Defence Technology
·
2023
·
IF 5.1
Jialu Yang,Jiaheng Hu,Yinghua Ye,Jianbing Xu,Yan Hu,Ruiqi Shen
Self-destructing chips have promising applications for securing data. This paper proposes a new concept of energetic diodes for the first time, which can be used for self-destructive chips. A simple two-step electrochemical deposition method is used to prepare ZnO/CuO/Al energetic diode, in which N-type ZnO and P-type CuO are constricted to a PN junction. This paper comprehensively discusses the material properties, morphology, semiconductor characteristics, and exploding performances of the energetic diode. Experimental results show that the energetic diode has typical rectification with a turn-on voltage of about 1.78 V and a reverse leakage current of about 3 × 10 −4 A. When a constant voltage of 70 V loads to the energetic diode in the forward direction for about 0.14 s or 55 V loads in the reverse direction for about 0.17 s, the loaded power can excite the energetic diode exploding and the current rises to about 100 A. Due to the unique performance of the energetic diode, it has a double function of rectification and explosion. The energetic diode can be used as a logic element in the normal chip to complete the regular operation, and it can release energy to destroy the chip accurately.
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
·
2023
·
IF 5.7
ZhongJie Lu,Zheng Tian,Zhengyu Yang,Xinying Yin,Rui Dong
Due to its exceptional resistance to abiotic stress, common vetch ( Vicia sativa L.) is widely cultivated as an alternative methane source and a potentially healthy food and feed option. However, the comprehensive molecular processes behind various cultivars of common vetch's response to Al stress remain largely unexplored. In this study, a total of 35,969 unigenes , with an average length of 1302.79 bp and an N50 length of 2109 bp, were identified. Among these, 1965 and 6684 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the Al-sensitive (Lanjian No.2) and Al-tolerant (Lanjian No.3) cultivars, respectively, with 331 DEGs commonly expressed in both cultivars. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed substantial enrichment of the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) and plant hormone signal transduction in Lanjian No.3, whereas "Plant-pathogen interaction" was significantly enriched in Lanjian No.2. Moreover, Al toxicity is suggested to be regulated through sodium-potassium channels, demethylation and esterification of cell wall pectin, as well as Ca 2+ -mediated CBL-CIPK signaling, hormone signaling, and TF binding. The candidate genes discovered in this study could be useful for breeding Al-tolerant pea cultivars in locations with acidic soil and may also reveal new insights into the molecular mechanism of Al stress in legumes.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Xinfang Zhang,Changqing Yin,Shupei Liu,Dalong Cong,Zhongsheng Li,Jiao Wang,Tao Sun,Xiaoying Liu,Zhenyu Liang,Shuai Jiang,Jinjin Li,Shuang Yi,Yuxin Zhang,Jinsong Rao
Two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials have proven that potential applications in protecting metals from corrosion and wear. However, it remains a challenge in easy agglomeration and complex functionalization of 2D nanosheets in nanocomposite coatings. Herein, Co-doped MgAl-V2O74– layered double hydroxide (LDH) with transition metal carbide (Mo2CTx) nanosheet composites (CV-LDH-MXene) was synthesized by using a doping-electrostatic synergistic assembly strategy. After layer-by-layer assembly, nanosheet composite coatings had thicknesses of −6.9 μm. The corrosion results show that the incorporation of the CV-LDH-MXene nanocomposite coating can increase impedance at 10–2 Hz by 1 order of magnitude compared to pure LDH coating and decrease the corrosion current density by ∼30-fold. Furthermore, the friction results claimed that the CV-LDH-MXene nanosheet composites could make the coefficient of friction maintain at 0.09 after the running-in period, which displayed excellent relatively stable and anti-wear properties. These phenomena confirmed that there existed a synergistic effect of V2O74– intercalation and layer-assembled Mo2CTx MXene, which achieved stable anti-corrosion and wear characteristics. This investigation proved a substantial significance for the creation of LDH and MXene nanosheets and a giant step forward in the application of anti-corrosion and anti-wear. In particular, we promote the application of nautical instruments, underwater weapons, and seawater batteries in the shipbuilding industry and marine engineering.
