controlled the crystallographic orientation of the perovskite lattice, thereby suppressing the charge recombination and stabilizing carrier dynamics through multifunctional synergy beyond single-function strategies. In addition, we successfully prepared hole-free carbon-based all-inorganic perovskite solar cells of FTO /TiO 2 / CsPbI 2.2 Br 0.8 /C by using low-cost commercial carbon slurry instead of the traditional gold/silver noble metal electrodes and the organic hole-transport layer Spiro-OMeTAD. After surface treatment with trimethylammonium chloride, the optimized device exhibited a peak power conversion efficiency of 12.2%, representing a 14.8% enhancement relative to the pristine device (10.6%).
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Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
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2026
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IF 3.6
Zhao Rui,Li Jian,Ma Yunze,Zhang Huajiang,Geng Zhanhui,Li Hanyu,Wang Yuepeng,Xia Ning,Xu Lina
Cooked beef is susceptible to moisture loss and oxidative reactions during long-term frozen storage, resulting in quality degradation and considerable loss of commercial value. This research develops an edible antioxidant coating utilising gelatin hydrolysate (GH) and sodium alginate (SA) to establish a safe and effective preservation technology. The GH-4 sample with high antioxidant activity was prepared via controlled enzymatic hydrolysis, leveraging the efficient hydrolytic activity of alkaline proteases and their specific cleavage of hydrophobic amino acid sites in gelatin macromolecules. Research indicates that GH-4 primarily consists of bioactive peptides with molecular weights below 2000 Da (91.63%). The incorporation of GH significantly enhanced the rheological properties, thermal stability, and barrier performance of the SA-based coating while substantially improving its antioxidant activity. FTIR and XRD analyses confirmed excellent compatibility between the two components. This composite coating significantly reduced thawing loss, color and texture deterioration, and microbial growth in cooked beef during six months of frozen storage, while effectively inhibiting increases in TVB-N and TBARS levels. This study demonstrates that the GH/SA composite coating combines physical barrier properties with bioactive characteristics, establishing it as a highly promising natural preservation method for maintaining the quality and extending the shelf life of frozen cooked meat products. Graphical abstract The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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Microsystems & Nanoengineering
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2026
·Vol. 12
·期 1
·137
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IF 11.1
Zhao Xing,Zhu Xiangnan,Chen Dexiang,Wei Yunjia,Yao Lei,Li Weiyi,Li Guoqun,Sun Zixuan,Zhao Yixin,Fan Xingce,Qiu Teng,Hao Qi
For plasmonic materials, it is crucial to modulate and couple their localized surface-plasmon resonances (LSPRs) frequencies with the incident laser to generate resonant electromagnetic fields. While the LSPR properties of colloidal plasmonic particles are well-established, the distinct morphology and LSPR behaviors of plasmonic nanoarrays fabricated by template-assisted evaporation remain insufficiently explored. This study systematically investigates the effects of particle diameter, deposition thickness, and surface roughness on the LSPR characteristics of nanoarrays. Furthermore, we demonstrate precise tuning of LSPRs through adjustments to the dielectric medium and composition in multilayer nanoparticles, as well as polarization dependence of anisotropic nanoparticles. Several critical, yet often overlooked, aspects were identified: (1) Physically deposited nanoparticles exhibit non-spherical morphologies, leading to LSPR characteristics that are distinct from those of idealized spheres. (2) Out-of-plane geometry strongly influences the LSPR response; notably, increasing the particle thickness can induce an LSPR blueshift, contrary to conventional expectations. (3) The dielectric environment plays a decisive role in governing the LSPRs of nanoarrays, including contributions from both the dielectric substrate and the surrounding medium. Moreover, we also demonstrate the capability of AAO-templated nanoarrays for plasmonic refractive index sensing, revealing a red shift of the LSPR peak with increasing refractive index and enhanced sensitivity for larger particle diameters. These findings provide insight into LSPR behaviors in nanoarrays and establish strategies for precise plasmonic tuning, deploying in LSPR sensing applications. The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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Journal of Translational Medicine
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2026
·Vol. 24
·期 1
·492
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IF 9.7
Li Ze,Ling Yimin,Xiao Wei,Li JiaZheng,Rong JiaHui,Zhang Zewen,Wei Yan,Huo Zhongchao,Li Dong
