NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 48
·期 37
·16230-16242
·
IF 2.7
Liang Wei,Sihong Li,Haibo Wang,Zimei Mo,Junji Chen,Meng Li,Hongxi Zhang,Jing Yang,Xiande Yang
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a mycotoxin commonly found in foodstuffs, poses significant health risks when ingested through contaminated food sources. Therefore, it is imperative to devise a safe and efficient method for AFB1 degradation. Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) stands out as an exceptionally stable, non-toxic, and economical photocatalyst, which is widely used in photocatalysis. In this study, we explored the photocatalytic performance of four g-C3N4 catalysts derived from different precursors (dicyandiamide (D-CN), melamine (M-CN), thiourea (T-CN), and urea (U-CN)) in AFB1 degradation under visible light. Notably, the U-CN catalyst displayed an impressive degradation rate of 93.5% for AFB1 within 30 min, outperforming M-CN (82.5%), T-CN (78.5%), and D-CN (46.2%). This superior performance is attributed to its inherent porous structure, enlarged specific surface area, and reduced electron–hole pairs’ recombination rate. Additionally, our investigation identified ˙O2− as the primary active species in AFB1 degradation. Furthermore, we explored the degradation pathway of AFB1 and its associated inactivation mechanism mediated by the U-CN catalyst. This work provides a theoretical foundation for developing highly efficient photocatalysts in AFB1 degradation.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2024
·Vol. 35
·期 27
·1-14
·
IF 2.8
Kavitha T.,Renukadevi S.,Veerasamy R.
The hydrothermal approach was used to synthesise a composite photocatalyst of Ag 2 WO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 . This photocatalyst proved effective in preventing Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) when exposed to visible light. Imaging microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), N 2 adsorption–desorption analysis, UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS), and photoluminescence (PL) were among the many methods used to comprehensively characterize the photocatalysts’ physicochemical characteristics. In comparison to pure g-C 3 N 4 and Ag 2 WO 4 under visible light, the produced photocatalysts demonstrated significantly improved photocatalytic cleaning efficiency. In addition, under visible light irradiation for 60 min, a mixture of 5 percent Ag 2 WO 4 and 100 milligrammes of g-C 3 N 4 was able to entirely kill many live bacteria. The ideal mass ratio for this combination was 5 weight percent. By working in tandem, g-C 3 N 4 and Ag 2 WO 4 increase the separation rate of photogenerated electron–hole pairs and ensure that Ag 2 WO 4 particles are evenly distributed over the g-C 3 N 4 surface, leading to a high disinfection efficiency. These hybrids outperform pure g-C 3 N 4 in the visible range when it comes to the efficiency of hydrogen evolution (3761.1 µmol h −1 g −1 ). A higher degree of photocatalytic activity may be achieved in the composite Ag 2 WO 4 /g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst through boosting the spacing of charge carriers produced by photons in the two photocatalysts.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Wei Zhang,Yibing Hao,Caitiao Fang,Xiaomin Dou,Jun Liu
Intrinsically, g-C 3 N 4 has high-density defects, insufficient efficiencies of photogenerated charge carrier separation and transfer, and inadequate photocatalytic ability against antibiotics. A facile crystallinity engineering on g-C 3 N 4 assisted by molten-salts and simultaneously fine-tuning the triazine-heptazine ratio led to forming type-II homojunctions, without introducing foreign atoms and being metal-free. It was successfully achieved through modulating the calcination temperatures and using KCl-LiCl. The salts accelerated deamination reaction kinetics, tuned the unit ratio, and improved the degree of carbon nitride polymerization. At a triazine-heptazine ratio of 74:26 obtained at 450 °C, 10 mg/L of tylosin was completely mitigated within 9 min by the catalyst. Active radicals including O 2 − and OH were boosted from charge carriers under visible light, and the recombination of photogenerated excitons was relieved on the interfaces of the homojunctions. Breaking glycosidic bonds and dropping off deoxyglycosyl moieties are considered the main degradation mechanism. The cytotoxicity and acute toxicity of the degradation product are classified as harmless. In addition, 3D-molecular docking between the transformation products and target proteins (L4 and L22) in ribosome confirms toxicity reduction. This work paves a way for efficient and harmless photocatalytic degradation of tylosin by facilely modulating the unit ratio and enhancing the crystallinity of carbon nitride without introducing foreign atoms.
