JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2021
·Vol. 168
·期 4
·044516
·
IF 4.316
Lei Yanhua,Ning Tan,Da Huo,Mengchao Ding,Yuliang Zhang,Tong Liu,Ruixuan Yu,Sha Cheng,Runhua Fan
The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is a crucial cathodic process and a technology providing renewable energy. It is essential to create ORR catalysts not containing noble metals yet still affordable and possessing high-efficiency and long-term durability. Therefore, this work developed a highly porous N-doped carbon catalyst embedded with CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs). This composite catalyst was synthesized by pyrolysis of PANI-encapsulated CeO2 NPs (CeO2/PANI) combined with in situ polymerization. The resulting catalyst exhibited an outstanding ORR performance with 0.94 and 0.81 mV onset and positive half-wave potentials, respectively, and 5.52 mA cm−2 diffusion-limited current density. The catalyst also demonstrated excellent stability. These exceptional characteristics indicate that a synergy of the N-doped carbon and CeO2 NPs provide a novel strategy of fabrication of novel ORR catalysts without using noble-metals for applications related to fuel cells and metal-air batteries.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2021
·
IF 6.609
Jun Zhang,Chengyu Li,Jing Gu,Haoran Yuan,Yong Chen
This study aimed to investigate the co-pyrolysis characteristics of strong-acid cation exchange resin (Amberlyst-15, denoted as A15) and cellulose (CE), in which the existing synergistic interaction effects were uncovered. Crucial variables including pyrolytic temperature, A15-to-CE mass ratio and heating rate were taken into consideration. The levoglucosenone (LGO) production from CE and inorganic sulfur-containing species release from functional sulfonic acid groups of A15 were enhanced in a temperature range of below 400 °C. In this regard, the LGO yield achieved approximately 7 wt% at 300 °C with A15-to-CE mass ratio of 1:1. Relatively, elevating the temperature and heating rate accelerated the A15 self-decomposition and small molecule fragments restructuring to give much more monocyclic and polycyclic aromatics. Noticeably, organic sulfur-containing compounds also were produced in an unignorable amount of 8.2% under preset conditions of pyrolytic temperature of 700 °C and heating rate of 20,000 °C/s. The plausible pathway for the co-pyrolysis transformation of A15 and CE was also proposed on the basis of experimental results. The present work will provide a probable and feasible strategy for the high-value utilization of biomass and waste ion-exchange resins, particularly in the aspect of the generation of certain chemicals.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2021
·
IF 7.963
Junzhi Yu,Zhansheng Wu,Xiongfang An,Fei Tian,Bing Yu
The stability of biochar is a crucial parameter in determining the potential of biochar for carbon sequestration . Many studies have demonstrated that the addition of clay during the pyrolysis of biomass is beneficial for the production of biochar with a high stability, but finding a strategy for a further improvement of stability of clay-modified biochar is still highly desirable. Herein, the co-pyrolysis of biomass and clay mediated by trace metal elements is proposed as a new strategy for the production of biochar with exceptionally high stability. The results indicate that the biochar resistance index for biochar obtained from the trace metal elements mediated the co-pyrolysis of biomass and clay is ~0.75, which is much higher than that of biochars obtained from biomass pyrolysis or the co-pyrolysis of biomass and clay, demonstrating that the presence of metal ions during the co-pyrolytic process can significantly improve the oxidation resistance of biochar. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that the carbon retention value is reduced when the addition of metal ions during the co-pyrolytic process, and the presence of metal ions can reduce the starting temperature of the pyrolysis reaction and catalyze the process of biomass pyrolysis. In addition, the percentages of C C, C C, and C H in all biochars obtained from trace metal elements mediated the co-pyrolysis of biomass and clay are greater than 41.82%, which are higher than that of original biochar. Besides, the percentage of oxygen-containing functional groups is found to be decreased after the presence of metal ions during the co-pyrolytic process. The presence of metal ions can form metal nano-sulfides and oxides on the surface, which plays a physical barrier to the anti-oxidation performance of biochar. Furthermore, compared to BBC or BC, MnBBC and ZnBBC have a better leaching resistance to P, while FeBBC has almost no leaching resistance to soil P. Overall, the study reveals that the addition of trace element metal ions during the co-prolysis of biomass and bentonite is an effective method to increase the stability of obtained biochar, and it is also beneficial for retarding the release of nutrients in the soil and thus increase the utilization of nutrients.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2022
·Vol. 169
·期 9
·094506
·
IF 4.386
