Energy Storage Materials
·
2022
·
IF 20.831
Chong Bai,Kang Ji,Shuxuan Feng,Jiaxue Zhang,Desheng Kong
Stretchable batteries are indispensable energy storage devices to power emerging wearable electronics in soft form factors. In contrast to commonly employed engineering approaches to mitigate strains through structural design, the intrinsically stretchable devices naturally exhibit skin-like mechanical deformability by using all compliant building components. Currently, the intrinsically stretchable battery often shows a significant trade-off between electrochemical performances and mechanical deformability. Here, we introduce a low-cost and scalable approach to create an intrinsically stretchable aqueous battery featuring the deployment of state-of-art battery materials and binders. The compliant current collector, in the form of a bilayer silver nanowire/carbon nanotube nanocomposites, demonstrates excellent mechanical stretchability and electrochemical stability. The microcracked electrode layer retains stable charge transport and excellent electrochemical activity under large mechanical deformations through firm attachment to the bilayer current collector. A stretchable Zn-MnO 2 cell in a sandwiched configuration is assembled exhibiting high specific capacity (>200 mAh g −1 at 100 mA g −1 ), excellent capacity retention of ∼90% over 100 cycles, large stretchability up to 100% strain, and durability against repetitive mechanical deformations. The practical suitability is demonstrated by a stand-alone electronic system conformably mounted on the wrist, in which an LED array is powered by a pair of stretchable Zn-MnO 2 batteries.
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ChemSusChem
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 7
·e202102710
·
IF 9.14
Yongqi Deng,Changchang Teng,Yihan Wu,Kefu Zhang,Lifeng Yan
Graphical Double the discharge : A polypeptide electrode with nitroxide radical pendant groups is synthesized and aqueous Zn-organic radical dual-ion batteries are fabricated, consisting of the polypeptide cathode and a Zn anode. Double discharge capacity (ca. 80 mAh g −1 ) and capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles are realized in 1 m Zn(ClO 4 ) 2 electrolyte. The rapidly growing demand for batteries has led to a lack of global mineral resources and rechargeable organic batteries are paid extensive attention, owing to the abundance resources, light weight, and high flexibility of organic electrodes. However, most organic electrodes that use aliphatic backbones are nondegradable, leading to unsustainability when active sites fail. In this study, a poly(aspartic acid) polypeptide (PASP) with amide links in the backbone and nitroxide radical pendant groups in the side chains is synthesized by modifying the polypeptides with 4-amino-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine. In combination with a Zn anode, the PASP-TEMPO composite electrode exhibits rapid charge–discharge and superior cycling stability with reversible two-electron redox reaction in aqueous electrolyte. The Zn/PASP-TEMPO organic radical battery delivers a discharge capacity of around 80 mAh g −1 by two-electron reaction and charge–discharge rates of up to 18 A g −1 . Because the redox reaction process of the nitroxyl radical turning into oxoammonium follows a p-type mechanism that interacts with an anion, three electrolytes with different anions are tested in the Zn/PASP-TEMPO organic radical battery. Experimental results indicate that discharge plateau voltage is tunable by choosing different zinc salts as electrolytes. Capacity retention of up to 97.4 % after 500 cycles is realized in 1 m ZnClO 4 electrolyte, which can be attributed to the adjacent reaction potentials of the two-step one-electron reaction.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2022
·
IF 16.744
Tuo Xin,Rongkun Zhou,Qiuju Xu,Xiangcheng Yuan,Zilong Zheng,Yiqing Li,Qi Zhang,Jinzhang Liu
