Small
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2025
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IF 12.1
Yan Xin,Yunnian Ge,Huanhuan Xie,Shen Cai,Chen Zhao,Huai Zhang,Huajun Tian
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have emerged as a promising energy storage solution owing to their intrinsic safety, low cost, environmental friendliness, and high theoretical specific capacity. However, their practical application is hindered by uncontrollable dendrite growth and side reactions at the zinc metal anode. To address these challenges, a simple and cost-effective electrodeposition strategy is proposed to construct a quaternary Zn-Cu-Sn-Bi alloy artificial interface layer on zinc foil (ZCSB@Zn) as the anode of AZIBs. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and in situ optical dendrite observation confirm that this dense alloy interface layer reduces the migration barrier and weakens hydrogen adsorption, facilitating uniform zinc deposition while effectively suppressing side reactions and dendrite formation. The symmetric ZCSB@Zn cell exhibits extraordinary cycle stability exceeding 8000 h. Furthermore, the assembled ZCSB@Zn//CSB-MnO 2 full cell demonstrates a high specific capacity of 199 mAh g −1 at 1 A g −1 , maintaining stability even under high loading of 10 mg cm −2 and high temperature conditions (50 °C). This study presents a scalable and cost-effective strategy for constructing quaternary artificial interface layers in zinc metal anodes, highlighting their potential for practical AZIB applications.
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Nature Protocols
·
2025
·
IF 16
Xu Ziye,Wang Yuting,Cai Wenjie,Chen Yu,Wang Yongcheng
Bacteria colonize nearly every part of the human body and various environments, displaying remarkable diversity. Traditional population-level transcriptomics measurements provide only average population behaviors, often overlooking the heterogeneity within bacterial communities. To address this limitation, we have developed a droplet-based, high-throughput single-microorganism RNA sequencing method (smRandom-seq) that offers highly species specific and sensitive gene detection. Here we detail procedures for microbial sample preprocessing, in situ preindexed cDNA synthesis, in situ poly(dA) tailing, droplet barcoding, ribosomal RNA depletion and library preparation. The main smRandom-seq workflow, including sample processing, in situ reactions and library construction, takes ~2 days. This method features enhanced RNA coverage, reduced doublet rates and minimized ribosomal RNA contamination, thus enabling in-depth analysis of microbial heterogeneity. smRandom-seq is compatible with microorganisms from both laboratory cultures and complex microbial community samples, making it well suited for constructing single-microorganism transcriptomic atlases of bacterial strains and diverse microbial communities. This Protocol requires experience in molecular biology and RNA sequencing techniques, and it holds promising potential for researchers investigating bacterial resistance, microbiome heterogeneity and host–microorganism interactions.
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CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
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2025
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IF 8
Nan Chen,Shengtao Gao,Zijian Zong,Yingyu Wang,Dejin Xu,Chuanlei Zhu,Peiyuan Chen
This paper proposes using coal gangue powder (CGP) as an alternative to silica fume (SF) in cement-based systems, towards to high-value recycling of this coal waste. In cement-based systems, CGP offers a more affordable substitute for SF as a supplementary cementitious material. Mechanical activation enhances CGP’s reactivity by inducing structural disorder and increasing surface area, which facilitates its participation in hydration reactions. Additionally, its water retention capacity contributes to prolonged hydration and improved microstructural densification. Employing techniques such as BET analysis, rheological testing, XRD, TG-DTG, hydration kinetics, compressive strength and nanoindentation, the research compares the effects of CGP and SF on paste properties. The results indicate that SF increases plastic viscosity by 9.18 %–30.61 % and enhances compressive strength by 4.68 % at 28d, while CGP-added pastes show slight plastic viscosity to gain more distinctive rheological properties. CGP-added pastes demonstrate a comparable cumulative mass loss in TG-DTG, highlighting its positive impact on cement hydration. Additionally, CGP modifies the pore structure, increasing gel pore volume at lower dosages while maintaining a balanced distribution at higher dosages. These findings suggest that mechanically activated CGP can partially replicate SF’s effects on hydration and microstructural refinement, providing a sustainable and economical approach to enhancing cement-based materials.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
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2025
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IF 4.9
Pengfei Zhao,Jijun Ding,Haixia Chen,Haiwei Fu
