ACS Sensors
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2026
·Vol. 11
·期 8
·7209-7219
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IF 10.9
Mao Liwen,Dong Zhenliang,Gao Tiange,Pan Jie,Li Jiaxi,Xiao Xiaoyang,Yang Jiaxin,Liu Yiling,Hu Qingmin,Xu Jiaqiang
Noninvasive disease diagnosis through the exhaled nitric oxide (NO) biomarker is of great significance for the real-time screening of asthma patients. Herein, a high-performance artificial olfactory system (E-nose) based on porous In 2 O 3 nanorods functionalized with Pt, Pd, and PtPd was designed and prepared for the precise recognition of the asthma biomarker NO and the noninvasive diagnosis of asthma. The sensor array demonstrates a limit of detection (LOD) of approximately 1.33 ppb (PtPd/In 2 O 3 ) for NO and maintains high selectivity. To overcome the prolonged response/recovery times of room-temperature gas sensors and the indistinguishable response values for structurally similar molecules, a novel response transient-aware prototypical network model is proposed. By dynamically extracting transient features from early response stages, the model achieves a high classification accuracy of 94.44% for structurally similar nitrogen oxides (NO, NO 2 , and N 2 O). On a clinical dataset comprising 61 participants (42 healthy volunteers and 19 asthma patients), the E-nose system achieved a high accuracy of 93.75% based on the full time-series response stage. Notably, the accuracy of the early-response stage reached 92.85%, validating the feasibility of rapid diagnosis by using early-response segments. These results demonstrate that the artificial olfactory system based on metal-functionalized porous In 2 O 3 nanorods has great potential in the precise and non-invasive diagnosis of asthma. It also offers useful guidance for rapid detection, even when sensors with slow response and recovery times are employed.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Zhen Peng,Zhiqing Wang,Yuqing Gan,Jie Shen,Keqiang Chen,Wen Chen,Jing Zhou
Ligand polarization effect directly targets the atomic origin of stochastic ion migration via surface rigid confinement. • Surface octahedra transition from disordered to ordered, rigid state, raising migration barrier from 0.28 eV to 0.42 eV • Two-order-of-magnitude enhancement in ON/OFF ratio with over 70% reduced voltage dispersion and stable operation beyond 10 4 s • Optimal polarization window enables four-level multilevel storage and boosts synaptic recognition accuracy from 71.8% to 90.6% Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) memristors exhibit pronounced ion migration activity owing to their soft lattice nature. However, the surface octahedral disorder induced by this structural flexibility often leads to stochastic ion migration, limiting device reliability. Herein, we employ the ligand polarization effect to suppress this stochastic ion migration through surface rigid confinement. By anchoring a strong-dipole ligand onto the quantum dot surface, the electrostatic coupling between the molecular dipole field and surface defects reconstructs the surface coordination environment and stiffens the octahedral framework, elevating the vacancy migration activation energy from 0.28 eV to 0.42 eV and effectively suppressing ion migration at the quantum dot surface. Through this strategy, the memristors demonstrate a two-order-of-magnitude increase in on/off ratio (from 10 1 to 10 3 ), over 70% reduction in operating voltage dispersion, cycling endurance exceeding 2 × 10 3 cycles, and retention beyond 10 4 s, while maintaining stable resistance states for over 60 days under ambient conditions. Tuning the ligand polarization strength reveals an optimal polarization window, enabling four-level multilevel storage and elevating synaptic recognition accuracy from 71.8% to 90.6%. This work provides an effective ligand polarization-based strategy for suppressing ion migration at its origin in perovskite quantum dot memristors. A ligand polarization-assisted surface rigid confinement strategy is developed for suppressing stochastic ion migration in CsPbBr 3 quantum dot-based memristors. The strong-dipole ligand anchors onto the quantum dot surface, driving surface atom rearrangement through electrostatic coupling and forming a rigid confinement layer that stabilizes conductive filaments. The resulting memristors achieve a two-order-of-magnitude enhancement in ON/OFF ratio and stable resistive switching. As artificial synapses, these devices demonstrate improved synaptic plasticity and a recognition accuracy of 90.6%, outperforming the control device (71.8%). Download: Download high-res image (145KB) Download: Download full-size image