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FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Linjie Guan,Meiyu Liu,Honghai Liu,Li Zhang,Yiming Zhang,Yucai Qin,Binbin He,Yi Mei,Yun Zu
The regulation of the engineering regionally spatial framework aluminum (Al F ) distribution in MFI channels has been considered as an effective way for the production of light olefins by targeted fluid catalytic cracking (TCO) technology. In this work, ZSM-5 zeolites with controlled Al F distributions are facilely synthesized by tuning the combinations of pentaerythritol (PET), tetrapropylammonium (TPA) and Na cations. The Al F atoms in the prepared HZ5-[PET + Na] and HZ5-[TPA] samples are enriched in the straight channels and intersection channels, respectively, which are favorable to the n-butane monomolecular reaction pathway, promoting the propylene production. Whereas the Al F atoms in the HZ5-[TPA + Na] sample are simultaneously distributed in both the straight and intersection channels, the n-butane molecules preferentially take place monomolecular reaction in the straight channels to generate carbonium ions (e.g., C 2 H 5 + , C 3 H 7 + and C 4 H 9 + ). Subsequently, all of them enter into the intersection channels to induce the occurrence of bimolecular reaction. Such a process is conducive to the formation of ethylene. These insights can help to clarify the catalytic behavior of regional framework acid sites in ZSM-5 channels and then provide an effective approach to design efficient TCO catalysts.
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Small Methods
·
2023
·
IF 12.4
Wending Pan,Yulong Zhang,Kee Wah Leong,Yingguang Zhang,Jianjun Mao,Yifei Wang,Xiaolong Zhao,Shijing Luo,D.Y.C Leung
In recent years, there have been significant advancements in Al-ion battery development, resulting in high voltage and capacity. Traditionally, only carbon-based materials with layered structures and strong bonding capabilities can deliver superior performance. However, most other materials exhibited low discharge voltages of 1.4 V, especially in aqueous Al-ion battery systems lacking anion intercalation. Thus, the development of high-voltage cathode materials has become crucial. This study introduces 2D MoS 2 as a high-performance cathode for aqueous Al-ion batteries. The material's interlayer structure enables the intercalation of AlCl 4 − anions, resulting in high-voltage intercalation. The resulting battery achieved a high voltage of 1.8 V with a capacity of 750 mAh g −1 , contributing to a high energy density of 890 Wh kg −1 and an impressive retention rate of ≈100% after 200 cycles. This research not only sheds light on the high-voltage anion-intercalation mechanism of MoS 2 but also paves the way for the further development of advanced cathode materials in the field of Al-ion batteries. By demonstrating the potential of using 2D MoS 2 as a cathode material, this finding can lead to the development of more efficient and innovative energy storage technologies, ultimately contributing to a sustainable and green energy future.
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高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Rui Zhang,Yihong Guo,Jianguo Yu,Sen Lin
Lithium/aluminum layered double hydroxide imprinted with SO 4 2- (ILDH) was prepared to enhance the lithium adsorption performance in low grade sulfate-type brines. The systematical characterization confirmed the ILDH had a morphology of two-dimensional lamella that was less randomly arranged than the traditional lithium/aluminum layered double hydroxide (TLDH). ILDH demonstrated a significantly enhanced adsorption performance in the long-term adsorption–desorption cycle replying on the excellent structural stability from the imprinting effects compared to TLDH. The adsorption capacity of ILDH was about 3.0 mg/g after 10 cycles, and the column experiments manifested that the Mg 2+ /Li + mass ratio could be significantly declined from 57.99 in the Yiliping sulfate-type brine to 2.36 in the desorption solution with 2.77 mg/g Li + adsorption capacity at room temperature .
