NANO
·
2026
·
IF 1.3
Zhida Yang,Wenkai Wang,Binbin Gao,Tianzi Xu,Dongxue Zhou,Rongjie Li,Wei Liu,Honglu Liang,Guangsheng Dong,Hongzhi Yuan,Wenjun Dong,Honglin Chen
The Cu@Ag core-shell particles can be employed as conductive phase in conductor paste. Ag shell is designed to protect Cu core from oxidation. To obtain thin, dense and uniform Ag shell on Cu core, a novel electroless Ag plating process for Ag coating is developed. In the process, acacia gum (AG) acts as surfactant and dispersant, manipulating Ag deposition on Cu slowly and accurately. Benefit from the reduction potential difference between Ag and Cu, a thin reduced Ag shell is plated on Cu core with layer growth mode firstly. Then, inhomogeneous surface energy of Ag shell commands its following growth with an island mode. Finally, these Ag islands grow to contact and bond together, resulting in an uniform and dense Ag shell for Cu@Ag. After optimization, the Cu@Ag particle shows excellent oxidation resistant. A mass increase of only 0.5% is observed in it at 300°C. Meanwhile, the Cu@Ag with regular structure also presents remarkable volume conductivity. Over all, the spectacular performance of prepared Cu@Ag powder indicates its promising application in conductive paste.
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
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IF 12.2
Andong Hu,Bing Li,Shang Yang,Ruili Li,Yuefei Huang,Shungui Zhou,Guangqian Wang
The mobilization of abundant but immobilized phosphorus into bioavailable forms is conventionally attributed to microbial metabolite production. Yet the persistence of reductive transformations in hydrodynamically active environments with limited microbial metabolism implies a previously overlooked abiotic pathway. Here, we reveal hydrodynamic-driven phosphorus mobilization via a piezoelectric energy-transduction pathway. Hydrodynamic forces enhanced phosphate release 3-fold in natural intertidal sediments, whereas ultrasonic treatment further elevated the release through processes operating independently of microbial activity. Mechanistic investigation confirmed that piezoelectrically generated electrons directly reduce Fe(III) species, releasing mineral-bound phosphate while simultaneously facilitating secondary mineral formation. This pathway fundamentally challenges the established paradigm of biologically dominated phosphorus cycling and establishes hydrodynamic energy as a primary driver of phosphorus transformation. Given the global distribution of hydrodynamic energy and piezoelectric minerals, this mechanism likely operates worldwide, particularly under climate-intensified hydrodynamic conditions. These processes may elevate aquatic nutrient fluxes and eutrophication risks, highlighting the need to quantify their environmental significance and develop management strategies. In addition, our findings could advance the interpretation of historical phosphorus cycling while enabling sustainable phosphorus recovery through piezoelectric processes.
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ACS Omega
·
2026
·
IF 5.2
Jingjing Kuang,Yu An,Jianguo Zhu,Kehua Jiang,Fa Sun,Kun Chen
Interleukin-7 (IL7) plays a pivotal role in T cell biology; however, its therapeutic potential is constrained by its short half-life. Conventional chemical biotinylation frequently results in random modifications that compromise its bioactivity. This study endeavors to establish a prokaryotic system for the site-specific biotinylation of IL7 utilizing AviTag and underscores its advantages over random biotinylation in retaining functionality. A recombinant plasmid (pET-Dual-His-IL7-avi-birA) was constructed to coexpress AviTag-fused IL7 and BirA ligase, which was subsequently transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). Optimal expression conditions were determined as follows: cultivation at 37 °C with shaking at 200 rpm for 12 h following induction with 0.5 mM IPTG in the presence of 80 μM biotin. The expressed protein, predominantly localized in inclusion bodies, was purified using Ni-NTA resin supplemented with 250 mM imidazole. Biotinylation efficiency was confirmed through Western blot analysis and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). Functional characterization encompassed T cell proliferation and apoptosis assays employing CCK-8 methodology and flow cytometry, respectively, alongside comparative analyses against chemically randomized biotinylated IL7. Site-specifically biotinylated IL7 (biotin-IL7) was successfully generated and purified. It specifically bound streptavidin and retained T cell proliferative activity comparable to native IL7. Compared with randomly biotinylated