Wendong Cheng,Shuai Hou,Fen Guo
The traditional electric furnace pyrolysis to produce heteroatom doped carbon faces the time-consuming issue due to the fixed size of furnace chamber and indirect heat transfer. Herein a fast Joule-heating pyrolysis method, viz., powering on the C, N, Fe-containing, conductive polyaniline precursor at fixed direct current (DC) voltage for a specific time, is put forward. The polyaniline precursor begins to decompose thermally when being powered with a DC voltage of 5.0 V upwards. In the pyrolysis products, Fe and N co-doping of carbon material leads to C–N bonding and C-Fe bonding in a certain way. The direct peroxide-peroxide fuel cell (DPPFC) with the optimal Fe, N codoped carbon material as anode and cathode can generate an open circuit voltage of 0.85 V and a peak power density of 29.7 mW cm−2 in ambient temperature, which is highly competitive compared with other DPPFCs with anode and/or cathode made of noble metals.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering
·
2020
·Vol. 15
·期 5
·e2503
·
IF 1.06
Jiapeng Fu,Chunjiang Jin,Jingru Zhang,Zhiqiang Wang,Tao Wang,Xingxing Cheng,Chunyuan Ma,Huimin Chen
Three kinds of activated coke powders (ACPs) were prepared from different coal by a one-step rapid pyrolysis activation method. Detailed pore structure and surface characteristics of the ACPs were characterized by BET specific surface area test, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). Adsorption capacity of ethyl acetate, benzene, and p -xylene onto the ACPs was tested. Results demonstrated that the ACPs had well-developed pore structures, with considerable specific surface area and pore volume. Volatile contents in the feed coal had promotion effect on the fast formation and development of the pore structure. Shengli lignite (SLC) showed the largest specific surface area and pore volume, which reached 351.07 m 2 /g and 0.1698 m 3 /g, separately. Surfaces of ACPs were rich of functional groups as carboxyl, lactone, phenolic hydroxyl (or ether), and carbonyl, the types of which kept relatively constant regardless of the change of the feed coal. ACPs presented good VOCs adsorption performance. With the most micropore structures, SLC sample presented the best adsorption capacity for ethyl acetate, benzene, and p -xylene, which is 222.23, 149.87, and 217.63 mg/g, respectively. All ACPs presented preferential VOC adsorption order of ethyl acetate > p -xylene > benzene, which suggested that ACPs presented favorable adsorption ability to VOC species of polar and large molecules.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 9.1
Miaoling Luo,Shanshan Shao,Yu Cao,Xiaohua Li,Shiliang Wu
TG analysis, kinetic model and fixed-bed experiments were applied in this study to explore the synergistic effect of rape straw (RS) and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) in the co-catalytic pyrolysis. The results showed that the preferential pyrolysis of RS was favorable for the formation of some active radicals and decreased the pyrolysis temperature of ABS from about 400 °C to 350 °C. As the mixing ratio of ABS rose, the temperature range of co-pyrolysis decreased gradually. The interaction between the free radicals generated by RS and ABS was effectively promoted with the addition of HZSM-5, and also the aromatization was accelerated. The temperature range of co-pyrolysis was decreased from 350 °C to 400 °C–340 °C–380 °C. The Flynn-Wall Ozawa (FWO) and Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) were used to build the kinetics model, and revealed that the activation energy of co-pyrolysis system reached the bottom with the mixing ratio was 1:1, indicating the strongest synergistic effect at this point. The synergistic action was revealed from the kinetic analysis. In the fixed-bed test, the yield of liquid phase (54.15 %) and monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) (32.87 %) peaked at the mixing ratio of 1:1, at which the synergistic effect inhibited the conversion to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Zhongwei Wang,Daokuan Liang,Xiaofeng Li,Heyi Huang,Xiao He,Zhaoying Li,Yong Dong
Lignocellulosic biomass is considered a renewable resource with great potential to replace fossil energy, which has a relatively low effective H/Ceff ratio. As a result, its thermochemical conversion products are of low calorific value and quality. Polypropylene (PP) is rich in hydrogen and contains little oxygen. Catalytic fast co-pyrolysis (co-CFP) of cotton stalks (CS) and PP significantly improved bio-oil quality. It enables the efficient and clean utilization of CS and PP, while enhancing the concentration of BTEX (Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene) and other liquid hydrocarbons in bio-oil. In this study, bimetallic catalysts are prepared by alkali-modified HZSM-5 and zirconium dioxide (ZrO 2 ) loaded with Ni and Mo, respectively. The impact of different ratios on the product is explored, revealing their synergistic effects in the co-CFP process. XRD, XPS, TEM, and other methods characterize the morphology and physicochemical properties of the catalysts. The co-CFP of CS and PP by Py-GC/MS and