Scientific Reports
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2025
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-13
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IF 3.9
Jeong Ji-Soo,Kim Jeong-Won,Kim Jin-Hwa,Kim Chang-Yeop,Chung Eun-Hye,Boo So-Young,Giorgi Mario,Ko Je-Won,Kim Tae-Won
Korean red ginseng (KRG, Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) contains ginsenosides, which are metabolized into active metabolites with various pharmacological effects. This study assessed the in vivo exposure and accumulation of ginsenosides following single and repeated administration of KRG and its active ingredient, compound K, in experimental rodents. In Study 1, rats received KRG (2 g/kg) orally as a single dose or for 2, 4, and 8 wks. Repeated administration increased the maximum plasma concentrations (C max ) of ginsenosides Rb1 and Rd compared to a single dose (Rb: 23.9 to 68.3 ng/mL; Rd: 8.5 to 30.8 ng/mL over 8 wks). Compound K was detected at 2.9 and 2.3 ng/mL of C max after 4 and 8 wks of continuous KRG administration, with no significant differences. In Study 2, oral administration of compound K (5 or 10 mg/kg) in rats resulted in accumulation factors of 4 and 7, respectively. Study 3 evaluated the oral bioavailability of compound K in mice (intravenous, 2 mg/kg; oral, 10 mg/kg), estimating it at approximately 12%. Additionally, network pharmacology and molecular docking simulation studies supported the clinical potential of compound K against inflammation-related diseases. These findings suggest that for substances like KRG, which undergo in vivo metabolic conversion after administration, repeated KRG administration alters pharmacokinetic profiles and should be taken into consideration in its application.
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Nature Electronics
·
2024
·
IF 33.7
Liu Dingyao,Tian Xinyu,Bai Jing,Wang Shaocong,Dai Shilei,Wang Yan,Wang Zhongrui,Zhang Shiming
Organic electrochemical transistors could be used in in-sensor computing and wearable healthcare applications. However, they lack the conformity and stretchability needed to minimize mechanical mismatch between the devices and human body, are challenging to fabricate at a scale with small feature sizes and high density, and require miniaturized readout systems for practical on-body applications. Here we report a wearable in-sensor computing platform based on stretchable organic electrochemical transistor arrays. The platform offers more than 50% stretchability by using an adhesive supramolecular buffer layer during fabrication that improves robustness at interfaces under strain. We fabricate stretchable transistor arrays with feature sizes down to 100 μm using a high-resolution six-channel inkjet printing system. We also develop a coin-sized data readout system for biosignal acquisition. We show that our coin-sized, smartwatch-compatible electronic module can provide wearable in-sensor edge computing.
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Communications Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·1-8
·
IF 9.6
Lin Qicai,Jin Junjie,Jiang Yongkang,Sheng Guan,Schwingenschlögl Udo,Wu Junwei,Tu Shaobo,Liu Xingjun,Zhang Xixiang
Al-ion batteries (AIBs) have emerged as a promising energy storage technology due to their high theoretical capacity, cost-effectiveness, and superior safety. However, the lack of stable and efficient cathode materials capable of reversible Al-complex ion (e.g., [AlCl 4 ] − ) insertion/extraction remains a critical challenge. In this work, we developed TiNbCT x MXene as a high-performance cathode material for AIBs, achieving remarkable capacity and cycling stability. Unlike symmetric-structured Ti 2 CT x , the TiNbCT x cathode leverages synergistic Ti–Nb bimetallic effects to enhance the electronic conductivity and electrochemical activity. Here we show, TiNbCT x delivers a high reversible capacity of 194 mAh·g −1 at 0.2 A·g −1 with 800-cycle stability. Through combined experimental characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we elucidate the kinetic mechanisms of energy storage, offering fundamental insights for the rational design of advanced cathode materials in AIBs.
