WATER RESEARCH
·
2019
·
IF 7.913
Dongni Sun,Xiaoting Hong,Keming Wu,K.S. Hui,Yingying Du,K.N. Hui
Electro-oxidation using RuO 2 –IrO 2 /Ti plate anode and electrocoagulation using iron plate anode were widely applied to remove ammonia and phosphate in an aquatic environment, respectively. In this work, we designed magnetically bound ZVI microparticles on RuO 2 –IrO 2 /Ti plate as a composite electrode for the simultaneous removal of ammonia and phosphate from aqueous solution via combined EO and EC (EO/EC) processes. We present a series of experiments to study such simultaneous removal under an electric field via the EO/EC process. In the electrochemical unit, mZVI-RuO 2 -IrO 2 /Ti, mZVI-graphite, and RuO 2 –IrO 2 /Ti electrodes were used as anodes. The influence of applied voltage, initial pH, zero-valent iron dosage, reaction temperature, and organic compounds on the EO/EC process was also examined. Ammonia and phosphate could be completely removed at an applied voltage of 10 V, pH of 7, zero-valent iron dosage of 0.1 g, and reaction temperature of 35 °C using mZVI-RuO 2 -IrO 2 /Ti anode when influent ammonia and phosphate concentrations is 200 and 100 mg L −1 . Ammonia degradation was consistent with pseudo-zero-order kinetic model. The characterization was analyzed by scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Hence, the mZVI-RuO 2 -IrO 2 /Ti electrode can be used for efficient simultaneous removal of ammonia and phosphate.
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MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS
·
2019
·
IF 4.182
Xiaohuan Qi,Tianquan Lin,Shaoning Zhang,Jijian Xu,Huimin Zhang,Fangfang Xu,Fuqiang Huang
Nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous hard carbon (NPC) that are capable of high N content, high specific surface area and high chemical stability has the potential to be a promising electrode material for energy storage application. Here we report a N-doped hierarchical porous hard carbon via a facile Ti-peroxy initiated in-situ polymerization of p -phenylenediamine. Ti-peroxy can also serve as a hard template to manipulate the formation of hierarchical porous. This nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous hard carbon has advantages of high N-content (7.2 at. %) and high surface area (1515 m 2 g −1 ), displaying a specific capacitance of 360 F g −1 and an extraordinary cycling stability above 98% after 30,000 cycles.
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OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Yuwei Sun,Xin Qi,Chou Chen,Wenyu Liu,Qian Tang,Honghui Teng,Baixiang Ren
In this work, AgI nanoparticles were anchored on decahedron-like MIL-125(Ti) through wet precipitation method, and the photocatalytic activities were analyzed by tetracycline (TC) degradation rates under simulated sunlight. The structures, morphologies, valence bonds, optical absorption properties, charge separation efficiencies of the prepared samples were tested by XRD , SEM, EDS , XPS, UV–Vis DRS and PL spectroscopy. Compared with pure MIL-125(Ti), AgI@MIL-125(Ti) displayed excellent photocatalytic performance on TC degradation. When the mass fraction of AgI in AgI@MIL-125(Ti) was 10 %, AgI@MIL-125(Ti)-10 % displayed the best photocatalytic efficiency, which 96.9 % of TC was removed under simulated sunlight for 30 min. The results of active species trapping experiments and ESR tests showed that the Z-Scheme heterojunction between AgI and MIL-125(Ti) promoted the separation of photogenerated charges. Furthermore, a part of Ag + were reduced to Ag NPs in the process of photocatalytic reaction, which constructed a cross-linking bridge for the charges at the interface of AgI and MIL-125(Ti) and further accelerated the electron transmission. The intermediate toxicity experiments proved that the toxic structures are destroyed in TC solution after MIL-125(Ti)-10 % photocatalytic degradation, and the toxicity of the reaction system was reduced effectively.