thermogravimetric experiments is investigated. The experimental conditions were as follows: pyrolysis temperature of 600 °C, raw material mixing ratio of 1:1, and feedstock-to-catalyst ratio of 1:1. In the catalytic stage, when the Ni:Mo ratio was set to 2:1, the relative hydrocarbon content in the Ni-Mo/ZrO 2 catalyst reached a maximum value (75.2 %) at Ni:Mo= 2:1. The relative hydrocarbon content initially decreased and then increased with decreased Ni/Mo ratio and reached the minimum at 1:2. The relative hydrocarbon content in the Ni-Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst reaches a maximum value (60.9 %) at Ni:Mo= 2:1. Ni-Mo/HZSM-5 catalyst has more substantial selectivity for aromatic hydrocarbons. The synergistic effect between metals is explored using reaction kinetics based on thermogravimetric experiments. Based on thermogravimetric experiments, the synergistic effects between metals were analyzed using reaction kinetics. Specifically, this involves effectively reducing the activation energy of the reaction, thereby promoting the formation of hydrocarbons. For the NiMo/ZrO 2 catalyst, the activation energy generally decreases with increasing Mo content (from 38.51 to 29.47 kJ/mol). In contrast, when HZSM-5 is used as the support material, the activation energy decreases with increasing Mo loading and decreasing Ni loading (from 12.31 to 8.43 kJ/mol). The right amount of metal loading introduces the catalyst's active site, and the synergy between the metals further improves the bio-oil quality. The activation energy is lowest when Ni:Mo = 2:1. The change trend is consistent with the content of hydrocarbons.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 9.4
Qi Zhou,Liu Wu,Jingyue Wang,Jie Liang
Lignin, with its complex structure and high stability, poses a significant challenge in the directed depolymerization to obtain aromatic-rich bio-oil. To prevent the formation of hard-shelled char resulting from the melting and agglomeration of lignin during pyrolysis, this study proposed a dual strategy combining Ca(OH) 2 pretreatment and Beta zeolite, which demonstrated a synergistic effect through β-O-4 bond cleavage, effectively suppressing lignin condensation while achieving high aromatic selectivity. In this study, the influence of various operational parameters was examined. Key variables including pretreatment procedures, concentration levels, catalyst selection, catalyst-to-raw material ratio, carrier gas velocity, and pyrolysis thermal conditions were analyzed to determine their effects on the critical processes. Pretreatment with 5 wt% Ca(OH) 2 significantly reduced lignin agglomeration during pyrolysis. Using Beta zeolite (1:1 mass ratio) in CFP at 500 °C with 75 mL/min carrier gas flow increased bio-oil yield from 5.0 wt% to 7.5 wt% and enhanced aromatic selectivity from 1.9 area% to 84.9 area%. Using 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (α-OH-PPE) as a model compound, we found Ca(OH) 2 pretreatment and Beta zeolite together enhanced β-O-4 bond cleavage in lignin. This synergistic approach facilitated efficient bond cleavage and showed remarkable effectiveness in aromatic production.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY
·
2024
·
IF 9
Shuai Guo,Yu Wang,Li Yang,Baizhong Sun,Hongwei Qu,Xingcan Li,Deng Zhao
The study used ReaxFF MD (Reactive Force Field Molecular Dynamics) to investigate the migration behavior and mechanisms of nitrogen in the pyrolysis process of biomass, specifically focusing on the effect of the alkali metal potassium on the main nitrogen-containing substance, proteins. This research primarily centers on the conversion mechanisms of nitrogen in the three-phase products (char, tar, and gas) during the pyrolysis of proteins, as well as the impact on NH 3 formation. The findings reveal several key insights: First, the introduction of potassium significantly enhances the cleavage activity of protein macromolecules by promoting the breaking of carbon-carbon and carbon-nitrogen bonds, which accelerates the degradation process of protein molecules and subsequently increases the conversion rate of nitrogen from proteins to the nitrogen in char, tar, and gas. Second, the addition of potassium alters the sources of gaseous nitrogen (gas-N); initially derived mainly from the secondary cracking of tar nitrogen (tar-N), gas-N predominantly originates from the conversion of char nitrogen (char-N) under the influence of potassium. Lastly, the introduction of potassium affects NH 3 production by significantly altering the trend of nitrogen-hydrogen bond variation during the pyrolysis of proteins. This is primarily attributed to potassium's facilitation of dehydration reactions, which disrupt nitrogen-hydrogen bonds during protein pyrolysis. Additionally, it allows NH 3 produced in the later stages of pyrolysis to participate in the formation of other nitrogen-containing compounds, particularly HCN. Potassium also promotes the dehydrogenation of the large number of HCN molecules generated during protein pyrolysis, forming CN radicals that subsequently react with NH 3 to produce new compounds. This is the main reason for the variation in NH 3 yield.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Petroleum Science