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
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2025
·Vol. 23
·期 1
·1-20
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IF 12.6
Sun Xianbin,Wang Xinyi,Li Xudong,Wang Ya,Xu Ruofei,Shen Xinyi,Tan Ding,Liao Jingjing,Chen Haijun,Gao Yu,Zheng Jianping
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-based nanodynamic therapy is emerging as a promising approach for tumor treatment, particularly in eliciting immune responses for tumor immunotherapy. Nevertheless, the complex tumor microenvironment (TME) and the constraints of current sensitizers substantially compromise therapeutic efficacy. To address these challenges, we developed a rationally designed nanoplatform (LP/CuTT) through lipoic acid-modified orchestrated Cu²⁺-coordinated tetracycline-porphyrin self-assembly, to precisely remodel the immunosuppressive TME while potentiating antitumor immunotherapy via a novel photo-enhanced chemodynamic therapy (CDT) strategy. In vitro studies demonstrated that LP/CuTT-mediated photo-enhanced CDT effectively promoted concurrent apoptosis and cuproptosis in B16-F10 melanoma cells, coupled with robust induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD). Mechanistic investigations revealed that LP/CuTT drives macrophage polarization from tumor-promoting M2 to antitumor M1 phenotypes while promoting dendritic cell (DC) maturation, thereby orchestrating potent antitumor immune responses. In vivo evaluations showed preferential tumor accumulation of LP/CuTT, correlating with substantial ROS generation at tumor sites and remarkable therapeutic outcomes. Quantitative assessments further demonstrated elevated M1 macrophage infiltration in both tumor and splenic tissues, accompanied by enhanced CD8+ and CD4+ T cell recruitment. These findings provide key insights into developing orchestrated metal-coordinated nanotherapeutics by repurposing existing therapeutic agents, enabling the design of multifunctional systems that integrate efficient chemodynamic activity, TME remodeling, and immune activation for effective nanodynamic therapy.
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ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
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2025
·Vol. 47
·期 7
·1-16
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IF 3.8
Ping Yang,Zhang Zhenzhou,Yu Jingwen,Zhai Xiaofeng,Yang Cuihong,Huang Peicheng,Liao Qi,Si Mengying,Li Qingzhu,Tang Chongjian,Yang Zhihui
This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of selenium, silicon, and calcium in reducing the accumulation of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in rice, and to explore their synergistic mechanisms. Field experiments were conducted by applying multi-nutrient composite materials (MCM) to rice plants. Environmental health risk assessment, soil pH, Cd and As content in rice grains, iron plaque, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured to evaluate the effectiveness of MCM. The application of MCM significantly reduced the Cd and As concentration in rice grains by 56.76% and 84.75%, respectively. Moreover, MCM reduced the health risks of rice. Soil pH increased from 5.93 to 6.44, reducing the Cd and As bioavailability. Iron plaque formation increased by 60.36–230%, creating a barrier against Cd and As uptake. The increase in available silicon and calcium restricts rice uptake of both Cd and As. MCM promoted the Cd and As accumulation in vacuoles and cell walls, reducing their translocation in rice root, stem and leaf, while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity. MCM effectively reduces Cd and As accumulation in rice through the synergistic effects of selenium, silicon, and calcium, providing a viable solution for rice safety.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
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2025
·Vol. 192
·期 7
·1-10
·
IF 5.3
Shi Ruirui,Wang Chao,Zhu Mingyue,Xie Chen,Cui Wenyu,Zhou Qing
Manganese dioxide nanozymes (MnO 2 -zymes) with excellent oxidase-like properties were synthesized via a one-step solvothermal method. A rapid, portable smartphone-assisted colorimetric paper sensor based on MnO 2 -zymes/TMB chromogenic system was developed for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) evaluation. The MnO 2 -zymes immediately catalyzed the oxidation of colorless TMB to generate blue oxidation products (oxTMB), while antioxidants can quickly reduce oxTMB to TMB, causing noticeable fading of the blue color. Integrated with a smartphone-based RGB mode, ascorbic acid (AA) was quantified in the range 2.5–125.00 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 3.03 μM. Furthermore, using AA as a model analyte, the paper sensor was successfully applied to evaluate TAC in fruits and beverages, with results closely matching those obtained from a microplate reader-assisted colorimetric sensor and an ABTS free radical scavenging capacity assay kit. This high-performance sensor is simple, rapid, and accurate, showing great potential in practical application for TAC determination. Graphical
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FIBERS AND POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 2.3
Yajuan Zhang,Ruining Wang,Runjun Sun,Jing Deng,Haibing Guo
Recently, the ever-increasing demand for wearable electronics has significantly accelerated the development of flexible strain sensors. Liquid metal exhibits potential applications in smart wearable devices because of its high electrical conductivity and room temperature fluidity. However, its applications are limited by challenges in terms of issues in achieving liquid metal (LM) non-leakage, wide detection range, and high conductivity simultaneously. Herein, we developed a non-leakage and high stretchable sheath–core structure liquid metal-based strain-sensing fiber and, in particular, unique conductive pathways were constructed within core fibers featuring a microporous structure, where gallium-based liquid metals (LM) formed islands, and carboxyl carbon nanotubes (CNTs) served as bridges under large strains. This structure ensures the stable containment of liquid metal (LM) without any leakage. Through the cooperative interaction between carboxyl carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and liquid metal (LM), the composite fiber SA@LM-CNT achieves an impressive detection range of up to 190%, high conductivity of 3333.3 S/m, and a Young’s modulus of 0.94 MPa. Moreover, it demonstrates stable performance over more than 10,000 cycles. Lastly, leveraging semi-automated loom, this fiber strain sensor can be seamlessly integrated into textiles to conformally track various human body movements. This work presents a novel strategy for fabricating LM-based strain-sensing fibers without leakage, aiming to achieve both liquid metal leakage prevention and high stretchability simultaneously.