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BMEMat
·
2026
·
IF 17.2
Chongyang Liu,Haohui Zhu,Huaibin Yu,Xijun Zhang,Zhiqin Lei,Wenjing Xu,Xinyu Zhao,Ming Wu,Long Yang,Juanjuan Liu,Zhengbao Zha,Xinghui Si,Jianjun Yuan
Living bacterial therapy offers strong tumor-targeting and deep penetration into hypoxic regions, but its therapeutic potential is hindered by biosafety risks from bacterial proliferation after treatment. Herein, we designed a trigger-destructive bacterial system that combines precise tumor targeting with controllable bacterial elimination to ensure safety. Specially, sonosensitizer barium titanate nanoparticles (BTO NPs) grafted by amino silane coupling agent (γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, KH550) were electrostatically anchored onto Salmonella VNP20009 to construct a nano-biohybrid delivery system (KBTO-VNP). Upon systemic administration, the inherent hypoxia-targeting capability of the bacteria enabled efficient accumulation and deep penetration of the sonosensitizer into tumor tissues. In vitro studies demonstrated that, the nano-biohybrid exhibited markedly enhanced penetration in 3D tumor spheroid models, achieving over a 100 μm increase in penetration depth compared to free nanoparticles. In vivo experiments revealed that bacterial surface modification improved the tumor-targeting efficiency of KBTO NPs by 7-fold. Importantly, no bacteria were recovered from normal organs after US irradiation, confirming the controllable proliferation and efficient clearance of bacteria from off-target tissues. Therapeutic evaluations on the B16F10 subcutaneous tumor model further confirmed that KBTO-VNP achieved remarkable tumor suppression, with an inhibition rate exceeding 96%. Moreover, immunological mechanism analysis revealed that the ultrasound-triggered cell apoptosis released abundant tumor-associated and bacterial antigens, which subsequently promoted robust immune cell infiltration, leading to approximately a 3-fold increase in the intratumoral infiltration of dendritic cells and T cells. This nano-biohybrid system offers valuable theoretical support for the advancement of sonodynamic therapy and holds great potential for future cancer treatments.
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Communications Physics
·
2026
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IF 5.5
Yuan Yu,Song Feilong,Qian Chenjiang,Yang Longlong,Yang Jingnan,Shi Shushu,Yan Sai,Zhang Qinggang,Zuo Zhanchun,Zhang Qinghua,Wang Can,Li Liang,Jin Kuijuan,Gong Qihuang,Xu Xiulai
Quantum emitters having non-trivial spin polarizations are highly demanded for chiral quantum devices and quantum photonic technologies. Here we investigate the magneto photoluminescence spectroscopy of perovskite quantum dots encapsulated in silica and report an observation of chiral magneto optoelectronic responses. The encapsulation stabilizes the emission and also increases the lattice distortion that alters the exciton properties. As a result, asymmetric behaviors for the degree of circular polarization to the positive and negative magnetic fields are observed from both bright and dark states in the quantum dot. The magneto optoelectronic responses further demonstrate the state mixture between bright and dark excitons, which well explains the chiral features of the quantum dot. The chirality and magnetic field manipulation in the encapsulation environment pave the way to apply them in chiral quantum photonic devices with operational stability.
