SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Qiaolin Ren,Wei Zhang,Wenjun Yan,Zhongde Wang
Electrochemical oxidation (ECO) technology has proven to be efficient for organic wastewater treatment. Given the strong demand for the development of anodes with superior stability, high activity, and low cost that can be applied industrially, herein, a stable Sb-doped Ti/RuO 2 -IrO 2 -SnO 2 electrode (SSE) is fabricated and served as an anode for the degradation of aniline using diverse power supply modes. The SSE shows better performance than the Ti/RuO 2 -IrO 2 -SnO 2 electrode (SE) in facilitating electron transport, enlarging the electrochemical active surface area, enhancing stability, and increasing electrocatalytic activity. Theoretical calculations reveal the stability and electronic properties of the synthesized electrodes. Furthermore, by degrading complex molecules and real wastewater, the practical industrial application of SSE is explored. Subsequently, the active species and possible degradation pathways are systematically elucidated. Therefore, this work provides a promising and superior-performance electrode with attractive application prospects for the high-efficient degradation of refractory organic wastewater.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Songyu Ren,Aimin Wang,Yanyu Zhang,Yongjun Song,Zhenjun Wen,Zhongguo Zhang
Electrocatalytic H 2 O 2 production via the two-electron oxygen reduction reaction on the cathode surface plays a crucial role in the electro-peroxidation (EO-H 2 O 2 ). In this work, the H 2 O 2 generation potential of the EO-H 2 O 2 process using an activated carbon fiber attached RuO 2 /Ti cathode (ACF@RuO 2 /Ti) was evaluated by simulation experiments with a high-precision syringe pump. Results shown that the actual average H 2 O 2 accumulation rate reached up to 4.92 mg h −1 cm −2 , while more than 95 % of the electrogenerated H 2 O 2 was decomposed quickly. Electron paramagnetic resonance and quenching tests confirmed that the primary oxidant • OH was produced from H 2 O 2 activation by ACF, RuO 2 catalyst and their synergistic effect, while RuO 2 played dominant role. The production of • OH in the EO-H 2 O 2 process was also confirmed by the degradation and mineralization of antibiotic ciprofloxacin. The characterization results indicated that heterogeneous catalysis of cathode was due to both the pyridinic nitrogen and oxygen-containing groups of ACF, along with RuO 2 catalyst on the RuO 2 /Ti surface. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms of the in situ H 2 O 2 generation and activation in the EO-H 2 O 2 process.
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Journal of Energy Chemistry
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2024
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IF 14
Yangyang Chen,Yu Liao,Ying Wu,Lei Li,Zhen Zhang,Sha Luo,Yiqiang Wu,Yan Qing
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered promising candidates for next-generation battery technologies owing to their outstanding theoretical energy density and cost-effectiveness. However, the low conductivity and polysulfide shuttling effect of S cathodes severely hamper the practical performance of LSBs . Herein, in situ-generated single layer MXene nanosheet/hierarchical porous carbonized wood fiber (MX/PCWF) composites are prepared via a nonhazardous eutectic activation strategy coupled with pyrolysis-induced gas diffusion. The unique architecture, wherein single layer MXene nanosheets are constructed on carbonized wood fiber walls, ensures rapid polysulfide conversion and continuous electron transfer for redox reactions. The C–Ti–C bonds formed between MXene and PCWF can considerably expedite the conversion of polysulfides, effectively suppressing the shuttle effect. An impressive capacity of 1301.1 mA h g −1 at 0.5 C accompanied by remarkable stability is attained with the MX/PCWF host, as evidenced by the capacity maintenance of 722.6 mA h g −1 after 500 cycles. Notably, the MX/PCWF/S cathode can still deliver a high capacity of 886.8 mA h g −1 at a high S loading of 5.6 mg cm −2 . The construction of two-dimensional MXenes on natural wood fiber walls offers a competitive edge over S-based cathode materials and demonstrates a novel strategy for developing high-performance batteries.