Wearable devices have great potential for development in the fields of human health detection and human-computer interaction due to its flexibility and portability. In this work, Firstly, the resistance response performance of paper/Cu/Al 2 O 3 to temperature is optimized by changing the sputtering time of Al 2 O 3 . Combining the resistance change and stability after one month, paper/Cu/Al 2 O 3 films with 1 min Al 2 O 3 layer is selected. Then, temperature sensor based on optimized paper/Cu/Al 2 O 3 and graphene/PVDF composite temperature-sensitive layers is fabricated. The sensor shows negative temperature coefficient, high temperature response and stability, which provides significant advantages in the field of temperature monitoring. The fastest response/recovery time of the sensor is 1.4 s and 10.48 s respectively, which is fast and reliable in capturing the temperature changes and thus has the capability of real-time temperature monitoring. Another outstanding feature of the sensor is its high linearity to temperature fluctuations (R 2 =0.947). This feature suggests that the sensor enables real-time resistance-temperature interaction. In addition, its practical applications will be explored. The sensor can quickly sense the temperature of fingers, hot water, and working mobile phones. At the same time, the excellent performance of the sensor enables it to achieve the function of illuminating the LED. It lays the foundation for the application of temperature sensors in flexible wearable device applications.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2025
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IF 3.9
Yali Wang,Wenjin Xu,Qinshan Liu,Han Guo,Xiahui Gui,Yaowen Xing
Bubble detachment plays a crucial role in preventing excessive accumulation in gas–liquid reactors and improving the mass transfer efficiency. This study investigates the effect of surface hydrophobicity on bubble detachment induced by coalescence through high-speed dynamic experiments and numerical simulations. The results show that on surfaces with low hydrophobicity (contact angles of 15 and 25°), bubbles detach because the inner contact line contracts relatively slowly, allowing the outer contact line to coalescence quickly. In contrast, on highly hydrophobic surfaces (contact angles of 35 and 45°), the simultaneous contraction of both the inner and outer contact lines prevents bubble jumping. Numerical simulations indicate that low-hydrophobicity surfaces generate sufficient kinetic energy through the pressure gradient. As hydrophobicity increases, some of the energy is dissipated through liquid-film drainage, weakening internal convection and reducing the intensity of the upward flow, which ultimately prevents bubble detachment. Energy analysis further indicates that bubble coalescence shows a weak dependence on the Bo number, while the magnitude of the adhesion energy is the key factor determining bubble jumping. When the adhesion energy exceeds approximately 20% of the released surface energy, the coalesced bubble is unable to detach.
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TALANTA
·
2025
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IF 6.1
Zhanjun Li,Yunwei Liu,Mingru Kong,Yibin Xu,Kunlun Wang,Ke Ma,Qingfen Zhang
This study focused on the valorization of Pinus koraiensis seed scale residues for furfural production from regenerated hemicellulose via solid acid catalysis. The optimized process included solid acid catalysis, ultrasonic pretreatment, and microwave-assisted processing, and the optimal conditions were 50% ethanol (30:1 mL/g), 80 W of ultrasonic power (10 min, 40°C), 3% solid acid, and 385 W of microwave power (20 min), resulting in a theoretical furfural yield of 10.50 mg/g and an actual yield of 10.36 mg/g (conversion rate of 31.49%). The recovered solid acid exhibited similar catalytic performance to the fresh solid acid (yield of 10.23 mg/g and conversion rate of 31.11%). Kinetic analysis revealed that reaction equilibrium was reached within 10 min, with activation energies of 11.96 kJ/mol at 30–40°C and 25.24 kJ/mol at 40–50°C, indicating inhibition at higher temperatures. Characterization confirmed the acidity, high thermal stability and excellent reusability of the acid despite slight deactivation after recovery. Future research will focus on optimizing the efficiency and reusability of solid acid catalysts and exploring the use of regenerated hemicellulose derivatives in biobased chemical and sustainable material applications. As renewable and biodegradable resources with tunable structures, hemicellulose derivatives offer great potential for producing biobased chemicals, ecofriendly materials, and catalysts, advancing the biobased economy while reducing fossil fuel dependence and environmental impacts.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2025
·Vol. 36
·期 13
·1-14
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IF 2.8
Rahman Taqi Ur,Chen Xiangrong,Zhang Tianyin,Song Jiale,Hong Zelin,Yin Kai,Awais Muhammad,Paramane Ashish
This study explores an efficient encapsulation strategy to improve the dielectric insulation properties of epoxy (EP) composites. The integration of different concentrations of BST@SiO 2 into the EP matrix markedly enhances the overall performance of the composites, particularly under high-temperature conditions and diverse electric fields. The core–shell structure, where barium strontium titanate (BST) particles are coated with an insulating silica shell, serves to reduce DC electrical conductivity, prevent space charge accumulation, and improve DC breakdown strength. The silica coating restricts the movement of charge carriers, while the positive temperature coefficient (PTC) characteristics of BST further enhances insulation properties by transitioning to an insulative state near the Curie temperature. The electrical double-layer effect in the composite helps to suppress excessive charge injection through Coulombic repulsion, preventing the formation of high local electric fields, which are often a direct cause of electrical breakdown. This mechanism ensures higher breakdown strength by delaying the occurrence of critical local fields. The encapsulated BST@SiO 2 particles provide improved thermal stability, contributing to the composite’s ability to retain superior dielectric properties at elevated temperatures. The reported methodology for fabricating these nanocomposites offers valuable insights into developing EP-based materials with enhanced insulation properties, particularly for high-performance applications.