Background Scutellarin (SCU) is a natural flavonoid compound exhibiting anti-tumor activity. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying SCU’s therapeutic effects in liver cancer. Methods An integrated approach combining network pharmacology and transcriptomic analysis was employed to identify SCU-related targets, followed by the identification of core targets through protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction and topological analysis using MCC and MCODE algorithms. A circular RNA (circRNA)-mediated competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory network was constructed by integrating data from databases including miRWALK and circBANK with whole-transcriptome sequencing. Molecular interactions were experimentally validated using Western blotting, dual-luciferase reporter assays, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). In Huh7 and HepG2 cells, overexpression and knockdown models of key RNAs were established to evaluate their functional roles, with cell proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis assessed via CCK-8, colony formation, and flow cytometry assays. To investigate in vivo anti-tumor efficacy and associated mechanisms, a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model was established in nude mice. Results Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomic analysis identified 11 core genes significantly enriched in the estrogen signaling pathway, among which ESR1 was validated as a key target. SCU downregulated ESR1 expression in a dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, SCU upregulated miR-2682-5p while downregulating circSRBD1. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that miR-2682-5p directly binds to the 3′UTRs of both circSRBD1 and ESR1, supporting the existence of a circSRBD1/miR-2682-5p/ESR1 ceRNA regulatory axis. Functional studies demonstrated that overexpression of circSRBD1 attenuated SCU-induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and suppression of proliferation, whereas silencing circSRBD1 enhanced these effects. Furthermore, SCU and fulvestrant exhibited synergistic anti-tumor activity both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion This study identifies a novel circSRBD1/miR-2682-5p/ESR1 ceRNA regulatory axis that plays a critical role in mediating SCU’s inhibitory effects on liver cancer progression, highlighting the potential therapeutic value of combining SCU with fulvestrant. Clinical trial number Not applicable.
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JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY
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2026
·Vol. 52
·期 2
·27
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IF 2.1
Peng Lishu,Huang Qianqian,Xiao Wei
Phytophagous mites are known to possess olfactory sensitivity, enabling them to detect plant volatiles. Unlike insects, which detect plant volatiles primarily via odorant receptors (ORs), Tetranychus cinnabarinus , a highly destructive phytophagous species, lacks ORs and ionotropic receptors (IRs); it may rely on its retained ionotropic co-receptor (IR25a-like) genes for olfactory detection. Whether these IR25a-like receptor mediate plant volatile perception in this species remains unknown. Here, we cloned three IR25a-like genes— TcinIR25a-1 , TcinIR25a-2 , and TcinIR25a-3 —and found that their expression was modulated by exposure to plant volatiles. RNA interference (RNAi) of TcinIR25a-1 or TcinIR25a-2 significantly altered female behavioral responses in Y-tube olfactometer assays, indicating their involvement in detecting plant volatiles. This study demonstrates for the first time that IR25a-like genes mediate plant volatile detection in T. cinnabarinus , offering new insights into mite olfactory mechanisms and potential molecular targets for behavior-based pest management.
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CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS AND THERAPY
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2026
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IF 3.5
Sha Lei,Du Anning,Xu Xiaoying,Li Zhu,Xu Biao,Kang Lina
Purpose Mitochondrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte death drive pressure overload-induced heart failure (HF). N-lactylphenylalanine (N-Lac-Phe) plays an important role in the myocardial metabolic network after infarction. However, its role in chronic pressure overload heart failure remains unclear. This study examines N-Lac-Phe’s effects on cardiac function in transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced heart failure and mitochondrial function in Angiotensin II (Ang II)-injured H9c2 cardiomyoblasts. Methods Human plasma Lac‑Phe levels were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and correlated with heart failure. In mice, echocardiography and other methods assessed the impact of Lac‑Phe on cardiac function, H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, and mitochondria. In vitro, H9c2 cells were treated with Ang II and Lac‑Phe, followed by analysis of apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction using immunoblotting and fluorescent staining. Results Plasma Lac‑Phe levels were negatively correlated with cardiac function. In TAC‑induced heart failure mice, Lac‑Phe administration improved cardiac function, attenuated myocardial injury including fibrosis, hypertrophy, apoptosis and ferroptosis, and alleviated the downregulation of MFN2. In Ang II‑injured H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, Lac‑Phe reduced apoptosis, restored mitochondrial function, and upregulated p‑AMPK, PGC‑1α and MFN2 expression. Conclusion N-Lac-Phe correlates with cardiac function and improves TAC-induced heart failure by reducing apoptosis, ferroptosis, and mitochondrial damage. It may attenuate Ang II-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction via the AMPK/PGC-1α/MFN2 axis.