IL7, site-specific exhibited stronger induction of T cell proliferation, less interference with antibody binding, and more effective downregulation of T cell apoptosis. The AviTag/BirA-based biotinylation system provides an efficient, economical, and scalable method for producing functional biotin-IL7 with enhanced stability and targeting potential. The key advantages of site-specific over random biotinylation were confirmed: preservation of IL7’s bioactivity, reduction of functional interference, and enhancement of therapeutic efficacy. This approach offers a paradigm for optimizing small therapeutic proteins, particularly in cancer immunotherapy, while highlighting the need to improve soluble expression and biotinylation efficiency.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2026
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IF 8.3
Wenyue Du,Rongcai Jia,Liang Guo,Yanlu Yang
Accurate and rapid ammonia detection is critical for environmental monitoring and clinical diagnosis of chronic kidney disease. Herein, a highly sensitive room-temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) in electrochemical ammonia sensor based on a Pt-Ru electrode was developed for detecting ammonia concentrations ranging from 0 to 100 ppm. To achieve prolonged operational life and stability, 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([HOETMIM][BF 4 ]) was utilized as the electrolyte. Nickel cobaltite (NiCo 2 O 4 ) and γ-MnO 2 were synthesized separately via hydrothermal methods. The effects of modified ionic liquids on the sensor’s performance were investigated by incorporating different mass fractions of NiCo 2 O 4 and γ-MnO 2 . Comprehensive analyses, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Mapping, energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), confirmed the successful and rational synthesis of the samples. The ammonia sensing performance of the ILs/NiCo 2 O 4 /γ-MnO 2 sensor was studied at room temperature (25°C) using constant potential polarization (it) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. The testing data demonstrated that the optimized ILs/NiCo 2 O 4 /γ-MnO 2 sensor(5 wt% composite, 1:1 mass ratio) exhibited good sensitivity of 0.10 ± 0.02 μA/ppm, a limit of detection(LOD) of 1 ± 0.2 ppm, and a limit of quantification(LOQ) of 3 ± 0.5 ppm. The response and recovery times show clear difference among different sysrems: pure IL system exhibited 510 s/530 s, 5 wt% composite modified system achieved 12.22 s/3.6 s, and the fastest recorded values in batch tests were 17 s/14.5 s. Compared to traditional ionic liquid sensors, the ILs/NiCo 2 O 4 /γ-MnO 2 sensor demonstrated a significant improvement in ammonia sensing performance, with a selectivity ratio > 10 against common interfering gases.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
·
2016
·Vol. 121
·期 3
·713-720
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IF 2.156
Wang Z.‐G.,Xiang D.,Wang X.‐B.,Li C.‐F.
AimsA high‐quality inoculum of Gluconacetobacter xylinus is important to produce bacterial cellulose (BC), a versatile biomaterial. This work aims to develop a method of preparing an inoculum of this bacterium with high cell density and without mutants.Methods and ResultsInocula of G. xylinus ACCC 10220 without and with cellulase or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were prepared in shaken culture. BC pellets and BC‐negative mutants were present in the inoculum without additives but absent in the inoculum with additives. Based on BC weights statically produced in fresh BC‐producing media initiated by different seed culture, the 24‐h‐shaken inoculum with 1·50% (w/v) CMC was the best because of high biomass and absence of mutants. The BC weights in fresh media inoculated by the 96‐h‐static inoculum and 24‐h‐shaken CMC inoculum at 7% (v/v) were 0·70 and 1·05 g l−1, respectively, implying significant difference (P < 0·01) in BC weights. However, structure properties of the two BC samples, including the crystallinity index, mass fraction of cellulose Iα, degree of polymerization (DP) and micromorphology were slightly different.ConclusionsThe 24‐h‐shaken CMC inoculum was the most suitable for a starter culture of BC.Significance and Impact of the StudyA novel method of preparing G. xylinus inoculum in shaken culture was developed, featuring high biomass, absence of mutants and no BC entanglements. Cellulase or CMC added into the medium completely suppressed mutation of G. xylinus, and CMC facilitated to form colloidal BC with the low DP in shaken culture, indicating less BC stress to cells. These findings suggested the mutation could be induced by BC stress, and not by shear stress commonly accepted.