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JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·Vol. 332
·期 9
·3741-3752
·
IF 1.6
Yusheng Wang,Ying Dai,Wenmei Hu,Jinhua Xie,Qinqin Tao
Two Mg–Al layered bimetallic (hydrogen) oxides with uranium selective deposited space were obtained by intercalating bimetallic (hydrogen) oxides with L-serine with active amino and carboxyl sites, which showed excellent uranyl selectivity from cation mixture solutions of Ni 2+ , Co 2+ , Sr 2+ , Zn 2+ , La 3+ , Gd 3+ , Ce 3+ , and Sn 4+ . It was firstly proved in L-serine intercalated Mg–Al layered bimetallic (hydrogen) oxides. The key parameter, maximum uranium uptake amount, reached 1028.37 mg/g for LS-LDH and 1018.50 mg/g for MgAl-LDO/C at pH 4.5. These merits coupling with very high uptake capacity, highly cost effectivity, facile preparation and acceptable recycle performance makes LS-LDH and MgAl-LDO/C promising in the treatment of uranium-containing solutions. The study enables the understanding of selectively treating uranium-containing wastewater with L-serine intercalated Mg–Al layered bimetallic (hydrogen) oxides.
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MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 15
·5683
·
IF 4.6
Yan Xiao,Nannan Zhan,Jie Li,Yuan Tan,Yunjie Ding
The catalytic upgrading of ethanol into butanol through the Guerbet coupling reaction has received increasing attention recently due to the sufficient supply of bioethanol and the versatile applications of butanol. In this work, four different supported Cu catalysts, i.e., Cu/Al2O3, Cu/NiO, Cu/Ni3AlOx, and Cu/Ni1AlOx(Ni2+/Al3+molar ratios of 3 and 1), were applied to investigate the catalytic performances for ethanol conversion. From the results, Ni-containing catalysts exhibit better reactivity; Al-containing catalysts exhibit better stability; but in terms of ethanol conversion, butanol selectivity, and catalyst stability, a corporative effect between Ni–Al catalytic systems can be clearly observed. Combined characterizations such as XRD, TEM, XPS, H2-TPR, and CO2/NH3-TPD were applied to analyze the properties of different catalysts. Based on the results, Cu species provide the active sites for ethanol dehydrogenation/hydrogenation, and the support derived from Ni–Al–LDH supplies appropriate acid–base sites for the aldol condensation, contributing to the high butanol selectivity. In addition, catalysts with strong reducibility (i.e., Cu/NiO) may be easily deconstructed during catalysis, leading to fast deactivation of the catalysts in the Guerbet coupling process.Keywords:copper catalyst;hydrotalcite;stability;ethanol;butanol
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FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Jie-Yao Lyu,Geng Xu,Haorui Zhang,Wenming Yang,Qi-Long Yan
Conventional solid propellants suffer from undesirable combustion performance due to the poor mass and heat transfer between metal fuels and oxidizers, as well as a lack of catalytic active sites between the catalyst and catalyzed objects. Embedding metal fuels and catalysts within the oxidizer has shown promise in improving the overall combustion performance of HTPB/AP/Al and HTPB/AP/RDX/Al composite solid propellants. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for this enhancement remain to be further understood. In this study, we investigated the reactivities of core–shell Al@AP and Al@AP/CuO composites using thermal analysis and combustion diagnostic techniques. The results demonstrated that the decomposition of AP was promoted, as evidenced by a lower peak temperature (415.2–334.7 ℃), higher total heat release (116.4–720.8 J·g −1 ), a transition in the decomposition physical model from the random nucleation and 2D/3D growth of nuclei model to the auto-catalytic model, and increased generation of NO 2 . Furthermore, the Al@AP/CuO propellant pellet exhibited a more stable flame without agglomeration, and the condensed combustion products (CCPs) contained a lower amount of unreacted Al compared to that of conventional mixtures. These findings highlighted the potential of core–shell Al@AP and Al@AP/CuO composites as replacements for discrete ingredients of solid propellants, thereby offering improved performance for next-generation propulsion systems.