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Xiaorong Gan,Leilei Ye,Huimin Zhao,Dangyuan Lei,Yanhui Ao,Dan Zhao,Peifang Wang
Microenvironments in heterogeneous catalysis have been recognized as equally important as the types and amounts of active sites for regulating catalytic activity. Two-dimensional (2D) nanospaces between van der Waals (vdW) gaps of layered materials provide an ideal microenvironment to create novel functionalities. Here, we explore a facile method for fabricating g-C3N4/2H-MoS2 superlattice-like heterostructures based on thermochemical intercalation and polymerization reactions of formamide within enlarged vdW gaps of 2H-MoS2 nanosheets without any transfer process. DFT calculations demonstrate that the interlayer electron–electron correlations due to the intercalation effect of g-C3N4, rather than high-κ dielectric environments, lead to the improvement of intrinsic conductivity of 2H-MoS2 nanosheets. As the proof of concept in applications for the electrocatalysis field, the heterostructure for hydrogen electrochemical reaction (HER) exhibits high stability and catalytic activity in both acid and alkaline media, such as a quite low onset overpotential of 98 mV, a high exchange current density of 77.6 μA cm–2, and a small Tafel slope (52.9 mV dec–1) in an acid medium. The enhanced HER activity is attributed to the improved conductivity and nanoconfinement effect of 2D nanospaces that decrease the reaction activation energy and activate the inert basal planes.
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Science China-Materials
·
2024
·Vol. 67
·期 7
·2142-2152
·
IF 6.8
Li Yaying,Yang Huijuan,Li Jili,Li Yefei,Ren Wei,Wen Jin,Xiao Qi,Xu Jingsan
Heterojunction photocatalysis has been widely studied as a means of efficiently converting solar energy to chemicals. However, the major challenge in developing high-performing heterojunction photocatalytic systems lies in achieving efficient transfer of electrons between the components. Herein, a novel S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst was developed by combining BaTi 2 O5 nanorods with g-C 3 N 4 lamellae. The preferential deposition of Pt nanoparticles as cocatalyst via the one-step impregnation-reduction method on g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets with enhanced interfacial contact and strong electronic interaction has been proved essential for the photocatalytic performance. The developed Pti mp /20BaTi 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 photocatalyst delivers the optimal hydrogen production rate of 2587 µmol g −1 h −1 with high stability after cycles. Photoelectrochemical analysis and theoretical calculation suggest that the formation of BaTi 2 O 5 /g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction results in the staggered band alignment and improved charge carrier dynamics. This work highlights the importance and feasibility of promoting photocatalysis by a new S-scheme heterojunction with viable cocatalysts.
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FUEL
·
2024
·
IF 6.7
Boxiao Zhao,Jun Xu,Xiaoming Liu,Along Gao,Huiqin Guo,Liushui Yan,Jun Lin
Various of CoS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 nanosheet composites were fabricated through supramolecular self-assembly and copolymerization approaches. This fabrication entailed the incorporation of CoS 2 nanoparticles into ultra-thin layers of g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets. Demonstrating a significant boost, these composites achieved a 28-fold increase in the photocatalytic H 2 evolution from H 2 O with visible light response, without the aid of noble metal nanocrystalline co-catalysts. The enhanced CoS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 composite sustained approximately 92.4 % of its initial photocatalytic activity after four repeated uses. The planar structure of g-C 3 N 4 nanosheet amplifies its specific surface area, which improves access to catalytic sites and reduces the transport distance for photo-excited electrons and holes. Moreover, the close conjunction of CoS 2 nanoparticles and g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets establishes p-n heterojunctions, which promote swift charge separation and transfer at the material interface. Based on these characteristics, an initial model for the photocatalytic process has been proposed. With its remarkable photocatalytic performance and durability, the developed CoS 2 /g-C 3 N 4 composite presents substantial potential for solar-driven H 2 production.