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Hepatology International
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2026
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IF 7.8
Meng Hui,Wang Zeyuan,Wang Liye,Fang Xiaokun,Li Haonan,Ma Weiqian,Ding Yi,Nan Manman,Meng Yu,Li Ling,Li Yizhen,Chen Kuisheng,Zhang Mingzhi
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive primary liver malignancy characterized by limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. Within the tumor microenvironment (TME), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) predominantly exhibit an M2-like phenotype, contributing to immune escape and tumor progression. Zymogen granule protein 16 (ZG16) has been reported to be downregulated in HCC, but its precise biological function and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of ZG16 on HCC cell metastasis and TAM infiltration, as well as to elucidate its molecular mechanism. Methods Gain- and loss-of-function assays were used to verify the effect of ZG16 on HCC cell metastasis, as well as the recruitment and M2 polarization of TAMs. The underlying mechanism of ZG16 was explored by immunoprecipitation–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (IP–LC/MS) analysis, co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) assay, and GST pull-down assay. Results Our results demonstrated that ZG16 overexpression significantly inhibited metastasis of HCC cells while also suppressing the recruitment and M2 polarization of TAMs, suggesting its dual role in both tumor cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental regulation. Notably, sorting nexin 9 (SNX9), a facilitator of HCC, was identified as a downstream target of ZG16. Mechanistically, we uncovered that ZG16 physically interacted with SNX9 and promoted its protein degradation through the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway. Functional rescue experiments provided compelling evidence that SNX9 overexpression effectively counteracted ZG16-mediated suppression of both HCC progression and TAM M2 polarization. Further mechanism exploration confirmed that ZG16 promoted the ubiquitination and degradation of SNX9 by recruiting itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (ITCH). Conclusions Our findings certify that ZG16 suppresses tumor progression and M2 polarization of TAMs in HCC through ITCH-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of SNX9. The ZG16/ITCH/SNX9 axis may represent an important regulatory pathway and potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY
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2026
·Vol. 28
·期 2
·45
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IF 2.8
Huang Zelin,Xiao Chuanbo,Liu Xia,Huang Junwa,Song Lv,Zhao Shenfu,Yang Dan,Gao Hujun,Ke Zhenlin,Li Yuxiao,Yang Lihua,Ye Hua,Yang Huijun,Luo Hui
This study investigated the effects of dietary formic acid on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, serum biochemistry, digestive enzyme activity, gut microbiota composition, and transcriptomic profiles of largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides ). Four isonitrogenous (52.67% crude protein) and isolipidic (9.31% crude lipid) experimental diets were formulated: control (CG, 0.00% formic acid), FA1 (0.2%), FA2 (0.6%), and FA3 (1.0%). A total of 480 juvenile fish (initial body weight: 17.31 ± 0.10 g) were randomly allocated into four groups consisting of three replicate tanks (30 fish per tank). The fish were fed these diets for 9 weeks. The results showed that dietary formic acid significantly increased final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) ( P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 0.2% formic acid significantly increased muscle and whole-body crude protein and lipid content, while improving mineral composition, fatty acid profiles, and amino acid profiles ( P < 0.05). Digestive enzymes activity, including pepsin and lipase in stomach and trypsin, lipase and Na + /K + -ATPase in intestine, was enhanced ( P < 0.05). Additionally, it elevated antioxidant activities (T-AOC, T-SOD, and GSH-Px) and serum immune parameters (LZM, ACP, and AKP activities, as well as TP and GLB contents) in M. salmoides . In terms of intestinal microorganisms, it was revealed that exogenous formic acid significantly changed intestinal microbial composition: decreased the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria such as Plesiomonas and Pseudomonas ( P < 0.05); and increased the abundance of probiotics such as Bacillus , Acinetobacter , and Cetobacterium ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, functional analysis revealed that the abundance of microbial functions related to nutrient metabolism increased significantly in FA1 group ( P < 0.05). Compared with CG group fish, both the most up-regulated DEGs and the most down-regulated DEGs were related to the cell cycle, intestinal immune network for IgA production, and mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggested that exogenous formic acid influences host intestinal gene expression and the structure of the gut microbiota, and contributes to digestion and absorption capacity and health in M. salmoides .