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Materials Today Bio
·
2026
·
IF 11
Zhangwei Qiu,Danyan Wang,Zijun Jin,Jiaping Han,Xueli Wang,Xiaojun He,Liqin Wu
Managing pneumonia caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria presents significant clinical challenges. The near-infrared II (NIR-II) laser irradiance exhibits strong photothermal conversion capabilities, making it a promising candidate for photothermal and chemodynamic therapies as non-antibiotic strategies. However, traditional methods are often hindered by issues such as the uncontrollable production of reactive oxygen species and the low efficiency associated with NIR-II photothermal therapy. This underscores the necessity for precisely regulated and highly effective synergistic therapies. To address these limitations, we have innovatively developed a defect/interface dual-engineered nanozyme (PtPb@SbO 3-x ) and comprehensively characterized its atomic-scale structure and catalytic mechanisms using density functional theory calculations and synchrotron radiation techniques. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PtPb@SbO 3-x could efficiently eliminate drug-resistant bacteria and disrupt biofilm structures under low-concentration hydrogen peroxide and NIR-II irradiation while exhibiting excellent biocompatibility. In pneumonia models, the nanozyme enabled rapid infection clearance and significantly reduced inflammatory responses via synergistic photothermal and chemodynamic therapy effects. Furthermore, integrated multi-omics analyses-including metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics-systematically uncovered the molecular mechanisms driving its therapeutic efficacy. This study successfully establishes a non-antibiotic nanozyme-based therapeutic strategy that is efficient, low in toxicity, and non-invasive for treating MDR bacterial infections. It also provides a solid theoretical basis and technical framework for the rational design of defect/interface dual-engineered nanoplatforms.
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Small
·
2026
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IF 11.8
Chun Sun,Jiabao Bai,Ruifeng Wang,Zhengtao Qiu,Jiazhi Cui,Yuxin Zhang,Zekang Zang,Dan Huang,William W. Yu
Metal halide perovskites are promising photocatalysts for solar hydrogen production but suffer from severe water instability. Herein, a dual organic-inorganic encapsulation strategy is developed to construct water-resistant CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals. Hydrophobic zwitterionic ligands, in combination with an epitaxial CsPb 2 Br 5 shell, effectively isolate the CsPbBr 3 core from water while maintaining structural integrity. To overcome the carrier-blocking effect induced by encapsulation, hollow CoS x is introduced to form a sandwich-like heterostructure, in which CsPbBr 3 is spatially confined between CoS x and CsPb 2 Br 5 . This architecture enables directional charge transfer via a Schottky CoS x /CsPbBr 3 interface for efficient electron extraction and a type-II CsPbBr 3 @CsPb 2 Br 5 heterojunction for hole transport. Benefiting from the synergistic stabilization and charge-management effects, the resulting photocatalyst achieves a hydrogen evolution rate of 5.36 mmol h −1 g −1 with an apparent quantum efficiency of 4.19% at 420 nm, while maintaining stable performance over five cycles. This work provides a general strategy for integrating multi-layer encapsulation with carrier-selective interfaces to realize durable and efficient perovskite photocatalysts for aqueous hydrogen evolution.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2025
·
IF 9.7
Yichi Zhong,Jian Huang,Yuan Xiang,Kun Qian,Zhanpeng Wang,Qian Wang,Jingzhou Li,Hongxing Dong,Long Zhang
Zero-dimensional perovskite Cs 4 PbBr 6 nanocrystals have attracted considerable attention for their potential in optoelectronic and sensing applications due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and environmental stability. However, their non-emissive property has limited their development in luminescent applications. Fortunately, the reversible phase transition between Cs 4 PbBr 6 and CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals provides a promising strategy to address this limitation. This study investigates the phase transition mechanism induced by the micro-environment factors, with a particular focus on the evolution of optical properties. Small droplets of Cs 4 PbBr 6 nanocrystals were exposed to air, and real-time monitoring of their color changes and photoluminescent emission characteristics was conducted. The results reveal that the large surface area of the droplet facilitates solvent evaporation, which accelerates the phase transition of Cs 4 PbBr 6 nanocrystals, leading to a significant enhancement in photoluminescent brightness. By quantitatively correlating environmental humidity with the phase conversion rate, this work highlights the critical role of humidity in modulating the conversion kinetics. Furthermore, the study systematically explores the mechanism of tuning the photoluminescent emission peak by adjusting the surface ligands, which enables the development of an environment-responsive, color-changing optical device based on droplet dynamics.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Yudong Wang,Junhui He,Haixin Li,Qiuxiang Yang,Lin Peng,Shounian Cheng,Yu Han,Yang Jie,Xia Cao