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Journal of Energy Storage
·
2026
·
IF 10.7
Long Zhao,Ke Wang,Wenbo Wang,Xuelin Chen,Xu Zhang,Bingjun Yang,Peiyu Wang,Juan Yang,Wanjun Chen,Bao Yang,Pengjun Ma
Direct regeneration of spent LiFePO 4 (SLFP) cathode materials is crucial for the sustainable development of new energy vehicles and other energy storage sectors. However, challenges persist in conventional regeneration technology, including severe secondary pollution, low economic efficiency, and a complex regeneration process. Herein, a direct regeneration strategy for SLFP is proposed through a water bath approach, wherein the synergistic interplay between Glycine as the reducing agent and Li 2 CO 3 as the lithium source profoundly influences the regeneration of the SLFP. The direct regeneration mechanism reveal that the synergistic interaction of the reducing agent and the lithium source contribute to facilitating re-lithiation and lattice restoration, wherein Glycine as an electron donor to create a reductive environment to transform Fe(III) into Fe(II) and Li 2 CO 3 as the lithium source is synchronously reintroducing to repair the Fe Li anti-site defects in the lattice, thereby achieving the regeneration LFP (RLFP). Moreover, the nitrogen that derives from the amino groups in Glycine is doped into the carbon layer of the RLFP, offering more active sites to enhance Li + migration kinetics, thereby endowing the RLFP with excellent rate capability. The RLFP demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance with an initial discharge capacity of 155.7 mAh g −1 at 0.1C and capacity retention of 92% after 200 cycles at 0.5C. This strategy inspires novel insights into the in situ direct regeneration of the SLFP cathode materials.
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ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 37
·期 11
·105471
·
IF 4.5
Fuhua Luo,Dan Liu,Pan Yu,Luyi Xu,Mingyan An,Songlin Chen,Shuming Wen
During the separation process of pyrite and chalcopyrite, baicalin has an inhibitory effect on pyrite. • The adsorption amount of baicalin on pyrite is greater than that on chalcopyrite. • It elucidates the adsorption mechanism of baicalin on the surface of pyrite. • Baicalin adsorbed on pyrite and blocked subsequent collector adsorption on the mineral surface. In this study, baicalin (BA), a flavonoid compound, was used as a depressant for the selective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite. The performance and mechanism of the depressant were comprehensively investigated. BA exhibited selective inhibition of pyrite during flotation separation. Under conditions of pH = 6, a BA dosage of 20 mg/L, a potassium butyl xanthate (KBX) dosage of 15 mg/L, and a MIBC dosage of 20 mg/L, the copper recovery rate in the concentrate reached 74.51%, with a grade of 33.707%. Contact angle and ToF-SIMS measurements showed that BA exhibited selective adsorption on the pyrite surface, thereby enhancing surface hydrophilicity. In contrast, the adsorption of BA on the chalcopyrite surface was found to be negligible. XPS and FTIR analyses further confirmed that the carboxyl or hydroxyl groups in baicalin exhibit strong adsorption at Fe sites on the surface of pyrite, whereas adsorption on the surface of chalcopyrite is weaker. Therefore, BA has the potential to serve as a depressant for the selective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite. As a flavonoid, BA contains carboxyl (–COO) and hydroxyl (–OH) groups, which readily interact with active metal sites on the mineral surface. XPS results further confirm that the carboxyl (–COO) or hydroxyl (–OH) groups of BA interact with Fe ion sites on the surface of pyrite, while FTIR results further confirm that BA exhibits strong adsorption through the interaction of its hydroxyl (–OH) groups with Fe ion sites on the surface of pyrite. BA adsorbed on the pyrite surface occupies space and exerts electrostatic repulsion, thereby hindering the adsorption of KBX on the pyrite surface, thus achieving the selective flotation separation of pyrite and chalcopyrite. Based on the experimental results and mechanistic analysis, the adsorption of BA and KBX on pyrite and chalcopyrite was qualitatively simulated; Fig. 16 shows a schematic diagram of the qualitative adsorption of BA and KBX on pyrite and chalcopyrite. Download: Download high-res image (206KB) Download: Download full-size image
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·
IF 6.1
Shijing Yang,Yajing Sun,Yaming Yang,Yubin Peng,Yang Xu