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FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
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2026
·Vol. 52
·期 2
·40
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IF 3
Zhang Shasha,Li Xinran,Gao Yaxin,Dong Qian,Jin Xiaomin,Shi Pan,Dong Jingquan
Difenoconazole (DFZ) is a persistent triazole fungicide that leads to aquatic toxicity and ecosystem damage due to its environmental persistence and high toxicity. Curcumin (CUR), a natural polyphenol derived from turmeric, exhibits strong anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor properties. This study assesses CUR’s protective role against DFZ-induced kidney injury in carp and investigates its mechanisms. Carp were exposed to DFZ for 30 days, with dietary supplementation of 400 mg/kg CUR. H&E staining revealed that CUR significantly reduced DFZ-induced histopathological damage in the kidneys. Dihydroethidium staining and biochemical assays demonstrated that CUR effectively lowered Reactive Oxygen Species levels and lipid peroxidation. Through biochemical kits, qPCR, and Western blotting, it was found that CUR decreased T-AOC and iron content, while activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, thereby alleviating ferroptosis. CUR also upregulated the expression of xCT and GPX4, increased GSH levels, and further suppressed ferroptosis. In terms of inflammation, CUR improved the response by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines (iNOS, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) and increasing anti-inflammatory factors (IL-10, TGF-β1). With regard to apoptosis, CUR inhibited pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Cleaved-caspase3, Cleaved-caspase9, Cytochrome c) and restored the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. In conclusion, CUR alleviates DFZ-induced kidney injury in carp by inhibiting ferroptosis through the Nrf2/GPX4 axis, while reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study highlights CUR as a promising natural agent for mitigating environmental toxicity caused by triazole fungicides. Graphical
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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
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2026
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IF 4.8
Shuyu Zhao,Nan Lv,Tianyi Liu,Yuhong Sun,Peiling Li
Preeclampsia (PE), a rare complication with a high incidence and mortality rate, causes tremendous mental and physical impairment to pregnant women. Emerging studies have identified that PE was primarily induced by inadequate trophoblast migration and invasion. Poly(A) Binding Protein Cytoplasmic 1 (PABPC1) is a critical modulator of mRNA translation and stability, with established role in modulating proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion of tumor cells. Transmembrane BAX Inhibitor Motif Containing 4 (TMBIM4), which negatively regulates apoptosis, is downregulated in placental tissues of patients with early-onset preeclampsia (EOPE). Notably, 3'UTR motif of TMBIM4 mRNA contains PABPC1 binding site. Here, we investigated the functional role of PABPC1 on regulating proliferation and invasion of trophoblast cells, and how PABPC1 modulated mRNA stability of TMBIM4. HTR-8/SVneo cells transfected with silencing or overexpressed PABPC1 plasmid were applied as the in vitro model. The results revealed that PABPC1 facilitated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as inhibited apoptosis. Moreover, Sprague Dawley rats were received intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharides administration at 40 μg/kg on gestational days 14.5, 15.5, and 16.5. Upregulated PABPC1 ameliorated elevated blood pressure and severe kidney impairment. Furthermore, for the rescue experiments, the effect of PABPC1 on boosting cell proliferation and invasion was blocked by silencing TMBIM4. More interestingly, according to RIP-qPCR and dual luciferase reporter assays, PABPC1 enhanced TMBIM4 expression through enhancing its mRNA stability via binding to its 3'UTR. Taken together, PABPC1 suppressed EOPE development through boosting trophoblast proliferation and invasion by elevating TMBIM4 mRNA stability. Our findings firstly elucidated the vital effect of PABPC1 on EOPE pathogenesis and highlighted that PABPC1 upregulation might be developed as a promising strategy for EOPE treatment.
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