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·Vol. 47
·期 31
·14828-14839
·
IF 3.3
Lin Dong,Yunlan Xu,Dengjie Zhong,Nianbing Zhong,Zhuofan Han,Yi Liu,Haixing Chang
The low electron–hole separation in the photoanode generally restricts the visible light response of photocatalytic fuel cell (PFCs). In this study, 5% NH2-MIL-125/g-C3N4/Bi2O3/Ti photoanode was synthesized and assembled with a PFC with Cu cathode to degrade rhodamine B and generate electricity. With visible light irritation, the maximum photocurrent density, maximum power density, and degradation rate of the PFC were 0.59 mA cm−2, 29.88 μW cm−2, and 97.48% (1 h), respectively. The major active species in the PFC were h+, ˙O2−, and ˙OH. The good performance of the PFC was ascribed to the formation of a double Z-type heterojunction in the 5% NH2-MIL-125/g-C3N4/Bi2O3/Ti photoanode so that the photoelectrons of NH2-MIL-125 and Bi2O3 directly combine with the photoholes of g-C3N4, making the photoholes of NH2-MIL-125 and Bi2O3 and the photoelectrons of g-C3N4 directly or indirectly involved in the RhB degradation process and generating electricity. Thus, the separation rate of the e−–h+ pairs in the photoanode and the capability of the PFC are greatly improved.
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Crystals
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 1
·14
·
IF 2.7
Yufei Zu,Zi Wang,Hongliang Tian,Fan Wu,Lianshen Fu,Jixiang Dai,Jianjun Sha
High-entropy diboride-based (MeB2-based) ceramics are promising high-temperature structural materials because of their excellent mechanical properties, high-temperature stability, and oxidation resistance. In order to achieve low-temperature sintering of the high-entropy ceramics, a novel preparation method of high-entropy (Ti,Zr,Nb,Mo,W)B2-SiC ceramics based on reactive sintering of pre-alloyed solid-solution metals and nonmetals of Si, C, B4C was conducted in the current work. Mechanical alloying behavior of the mixed metal powders, as well as the phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behavior of the as-sintered MeB2-SiC ceramic were investigated. The XRD, SEM, and EPMA results indicated that the primary MeB2solid-solution and SiC phases could be successfully formed during reactive sintering at a relatively low temperature of 1650 °C. The as-sintered MeB2-SiC ceramics had a high relative density of 97.8% and high mechanical properties (hardness of 19.74 ± 0.8 GPa, flexure strength of 533 ± 38 MPa, and fracture toughness of 6.01 ± 0.77 MPa·m1/2). Combining the oxidation behavior and microstructure evolution of the oxidation layer, a continuous and relatively dense MeOx-SiO2oxidation layer was gradually formed and covered on the external surface, leading to decelerating oxidation behavior after an oxidation exposure time of 10 min.
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KOREAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2023
·Vol. 40
·期 12
·3059-3067
·
IF 2.7
Yin Zihang,He Ruibo,Nie Fei,Wei Zhen,Jia Bo,Feng Qing,Fu Xiaolong,Zhang Wenyan
The oxygen evolution kinetics of industrial copper electrodeposition is slow, resulting in low electrocatalytic activity and high energy consumption. In this work, a quaternary composite of carbon coated active particles containing Mn, Co and Ce were prepared (Mn-Co 3 O 4 /CeO 2 @C), and Ti/Sb-SnO 2 /PbO 2 electrode doped with these active particles was prepared by co-electrodeposition. The microstructure and chemical composition of the electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel polarization curve (Tafel) were used to study the electrochemical properties of anode materials. The results showed that the doping of Mn-Co 3 O 4 /CeO 2 @C active particles promoted the crystal transition of PbO 2 , decreased the average grain size, and the doping of Ce increases the average valence state of Co. The modified titanium electrode showed excellent catalytic activity of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) characteristics. The overpotential of the doped Ti/Sb-SnO 2 /PbO 2 anode was only 453 mV when the current density was 20 mA cm −2 in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 solution, which is 508 mV lower than that of the undoped Ti/Sb-SnO 2 /PbO 2 anode. In simulated copper electro-deposition experiments, the cell voltage was reduced by about 400 mV, compared to the undoped Ti/Sb-SnO 2 /PbO 2 electrode.