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MOLECULES
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2024
·Vol. 29
·期 5
·1182
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IF 4.2
Yunqing Zhu,Kaiyue Wen,Bingqing Li,Yirong Hao,Jianjun Zhou
In this study, the performance of a zero-gap flow-through reactor with three-dimensional (3D) porous Ti/RuO2-TiO2@Pt anodes was systematically investigated for the electrocatalytic oxidation of phenolic wastewater, considering phenol and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as the target pollutants. The optimum parameters for the electrochemical oxidation of phenol and 4-NP were examined. For phenol degradation, at an initial concentration of 50 mg/L, initial pH of 7, NaCl concentration of 10.0 g/L, current density of 10 mA/cm2, and retention time of 30 min, the degradation efficiency achieved was 95.05%, with an energy consumption of 15.39 kWh/kg; meanwhile, for 4-NP, the degradation efficiency was 98.42% and energy consumption was 19.21 kWh/kg (at an initial concentration of 40 mg/L, initial pH of 3, NaCl concentration of 10.0 g/L, current density of 10 mA/cm2, and retention time of 30 min). The electrocatalytic oxidation of phenol and 4-NP conformed to the pseudo-first-order kinetics model, and thekvalues were 0.2562 min−1and 0.1736 min−1, respectively, which are 1.7 and 3.6-times higher than those of a conventional electrolyzer. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) was used to verify the intermediates formed during the degradation of phenol or 4-NP and a possible degradation pathway was provided. The extremely narrow electrode distance and the flow-through configuration of the zero-gap flow-through reactor were thought to be essential for its lower energy consumption and higher mass transfer efficiency. The zero-gap flow-through reactor with a novel 3D porous Ti/RuO2-TiO2@Pt electrode is a superior alternative for the treatment of industrial wastewater.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
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2024
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IF 4.7
Haitao Zhang,Ningchen Ye,Runzhe Dong,Qing Li,Zheng Wang,Zifei Gao,Xiang Ji,Lin Liu,Juanjuan Ma,Zhiwei Tong
A simple electrochemical reduction technique was employed to generate Ti 3+ with strong reducing property on the anodic TiO 2 nanotubes (ATNTs). Utilizing Ti 3+ as the reducing agent, Pd 2+ was successfully reduced in situ to Pd 0 on the anodic TiO 2 nanotubes (Pd@ATNTs). Various characterization methods were employed to confirm that the proportion of Ti 3+ and the size of Pd nanoparticles could be controlled by adjusting the electrochemical reduction voltage. The obtained [email protected] exhibited satisfactory catalytic efficiency (TOF: 1302 h −1 ) in the Heck reaction between various aryl halides and olefins. Furthermore, [email protected] demonstrated high stability, with no significant loss of catalytic activity observed even after six cycles.
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JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2025
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IF 6.5
Yixin Li,Jianhao Qiu,Jie Xu,Yong Tang,Dingliang Dai,Guanglu Xia,Biyao Fang,Jianfeng Yao
The utilization of solar energy to break the C α C β bonds in lignin under mild conditions is highly important for lignin valorization. This work presents an MIL-125-derived titanium oxide (M-TiO 2 )-modified carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) heterostructure for selective photocatalytic lignin C α C β bond cleavage at room temperature. The conversion of lignin model 2-phenoxy-1-phenylethanol (PP-ol) reached 90.8 % over M-TiO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 composites, which is visibly higher than that of bare M-TiO 2 (33.2 %) and g-C 3 N 4 (57.3 %). Furthermore, the selectivity of C α C β bond breakage reached 96.8 %, and the yield of benzaldehyde was as high as 86.4 %. A mechanistic study innovatively demonstrated that lignin C α C β bond cleavages are achieved by the cooperative effect between holes and 1 O 2 , where holes dominate PP-ol conversion, whereas 1 O 2 governs C α C β bond cleavages. M-TiO 2 has relatively large surface areas and high porosities, and the Z-scheme heterojunctions retard charge carrier recombination and outfit strong redox abilities, which separately prompt O 2 adsorption and evolution to generate 1 O 2 , accounting for the high selectivity of C α C β bond breakages over M-TiO 2 /g-C 3 N 4 composites. This study sheds new light on the potential of metal–organic framework-derived materials in photocatalysis and provides valuable insights into the photocatalytic cleavage of lignin C α C β bonds.