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Journal of Sustainable Metallurgy
·
2026
·
IF 3.5
Yang Han,Wang Jing,Jiang Yue,Wu Hang,Zhou Chaohui,Pang Junbao,Zhou Jianchao,Yu Yuhang,Xu Wei
Spent hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts are valuable secondary resources for recovering critical metals such as tungsten (W) and molybdenum (Mo). This study proposes a new pressurized oxygen-enriched sodium salt leaching process to enhance the recovery efficiency of W and Mo. By optimizing roasting parameters and leaching conditions, the leaching efficiencies of 94.1% for W and 99.5% for Mo were achieved. The synergistic combination of sodium salt roasting and pressurized oxygen leaching effectively converted refractory sulfides into soluble tungstate and molybdate ions. The results revealed that sodium salts promoted the formation of porous oxide intermediates during roasting, and pressurized oxygen facilitated oxidative dissolution of metal phases. The process not only addresses environmental risks associated with spent catalyst disposal but also contributes to sustainable metal recovery, aligning with circular economy principles. Graphical
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Bai Chenhui,Dong Xinyu,Liu Quyang,Zhao Ming,Yang Kun,Niu Yu,Zhang Hulin,Zhai Wei
Bridging biological and artificial systems, intelligent interfaces drive the demand for flexible electronics that emulate the skin’s multifunctionality. However, achieving such multifunctionality in a compact, self-sustained form remains challenging, as multimodal sensors often rely on rigid materials, discrete components, and external power sources. Herein, this study presents a single-component poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel e-skin integrating thermogalvanic, piezoionic, and diffusion mechanisms for self-powered sensing of skin temperature, arterial pulsation, and sweat secretion, simultaneously. The hydrogel features high stretchability, low modulus, and a prismatic architecture synergizing ionic polarization. Moreover, a temporal machine learning model with local attention is developed to decouple multimodal signals. Of practical importance, an active multimodal signal generator wristband is developed as a multifunctional human-machine interface for physiological detection, robotic control, and haptic feedback reproduction. Hence, this hydrogel e-skin represents an efficient material platform for intelligent interactions, showing broad potential for real-time health monitoring, robotic control, and virtual reality.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Qian Yajie,Sun Yanzhuo,Xu Jianqiao,Gao Pin,Xue Gang,Zhou Xuefei,Zhang Yalei,Chen Jiabin
Although activation mechanisms of oxidants diverge significantly across different transition metals, whether the universal descriptor exists that can unify these pathways remains unknown. Herein, taking periodate (PI) as an example, we systematically explored the connection among Group VIII (8) metals (Fe(II), Ru(III), Os(III)). While all three metals activate PI effectively, Os(III) exhibits fundamentally different activation behavior compared to Fe(II) and Ru(III). PI activation by Os(III) primarily generated ·OH, promoting hydroxylated products formation; whereas high-valent metal-oxo species dominate in Fe(II) and Ru(III) systems, yielding epoxy products. Theoretical calculations indicate that Os(III) possesses a significantly higher positive charge density than that of Fe(II) and Ru(III). The high charge density of Os(III) enhances oxygen affinity, and reduces the energy barrier for single-electron transfer to water ligands, thereby promoting radical generation. Conversely, the lower charge density of Fe(II) and Ru(III) indicates a stronger affinity for electrons, favoring the oxygen atom transfer process. This work identifies metal charge density as a key descriptor modulating reaction mechanisms of oxidants and informs the design of tunable oxidation processes.