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COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
·
2023
·
IF 6.3
Shulan Jiang,Ruyi Hu,Xuefeng Liu,Yanyan Cui,Yiru Ren,Hongyong Jiang
This study designs novel hierarchical microstructures of CFRP/Al interface with ZnO-NanoStructures (ZnO-NS) and Modified Resin Pre-Coating (RPC) to in-situ form nano-mechanical interlocking . ZnO-NSs with different growth times are fabricated by hydrothermal method , while the traditional RPC technology is modified by mixing resin-hardener-acetone with different ratios. Combining ZnO-NS and modified-RPC, difficultly infiltrated nanogaps among ZnO-NSs can be fully filled with resin to form flawless interface. Results show that the shear force firstly increases and then decreases with increasing growth time. As compared with no-ZnO-NS, 6 h-ZnO-NS presents a 207.5% higher shear force. When using ZnO-NS with RPC, an obvious reduction confirms that nanogaps are difficult to be infiltrated even through RPC technology. It is interesting that the shear property of sample with the modified RPC firstly increases and then decreases as the ratio changes. An improvement around 275.0% in shear force is identified for the modified-RPC with the ratio of resin, acetone and hardener (3:1:0.6) due to in-situ formed stronger nano-mechanical interlocking. The strengthening mechanisms are analyzed based on failure modes with different ZnO-NS-bridging length. The proposed method is of significance in lightweight material joining technology.
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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 6.7
Yuting Xie,Haifeng Yang,Zhiqiang Qiao,Anqi Li,Miao He,Wenjing Yang,Yunhuai Zhang,Guangcheng Yang,Xueming Li
Physical destruction of microchips for data security based on thermite cannot simultaneously fulfill the demands of energy release and pressure output. Here, we have successfully assembled microchips based on Al/bimetallic oxide (CuBi 2 O 4 ) energetic films through electrophoretic deposition. Al/CuBi 2 O 4 exhibits excellent energy release and pressure output, the heat release of Al/CuBi 2 O 4 is more concentrated, as extensive heat released by Al/CuO triggered the reaction of Al and Bi 2 O 3 , which will be conducive to the destructive behavior. The effects of fuel and oxide with different ratios on exothermic performance were systematically investigated, including heat release, ignition threshold energy, ignition mass loss rate and pressure release. The best fuel/oxide ratio on Al/CuBi 2 O 4 energetic films is found to be 5.06:1 through inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The distribution between Al fuel and CuBi 2 O 4 rods is the most uniform at this ratio, hence it possesses the maximum heat release (926.4 J/g), lower ignition threshold (0.25 mJ), and faster pressurization rate (179.80 MPa/s). Importantly, high-speed photography results show that the intense reaction destroyed the energetic microchip (the thickness is about 0.3 mm) in only 10 ms.
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Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 16
·期 9
·3532
·
IF 3.4
Ruohan Xia,Bing Zhang,Kousuo Dong,Yao Yan,Zisheng Guan
Superhydrophobic coatings with excellent water-repellent properties imply a wide range of application areas. However, improvements are needed in terms of stability and complex processing procedures. In the present study, a superhydrophobic coating on Al sheets was prepared by mixing hexadecyltrimethoxysilane (HDTMS)-modified SiO2nanoparticles and acid-catalyzed silica sols (HD-SiO2/SiO2Sol) with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) binder. The HD-SiO2nanoparticles and acid-catalyzed silica sol (SiO2sol) form a binary graded micro-nanostructure, providing excellent superhydrophobicity (Water Contact Angle = 158.5°, Sliding angle = 0°). Superhydrophobic coatings with excellent water-repellent properties have potential for corrosion prevention. However the commonly used organic resins have poor chemical and mechanical properties. In the present study, the results of outdoor exposure for 30 days, immersion in acid and alkaline solutions for 24 h, grit abrasion, and water impact experiments, respectively, showed that the prepared superhydrophobic coating has good wear resistance. The integrated superhydrophobic coating on the Al sheets exhibited good corrosion inhibition with an efficiency (η) of 98.9%, which is much higher than that of the uncoated sheets. The present study provides a promising approach for producing stable superhydrophobic coatings at a low cost, with the potential to supplant conventional organic resin anti-corrosion coatings.Keywords:superhydrophobic;SiO2;surface modification;anti-corrosion
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