Background The ubiquitous microplastics (MPs) are serious threaten to human health because of their tiny size, wide distribution and low degradation. Due to their stable physicochemical properties and low cost, plastics are widely used in multiple fields. Consequently, constructing convenient analytical assay for MPs becomes a critical frontier. Results In this work, we report a low-cost, portable sensing platform that enables the rapid quantification of polyethylene (PE) MPs in environmental samples. The platform is constructed involving an ultraviolet light-emitting module, a color sensor, a miniaturized liquid crystal display and an Arduino microcontroller, which are integrated into a single 3D-printed box. The “turn-on” yellow fluorescence signal that recorded by color sensor is originated from a staining process between boron-doped carbon dots (B-CDs) and PE MPs via vacuum filtration. Since yellow signal enhances with the mass increase of PE MPs, blue value in RGB is decrease. Linear calibrations are acquired with a mass range of 0.15-1.00 mg and a particle size range of 2-5 μm for PE MPs. Furthermore, the PE content can be programmatically displayed on the liquid crystal display. Significance and novelty A portable fluorescence sensor integrated with an Arduino microcontroller was developed, which can rapidly quantify PE MPs. This solution does not require additional benchtop instrumentations and complex post-processing. The proposed assay is inexpensive, user-friendly and field-deployable, representing a significant step toward portable sensing of MPs.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2026
·
IF 12.5
Changpeng Wang,Hongyao Ding,Yuming Deng,Libo Zhang,Runjie Zhai,Hui Li,Si Yu Zheng
The gel integrates high stretchability, high toughness and high resilience. • The ratio of residual strain to applied strain is as low as 4.48% at 2000% strain. • The gel achieves high fatigue threshold (1.25 kJ/m2) via heterogeneous structure. • The gel maintains good mechanical and electrical performance at −20 °C. Hydrogels have emerged as a research focus in flexible electronics owing to their inherent softness and biocompatibility. However, practical applications are often hindered by insufficient stretchability, flaw sensitivity, significant hysteresis, and a tendency to freeze at subzero temperatures. Here, we designed an anti-freezing hydrogel that combines high toughness, resilience, and notch insensitivity, based on a network of polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), CaCl₂, and KCl. The highly entangled PAA/PEO network provides fundamental elasticity, facilitates stress transfer between chains, and ensures resilience. Meanwhile, Ca 2+ ions bind with carboxyl groups from PAA and ether oxygens from PEO, forming robust domains to strengthen the network and impede crack propagation. The unbound parts of CaCl₂ and KCl act not only as mobile ions to enhance ionic conductivity, but also as hydrating agents for freeze resistance. The resulting hydrogel demonstrated remarkable stretchability (2077%), low hysteresis (with the ratio of residual strain to applied strain was as low as 4.48% at 2000% strain), high fracture toughness (7.3 kJ/m 2 ), and high fatigue threshold (1.25 kJ/m 2 ). Its mechanical and electrical properties were well maintained even at −20 °C. This work should provide a promising strategy for designing high-performance hydrogels toward next-generation flexible electronics. Download: Download high-res image (291KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhang Yunlong,Bing Qiming,Tu Yunchuan,Chen Shiming,Cui Xiaoju,Zan Lingxing,Li Mingrun,Hu Jingting,Yu Liang,Deng Dehui
Mild-condition methane (CH 4 ) oxidation into valuable chemicals using earth-abundant oxygen (O 2 ) is a highly desirable yet challenging process due to the chemical inertness of CH 4 and the low reactivity of O 2 . Herein, we report an ultrasound-catalysis coupling strategy for highly efficient conversion of CH 4 into high-value oxygenates under mild conditions, using O 2 as an oxidant and carbon nanotube-supported platinum nanoparticles (Pt/CNT) as a catalyst. It achieves a superior formation rate of 3727 μmol g cat. −1 h −1 and a selectivity of 92% for C 1-2 oxygenates at 5 o C and 0.1 MPa, significantly surpassing both previously reported thermo-catalytic and ultrasound-driven processes under low-temperature conditions. We find that ultrasound-driven surface cleaning effect enhances the exposure of active Pt sites, thereby facilitating the adsorption of CH 4 and O 2 . Furthermore, the localized and instantaneous high-temperature and high-pressure microenvironment generated by ultrasonic cavitation not only promotes the activation of CH 4 and O 2 for C−H cleavage and C−O coupling, but also accelerates the mass transfer of reactants and products.