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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
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2025
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IF 2.8
Wenchao Zhang,Meilin Gao,Dongyu Hou,Bowen Hou,Shiyu Liu,Qingguo Chen,Jinghua Yin,Dong Yue,Yu Feng
Polymer is the dielectric material of choice for dielectric capacitors. However, the low dielectric constant limits the polymer from achieving a satisfactory energy density. Therefore, researchers synergistically integrate a variety of components to effectively improve the energy storage performance. In this paper, Polyetherimide (PEI) and Fluorene Polyester (FPE) hybrid composite films are prepared by a linear/linear blending strategy. The dielectric constants of PEI and FPE are 3.38 and 3.45 at 10 Hz, and the dielectric constant is increased to 4.02 when the mass fraction of FPE is 10%. The breakdown field strength of PEI and FPE is 553.51 and 589.34 kV/mm, and the breakdown field strength reaches 746.51 kV/mm after blending. At 800 kV/mm, the energy storage density and energy storage efficiency of the hybrid composite film reach 11.38 J/cm 3 and 86.14%. Compared with PEI, the performance of the prepared blended composite film has been comprehensively improved, which provides a corresponding theoretical analysis and experimental strategy for the preparation of high-performance all-organic blended composite dielectric and also has potential application prospects in energy storage devices.
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APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
·
2025
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IF 6.9
Zeyang Kang,Shuo Qiu,Qingyu Lv,Jun Yang,Li Zhan,Yong Li,Xiangyang Liu,Maogang He
Managing thermal energy effectively in buildings is vital for sustainability, particularly in extremely cold climates. Herein, we present an innovative approach to building insulation by leveraging cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/black phosphorus (BP) aerogels with uniquely aligned xylem-like porous structures. This study posits that the synergistic interplay between CNF and BP significantly enhances thermal insulation, photothermal conversion, and flame-retardant capabilities, offering a cutting-edge solution for advanced thermal management. Using a strategic combination of polyethyleneimine and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane as co-additives, lightweight CNF sponge-like aerogels were fabricated via freeze-drying and post-crosslinking techniques. These aerogels achieved exceptional thermal insulation with a remarkably low thermal conductivity of 0.067 W/(m·K). Additionally, they demonstrated superior photothermal performance, reaching 84 °C within just 300 s under one-sun illumination, effectively maintaining a stable microclimate even at −5 °C by combining photothermal conversion and insulation effects. The flame-retardant properties of the CNF/BP aerogels were equally impressive, with total heat release reduced by 71 % compared to conventional crosslinked CNF aerogels. This is attributed to the robust porous char formed through phosphoric acid crosslinking with internal carbon chains. These multifunctional CNF/BP aerogels not only redefine the boundaries of thermal management but also establish a promising pathway for next-generation thermal protection materials.