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MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
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2024
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IF 4.2
Fanhua Yu,Shaojie Hong,Bin Guo,Xiangqian Ren,Xingfu Zhou
Ozone water is widely used in disinfection area and wastewater treatment due to its strong oxidation. Recent studies have found that Ti/SnO 2 -Sb-Ni (NATO) anode has higher O 3 generation efficiency due to its higher oxygen evolution potential. In this paper, TiO 2 nanotubes (TiO 2 -NTs) were prepared by anodic oxidation method as the basic substrate material for the Ti/SnO 2 -Sb-Ni electrode, and SnO 2 -Sb-Bi was introduced as the intermediate layer to investigate the electro-synthesis of ozonated water. Studies show that the modification of the TiO 2 -NTs substrate provides a larger specific surface area for the reaction and accelerates the transfer of electrons from the oxide layer to the substrate. The introduction of the SnO 2 -Sb-Bi intermediate layer effectively delays the electrode deactivation and also enhances the electron transport. When the Ti/TiO 2 NTs/SnO 2 -Sb-Bi/NATO electrode was used and electrolyzed for 15 min, the ozone water concentration reached 13.15 mg L −1 , about twice as much as the unmodified electrode. The effects of current density and the coating numbers of active layers on the electrosynthesis of the ozonated water were also investigated. Finally, the application of ozonated water in the decolorization of organic dye wastewater was investigated based on its strong oxidation property, the degradation rate of 40 ppm methylene blue reached 94.5 % and the COD removal rate reached 72.9 % in 30 min. In addition, the cell voltage remained constant during decoloration, indicating the good stability of the electrode. This study also opens a door to the rapid electrochemically decoloration of wastewater and sterilization area by using electrochemically obtainable ozone water.
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Sensors and Actuators Reports
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2024
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IF 6.5
Zhiming Chen,Zhiwen Shi,Peng Zhang,Li Gao,Bingxin Liu,Lijuan Qiao
The presence of ammonia in exhaled human breath serves as a crucial biomarker for renal diseases. This paper presents a highly sensitive ammonia sensor operable at room temperature, utilizing a Ti/Zr dual metal MOF as its core component, synthesized through a straightforward solvothermal reaction approach. The Ti/Zr-MOF demonstrates excellent responsiveness to ammonia gas, with a detection limit of remarkable sensitivity, reaching as low as 2 ppm. Notably, the sensor exhibits practical insensitivity to similar concentrations of other major interfering breath volatiles, including acetone, ethanol, and saturated moisture. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) analysis confirms the presence of oxygen vacancies (Ov) in Ti/Zr-MOF materials, with Ti/Zr-MOF exhibiting stronger Ov signals and the potential for enhanced NH3 adsorption and capture. In-situ FTIR spectrum analysis reveals ammonia-induced -OH (H 2 O) moiety formation, indicating a reaction between adsorbed O 2 − species and ammonia, resulting in decreased electrical resistance of Ti/Zr-MOF.
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LANGMUIR
·
2025
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IF 3.9
Haiqing Liu,Muhammad Jawad,Jingmao Zhao,Baomin Fan,Mohammad Tabish,Muhammad Mubeen,Mubashar Mahmood,Jingbao Wang
Under-film filiform corrosion (FFC) poses a significant challenge to the durability and reliability of Zn–Al–Mg-coated steel (ZM-steel), necessitating the development of advanced protective strategies. Herein, benzotriazole 5-carboxylic acid (BTC)-modified titanium zirconium (TiZr) conversion coatings (CCs) were developed as a sustainable solution to mitigate FFC, enhance corrosion resistance, and improve the adhesion of epoxy (EP) coatings on ZM-steel. Through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, potentiodynamic polarization, FFC, and neutral salt spray (NSS) tests, the optimized BTC-TiZr CC, prepared in a Ti–Zr solution containing 0.5 g/L BTC, a treatment temperature of 25 °C, and a short immersion duration of 120 s, exhibited superior corrosion resistance, robust adhesion strength, and exceptional FFC inhibition. Metal–organic complexes (MOCs) of Ti/Zr/Zn with BTC were identified alongside mixed Ti/Zr/Zn/Al/Mg oxides and fluorides within the BTC-TiZr CC. BTC not only exerted strong corrosion inhibition efficacy for ZM-steel but also facilitated the formation of MOCs with metal ions in TiZr conversion solutions (CSs). Density functional theory calculations revealed that BTC preferentially adsorbs onto the MgZn2 phase, effectively suppressing its dissolution within the ZM layer. These findings establish BTC-TiZr CCs as a promising, environmentally friendly solution for advanced corrosion protection of ZM-steel, especially FFC suppression.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2024
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IF 4.9
Hanlu Zeng,Yunlan Xu,Dengjie Zhong,Yuqin Yang,Qingmei Qiao
Photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) provides a new method to degrade organic pollutants and recover their energy simultaneously. In this work, a novel flower-like hierarchical photoanode (PANI/Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 /BiOBr/Ti) was synthesized by solvothermal method and assembled with Cu cathode to form a PFC for rhodamine B (RhB) degradation and simultaneous power generation. The crystal structure, chemical composition, and morphology of the photoanode was characterized by a variety of analysis techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the ternary hierarchical composite photoanode was superior to that of single and binary composite photoanodes. Its maximum photocurrent density, maximum power density, degradation rate and FF were 0.241 mA·cm −2 , 21.52μW·cm −2 , 92.97 % (90 min) and 0.18, respectively. In addition, it still maintains high photocatalytic activity after five consecutive uses. Based on the analysis results of transient photocurrent (i-t), EIS, DRS spectrum, M-S curve and free radical capture experiments, the improvement of photocatalytic performance of PANI/Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 /BiOBr/Ti photoanode is attributed to the formation of dual Z-scheme heterojunction between PANI and BiOBr and between Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 and BiOBr, which realizes the rapid separation and transfer of electron-hole pairs, and retains the strong oxidation of holes in VB of BiOBr and the strong reduction of electrons in LUMO of PANI and CB of Bi 2 Sn 2 O 7 . This study provides a new research idea for the design and construction of high efficiency photoanode in PFC system.