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RSC Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 2
·1311-1322
·
IF 4.6
Wenzhe Li,Xudong Wang,Ye Chen,Pengcheng Wu,Zhengtao Li,Zhiqiang Wang,Deng Gu
Loading with non-metal cocatalysts to regulate interfacial charge transfer and separation has become a prominent focus in current research. In this study, g-C3N4/CNT composites loaded with non-metallic cocatalysts were prepared through in situ pyrolysis using urea and CNTs. Various characterization techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), photoelectrochemical (PEC) analysis, fluorescence lifetime spectroscopy (TRPL), electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (ESR), and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, were employed to analyze the sample's microstructure, phase composition, elemental chemical states, and photoelectronic properties. The photocatalytic performance of the g-C3N4/CNT composite in the degradation of actual drilling hydraulic filtrate was evaluated under simulated sunlight irradiation, with the degradation results assessed through COD and chroma measurements. The findings indicate that in g-C3N4/CNT composites loaded with non-metal cocatalysts, the photocatalytic performance improves significantly as the CNT content increases. At a CNT mass fraction of 6.0%, the composite achieves optimal performance, with a COD degradation rate of 0.3742 h−1 and a chroma degradation rate of 81%. These results offer valuable insights into enhancing photocatalytic treatment of waste drilling hydraulic filtrate using g-C3N4-based non-metallic cocatalysts.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Yunqi Ning,Daqi Lv,Qi Tang,Hanbing Wang,Xiaowan Hu,Yuming Cao,Shansheng Yu,Hongwei Tian
Photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) have widely been explored but fine-tuning and engineering multiphase photocatalyst components are still challenging. Among catalysts, ZnIn 2 S 4 has shown promise but maximizing the use of ZnIn 2 S 4 -photogenerated carriers and enhancing quantum yield still require further investigation. One way to achieve this is by enhancing the photon utilization and reducing the recombination of shallow carriers in ZnIn 2 S 4 . Accordingly, novel ZnIn 2 S 4 /g-C 3 N 4 /MoS 2 type-II heterojunction composites with 2D/2D/2D structures (abbreviated ZIS/CN/MS) were synthesized in the present work by simple thermal condensation-solvothermal method. The optimized ZIS/CN/MS exhibited a photocatalytic hydrogen evolution rate of 13.6 mmol g −1 h −1 under visible light (λ ≥ 420 nm) irradiation, a value much higher than those of pure-phases ZIS and CN, as well as the binary composite of ZIS/CN. The apparent quantum efficiency of the optimized ZIS/CN/MS at a wavelength of 420 nm reached 27.0 % coupled with excellent cycling stability. The significantly improved photocatalytic performance and the excellent stability can mainly be attributed to the unique 2D/2D/2D arrangement of the ternary components of ZIS, CN, and MS in ZIS/CN/MS photocatalyst, providing a large number of close interfacial contacts between the components for shortened migration distance of photogenerated charges and more pathways for electron separation and transport in type-II heterostructures. Overall, the proposed methodology and ZIS/CN/MS composites with type-II heterojunction and 2D/2D/2D structures have great potential for use in solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion and can be extended to the preparation of other photocatalysts.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Yangyang Dai,Tian Fang,Shumin Li,Yuanyuan Wang,Suyue Zhong,Wenjun Su,Jian Li
While mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) containing two-dimensional (2D) layered materials (such as, GO, g-C 3 N 4 and MXene , etc.) have revealed potential application prospects for gas separation applications, it still faces a serious challenge to enhance the performance of CO 2 separation. Owing to the structural defects of g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets produced during the exfoliation process, which has greatly reduced the gas selectivity. Herein, we describe the construction of g-C 3 N 4 -MXene/Pebax MMM composed by MXene modified the structural defects in g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets to surmount the low gas selectivity of g-C 3 N 4 membrane. However, the stacking of nanosheets on each other hinder the gas transport channels. The TiO 2 nanoparticles derived in-situ from MXene semi-oxidation can support an intermediate layer between g-C 3 N 4 nanosheet and MXene nanosheet to expand the gas transport channels. Eventually, a novel g-C 3 N 4 -TiO 2 @MXene/Pebax MMM was obtained that exhibited maximum CO 2 permeability of 1673.69 Barrer in separation of CO 2 /CH 4 , CO 2 /N 2 selectivity of 45.13, and CO 2 /CH 4 selectivity of 47.76, exceeding the bond 2008 limit on Robeson. What's more, the MMM within 100 h (1 bar and 298 K) are measured to have outstanding separation performance. Overall, this concept offers a novel strategy to enhance CO 2 separation by MXene modified defects in g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2017