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Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2025
·
IF 14.9
Mengwei Guo,Ze Zhang,Hangrui Zhang,Jiajun Lin,Xianshu Qin,Rongrong Deng,Mingyuan Gao,Qibo Zhang
Developing efficient and durable non-noble-metal catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic media remains a critical challenge for proton-exchange membrane water electrolysis. Here, we report a dual-phase Mn 3 O 4 -Co 2 MnO 4 hybrid oxide electrocatalyst synthesized via a sulfur-assisted co-electrodeposition strategy in a choline chloride/ethylene glycol-based deep eutectic solvent, followed by annealing. The incorporation of sulfur facilitates the formation of a cubic spinel Co 2 MnO 4 phase within the Mn 3 O 4 host, optimizing electronic conductivity and stabilizing the catalytic layer by strengthening Mn–O bonds. When supported on a corrosion-resistant Pt/Ti substrate, the composite electrode achieves a low overpotential of 317 mV at 10 mA cm −2 and sustains stable operation for over 100 h in 0.05 M H 2 SO 4 (pH=1), outperforming most MnO x -based catalysts and approaching noble-metal benchmarks. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the Co 2 MnO 4 phase lowers the energy barrier for the rate-determining OOH*→O 2 step, while in-situ spectroscopic analyses confirm its structural integrity under acidic OER conditions. Furthermore, electrolyte dissociation kinetics significantly influences performance, with HClO 4 exhibiting superior mass transfer due to its high proton conductivity. This work provides a rational design pathway for non-noble-metal acidic OER catalysts through phase engineering and electrolyte optimization, advancing sustainable hydrogen production technologies.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Dujuan Wu,Ruiqi Xin,Lingling Hu,Onder Tor,Ye Song,Song Li,Meiling Chen,Wenkai Zhu
Indoor air pollution presents a significant challenge to human health, driving the development of advanced materials for indoor environmental remediation. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) derived materials possess great promise as promising candidates for addressing this challenge. In this work, the delignified bamboo with multi-scale structure was employed as a substrate to fabricate ZIF-8@bamboo by in-situ and ex-situ growth strategies. The results demonstrated that the delignified bamboo exposed polysaccharided cellulose active group originally present in the bamboo cell walls. The pretreated bamboo was facilitated to the uniform growth of ZIF-8 crystals, and the loaded ZIF-8 exhibited high crystallinity and well-distributed morphological characteristics. Moreover, the successful growth of ZIF-8 increased the bamboo’s specific surface area. Additionally, the formaldehyde adsorption tests revealed that the ZIF-8@bamboo exhibited a 227.73 % improvement for formaldehyde adsorption rate at room temperature. Meanwhile, it also showed a rapid adsorption rate, high adsorption capacity, and reusable performance for formaldehyde. Furthermore, the as-prepared ZIF-8@bamboo demonstrated high removal efficacy for other indoor pollutants, including PM2.5 and PM10. Moreover, the ZIF-8@bamboo exhibited high indoor pollutant removal efficiency after five repeated cycles. Therefore, the ZIF-8@bamboo proposed in this work provides an effective solution to address indoor environmental pollution.
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Symmetry-Basel
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 5
·773
·
IF 2.2
Qingfang Zhang,Yi Li,Xingyu Wang,Xiaoyu Zhang,Shuyi Liu,Hengyi Yuan,Xiaodong Yang,Da Li,Zeping Jin,Yujian Zhang,Yutong Liu,Zhengmai Bian
In recent years, flexible piezoresistive sensors based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix materials have developed rapidly, showing broad application prospects in fields such as human motion monitoring, electronic skin, and intelligent robotics. However, achieving a balance between structural durability and fabrication simplicity remains challenging. Traditional methods for preparing PDMS flexible substrates with high porosity and high stability often require complex, costly processes. Breaking through the constraints of conventional material systems, this study innovatively combines the high elasticity of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) with the stochastically distributed porous topology of a sponge-derived biotemplate through biomimetic templating replication technology, fabricating a heterogeneous composite system with an architecturally asymmetric spatial network. After 5000 loading cycles, uncoated samples experienced a thickness reduction of 7.0 mm, while PDMS-coated samples showed minimal thickness changes (2.0–3.0 mm), positively correlated with curing agent content (5:1 to 20:1). The 5:1 ratio sample demonstrated exceptional mechanical stability. As evidenced, the PDMS film-encapsulated architecturally asymmetric spatial network demonstrates superior stress dissipation efficacy, effectively mitigating stress concentration phenomena inherent to symmetric configurations that induce matrix fracture, thereby achieving optimal mechanical stability. Compared to the pre-test resistance distribution of 10–248 Ω, after 5000 cyclic loading cycles, the uncoated samples exhibited a narrowed resistance range of 10–50 Ω, while PDMS-coated samples maintained a broader resistance range (10–240 Ω) as the curing agent ratio increased (from 20:1 to 5:1), demonstrating that increasing the curing agent ratio helps maintain conductive network stability. The 5:1 ratio sample displayed the lowest resistance variation rate attenuation—only 3% after 5000 cycles (vs. 80% for uncoated samples)—and consistently minimal attenuation at all stages, validating superior electrical stability. Under 0–6 kPa pressure, the 5:1 ratio device maintained a linear sensitivity of 0.157 kPa−1, outperforming some existing works. Human motion monitoring experiments further confirmed its reliable signal output. Furthermore, the architecturally asymmetric spatial network of the device enables superior conformability to complex curvilinear geometries, leveraging its structural anisotropy to achieve seamless interfacial adaptation. By synergistically optimizing material composition and structural design, this study provides a novel technical method for developing highly durable flexible electronic devices.
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