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Chi Li,Ji-Xiang Guo,Li Wang,Wen-Long Zhang,Peng-Cheng Xue,Chen-Hao Gao
China possesses abundant heavy oil resources, yet faces challenges such as high viscosity, underdeveloped production technologies, and elevated development cost. Although the in-situ catalytic viscosity-reduction technology can address certain technical, environmental, and cost problems during the extraction process, the catalysts often suffer from poor stability and low catalytic efficiency. In this study, a green and simple room-temperature stirring method was employed to synthesize a class of highly efficient and stable 2D MOF catalysts, which possess the capability to conduct in-situ catalytic pyrolysis of heavy oil and reduce the viscosity. Under the condition of 160 °C, a catalyst concentration of 0.5 wt%, and a hydrogen donor (tetralin) concentration of 2 wt%, the viscosity-reduction rate of Fe-MOF is as high as 89.09%, and it can decrease the asphaltene content by 8.42%. In addition, through the structural identification and analysis of crude oil asphaltenes, the causes for the high viscosity of heavy oil are explained at the molecular level. Through the analysis of catalytic products and molecular dynamics simulation, the catalytic mechanism is studied. It is discovered that Fe-MOF can interact with heavy oil macromolecules via coordination and pore-channel effects, facilitating their cracking and dispersal. Furthermore, synergistic interactions between Fe-MOF and the hydrogen donor facilitates hydrogenation reactions and enhances the viscosity-reducing effect. This study provides a novel strategy for boosting heavy oil recovery and underscores the potential of 2D MOFs in catalytic pyrolysis applications.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Chengzhi Zhou,Jiaqi Wang,Zongyu Yan,Zhouying Xie,Yuandong Wu,Qianwei Liang,Yanlong Sun,Ya-nan Zhang
Dissolved black carbon (DBC), particularly its optically active fraction, plays a crucial role in the photodegradation of organic pollutants. However, the transformation mechanisms of DBC's optical properties and molecular composition in UV/chlorine process remain poorly understood. In this study, we systematically investigated the photochemical evolution of rice straw-derived DBC prepared at two pyrolysis temperatures (300 °C and 500 °C) under UV/chlorine treatment, as well as their impacts on the photodegradation of acetamiprid (ACT). The results demonstrate that DBC 300 exhibited strong light absorption capacity, high aromaticity, large molecular weight, and abundant lignin-like components, whereas DBC 500 contained higher heteroatom (N, S) content, greater protein-like constituents, and enhanced reducing capacity and electron transfer capability. Under UV irradiation alone, the content of condensed aromatics, lipid-like compounds, and molecular diversity in DBC were enhanced. In contrast, chlorination reduced the light absorption capacity, humification degree, and molecular diversity of DBC. Photodegradation of ACT was primarily promoted by the generation of excited triplet DBC ( 3 DBC ⁎ ). With increasing chlorine concentration, the electron transfer capability of 3 DBC 300 ⁎ decreased, whereas that of 3 DBC 500 ⁎ increased, leading to weakened and enhanced promotion effects on ACT photodegradation, respectively. The photodegradation pathways of ACT mainly involved demethylation, hydroxylation, oxidation and C N bond cleavage. Furthermore, the photodegradation products of ACT exhibited increased toxicity toward rat and Daphnia magna , while demonstrating reduced mutagenic potential. This study provides critical insights into the photochemical transformation processes and underlying molecular mechanisms of DBC during UV/chlorine treatment.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Nai-Yu Yao,Jing-Pei Cao,Shi-Jie Cai,Chen-Xu Chen,Xiao-Yan Zhao,Xin-Bo Pang,Min Xu,You Lu,Xiao-Bo Feng,Tungalagtamir Bold
ZSM-5 is an effective catalyst for the catalytic reforming of volatiles from lignite. An increased density of acidic sites significantly enhances catalytic activity. However, its inherent microporous structure and abundant external surface acids lead to issues including catalyst deactivation. In this work, a nondiscriminatory etching method using NH4F was employed to simultaneously remove Si and Al species from highly acidic zeolites. This process introduces mesopores while reducing external surface acidity, maintains high crystallinity, and preserves the total acid content essentially unchanged. The mesoporous surface area of HZ5-6.5 reaches 129 m2/g. This significantly enhances the mass transfer efficiency of volatile component molecules within the zeolite, effectively improving the accessibility of active sites. Furthermore, compared to the parent zeolite, the modified HZ5-6.5 exhibits a 50% reduction in acidic sites on its crystal surface while maintaining essentially unchanged total acidity. Concurrently, light aromatic yields increase, while coke deposition decreases by 40%.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）