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EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS
·
2026
·
IF 2
Cong SHI,Jianhua SUN,Jumin NIU
Intrauterine adhesion (IUA) is a significant contributor to uterine infertility, primarily characterized by endometrial fibrosis. Although diacerein exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties, its therapeutic potential in IUA remains unclear. This study investigated the protective effects of diacerein in an IUA rat model induced by mechanical injury. Histological analysis revealed that diacerein treatment alleviated endometrial damage, and immunohistochemical staining confirmed the restoration of CK19 and CK18 expression, indicating improved epithelial integrity and regeneration. Diacerein mitigated endometrial fibrosis by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as evidenced by increased E-cadherin and decreased N-cadherin expression, likely via suppression of TGFβ/SMAD2 signaling. Diacerein exerted anti-inflammatory effects in IUA rats. Notably, diacerein inhibited ferroptosis by reducing lipid peroxidation, limiting Fe²⁺ accumulation, and modulating ferroptosis-related proteins, including ACSL4, SLC7A11, GPX4, and FTH1. The protective effects of diacerein were mirrored by ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 treatment but reversed by ferroptosis inducer Erastin, confirming that diacerein alleviates endometrial fibrosis in IUA rats through ferroptosis suppression. Mechanistically, diacerein modulated the NRF2/HMGB1 signaling pathway, restoring NRF2 and HO1 levels while downregulating HMGB1 expression. Collectively, these findings suggest that diacerein effectively attenuates ferroptosis-mediated fibrosis in IUA, highlighting ferroptosis inhibition as a promising therapeutic strategy for IUA management.
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BIOMATERIALS
·
2026
·
IF 13.6
Baoshan Huang,Wenkai Xu,Xinying Qiu,Baoping Ye,Zhiyi Wan,Xinyue Luo,Binyue Feng,Shengjin Xiang,Kaihui Nan,Sen Lin
Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in glaucomatous trabecular meshwork (TM) degeneration, whereas increasing intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD + ) levels can restore mitochondrial homeostasis, offering therapeutic benefits for glaucoma. We propose that intracellular NAD + can be boosted by promoting NAD + biosynthesis through the co-delivery of nicotinamide (NAM), an NAD + precursor, and the gene encoding nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1 ( Nmnat1 ), the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD + biosynthesis that consumes NAM. To achieve high gene transfection efficiency, the Nmnat1 gene was encapsulated in a multifunctional lipid nanoparticle ( Nmnat1 -LNPs). The combination of Nmnat1 -LNPs and NAM synergistically reversed mitochondrial dysfunction in primary human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMCs) model. We then developed a new annular sector-shaped microneedle patch (AS-MNs), enabling localized delivery of Nmnat1 -LNPs and NAM to the TM. Following application, Nmnat1 -LNPs and NAM dual-loaded AS-MNs (Dual@AS-MNs) significantly enhanced the bioavailability of both the Nmnat1 gene and NAM in the TM tissue, leading to a marked reduction in intraocular pressure and alleviation of TM fibrosis in a dexamethasone-induced mice model of glaucoma, highlighting its therapeutic potential. This study presents the first development of an annular sector-shaped microneedle patch as a targeted TM drug delivery platform, and offers a promising new combinatorial strategy for glaucoma treatment.
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