In this study, cadmium-free InP/ZnSe core–shell quantum dots (QDs) were synthesized using the hot-injection method, with the measured barrier height of the PN junction being approximately 0.441 eV. The core–shell structure significantly improved the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) compared to that of bare InP QDs, with enhanced optical properties and stability due to effective lattice matching between InP and ZnSe, reducing interfacial defects. These QDs were integrated into a hybrid energy-harvesting device by combining a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and a photovoltaic (PV) thin film. The TENG, based on a PMMA–QDs composite film, achieved a high output power density of 191.13 μW/cm2 under 3 Hz mechanical excitation, while the PV device exhibited a light-switching ratio as high as 73.5, demonstrating excellent photoresponsivity. Additionally, a smart security lock system was developed, utilizing the TENG’s personal information recognition capability to authorize access based on a friction-generated electrical signal, with an integrated alarm system to detect unauthorized code acquisition via light-excited fluorescent substances. This dual-response energy system offers a promising approach for efficient and reliable energy harvesting with potential applications in sustainable electronics and self-powered IoT devices.
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Journal of the American Chemical Society
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2025
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IF 15.6
Qing Yao,Renjie Ren,Yuanmin Zhu,Wei Yan,Zhiyong Yu,Zhongliang Huang,Aiying Song,Haixin Lin,Lin Zhuang,Zhe-Ning Chen,Nanjun Chen,Xiaoqing Huang
The face-centered cubic (fcc) Ru exhibits great potential for the alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), while achieving high HOR activity and CO tolerance poses a formidable challenge for Ru catalysts in practical fuel cells, particularly when using CO-contaminated H2, such as gray and blue hydrogen. Here, we propose a compositional diversification strategy to create 14 types of fcc Ru-based alloys, in which adjustable compositions can tune the nanostructure while offsetting the limitations of single Ru. Among them, quinary RuInPtNiCu nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit an outstanding HOR activity of 5.36 A mgPGM–1, which is 15.9 and 2.9 times higher than those of commercial Pt/C (0.338 A mgPGM–1) and single Ru NCs (1.88 A mgPGM–1), respectively. More importantly, the RuInPtNiCu-based membrane electrode assembly (MEA) achieves a high peak power density of 1.72 W cm–2 and a remarkable mass activity of 19.0 A mgPGM–1@0.65 V in H2–O2, and the RuInPtNiCu-based MEA can be run stably at 0.6 A cm–2 for over 100 h. Moreover, the RuInPtNiCu retains 94.6% of the HOR current after exposure to H2 containing 1000 ppm CO for 8000 s in a rotating disk electrode and retains 92.5% of cell voltage after a CO-toxicity stability test in fuel cells, underscoring its exceptional CO tolerance. Mechanism and computation studies corroborate that the optimized electronic structure and atomic configuration of RuInPtNiCu weaken the adsorption of surface species (*H, *OH, and CO) and alter the CO adsorption mode on active sites, thus leading to enhanced HOR performance and CO tolerance.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
·
2025
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IF 5.5
Jing Yu,Zhengtao Xu,Yiling Ruan,Jiarui Qi,Xiaolian Sun,Shenglei Che
Ferroptosis is an immunogenic form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The balance between Fe2+ and Fe3+ is crucial in inducing ferroptosis, where Fe2+ primarily initiates the Fenton reaction to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in lipid peroxidation and subsequent cell damage. However, the instability of Fe2+, due to its susceptibility to oxidation into Fe3+, poses challenges for effectively triggering ferroptosis. In this study, we report a synthetic method for creating Fe2+-rich nanoworms regulated by oleyl amine, which effectively stabilizes Fe2+. These nanoworms exhibited exceptional efficacy in producing ROS through high Fe2+ proportion and glutathione (GSH) consumption by Fe3+, thereby initiating lipid peroxidation (LPO) and subsequent induction of ferroptosis and immunogenic cell death. The conjugation with tumor-penetrating peptide (iRGD) endowed the accumulation at tumor sites. After coupling with αPD-L1, these nanoworms significantly enhanced their tumor inhibition rate through the combination of ferroptosis and immunotherapy, reducing the tumor volume to 22.52%. This work provides a promising material for combined tumor therapy by inducing ferroptosis and downstream immunotherapy.