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RARE METALS
·
2025
·
IF 11
Wei He-He,Zhang Xin-Xin,Sun Si-Wei,Gai Shi-Li,Yu Hai-Tao,Xie Ying
Transition metal phosphides (TMPs), with tunable electronic structures and diverse compositions, are promising candidates for electrocatalytic water splitting. However, their unsatisfactory electrical conductivity and tendency to aggregate during reactions result in structural instability, ultimately hindering further improvement of their electrocatalytic performance. To address these issues, a bamboo-leaf-like FeCoP/MXene heterojunction was synthesized by hydrothermal and thermal treatments, utilizing highly conductive MXene as the substrate. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental characterization reveal that strong Ti–O–Co/Fe covalent bond are formed between MXene and FeCoP through hybridization of O 2p and Co/Fe 3d orbitals, which enhance the structural stability of the interface and facilitate the effective anchoring of FeCoP on the MXene surface. Consequently, the structural stability and electrical conductivity of the catalyst are improved simultaneously. Additionally, interfacial charge redistribution optimizes the Gibbs free energy of hydrogen adsorption at the Co, Fe, and Ti sites while promoting the adsorption and activation of water molecules. These factors interact synergistically, leading to enhanced bi-functional electrocatalytic performance for both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In a FeCoP/MXene (+||−) two-electrode system, the catalyst achieves a current density of 10 mA cm –2 at a potential of 1.5 V, which is superior to the RuO 2 (+)||Pt/C (−) system. The assembled water splitting device exhibits long-term stability for up to 100 h at a current density of 100 mA cm –2 . Furthermore, an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE) equipped with FeCoP/MXene as both anode and cathode achieves an industrial-grade current density of 500 mA cm –2 at 1.83 V. These results highlight the critical role of interfacial engineering in enhancing the electrocatalytic performance of TMPs for water splitting and provide valuable insights for the design of novel bifunctional TMP catalysts. Graphical abstract
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2025
·
IF 6.3
Xin Tang,Ruipeng Mao,Fan Zhang,Yongzhong Jin,Wei Su,Wu Jiang,Junhao Wang
Cemented carbides play a pivotal role in diverse industrial sectors, and controlling abnormal grain growth and regulating the homogeneity of the Co binder phase are the key challenges to improve their properties. In this study, WC-10Co alloy was prepared for the first time by low-pressure sintering technique using (Ti, Cr, V, Nb, Mo)(C, N) high entropy powder as an inhibitor, focusing on the effect of trace additions of (Ti, Cr, V, Nb, Mo)(C, N) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy as well as friction and wear properties. The results show that under the conditions of sintering at 1420 ℃, a pressure of 3 MPa, and a holding time of 1 hour, the alloy with 0.2 wt.% high-entropy inhibitor exhibited the best comprehensive properties, with a flexural strength of 3752 MPa, a Vickers hardness of 1679 HV 30 , and a fracture toughness of 13.07 MPa·m 1/2 . During the stable stage of tribological testing, the average friction coefficient reached 0.6195, and the wear rate was as low as 1.34×10 -7 mm 3 /(N·m). The toughening and strengthening mechanism of the (Ti, Cr, V, Nb, Mo)(C, N) - modified alloy is mainly attributed to the significant refinement of WC grains, WC lattice contraction, and the formation of Co-based solid solutions by the high-entropy inhibitor. However, excessive addition deteriorates the overall performance. This study provides experimental data and technical insights for the development of a new generation of cemented carbides with high strength, high toughness, and excellent wear resistance.
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