·
IF 9.446
Rong Wang,Xiangyu Kong,Wentao Zhang,Wenxin Zhu,Lunjie Huang,Jing Wang,Xu Zhang,Xinnan Liu,Na Hu,Yourui Suo,Jianlong Wang
Photocatalytic disinfection, which is a readily reliable method in most climates, holds great promise to significantly reduce the microbial contamination in modern industry. Here we report that vanadate quantum dots-interspersed graphitic carbon nitride (vanadate QDs/g-C 3 N 4 ) can achieve efficient inactivation of Salmonella by harvesting a substantial visible light. Detailed characterization through SEM-EDS, TEM, XRD, FT-IR, and XPS confirmed the formation of the composites. Owing to the efficient reactive oxygen species (ROS) production between vanadate QDs and g-C 3 N 4 , the bactericidal efficiency of AgVO 3 QDs/g-C 3 N 4 could reach 96.4% toward Salmonella in a concentration of 0.75 mg/mL after 10 min visible-light illumination. More importantly, scavenger experiments of different reactive species proved that the photoinduced electron generated at the oxidation site of AgVO 3 /g-C 3 N 4 play a major role as oxidative species. Fluorescent-based cell live/dead test and membrane potentials were applied to demonstrate the integrity of cell membranes. Furthermore, the SEM technology, PCR and BCA protein assay were employed to verify the bacterial decomposition as well as leakage of bacterial cell contents toward Salmonella . Sterilization experiments of Staphylococcus aureus revealed that our composites have broad spectrum antimicrobial activity for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria under visible light. The results showed that the generation of high ROS could attack the bacterial cells membrane, and ultimately disrupt the cell metabolism through bacterial contents, which provided a feasible method for eliminating the microbial contaminated water.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2018
·
IF 11.698
Ruyi Zhong,Zisheng Zhang,Huqiang Yi,Lei Zeng,Chao Tang,Limin Huang,Meng Gu
Visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution is a key step towards utilizing solar energy. Here we constructed covalently bonded oxidized graphitic C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 (O-g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 ) heterostructure with high surface area via an in-situ solvothermal synthetic strategy. The edge-anchoring of two-dimensional (2D) TiO 2 on 2D O-g-C 3 N 4 was evidenced by the HAADF-STEM EDS mapping, EELS and XPS analysis. Density functional theory computations suggest strong affinity between TiO 2 and O-g-C 3 N 4 2D structures through N O Ti covalent bonding, which drastically enhances the synergetic effect of the light absorption of O-g-C 3 N 4 and high surface area of TiO 2 . The as-formed heterojunction can remarkably boost the visible-light photocatalytic activity for H 2 evolution by 6.1 times compared to physical mixture of TiO 2 nanosheets (NS) and O-g-C 3 N 4 .
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ChemistrySelect
·
2025
·Vol. 10
·期 8
·e202404358
·
IF 2
Yuanpei Lan,Zhou Zou,Shuang Liu,Arun Murali,Baolei Wang,Qingwei Jia,Shirong Wang
Graphical A series of Fe 2 O 3 ─CeO 2 ─C 3 N 4 (Fe–Ce–CN) catalysts were synthesized by a KCl–LiCl molten salt method. The 0.5 wt.% Fe 2 O 3 loaded Fe–Ce–CN which synthesized at 550 °C for 4 h had an excellent photocatalytic activity towards to tetracycline (TC) degradation due to the significantly boosted separation efficiency of photoexcited electron-hole pairs. In this work, Fe 2 O 3 ─CeO 2 ─C 3 N 4 (Fe–Ce–CN) catalysts were synthesized in the KCl–LiCl molten salt system, and their photocatalytic properties towards tetracycline (TC) degradation in wastewater were studied. The obtained 0.5 wt.% Fe–Ce–CN, synthesized at 550 °C for 4 h with 0.5 wt.% Fe 2 O 3 , had the highest photocatalytic degradation efficiency for tetracycline (TC), which achieved degradation ratios of 98.3% and 96.9% for TC solutions at concentrations of 20 mg/L and 80 mg/L, respectively. Characterizations indicated that the 0.5 wt.% Fe–Ce–CN had significantly enhanced photo-excited electron-hole separation efficiency and promoted photocatalytic activity. Additionally, superoxide radicals · O 2 − and electrons ( e − ) were identified as the key reactive species for TC degradation with 0.5 wt.% Fe–Ce–CN, attributing to its band structure. The possible enhancement mechanism was discussed and proposed. The findings in this work provide a new approach to preparing high-performance photocatalysts and offer insights into the Fe–Ce–CN ternary photocatalysts.
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