Aqueous rechargeable Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) have been regarded as a complement to LIBs due to their merits in terms of high safety, low cost, environmentally benignity, and long cycle life. However, the Zn metal anode suffers from corrosion and parasitic reactions in the aqueous electrolyte, which lead to growth of byproduct flakes and hydrogen gas evolution in the Zn platting/stripping process. Here, an organic additive, 15-crown-5 ether (15-CE-5), is added into the aqueous ZnSO 4 electrolyte to improve the Zn anode performance by altering the Zn 2+ solvation sheath. Other CE molecules such as 12-CE-4 and 18-CE-6 are also tested, while their efficacies are inferior compared to that of 15-CE-5. The optimal concentration of 15-CE-5 in the ZnSO 4 electrolyte is found to be 2 wt%, which enables the best performance of Zn anode in either Zn||Zn symmetric cells or MnO 2 ||Zn full cells. Using this modified electrolyte, the Zn||Zn symmetric cell exhibits a cycle life of 770 h when tested at 2 mA cm −2 and a set capacity of 2 mAh cm −2 , and the MnO 2 ||Zn full cell shows enhanced and stable capacity over 1000 cycles. The experimental results are elucidated by theoretical studies including molecule dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2022
·
IF 9.224
Meiqi Zhang,Luo Feng,Zhiyuan Zeng,Yijie Yang,Xiaoqi Sun
In this work, the Li/Zn-doped near-infrared reflective inorganic blue pigment YIn0.9–xMn0.1MxO3−δ (M = Li/Zn, x = 0–0.4) was synthesized by the high-temperature solid-state reaction method. The phase structures, morphologies, color properties and optical properties of synthetic pigments were characterized by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), CIE1976 color space system, UV–vis-NIR spectrophotometer, and other instruments. All the doped samples have a hexagonal structure with space group P63cm (185). Compared with YIn0.9Mn0.1O3 (b* = −45.91), Li/Zn doped pigments have richer blue hues (b* is ranged from −29.59 to −55.14), which can meet the needs of public’s demands for blue hues. The NIR solar reflectance (R*) of all the samples are above 70%, and the highest R* with different doping concentrations can reach 86% (M = Li, x = 0.2), which is about 16% higher than YIn0.9Mn0.1O3. YIn0.9–xMn0.1MxO3−δ (M = Zn/Li, x = 0–0.4) are indicated to possess higher near-infrared solar reflectivity than other blue compounds, including commercial products. The surface temperature difference between the Li-doped (x = 0.2)/Zn-doped (x = 0.1) paints and commercial ultramarine paint can reach about 20 and 10 °C, respectively. The above properties ensure the potential applications of environmentally friendly YIn0.9–xMn0.1MxO3−δ pigments with a rich blue-hue in the field of energy-saving materials.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·Vol. 46
·期 37
·17767-17775
·
IF 3.925
Ji-Ping Jia,Yu-Lu Zhang,Jin-Yu Gou,Yi-Xuan Zhang,Yu-Ke Dai,Hong-Hua Ge,Yu-Zeng Zhao,Xin-Jing Meng
A Ti/SnO2–Sb–Cu–Zn electrode was prepared for the electrocatalytic oxidation of Acid Red 18 (AR18). The addition of Zn to the coating results in smaller surface cracks and greater roughness. When Cu and Zn coexist, high-index crystal planes are generated on smaller-sized grains formed on the coating surface, which allows the coating surface to adsorb oxygen. Sb5+ and the adjacent Cu2+–Zn2+ on the surface of the Cu–Zn co-doped coating are the advantageous active sites for adsorbed oxygen. The electrode exhibits a larger electrochemically active surface area and smaller electrochemical reaction resistance. The appearance of high-index crystal planes is beneficial to improve the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode, although the oxygen evolution potential of the electrode is not greatly improved. Cu–Zn co-doping produces synergistic mineralisation and enhances the ability to degrade AR18, and ˙OH is the main active species. During the thermal decomposition of the coating, Zn induces Cu to form more active sites on the high-index crystal planes of SnO2, a phenomenon that may be responsible for the synergistic production of more reactive oxygen species on the electrode surface.
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POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2022
·
IF 5.204
Mei Li,Tianxiang Deng,Haiyang Ding,Na Yao,Lina Xu,Xiaohua Yang,Jianling Xia,Shouhai Li