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Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·68
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IF 21.8
Wang Chenchen,Yang Junda,Hu Chuanshuang,Li Zihua,Zhong Zijie,Xu Jiangtao,Lin Xi,Zhang Weiwei,Zhang Zhongfeng,Lin Xiuyi
Structural engineering of electromagnetic wave absorbing (EMWA) materials faces critical challenges in scalable fabrication and multifunctional integration. Herein, a flexible and sustainable bamboo-based composite (BMXMo) featuring engineered microcapacitor-Schottky heterostructures is proposed to synergize ultra-efficient K-band microwave absorption with self-powered health monitoring. The heterostructure is constructed by assembling conductive Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene electrodes and 1T/2H-MoS 2 dielectric nanoflowers within a densified bamboo matrix. The heterostructure optimizes impedance matching while enhancing multi-scale polarization via interfacial/dipolar effects and Schottky-modulated charge trapping. The optimized BMXMo 55 film exhibits exceptional EMWA performance, with an ultra-high reflection loss of − 52.05 dB and a broad effective absorption bandwidth of 7.95 GHz (covering 18–26 GHz). Moreover, the mechanical flexibility and unique microcapacitor-Schottky structure enable efficient surface charge modulation, allowing the direct fabrication of high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs). The resulting BMXMo-TENG devices generate an open-circuit voltage of 81.8 V and a power density of 6.4 µW cm⁻², sufficient to drive commercial electronics. Furthermore, an integrated self-powered sensing system is demonstrated for real-time and precise monitoring of various physiological signals, including respiratory rhythms, joint kinematics, and micromotions. This work pioneers a sustainable platform for multifunctional wearables in electromagnetic-heavy environments, unifying high-efficiency EMWA with autonomous biosensing. Graphical
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Journal of Biological Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 20
·期 1
·29
·
IF 6.5
Ye Changchuan,Zhang Yan,Zhang Jie,Shi Menglei,Nie Feixue,Liu Qinghua
Background Vitamin K 2 (VK 2 ), as a derivative of the menaquinone family, plays an important role in the prevention of osteoporosis and cardiovascular calcification. The realization of the industrialization of VK 2 and the reduction of its production cost have become the focus of attention. Results In this work, an E. coli strain with high VK 2 accumulation was constructed through rational metabolic engineering and stepwise improvement based on regulatory metabolic information and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene knockout. We first constructed a recombinant E. coli strain BW-T7/MU to produce menaquinol-8 (MKH 2 -8, a reduced form of VK 2 ) by overexpressing menA and ubiE genes, which encoding the rate-limiting enzymes of the menaquinol pathway. After 24 h and 48 h of fermentation, this strain BW-T7/MU reach a titer of 303 mg/L and 232 mg/L. Secondly, we overexpressed different related genes wrbA (oxidative stress mitigation), qorB (reduction of quinones) and menF (conversion of chorismate to isochorismate), respectively. Among these recombinant strains, the strain BW-T7/MUW (overexpressing menA , ubiE and wrbA genes) reached the highest titer of VK 2 after 48 h of fermentation. The optimization of the medium led to an increase in the accumulation of VK 2 . Subsequently, the rational metabolic engineering of gene knockout further increased the titer of VK 2 . The recombinant strain ΔB/MUW was selected as the dominant strain for further optimization, with a high VK 2 titer of 724 mg/L. A final attempt is to overexpress ispB gene to increased flux of isoprenoid side chain synthesis, resulting in strain ΔB/MUWI with a titer of 859 mg/L in a shake flask and 1360 mg/L in a 5 L fermenter after 48 h cultivation. Conclusions The stepwise engineering strategy raised the VK 2 titer from the initial 303 mg/L to 859 mg/L through rational pathway modification and systematic gene expression. Further optimization in batch fermentation increased the VK 2 titer to 1360 mg/L, which highlights the strong engineering impact of our strategy.
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