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Journal of Manufacturing Processes
·
2023
·
IF 6.2
Shuye Zhang,Jincheng Lin,Ce Wang,Peng He,Wei Wang,Xinfei Zhang,Tong Wu,Han Mei,Yue Liu,Panpan Lin,Tiesong Lin
The brazed joint of sapphire transparent ceramic and Kovar alloy was prepared using AgCuTi and AgCuTiB composite filler, and the main focus was the effect of B element on the wetting behavior, interface composition and joint mechanical performance. The reliable joint of sapphire transparent ceramic and Kovar alloy was obtained by vacuum brazing with AgCu28-6Ti-0.45B (wt%) composite filler. The typical interfacial structure of the joint brazed at 825 °C for 10 min was determined as sapphire/Ti 3 Cu 3 O/Ag(s,s) + Cu(s,s) + disperse TiB/TiFe 2 + TiNi 3 /Kovar. The results showed that the addition of B could contributed to an optimized interfacial structure via (i) in-situ forming fine TiB whisker reinforcement phase and refining the interface structure and (ii) reducing the diffusion degree of alloy side elements to inhibit the generation of brittle phase, and the maximum shear strength of the joint with AgCu28-6Ti-0.45B (wt%) reached 125 MPa more than twice the joint without B additive. On the other hand, the wetting experiment showed that the addition of B as a solid particle decreased the fluidity of the composite filler, and when the addition of B was excessive, no dense TiB whiskers were produced in the interface. This study provides ideas for the optimization and improvement of sapphire composite connection, and points out that the generation of reinforcing phase is accompanied by the reduction of fluidity, so it is necessary to reasonably control the proportion of reinforcing phase.
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CHEMOSPHERE
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Hoang Nguyen Tien,Fredrick M. Mwazighe
In this work, a novel La-doped βPbO 2 (Ti/SnO 2 –Sb/La-βPbO 2 ) was prepared using electrodeposition method and applied to the degradation of prednisolone (PRD), 8-Hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ), and other typical organic pollutants. Compared with the conventional electrode Ti/SnO 2 –Sb/βPbO 2 , La 2 O 3 doping enhanced oxygen evolution potential (OEP), reactive surface area, stability and repeatability of the electrode. The 10 g L −1 of La 2 O 3 doping exhibited the highest electrochemical oxidation capability of the electrode with [•OH]ss being determined at 5.6 × 10 −13 M. The quenching experiments were conducted to confirm the main oxidizing species (here: •OH) in the electrochemical process. The study showed that the pollutants were removed in the electrochemical (EC) process with different degradation rates and indicated that the second-order rate constant of organic pollutants towards •OH ( k OP,•OH ) has a linear relationship with the degradation rate of organic pollutants ( k OP ) in the electrochemical process. Another new finding in this work is that a regression line of k OP,•OH and k OP can be used to estimate k OP,•OH of an organic chemical, which cannot be determined using the competition method. k PRD,•OH and k 8-HQ,•OH were determined to be 7.4 × 10 9 M −1 s −1 and (4.6–5.5) × 10 9 M −1 s −1 , respectively. Compared with conventional supporting electrolyte (like SO 4 2− ), H 2 PO 4 − and HPO 4 2− improved k PRD and k 8-HQ by 1.3–1.6-fold, while SO 3 2− and HCO 3 − inhibited k PRD and k 8-HQ significantly, down to 80%. Additionally, the degradation pathway of 8-HQ was proposed based on the detection of intermediates from GC-MS.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 10.9
Tao Xiang,Jie Chen,Weizong Bao,Shuyan Zhong,Peng Du,Guoqiang Xie
Stress shielding is caused by the mismatch of stiffness between bone and implant materials, which may give rise to bone resorption and loosening, thereby causing implantation failure. There is a huge gap between Young's modulus of human bone and low Young's modulus β Ti alloys. A porous structure design can achieve the target of low Young's modulus, and thus achieve the matching between human bone and implant materials. However, a suitable space holder (SH) that can be applied at high temperatures and sintering pressure has not been reported. In this study, the TiZrNbTa/Ti titanium matrix composite (TMC) with high strength and large ductility was used as scaffold materials and combined the SH technique with the spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique to obtain a porous structure. A novel space holder, i.e., MgO particles was adopted, which can withstand high-temperature sintering accompanied by a sintering pressure. The porous TiZrNbTa/Ti with 40 vol.% MgO added exhibits a maximum strength of 345.9 ± 10.4 MPa and Young's modulus of 24.72 ± 0.20 GPa, respectively. It possesses higher strength compared with human bone and matches Young's modulus of human bone, which exhibits great potential for clinical application.