In this work, the adduct of maleic anhydride and methyl eleostearate (MAME) and dimer fatty acid (DFA) were converted to the sodium and zinc salts (L-Zn-MAME, L-Na-MAME, L-Zn-DFA, and L-Na-DFA), respectively, which were subsequently turned into Na/Zn composite liquid stabilizers(LTS-Na/Zn-MAME and LTS-Na/Zn-DFA) by formula combination. Na salts, Zn salts and mixed Na/Zn salts from these fatty acid salts were used as thermal stabilizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). The chemical structures of MAME , DFA, and their liquid zinc and sodium salts were verified using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra. Thermal stability and mechanical properties of the sodium and zinc salts, and their Na/Zn composite liquid stabilizers derived from MAME and DFA for PVC were investigated using discoloration and dynamic mechanical analyses, TGA-FTIR-MS, thermal decomposition kinetics, and Congo red and tensile tests. Thermal stability of pure PVC is poor, but membrane thermal stability can be improved by integrating thermal stabilizers. Results show that L-Na-MAME has an outstanding synergistic effect with the commercial general calcium/zinc stearate composite heat stabilizer(CaSt 2 /ZnSt 2 ). CaSt 2 /ZnSt 2 /LTS-Na-MAME, LTS-Na/Zn-MAME and CaSt 2 /LTS-Zn-DFA/LTS-Na-DFA also have a better heat-stabilizing impact on PVC than CaSt 2 /ZnSt 2 , especially LTS-Na/Zn-MAME can more effectively enhance the primary coloring of PVC. In comparison to blank PVC and PVC/CaSt 2 /ZnSt 2 , both PVC/LTS-Na/Zn-MAME and PVC/LTS-Na/Zn-DFA display a larger elongation at break and acceptable tensile strength. The new stabilizers can largely enhance the heat stability of PVC resins, endowing PVC products with good plasticization performance, and can fully or partially replace the general calcium zinc stearate composite heat stabilizer and other heat stabilization products.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2022
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IF 6.371
Jiawei Lin,Muzi Li,Yisha Wang,Yafang Li,Fan Sun,Xin Chen,Zhongnan Guo,Jing Zhao,Wenxia Yuan
Exploring semiconductors with a large band gap and a small hole effective mass are of great importance for the development of outstanding p-type transparent conducting materials. In this work, we report the single crystal growth of two Zn-based chalcogenides K 2 Zn 3 S 4 and Rb 2 Zn 3 Se 4 . Single crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that K 2 Zn 3 S 4 and Rb 2 Zn 3 Se 4 crystallize in P 2/ c and Ibam space group, respectively. Both compounds show layered structure, and the layers are formed by edge-sharing tetragonal [Zn 3 Q 4 ] 2- units and alkali-metal cations are distributed between the layers. To our surprise, compared to the previously reported structure obtained by powder X-ray diffraction, K 2 Zn 3 S 4 crystallized in a new type of structure in which adjacent layers were displaced. Both experiments and theoretical calculations indicate that K 2 Zn 3 S 4 and Rb 2 Zn 3 Se 4 are direct semiconductors with large band gaps, and the experimental values are 3.6 eV for K 2 Zn 3 S 4 and 3.1 eV for Rb 2 Zn 3 Se 4 . Based on first-principles calculations, the hole effective masses of K 2 Zn 3 S 4 are calculated to be as small as 0.425 me, revealing the potential remarkable transparent conductivity in this Zn-based chalcogenide.
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Energy Technology
·
2022
·Vol. 10
·期 11
·2200602
·
IF 4.149
Xiaoran Zhu,Jianze Zhang,Yan Wang,Mingsheng Yang,Haiping Yu,Tengfei Li,Mingjun Hu,Jun Yang
It remains a challenge to achieve high-performance, low-cost, and robustly durable Fe, N co-doped carbon-based oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts with abundantly accessible Fe–N X sites. Herein, a novel scheme is designed to enrich the pore structure, increase the specific surface area, and generate spatially isolated Fe–N X sites of the ORR catalyst, in which pyridine nitrogen-rich lamellar metal–organic complex (Fe–tetrapyridophenazine) is employed as the precursor and 2D graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) as additional nitrogen source for achieving synergistic nitrogen-doping effect. The introduction of g-C 3 N 4 not only ameliorates the nitrogen coordination environment of metal active centers of the composite, but also increases the specific surface area and improves the pore structure. The resultant Fe–NC&CN composite has abundant active sites as well as remarkable electrical conductivity and suitable pore size for electron transfer and reactant diffusion. As expected, the catalyst exhibits excellent ORR activity, driving the reaction with low overpotential ( E 1/2 = 0.879 V) and remaining stable over a long reaction time (93% for 60 000 s), better than commercial Pt/C (20%) in all aspects. The assembled Zn–air battery exhibits high open-circuit voltage of 1.566 V and high specific capacity of 815 mAh g Zn −1 , as well as stable and persistent discharge performance.