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 15.7
Zhu Zhijie,Qian Shuairen,Dong Xudong,Liu Shuang,Zhou Yuxuan,Nie Kaiqi,An Xingda,Li Chaoran,Cheng Yi,Yan Binhang,Feng Kai,Zhang Xiaohong,He Le
Plasmonic photocatalysis offers a promising route to harvest solar energy and drive chemical reactions by the generated heat and energetic charge carriers towards a low-carbon economy. Understanding the mechanisms of plasmonic photocatalysis is vital for the rational design of efficient catalysts but remains a great challenge. Here we report the discovery of an overlooked photocatalytic mechanism based on the enhanced coverage of CO on an Au-Ni heterostructure under light. Detailed studies reveal that hot carrier transfer from Au to Ni via plasmonic excitation increases the electron density of Ni, thereby boosting the population of Ni sites capable of CO adsorption. This increase in active CO-binding sites, rather than local heating or altered adsorption properties of individual Ni sites, is found to be the major contributor to the light-promoted CH 4 production in the Au-Ni-catalyzed CO hydrogenation reaction. This mechanism is further validated by the observation of higher CH 4 selectivity in photocatalytic CO 2 hydrogenation. Our study deepens the mechanistic understanding of plasmonic photocatalysis and offers new ideas for the design of advanced catalytic structures.
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ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
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2025
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IF 6
Zhouzhou Zhu,Xiangfu Hu,Jiahao Pan,Zhenda Lu
Background Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging is a highly promising analytical technique offering ultra-sensitivity and spatiotemporal resolution for biosensing and environmental monitoring. However, trace-detecting based on ECL remains challenging due to inherently low signal intensity caused by stability limitations and poor luminescence efficiency. Microelectrodes (MEs) with three-dimensional (3D) dendritic structure integrate the advantages of large-surface-area and field-enhancing. Nevertheless, research specifically applying such MEs to ECL imaging remains scarce, which obstructed the development of optimized ECL detection systems. This work addresses this by developing a novel dendritic ME array for enhanced ECL detection. Results In this study, a dendritic microelectrode (ME) array was fabricated using Ag nanoparticle seeds integrated with nanoprinting, seed-mediated growth and electrodeposition. This approach enabled precise spatial and morphological control of nanoparticle growth, optimizing the 3D dendritic hierarchical architecture. The dendritic MEs demonstrated a three-order-of-magnitude enhancement in electrochemical catalytic efficiency compared to initial structures, while exhibiting equivalent ECL intensity amplification versus submicron and ITO electrodes under identical conditions. Comprehensive characterization confirmed exceptional response to ECL markers such as Ru(bpy) 3 2+ and high-performance glucose detection with a linear range of 0.1–10 mM, low detection limits, and high selectivity. Furthermore, ME array exhibited remarkable selectivity in detecting glucose concentrations amidst various interfering substances. The platform concurrently enables visualization of local analyte concentration gradients. Significance This work advances the fundamental understanding of ME design for signal amplification while providing a versatile platform for ultrasensitive electrochemical sensors. The findings offer key insights for future microelectrode development, demonstrating that incorporating 3D microstructures directly onto electrode surfaces is a highly effective strategy for amplifying ECL signals particularly for trace analytes. This approach opens new avenues for applications in bioanalysis and environmental monitoring.
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