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OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 3.9
Zhuofan Han,Dengjie Zhong,Yunlan Xu,Haixing Chang,Yi Liu,Lin Dong,Nianbing Zhong
In this research, MIL-53(Fe)@BiOBr/TCN/Ti photoanode was created using the secondary silica sol drop coating method, and assembled with Cu cathode to form photocatalytic fuel cell (PFC) to degrade rhodamine B and generate electricity. The resulting PFC has high visible light response and photocatalytic activity . It has a rhodamine B degradation efficiency of 92.19%, a maximum power density of 6.2 μW cm −2 , and a maximum photocurrent density of 0.11 mA cm −2 . Its strong photocatalysis capabilities benefits from the wider light absorption range and lower charge carrier recombination rate of the photoanode. The double Z-scheme heterojunction formed among BiOBr, MIL-53(Fe) and TCN in the composite catalyst of the photoanode provide more transfer channels for photogenerated e − and encourage the separation of e − -h + pairs. ∙OH and ∙O - 2 are the main active substances for rhodamine B degradation. This study offers a novel approach to the development of high-efficiency photoanodes for PFC.
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Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 7
·1936-1944
·
IF 5.365
Zhongmin Liu,Yongchuan Wu,Jitao Chen,Yaru Li,Jingyu Zhao,Kaihua Gao,Ping Na
A bifunctional cake-like TiO2 was successfully synthesized via calcination of MIL-125(Ti) at a suitable temperature by a one-step method and was applied for As(III) removal by simultaneous photocatalytic oxidation and adsorption. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by XRD, TGA/DSC, SEM, TEM, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms, PL spectra, photocurrent, FTIR and XPS. The effects of calcination temperature on the specific surface areas of the samples, transformation of the TiO2 crystal phase and properties of As(III) removal were investigated. The results showed that higher calcination temperature resulting in a lower specific surface area and more transformations of the TiO2 crystal phase from anatase to rutile. The TiO2 calcined at 380 °C (MIL-125(Ti)-380 °C) exhibited excellent properties for As(III) removal, including photocatalytic oxidation of As(III) and simultaneous adsorption of the generated As(V). In addition, MIL-125(Ti)-380 °C could be reused at least four times without significant reduction in the photocatalytic oxidation and adsorption performances. The excellent photocatalytic oxidation and adsorption abilities of MIL-125(Ti)-380 °C can be attributed to the synergistic effects of strong photogenerated electron–hole separation and high specific surface area. The bifunctional cake-like TiO2 provides a wonderful strategy to remove As(III) completely from contaminated water using a single step.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2018
·
IF 8.097
Mei Ma,Shouwu Guo,Wenzhuo Shen
Tetravalent metal phosphates (M(HPO4)2, M = Zr, Sn, and Ti) have robust layered structures with interlayer d spacings over 7.5 Å, but show poor electrical conductivity. On the other hand, single-atomic-layered reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets exhibit a high electrical conductivity. In this work, the combination of rGO and M(HPO4)2 is explored for their potential as anode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Specifically, rGO/M(HPO4)2 composites are prepared, and their electrochemical performances are investigated systematically. In comparison with bare M(HPO4)2, the rGO/M(HPO4)2 composites exhibit larger specific capacity, higher rate capability, better cyclic stability, lower voltage for lithium ion insertion and extraction, and improved first Coulombic efficiency. We propose that the superior electrochemical performances of the composites are primarily contributed to the large interlayer space of M(HPO4)2 and the rGO sheets cladded on the surfaces of the layered M(HPO4)2. The attached rGO sheets bridge the layers together forming a network that is beneficial for the electron and ion diffusion within the composites, thus enhancing the discharge/charge rate capability of the composites. In addition, the attached rGO sheets provide extra anchoring sites for Li+; the specific capacity of the composites as anode materials is thus enhanced.
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