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JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
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2022
·
IF 5.141
Zekai Sheng,Fengming Hou,Leilei Zou,Yihang Li,Jiaxin Li,Jin Li,Libang Ai,Wei Wei,Ang Wei
Aspergillus fumigatus ( A. fumigatus ) is a representative significant pathogenic fungus and its spores are arduous to inactivate. Herein, an efficient and environmental-friendly photocatalytic method to eliminate A. fumigatus spores was demonstrated. Zn-Ti layered double hydroxide (Zn-Ti LDH), showed the admirable activity with above 99.34% disinfection rate under visible light illumination for 6 h. The compelling sterilization activities were ascribed to the potent synergistic effect of zinc ions (Zn 2+ ) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The attack of these species caused the eradication of fungal cell structure, and resulting in the leakage of cytoplasmic as demonstrated by scanning electron microscope, confocal laser scanning microscope and potassium ions (K + ) leakage test. In addition, Zn-Ti LDH released Zn 2+ and ROS only under visible light irradiation, which endows the material light-triggered bactericidal property. Overall, these findings not only provide a green and sustainable way to control A. fumigatus contaminations, but also can be as an example to control other toxic fungi in future study.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2022
·Vol. 189
·期 9
·1-10
·
IF 6.408
Zhou Xuemei,Qi Yuji,Tang Yulian,Gao Hui,Lv Li,Lei Xingyu,Hu Lei,Yan Zhengquan
To enhance the peroxidase-like performance and its application in detection of toxic o -aminophenol ( o -AP), a kind of bimetal Cu–Zn oxide-based mesoporous nanosphere (Cu 2/3 Zn 1/3 O PNPs) was constructed under microwave-radiation conditions. Its mesoporous microstructure and peroxidase-like catalytic activity were investigated in detail. The results showed that Cu 2/3 Zn 1/3 O PNPs possessed a high specific surface area of 34.89 m 2 g −1 and a well-distributed mesoporous size of approximate 6.07 nm, which endowed the superior peroxidase-like performance. The material catalyzes the oxidization of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) with K m / V max of 0.104 mM/3.79 × 10 −8 M·s −1 in the presence of H 2 O 2 . Especially o -AP could exclusively deteriorate the characteristic UV–Vis absorbance intensity at 653 nm ( A 653 ) of the Cu 2/3 Zn 1/3 O PNPs-TMB-H 2 O 2 system with obvious color change from blue to colorless. Under the optimal conditions, the effect of some interfering substances was low and the limit of detection (LOD) for o -AP was 1.65 × 10 −8 mol/L (S/N = 3). When applied to the colorimetric detection of o -AP in practice, the recovery was between 96.1 and 107.2% with R.S.D. less than 2.04%. The mechanism of synergic-enhancement peroxidase-mimic activity of Cu 2/3 Zn 1/3 O PNPs and its exclusive colorimetric response to o -AP were proposed as well. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2021
·
IF 10.588
Yuehui Tan,Xirui Wan,Ting Zhou,Le Wang,Xianqiang Yin,Aisheng Ma,Nong Wang
In this study, a novel adsorbent made from kiwi branch biochar modified with Zn-Fe (KB/Zn-Fe) was compared with original biochar to the Pb(II)'s adsorptivity from waste water. The adsorbent was synthetized by liquid-phase deposition. Batches of sorption tests were performed, and the biochars' representative properties were tested. Characterizations revealed the physicochemical properties of biochars and showed that the KB/Zn-Fe composites were successfully synthesized. The Langmuir model and pseudo-second-order kinetic model were proven to satisfactorily fit the original biochar and KB/Zn-Fe. The KB/Zn-Fe showed Langmuir maximum adsorption ability to Pb (II) in aqueous solution of 161.29 mg g -1 , compared with 36.76 mg g -1 for original biochar. The adsorption ability of Pb(II) decreased and the Pb(II) removal efficiency increased with increasing biochar dose. The effect of co-existence of NO 3 - to the absorptive capacity of KB/Zn-Fe on Pb(II) was unremarkable, but Cl - could increase the absorptive capacity. Multiple Pb(II) adsorption mechanisms by KB/Zn-Fe include surface precipitation of metal hydroxides, complexation with active functional groups and ion-exchange. This work provides guidance for future production of biochar with efficient adsorption ability, which could be used to remove Pb(II) ions from wastewater.
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Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry
·
2021
·
IF 2.193
Hongchuan Li,Rui Jin,Hongxiang Hu,Yusef Kianpoor Kalkhajeh,Yingying Zhao,Yue Gao,Borui Zhang
Sodium alginate (SA), polyvinyl oxide (PEO), and ceramic nanomaterials were used to prepare alginate composite gel. The present study examined the removal rate and adsorption capacity of alginate composite gel for removal of wastewater As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II). Batch experiments were conducted to study the influence of experimental parameters such as pH and temperature, as well as the mechanism of As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II) adsorption with the new adsorbent. The results showed the high efficiency of sodium alginate composite gel for removal of wastewater As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II). Under the condition of the best liquid-solid ratio and the contact time, the removal rates of As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II) were 67.42%, 95.31%, and 93.96%, respectively. The pseudo-second-order kinetic equation was superior to fit the adsorption kinetics process. The isothermal adsorption models of As(III) and Pb(II) fitted well with the Freundlich model, and Zn(II) fitted well with the Langmuir model. The results of SEM, EDS, XPS, and FTIR analyses revealed that the adsorption process occurred mainly via chemisorption. The results of the present study suggest that new adsorbents can be effectively utilized for As(III), Pb(II), and Zn(II) removal from water.
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